CN205538953U - Coombe ditch head falls analogue test device of bank height to influence of headward erosion speed - Google Patents
Coombe ditch head falls analogue test device of bank height to influence of headward erosion speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN205538953U CN205538953U CN201521098099.XU CN201521098099U CN205538953U CN 205538953 U CN205538953 U CN 205538953U CN 201521098099 U CN201521098099 U CN 201521098099U CN 205538953 U CN205538953 U CN 205538953U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a coombe ditch head falls analogue test device of bank height to influence of headward erosion speed, including 5 parallel arrangement's ditch head, the ditch head is provided with the bank that falls of perpendicular to horizontal plane, and the difference is fallen the high ditch head of bank and is provided with different soil body configurations, and it is the slope to fall bank updrift side catchments area, and the catchments area top is provided with the stationary flow groove, and along flushing on opening part on the stationary flow groove and the catchments area, it is ditch beds to fall the bank low reaches mild section and abrupt slope section, ditch bed shape design is shallow U type, has flow collecting groove below the ditch bed, and flow collecting groove is connected with the runoff bucket, spy pipe and probe have been buried in catchments area and ditch bed underground near falling the bank position, in the catchments area top, arrange the artificial rain device that covers whole catchments area, fall bank the place ahead, be provided with the three -dimensional laser scanning appearance. The utility model discloses can effectively simulate in the real process the different bank height that fall of coombe ditch head to the influence of headward erosion speed size, the actual conditions in the natural process are established by the device, and the simulated result is reliable.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of simulation test device, a kind of measures the simulation test device that retrogressive erosion speed is affected by gully head step height, belongs to conservation technology field.
Background technology
Gully erosion is a kind of important soil erosion type, and the impact on ecological environment and agro based economic development is relatively big, and it not only causes land quantity to reduce and quality degradation, but also one of is the important sources of rivers silt.The rill erosion situation of the analysis and summary countries in the world such as Poesen, finds that cheuch based on coombe produces and husky can account for 10% the 94% of sediment yield in river basin total amount；In China, the gully and valley erosion sediment yield including coombe, dissected valley can account for more than the 50% of sediment yield in river basin total amount.Therefore, gully erosion is launched further investigation the most urgent.Increasing Chinese scholars also begins to pay close attention to gully erosion research in recent years, but owing to coombe growth course is complicated, influence factor is numerous, experimental simulation difficulty, and gully erosion research and development the most slowly always.
The active degree of coombe mainly shows as the speed of its erosion rate and the severe degree of metamorphosis.One of main process that ditch head retrogressive erosion is grown as coombe, is also the topmost process causing coombe ditch length constantly to extend.Runoff water dynamic action is one of mastery reaction during gully head retrogressive erosion, and hydrodynamic characterisitic not only affects ditch head morphology characterization and grows, and also has important function to Sediment Transport.And step height is as the important morphological characteristic parameter of gully head, the impact on ditch head active degree is most important.Under identical runoff effect, different step height ditch head footpaths streaming potential is different, the kinetic energy changed into after forming drop is the most different, cause runoff that ditch head falls the agent of erosion bottom bank different, and then affect ditch head retrogressive erosion speed and the active degree of whole piece coombe, but Runoff Energy is converted by ditch head step height and the influencing mechanism of etching effect also lacks systematic study.
Utility model content
This utility model is primarily to study the impact on retrogressive erosion process of the ditch head difference step height, and the simulation test device set up.
This utility model is achieved in that
A kind of measure the simulation test device that retrogressive erosion speed is affected by ditch head step height, including 5 ditch heads being arranged in parallel, what ditch head was provided perpendicular to horizontal plane falls bank, step height is respectively 25cm, 50cm, 75cm, 100cm and 125cm, different step height ditch heads are provided with various soil mass configuration, fall the slope that bank updrift side gathering ground is a length of 6m, gathering ground is provided above stable chute, opening part on stable chute flushes with edge on gathering ground, fall the ditch bed that bank downstream is a length of 3m, mild section and the abrupt slope section of 2m including 1m, ditch bed shape is designed as shallow u-shaped, afflux groove is had below ditch bed, afflux groove connects runoff bucket；Closely fall bank position in gathering ground and ditch bed mooring and be embedded with monitoring different depth soil moisture and the inserting tube of flow of water change and probe；Above gathering ground, being disposed with artificial rain device, artificial rain device covers whole gathering ground；Falling bank front, be provided with three-dimensional laser scanner, be used for monitoring metamorphosis.
Falling bank front, be provided with three-dimensional laser scanner, be used for monitoring metamorphosis.
TDR drimeter and EQ15 soil water potential instrument is had, for monitoring the change of soil moisture and the flow of water in ditch head soil.
Mild section 5 and the design of abrupt slope section 6 in ditch head downstream direction ditch bed, it is simple to sediment bypassing.The gradient of abrupt slope section is more than 15 °, and the mild section gradient is less than 5 °.It addition, in order to avoid flowing out from ditch bed both sides from falling the water that flows down on bank, mild section 5 and the abrupt slope section 6 of ditch bed are designed to shallow u-shaped, enable runoff outflow in the middle of ditch bed.
The position monitoring moisture and the flow of water in process of the test is mainly near ditch head, including falling bank updrift side and downstream direction.In view of avalanche occurring during ditch head retrogressive erosion and corrode generation plunge pool, so TDR drimeter and the installation position of EQ15 soil water potential instrument, it is designed as upper distance ditch head and falls on bank at the centrage both sides 30cm of edge and the 50cm on lower edge, transversely distance opening part water (flow) direction.TDR drimeter and the position of EQ15 soil water potential instrument: falling bank upstream section: 10,20,30,40,60 and 100cm；10,20,30cm bank downstream portion is fallen:；Step height can regulate, and typically can arrange 5 kinds of different step heights: 25cm, 50cm, 75cm, 100cm and 125cm.
Owing to step height is different, can have different soil body configurations, in order to make analog more tally with the actual situation, fall bank for differing heights, different soil body configurations is set.The wherein all dry red soil of 25cm ditch head；50cm ditch head upper strata is 30cm dry red soil, and lower floor is 20cm vertisol；75cm ditch head is followed successively by 45cm dry red soil, 30cm vertisol from top to bottom；100cm ditch head is followed successively by 60cm dry red soil, 40cm vertisol from top to bottom；125cm ditch head is followed successively by 75cm dry red soil, 50cm vertisol from top to bottom.
This utility model in actual use, carries out artificial rainfall test initially with artificial rain device, and rain making covers ditch head, after rainfall pools runoff substantially, begins through stable chute opening part and discharges water, carry out outflow test.So reason of design: rainfall just has the bigger agent of erosion to ditch head after mainly pooling runoff, so directly using outflow test runoff simulation to wash away；And during natural precipitation, ditch head can infiltrate, cause soil mass property to change, and then affect retrogressive erosion speed, so simulating natural precipitation process initially with rain maker.
In process of the test, monitor upstream section and downstream portion different depth soil moisture and the flow of water near ditch head change；Soil moisture uses TDR drimeter, collocation FDR inserting tube to measure；Soil water potential uses EQ15 soil water potential instrument to measure.
Ditch head retrogressive erosion speed uses 3-D scanning technical measurement (before and after one rainfall event+outflow test), by metamorphosis before and after contrast ditch head, it is thus achieved that ditch head retrogressive erosion speed and ditch head morphology variation characteristic.
The stable chute (current stabilization effect) that being provided with at ditch head updrift side 2m discharges water washes away, wherein outlet flushes with upstream, gathering ground, it is directly translated into slope runoff after ensureing current spill-over, and ensure that runoff initial kinetic energy is consistent (under same traffic effect, current arrive in stable chute, overflowing, energy is more consistent again).
This utility model can effectively simulate the impact on retrogressive erosion speed of the different step height of gully head in real process, and the practical situation during device design overall gets close to nature, analog result is reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is this utility model structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the simulation test device structural representation that retrogressive erosion speed is affected by this utility model another gully head step height different from accompanying drawing 1 step height.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings this utility model is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of measure the simulation test device that retrogressive erosion speed is affected by ditch head step height, including the stable chute 2 being positioned at the top, it it is gathering ground 1 below stable chute, opening part 3 on stable chute flushes with edge on gathering ground 1, gathering ground is the slope of a length of 6m, below gathering ground, be provided perpendicular to horizontal plane falls bank 4, fall bank and the ditch bed of a length of 3m is presented herein below, including the abrupt slope section 6 of the mild section 5 and 2m of 1m, having afflux groove 7 below ditch bed, afflux groove connects runoff bucket 8.
Above gathering ground, being disposed with artificial rain device 9, artificial rain device 9 covers whole gathering ground 1.
Falling bank front, be provided with three-dimensional laser scanner, be used for monitoring metamorphosis.
TDR drimeter and EQ15 soil water potential instrument is had, for monitoring the change of soil moisture and the flow of water in ditch head soil.
The mild section 5 of ditch head downstream direction and the design of abrupt slope section 6, it is simple to sediment bypassing.The gradient of abrupt slope section is more than 15 °, and the mild section gradient is less than 5 °.
The position monitoring moisture and the flow of water in process of the test is mainly near ditch head, including falling bank updrift side and downstream direction.In view of avalanche occurring during ditch head retrogressive erosion and corrode generation plunge pool, so TDR drimeter and the installation position of EQ15 soil water potential instrument, it is designed as upper distance ditch head and falls on bank at the centrage both sides 30cm of edge and the 50cm on lower edge, transversely distance opening part water (flow) direction.TDR drimeter and the position of EQ15 soil water potential instrument: falling bank upstream section: 10,20,30,40,60 and 100cm；10,20,30cm bank downstream portion is fallen:；Step height can regulate, and typically can arrange 5 kinds of different step heights: 25cm, 50cm, 75cm, 100cm and 125cm.
Accompanying drawing 2 shows that another different from accompanying drawing 1 step height measures the simulation test device that retrogressive erosion speed is affected by ditch head step height, as aforementioned, step height can regulate, in realistic simulation process of the test, by arranging different step heights, it is possible to the reflection step height Different Effects to retrogressive erosion process.Accompanying drawing 2 illustrate only a kind of situation of differing heights, and those skilled in the art can be according to the different step height of the content setting of description.
Owing to step height is different, can have different soil body configurations, in order to make analog more tally with the actual situation, fall bank for differing heights, different soil body configurations is set.The wherein all dry red soil of 25cm ditch head；50cm ditch head upper strata is 30cm dry red soil, and lower floor is 20cm vertisol；75cm ditch head is followed successively by 45cm dry red soil, 30cm vertisol from top to bottom；100cm ditch head is followed successively by 60cm dry red soil, 40cm vertisol from top to bottom；125cm ditch head is followed successively by 75cm dry red soil, 50cm vertisol from top to bottom.
Claims (2)
1. the simulation test device that retrogressive erosion speed is affected by a gully head step height, it is characterised in that: include 5
The ditch head being arranged in parallel, ditch head is provided perpendicular to the bank that falls of horizontal plane, and step height is respectively 25cm, 50cm, 75cm, 100cm
And 125cm, different step height ditch heads are provided with various soil mass configuration, fall the slope that bank updrift side gathering ground is a length of 6m,
Gathering ground is provided above stable chute, and the opening part on stable chute flushes with edge on gathering ground, falls the ditch that bank downstream is a length of 3m
Bed, including mild section and the abrupt slope section of 2m of 1m, ditch bed shape is designed as shallow u-shaped, has afflux groove below ditch bed, collection
Chute connects runoff bucket；Closely fall bank position in gathering ground and ditch bed mooring and be embedded with monitoring different depth soil moisture and flow of water change
Inserting tube and probe；Above gathering ground, being disposed with artificial rain device, artificial rain device covers whole gathering ground；Falling
Bank front, is provided with three-dimensional laser scanner, is used for monitoring metamorphosis.
The simulation test device that the most according to claim 1, retrogressive erosion speed is affected by gully head step height, its feature
It is: the gradient of described abrupt slope section is more than 15 °, and the mild section gradient is less than 5 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201521098099.XU CN205538953U (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Coombe ditch head falls analogue test device of bank height to influence of headward erosion speed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201521098099.XU CN205538953U (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Coombe ditch head falls analogue test device of bank height to influence of headward erosion speed |
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| CN205538953U true CN205538953U (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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| CN201521098099.XU Expired - Fee Related CN205538953U (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Coombe ditch head falls analogue test device of bank height to influence of headward erosion speed |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106596897A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-04-26 | 河海大学 | Test device and method for measuring slope fixation effects and water absorption performances of reinforced plant soil |
| CN111157437A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | A observation device for ditch head erosion process of tracing to source |
| CN112284682A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-29 | 云南大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating gully head falling acupoint development |
| CN113607586A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-05 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Drop-wall flow separation test device |
-
2015
- 2015-12-25 CN CN201521098099.XU patent/CN205538953U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106596897A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-04-26 | 河海大学 | Test device and method for measuring slope fixation effects and water absorption performances of reinforced plant soil |
| CN106596897B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2019-04-26 | 河海大学 | Measurement reinforcement plant soil consolidates the experimental rig and method of slope effect and water absorbing properties |
| CN111157437A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | A observation device for ditch head erosion process of tracing to source |
| CN112284682A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-29 | 云南大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating gully head falling acupoint development |
| CN112284682B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 云南大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating gully head falling acupoint development |
| CN113607586A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-05 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Drop-wall flow separation test device |
| CN113607586B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2024-04-26 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Drop-wall-attached flow separation test device |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160831 Termination date: 20161225 |