CN109444376A - A kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test - Google Patents
A kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test Download PDFInfo
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- CN109444376A CN109444376A CN201811307902.4A CN201811307902A CN109444376A CN 109444376 A CN109444376 A CN 109444376A CN 201811307902 A CN201811307902 A CN 201811307902A CN 109444376 A CN109444376 A CN 109444376A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 206010000234 Abortion spontaneous Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000015994 miscarriage Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000000995 spontaneous abortion Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of portable test flumes and test method applied to field rain test；It include: several baffles and an end cap, baffle and end cap edge are equipped with connection plug and fixation hole configurations, and stainless drill rod is inserted into fixation hole, so that keeing relative stability between baffle and end cap between each baffle, groove body bottom end is equipped with water outlet；It has the advantage that: the present apparatus encloses different dimension test spaces by increasing and decreasing baffle number, to form a variety of sizes or variform trial zone, the shortcomings that not only overcoming conventional apparatus form unification, also solve structural stability problem, with easy to install, carry the advantages that convenient, it is combined with rainfall simulator, it may not only be applied to analysis vegetation coverage, the rainfall factor, the influence of the Factors on Soil Erosion such as landform, it can also be used to measure Different Soil runoff coefficient, the parameters such as critical rainfall threshold value are flowed in slope runoff amount, sediment production and production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of portable test flumes and test method applied to field rain test, belong to the soil erosion
Experimental field.
Background technique
Geological disaster caused by rainfall and soil erosion are one of the main ecological problems that China faces, raw to the mankind
It produces, life is constituted and seriously threatened.In order to effectively take precautions against disaster, it is highly desirable to soil body erosion process, impact factor
And characteristic carries out small-sized field test research in all directions, can just obtain that comparison is true, is suitble to the data of practical characteristic.Currently,
Domestic and foreign scholars have carried out soil erosion test a large amount of by rainfall simulation test, still, it is main to have conventional apparatus
Suitable for indoor rainfall simulation experiment, and generally there is fixed geomery, can not arbitrarily adjust trial zone range size.
Therefore, need to research and develop a kind of portable trial zone enclosure device that can be applied to the test of field rainfall simulation and soil erosion ginseng
Number test method, to support field test smoothly to carry out.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test, effective solutions
The problem of single sizing of traditional experiment slot and not carrying easy to install, by subtracting baffle number, to enclose different dimension tests empty
Between, so that the shortcomings that forming a variety of sizes or variform trial zone, not only overcoming conventional apparatus form unification, also solves
Structure of having determined stability problem, has many advantages, such as easy to install, and it is convenient to carry, and can satisfy Different Soil field rain test
Demand.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is as follows using concrete scheme:
A kind of portable test flume applied to field rain test, it is characterised in that: the test flume is by several baffles 1
It is formed with an end cap 4,1 end face of baffle is equipped with plug 2, is provided with fixation hole configurations on plug 2, passes through stainless steel
3 intercalation of pricker enters to make in fixation hole relatively stable between baffle 1, and the end cap 4 is installed on baffle 1, and 4 edge of end cap is equipped with
Fixation hole configurations enter to make in fixation hole relatively stable between baffle 1 and end cap 4,4 end face of end cap by stainless 3 intercalation of drill rod
Equipped with water outlet 5.
3 length of stainless drill rod is greater than the length of baffle 1 and end cap 4.
4 upper surface of end cap is inclined cover board 6, and the cover board 6 of 5 position of water outlet is least significant end.
The cover board 6 is equipped with edge 601, the not set edge 601 of cover board 6 of 5 position of water outlet.
The invention has the benefit that 1) conventional apparatus of the invention that solves goes along with sb. to guard him the fixed confinement problems in region, it can
According to Different Soil erosion test demand, any combination or baffle is separated, forms different trial zone spaces.
2) there are fixation holes for each baffle edge in the present invention, are fixed on the soil body using stainless drill rod, to prevent rainwater
Structural instability caused by side leakage or raindrop splass occurs.
3) cover board is arranged in water outlet of the present invention, can prevent its top rainfall from falling into trial zone.
4) apparatus of the present invention are easy to operate, are easy to carry about with one, and provide convenience to carry out field rain test.
In conclusion the present apparatus encloses different dimension test spaces by subtracting baffle number, to form a variety of sizes
Or variform trial zone, the shortcomings that not only overcoming conventional apparatus form unification, structural stability problem is also solved,
Have many advantages, such as easy to install, it is convenient to carry, and can satisfy Different Soil field rain test demand.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the explosive view of test flume of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is 45 ° of top views of test flume of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is end cover mounting structure schematic diagram；
It is as shown in the figure: baffle 1, plug 2, stainless drill rod 3, end cap 4, water outlet 5, cover board 6, edge 601.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and pass through specific embodiment further instruction technical solution of the present invention:
Embodiment 1
A kind of portable test flume applied to field rain test as shown in Figures 1 to 3, it is desirable to provide a kind of energy is convenient
Dismantle, install and the carry while adjustable test flume of spatial dimension.According to above-mentioned requirements, several baffles 1 of this test flume
It is formed with an end cap 4, specific structure, principle and application method are as follows.
As shown in Figure 1, the range of this test flume is limited by baffle 1,1 end face of baffle is equipped with plug 2.It is patching simultaneously
Fixation hole configurations are provided on first 2.In use, being entered in the fixation hole of plug 2 by stainless 3 intercalation of drill rod, so that adjacent
Two baffles 1 are relatively stable.1 material of baffle is stainless steel, can arbitrarily be separated and be combined by stainless drill rod 3, thus shape
At the test space of different size or shape.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the space structure that several baffles 1 are formed is bonded by end cap 4.Baffle is installed in end cap 4
On 1,4 edge of end cap is equipped with fixation hole configurations, enters to make in fixation hole between baffle 1 and end cap 4 by stainless 3 intercalation of drill rod
It is relatively stable.The effect of end cap 4 is to provide for a water outlet 5, i.e., a water outlet 5 is provided on end cap 4.It is being discharged
Lower edge is arranged in mouthful position, to reduce runoff during collection caused by loss.
The structure of end cap 4 is as shown in figure 3, be inclined cover board 6 in 4 upper surface of end cap.The effect of cover board 6 is can to prevent it
Top rainfall falls into trial zone, influences the accuracy of test.For the discharge for making 6 top waterflow stabilization of cover board, cover board 6 is arranged
For incline structure.And least significant end is located at water outlet 5.The edge 601 that setting prevents water flow side from revealing on cover board 6 simultaneously,
So that water flow is only discharged above water outlet 5.
In the present apparatus, the length of stainless drill rod 3 need to be greater than the height of baffle 1 and end cap 4.In use, need to be stainless by part
Drill rod 3 is inserted into soil, while to guarantee that baffle and earth's surface fit closely, can be effectively prevented rainwater and side leakage or rain occurs
Drop, which is hit, splashes caused structural instability.
Specific mounting structure step: before implementation, the size and quantity of baffle 1 are determined according to space needed for testing.When implementation,
The first fixed baffle 1 since trial zone front end (4 one end of end-cover-free).Then, successively splice from two sides, and in time with stainless drill rod
3 are fixed.Then, in trial zone rear mounting end lid 4.Finally, when whole device installs, then tamp it is primary it is all not
Become rusty drill rod 3, makes itself and ground rigid contact, to prevent runoff during test from side leakage or structural instability occurs.
A kind of portable test flume applied to field rain test of the present invention measures Influencing Factor of Soil Erosion
Method it is as follows: according to rainfall simulator effective rainfall area, first, using same size and the baffle of quantity in different landforms
Unit encloses the test flume of multiple identical size and shape, produces miscarriage, husky to the soil erosion to test vegetation coverage
It influences；Second, enclosing multiple size and shape identical tests in same geomorphic unit using same size and the baffle of quantity
Slot produces miscarriage, husky influence to the soil erosion to test rainfall, rainfall intensity and rainfall duration；Third, using identical big
Small and quantity baffle encloses the identical test flume of multiple size and shape in different gradient region, and the test gradient invades soil
Erosion produces miscarriage, husky influence；Fourth, the baffle of different number encloses multiple width in identical sloping region using same size
Identical, the different test flume of length is spent, test length of grade produces miscarriage, husky influence to the soil erosion.
A kind of portable test flume measurement Different Soil applied to field rain test of the present invention corrodes
Parametric technique: combining with rainfall simulator, first, producing corresponding rainfall factor when flowing according to test flume, determines the soil erosion
Raininess-when generation lasts or rainfall-lasts critical value, to carry out forecasting and warning；Second, collected from test flume water outlet
River rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi stream measures volume, drying weighing measurement silt, so that it is determined that slope runoff amount and sediment production using graduated cylinder；Third, root
Area A, net flow volume V, rainfall Q and ramp slope a are gone along with sb. to guard him according to test flume, runoff coefficient is calculated using formula (1).
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test, it is characterised in that: the test flume by
Several baffles and an end cap composition, several baffles and an end cap, baffle and end cap edge are equipped with connection plug and fixation
Stainless drill rod is inserted into fixation hole by pore structure, so that keep relative stability between baffle and end cap between each baffle, end cap
Bottom end is equipped with water outlet；The method of the portable test flume measurement Influencing Factor of Soil Erosion of the field rain test is as follows:
According to rainfall simulator effective rainfall area, first, being enclosed using same size and the baffle of quantity in different geomorphologic units
The test flume of multiple identical size and shape produces miscarriage, husky influence to the soil erosion to test vegetation coverage；Second,
Multiple size and shape identical test slots are enclosed in same geomorphic unit using same size and the baffle of quantity, to test
Rainfall, rainfall intensity and rainfall duration produce miscarriage, husky influence to the soil erosion；Third, using same size and quantity
Baffle encloses the identical test flume of multiple size and shape in different gradient region, the test gradient to the soil erosion produce miscarriage,
Husky influence；Fourth, the baffle of different number encloses multiple of same size, length in identical sloping region using same size
Different test flumes is spent, test length of grade produces miscarriage, husky influence to the soil erosion.
2. a kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the stainless drill rod length is greater than the length of baffle and end cap.
3. a kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the end cap upper surface is inclined cover board, and the cover board of water outlet position is least significant end.
4. a kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test according to claim 3, special
Sign is: the cover board is equipped with edge, the not set edge of the cover board of water outlet position.
5. a kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test according to claim 1, special
Sign is: it is combined with rainfall simulator, for analyzing vegetation coverage, the rainfall factor, the Factors on Soil Erosion such as landform
It influences, measures Different Soil runoff coefficient, the parameters such as critical rainfall threshold value are flowed in slope runoff amount, sediment production and production.
6. a kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test according to claim 1, special
Sign is: a kind of portable test flume measurement Different Soil Insults parameter method applied to field rain test: with drop
Rain simulator combines, first, producing corresponding rainfall factor when flowing according to test flume, determines the raininess-when soil erosion occurs
It lasts or rainfall-lasts critical value, to carry out forecasting and warning；Second, being flowed from the river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi that test flume water outlet is collected, using graduated cylinder
Measure volume, drying weighing measurement silt, so that it is determined that slope runoff amount and sediment production；Third, being gone along with sb. to guard him according to test flume
Area A, river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi flow volume V, rainfall Q and ramp slope a, are calculated using the following equation runoff coefficient Cr.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811307902.4A CN109444376A (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2018-11-05 | A kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811307902.4A CN109444376A (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2018-11-05 | A kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test |
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| CN109444376A true CN109444376A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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| CN201811307902.4A Pending CN109444376A (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2018-11-05 | A kind of portable test flume and test method applied to field rain test |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110568154A (en) * | 2019-08-25 | 2019-12-13 | 天津大学 | Method for evaluating influence of rainfall on slope erosion degree by utilizing simulated rainfall |
| CN110672816A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-10 | 贵州师范大学 | Be suitable for open-air portable domatic soil erosion experimental apparatus in karst area |
| CN111650359A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-11 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Indoor soil erosion test tank device capable of adjusting temporary covering and blocking measures and test method thereof |
| CN111751517A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-09 | 长春工程学院 | Rainfall runoff test system based on fuzzy control multi-dimensional simulation natural wind condition |
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2018
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| CN102955024A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-03-06 | 北京师范大学 | Portable artificial rainfall simulation device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110568154A (en) * | 2019-08-25 | 2019-12-13 | 天津大学 | Method for evaluating influence of rainfall on slope erosion degree by utilizing simulated rainfall |
| CN110672816A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-10 | 贵州师范大学 | Be suitable for open-air portable domatic soil erosion experimental apparatus in karst area |
| CN111650359A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-11 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Indoor soil erosion test tank device capable of adjusting temporary covering and blocking measures and test method thereof |
| CN111650359B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2024-04-26 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Indoor soil erosion test groove device capable of adjusting temporary thatch cover and blocking measures and test method thereof |
| CN111751517A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-09 | 长春工程学院 | Rainfall runoff test system based on fuzzy control multi-dimensional simulation natural wind condition |
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Application publication date: 20190308 |