CN102590472A - Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor - Google Patents
Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102590472A CN102590472A CN2012100195373A CN201210019537A CN102590472A CN 102590472 A CN102590472 A CN 102590472A CN 2012100195373 A CN2012100195373 A CN 2012100195373A CN 201210019537 A CN201210019537 A CN 201210019537A CN 102590472 A CN102590472 A CN 102590472A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable dynamic soil erosion monitor comprising a runoff plot surrounded by an enclosing board on a tested sloping field, a simulation rainfall unit arranged above the runoff plot to simulate rainfall, a water supply unit connected with the simulation rainfall unit to provide water for the simulation rainfall unit, a water-sand measurement device connected with the runoff plot and used for metering water sand flowing out from the runoff plot, a power regulator connected with the simulation rainfall unit and the water supply unit and used for controlling the rainfall capacity and the water supply starting and stopping, and a micro process connected with the water-sand measurement device and used for analyzing water sand data measured by the water-sand measurement device to judge the state of soil erosion. The portable dynamic soil erosion monitor is assembled in segments and is detachable, occupies few area, and is easy to carry; the time spent in building the runoff plot is short, the simulation rainfall unit is convenient to install, the water sand data in the runoff plot can be acquired in real time, the soil erosion modulus are dynamically measured and calculated, the data are accurate, and the portable dynamic soil erosion monitor is wide in application and is suitable for dynamic monitoring of soil erosion amount in different areas as well as data analysis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the surveying instrument technical field, particularly relate to a kind of portable soil erosion dynamic monitor.
Background technology
Soil loss monitoring is one of main contents of ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING.Field Observing Facility/mostly there is big and small soil and water losses observation sub-district the field at present.For the open-air zone of not setting up the research station, the monitoring of its soil erosion need be built runoff plots and monitoring facilities again, has increased the monitoring cost and the loaded down with trivial details property of soil erosion, and is very consuming time.Simultaneously, the more natural rainfall condition that depends on, effectively dynamic monitoring, there is certain limitation in practicality, and monitoring result lacks continuity and ageing.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
The technical matters that the present invention will solve is how to realize that the fast simple of open-air regional soil loss monitoring build, and monitoring result accurately, reliable.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides a kind of portable soil erosion dynamic monitor, and it comprises: runoff plots, by coaming plate at slope to be tested on the ground around forming; The simulated rainfall unit is arranged on said runoff plots top, is used for simulated rainfall; The water supply unit links to each other with said simulated rainfall unit, for supplying water the simulated rainfall unit; The husky measurer of water links to each other with said runoff plots, and the water sand that runoff plots is flowed out measures; And power conditioner and microprocessor; Said power conditioner connects simulated rainfall unit and water supply unit; Control the rainfall amount size of simulated rainfall unit and the water supply start and stop of water supply unit respectively; Said microprocessor connects the husky measurer of said water, and the husky data of water that the husky measurer of water records are analyzed, and obtains the soil erosion state in tested hillside fields.
Wherein, said runoff plots is a quadrilateral, and used coaming plate comprises the corrosion resistant plate that is positioned at the upper reaches, slope to be tested ground and both sides, and the net frid that is positioned at downstream, slope to be tested ground.
Wherein, the bottom of said net frid and be positioned at the outside of said runoff plots is provided with collecting tray.
Wherein, said collecting tray links to each other through the husky measurer of mozzle and said water.
Wherein, said simulated rainfall unit comprises and is supported on ground column support, is arranged on said column cantilever tip and perpendicular rainfall cross bar; Said rainfall cross bar is provided with full-shape rainfall shower nozzle, and said full-shape rainfall shower nozzle is positioned at said runoff plots top.
Wherein, said column support and rainfall cross bar are the hollow tube that is connected, and said water supply unit links to each other with said column support bottom.
Wherein, said water supply unit comprises reserve tank and coupled water pump, and said water pump links to each other with said column support through water-supply-pipe.
Wherein, said reserve tank links to each other through water-supply-pipe with said water pump.
Wherein, removably connect between said column support and the rainfall cross bar.
Wherein, the corrosion resistant plate and the net that form said runoff plots removably connect between the frid.
(3) beneficial effect
The portable soil erosion dynamic monitor that technique scheme provided, miniaturization, segmentation assembling, detachable, scalable, it is little to take up room, and is easy to carry about with one; Runoff plots is built weak point consuming time, simulated rainfall unit simple installation, swift to operate; The husky automatic data collection of runoff plots tail water is handled, and directly measures and calculate soil erosion modulus, and data are accurate; Can be simultaneously to single or a plurality of runoff plots continuous monitorings, real time measure dynamically reads and stores data; Applied widely, can be under different underlying surface conditions such as soil property, native stone, vegetation covering, the soil erosion amount dynamic monitoring and the data analysis of all kinds of development & construction project disturbances ground table section.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the portable soil erosion dynamic monitor of the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, 1: reserve tank; 2: water pump; 3: the column support; 4: the rainfall cross bar; 5: full-shape rainfall shower nozzle; 6: corrosion resistant plate; 7: the net frid; 8: the husky measurer of water; 9: power conditioner; 10: microprocessor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, specific embodiments of the invention describes in further detail.Following examples are used to explain the present invention, but are not used for limiting scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the portable soil erosion dynamic monitor of present embodiment, and with reference to diagram, the dynamic monitor of present embodiment comprises following components.
Runoff plots, by coaming plate at slope to be tested on the ground around forming.Usually; Runoff plots is set to quadrilateral, need draw a circle to approve on the ground at selected place's slope to be tested, specifically utilizes corrosion resistant plate 6 to be arranged on the upper reaches in hillside fields and the both sides in selected hillside fields; Utilize net frid 7 to be arranged on the downstream in hillside fields, surround a pond groove structure thus in selected slope.Described corrosion resistant plate 6 and net removably connect between the frid 7, and in the bottom of net frid 7 and be positioned at the outside of said runoff plots, are provided with collecting tray (indicating among the figure), and collecting tray is used for the husky collection of water under the runoff plots soil erosion state.
The simulated rainfall unit is arranged on the runoff plots top, with simulated rainfall.Particularly, the simulated rainfall unit comprises and is supported on ground column support 3, is arranged on column support 3 tops and perpendicular rainfall cross bar 4, removably connects between column support 3 and the rainfall cross bar 4; Rainfall cross bar 4 is provided with full-shape rainfall shower nozzle 5, and full-shape rainfall shower nozzle 5 is positioned at the runoff plots top.Relevant with the simulated rainfall unit also have coupled water supply unit, for it provides rainfall used water source.The water supply unit comprises reserve tank 1 and coupled water pump 2, and water pump 2 is delivered to the rainfall simulation unit through water-supply-pipe with water, also links to each other through water-supply-pipe between reserve tank 1 and the water pump 2.Draw water in reserve tank 1 through water pump 2, deliver to the rainfall simulation unit through water-supply-pipe.The hollow tube that present embodiment preferably is set to column support 3 and rainfall cross bar 4 to be connected, the water-supply-pipe of being drawn by water pump 2 links to each other with column support 3 bottoms.
The husky measurer 8 of water links to each other with the collecting tray of runoff plots through mozzle, and the water sand that collecting tray is collected is guided to the husky measurer 8 of water, and the husky measurer 8 of water is selected rain gage bucket and digital balance usually for use, so that water sand is measured.
Power conditioner 9 and microprocessor 10, power conditioner 9 connects simulated rainfall unit and water supply unit, controls the rainfall amount size of simulated rainfall unit and the water supply start and stop of water supply unit respectively; Microprocessor connects the husky measurer 8 of water, and the husky data of water that the husky measurer 8 of water records are analyzed, and obtains the soil erosion state in tested hillside fields.Be provided with rainfall adjusting, the husky data acquisition of water and erosion modulus operational analysis software in the microprocessor 10, the rainfall in the microprocessor 10 is regulated 9 work of software control power conditioner.
When using the dynamic monitor of present embodiment to carry out a certain regional soil erosion to analyze; At first assign into corrosion resistant plate 6 and net frid 7 to be measured domatic; Forming runoff plots, and collecting tray is arranged on orientation, runoff plots downstream, in the husky outlet of collecting tray water rain gage bucket and automatic digital balance is set then; Balance covers with polybag, prevents that into the water influence is used; Build simulated rainfall unit and water supply unit then; Whole current begin to be pumped to water pump 2 by reserve tank 1; Deliver to rainfall support and full-shape rainfall shower nozzle 5 again by water pump 2 then; Water pump 2 to reserve tank 1 all is that water-supply-pipe is connected with the rainfall support, and the column support 3 that forms the rainfall support is stainless-steel tube with rainfall cross bar 4, is connected fast by snap ring.
The power supply that the present embodiment dynamic monitor uses is direct-flow storage battery, is connected to microprocessor 10 through power conditioner 9 and oppositely controls, through changing Control of Voltage water pump 2 conveyances power of water.
Before implementing soil loss monitoring, need the rainfall intensity of given this monitoring,, measure the soil erosion situation under this raininess condition, make experiment have more practical significance so that simulate the higher natural precipitation of local occurrence frequency.Usually according to voltage-raininess relation curve of having measured, by the combine rainfall amount size of control rainfall simulation unit of microprocessor 10 and power conditioner 9.
Particularly; Find the corresponding voltage of monitoring raininess according to the voltage-raininess relation curve of calibration; Open electronic balance and zero clearing then, adopt microprocessor 10 to transfer to the required voltage value, treat that power conditioner 9 voltages begin instrumentation after stable; Till obtaining the monitoring target soil erosion modulus, it is powered-down that monitoring experiment finishes.
The robotization control of the portable soil erosion dynamic monitor of present embodiment mainly comprises husky automatic data collection software of water and voltage stabilizing speed governing software; The husky automatic data collection software of water can be sent to the husky weight of the water of accepting on the digital electric scale on the microprocessor 10 in real time; Form the form that comprises real time data and rain time then; And preserve into the excel form, for data operation provides foundation with reaching a conclusion; Voltage stabilizing speed governing software major function is through microprocessor 10 the regulation voltage size that is directed against to be arranged; Reach the rainfall intensity that needs; Study the soil erosion situation under the specific rainfall intensity, therefore, can obtain different raininess through continuous change voltage easily; Under the simulating nature condition of raining, the soil erosion situation that different rainfalls cause; Dynamic monitor robotization control section has been realized computation, and the sum of errors that has reduced the manual adjusting device of experimenter is numerous and diverse, and is convenient and simple, and data science is accurate simultaneously, and conventional efficient is high.
The water sand that runoff plots is lost is caused the husky measurer 8 of water through net frid 7 and collecting tray; The weight of the husky measurer 8 of water constantly is transferred on the microprocessor 10 through the electronic scales of automatic data collection; Then through the formula that presets on the microprocessor 10 operational analysis softwares obtain soil erosion modulus and rainfall duration curve; When curve tends towards stability, no longer fluctuate, the data that obtain this moment are the soil erosion modulus of experiment sub-district under known raininess.
When using the detector of present embodiment, should be noted that following situation: this detector needs under calm or little general mood is waited, to use; Observation process needs to require to carry out the on-site real-time monitoring with operation in order; Water-supply-pipe and rainfall support pipe fitting need fill up unsintered tape, tighten with snap ring, prevent to leak; Need elder generation with the side pipe fills with water before the water pump pump head is partly monitored, play the effect of drainage; Need dismantle equipment and instrument in order after each monitoring uses, clean out equipment mud, prolong service life of equipment, rationally sort out storage; Each field monitoring data are properly stored and keeping, be convenient to the later stage comparative analysis.
Under the different underlying surface condition under the portable soil erosion dynamic monitor of present embodiment is waited applicable to calm or little general mood; The soil erosion amount dynamic monitoring and the data analysis of all kinds of development & construction project disturbances ground table section; Serve water and soil conservation each item field monitoring monitor task well; Be convenient to the water and soil conservation personnel and carry out real-time monitoring supervision, improve water and soil conservation monitoring supervision work efficient.
Can find out by above embodiment, embodiment of the invention miniaturization, segmentation assembling, detachable, scalable, it is little to take up room, and is easy to carry about with one; Runoff plots is built weak point consuming time, simulated rainfall unit simple installation, swift to operate; The husky automatic data collection of runoff plots tail water is handled, and directly measures and calculate soil erosion modulus, and data are accurate; Can be simultaneously to single or a plurality of runoff plots continuous monitorings, real time measure dynamically reads and stores data; Applied widely, can be under different underlying surface conditions such as soil property, native stone, vegetation covering, the soil erosion amount dynamic monitoring and the data analysis of all kinds of development & construction project disturbances ground table section.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from know-why of the present invention; Can also make some improvement and replacement, these improvement and replacement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a portable soil erosion dynamic monitor is characterized in that, comprising: runoff plots, by coaming plate at slope to be tested on the ground around forming; The simulated rainfall unit is arranged on said runoff plots top, is used for simulated rainfall; The water supply unit links to each other with said simulated rainfall unit, for supplying water the simulated rainfall unit; The husky measurer of water links to each other with said runoff plots, and the water sand that runoff plots is flowed out measures; And power conditioner and microprocessor; Said power conditioner connects simulated rainfall unit and water supply unit; Control the rainfall amount size of simulated rainfall unit and the water supply start and stop of water supply unit respectively; Said microprocessor connects the husky measurer of said water, and the husky data of water that the husky measurer of water records are analyzed, and obtains the soil erosion state in tested hillside fields.
2. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said runoff plots is a quadrilateral, and used coaming plate comprises the corrosion resistant plate that is positioned at the upper reaches, slope to be tested ground and both sides, and the net frid that is positioned at downstream, slope to be tested ground.
3. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the bottom of said net frid and be positioned at the outside of said runoff plots is provided with collecting tray.
4. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, said collecting tray links to each other through the husky measurer of mozzle and said water.
5. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said simulated rainfall unit comprises and is supported on ground column support, is arranged on said column cantilever tip and perpendicular rainfall cross bar; Said rainfall cross bar is provided with full-shape rainfall shower nozzle, and said full-shape rainfall shower nozzle is positioned at said runoff plots top.
6. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that said column support and rainfall cross bar are the hollow tube that is connected, and said water supply unit links to each other with said column support bottom.
7. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that said water supply unit comprises reserve tank and coupled water pump, and said water pump links to each other with said column support through water-supply-pipe.
8. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that said reserve tank links to each other through water-supply-pipe with said water pump.
9. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, removably connects between said column support and the rainfall cross bar.
10. portable soil erosion dynamic monitor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, forms the corrosion resistant plate of said runoff plots and net between the frid to removably connect.
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| CN201210019537.3A CN102590472B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor |
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| CN201210019537.3A CN102590472B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor |
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