CN102590472B - Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor - Google Patents
Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102590472B CN102590472B CN201210019537.3A CN201210019537A CN102590472B CN 102590472 B CN102590472 B CN 102590472B CN 201210019537 A CN201210019537 A CN 201210019537A CN 102590472 B CN102590472 B CN 102590472B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable dynamic soil erosion monitor comprising a runoff plot surrounded by an enclosing board on a tested sloping field, a simulation rainfall unit arranged above the runoff plot to simulate rainfall, a water supply unit connected with the simulation rainfall unit to provide water for the simulation rainfall unit, a water-sand measurement device connected with the runoff plot and used for metering water sand flowing out from the runoff plot, a power regulator connected with the simulation rainfall unit and the water supply unit and used for controlling the rainfall capacity and the water supply starting and stopping, and a micro process connected with the water-sand measurement device and used for analyzing water sand data measured by the water-sand measurement device to judge the state of soil erosion. The portable dynamic soil erosion monitor is assembled in segments and is detachable, occupies few area, and is easy to carry; the time spent in building the runoff plot is short, the simulation rainfall unit is convenient to install, the water sand data in the runoff plot can be acquired in real time, the soil erosion modulus are dynamically measured and calculated, the data are accurate, and the portable dynamic soil erosion monitor is wide in application and is suitable for dynamic monitoring of soil erosion amount in different areas as well as data analysis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measuring instrument technical field, particularly relate to a kind of Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor.
Background technology
Soil loss monitoring is one of main contents of ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING.Mostly there is big and small soil and water losses observation community current Field Observing Facility/field.For not setting up the wilderness areas of observation station, the monitoring of its soil erosion needs again to build runoff plots and monitoring facilities, adds monitoring cost and the triviality of soil erosion, very consuming time.Meanwhile, morely depend on natural rainfall condition, cannot effectively dynamic monitoring, there is certain limitation in practicality, monitoring result lacks continuity and ageing.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention how to realize the fast simple of wilderness areas soil loss monitoring to build, and monitoring result accurately, reliably.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor, it comprises: runoff plots, by coaming plate at slope to be tested on the ground around being formed; Simulated rainfall unit, is arranged on above described runoff plots, for simulated rainfall; Water supplying unit, is connected with described simulated rainfall unit, for simulated rainfall unit supplies water; The husky measurer of water, is connected with described runoff plots, measures the water sand that runoff plots is flowed out; And power conditioner and microprocessor, described power conditioner connecting analog rainfall unit and water supplying unit, the rainfall size of control simulation rainfall unit and the water supply start and stop of water supplying unit respectively, described microprocessor connects the husky measurer of described water, to the husky data analysis of water that the husky measurer of water records, obtain the soil erosion state in tested hillside fields.
Wherein, described runoff plots is quadrangle, and coaming plate used comprises the corrosion resistant plate being positioned at slope to be tested upstream, ground and both sides, and is positioned at the net frid in downstream, slope to be tested ground.
Wherein, the bottom of described net frid and be positioned at the outside of described runoff plots, is provided with collecting tray.
Wherein, described collecting tray is connected by the husky measurer of mozzle and described water.
Wherein, described simulated rainfall unit comprises and is supported on ground column support, is arranged on described column support top and perpendicular rainfall cross bar; Described rainfall cross bar is provided with full-shape rainfall shower nozzle, described full-shape rainfall shower nozzle is positioned at above described runoff plots.
Wherein, described column support and rainfall cross bar are the hollow tube be connected, and described water supplying unit is connected with described column support bottom.
Wherein, described water supplying unit comprises storage tank and coupled water pump, and described water pump is connected with described column support by water-supply-pipe.
Wherein, described storage tank is connected by water-supply-pipe with described water pump.
Wherein, removably connect between described column support and rainfall cross bar.
Wherein, formed between the corrosion resistant plate of described runoff plots and net frid and removably connect.
(3) beneficial effect
The Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor that technique scheme provides, miniaturized, sectional, detachable, adjustable, take up room little, be easy to carry about with one; Runoff plots is built consuming time short, and simulated rainfall cellular installation is easy, swift to operate; The husky automatic data collection process of runoff plots downstream water, directly measure and calculate soil erosion modulus, data are accurate; Can monitor continuously single or multiple runoff plots, real time measure simultaneously, dynamically read and store data; Applied widely, under the different underlying surface conditions such as soil property, native stone, vegetative coverage can be widely used in, the soil erosion amount dynamic monitoring of all kinds of development construction item disturbance earth surface area and data analysis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1: storage tank; 2: water pump; 3: column support; 4: rainfall cross bar; 5: full-shape rainfall shower nozzle; 6: corrosion resistant plate; 7: net frid; 8: the husky measurer of water; 9: power conditioner; 10: microprocessor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor of the present embodiment, and with reference to diagram, the dynamic monitor of the present embodiment comprises following components.
Runoff plots, by coaming plate at slope to be tested on the ground around being formed.Usually, runoff plots is set to quadrangle, needs in selected place's slope to be tested delineation on the ground, specifically utilize corrosion resistant plate 6 be arranged on hillside fields upstream and the both sides in selected hillside fields, utilize net frid 7 to be arranged on the downstream in hillside fields, surround a pond groove structure in selected slope thus.Removably connect between described corrosion resistant plate 6 and net frid 7, and be positioned at the outside of described runoff plots in the bottom of net frid 7, be provided with collecting tray (not indicating in figure), collecting tray to be used for the collection of water sand under the water and soil attrition status of runoff plots.
Simulated rainfall unit, is arranged on above runoff plots, with simulated rainfall.Particularly, simulated rainfall unit comprises and is supported on ground column support 3, is arranged on column support 3 top and perpendicular rainfall cross bar 4, removably connects between column support 3 and rainfall cross bar 4; Rainfall cross bar 4 is provided with full-shape rainfall shower nozzle 5, full-shape rainfall shower nozzle 5 is positioned at above runoff plots.Relevant to simulated rainfall unit also has coupled water supplying unit, for it provides rainfall water source used.Water supplying unit comprises storage tank 1 and coupled water pump 2, and water is delivered to rainfall simulation unit by water-supply-pipe by water pump 2, is also connected by water-supply-pipe between storage tank 1 with water pump 2.Drawn water in storage tank 1 by water pump 2, deliver to rainfall simulation unit by water-supply-pipe.Column support 3 and rainfall cross bar 4 are preferably set to the hollow tube be connected by the present embodiment, and the water-supply-pipe of being drawn by water pump 2 is connected with column support 3 bottom.
The husky measurer 8 of water, is connected with the collecting tray of runoff plots by mozzle, the water sand that collecting tray is collected is guided to the husky measurer 8 of water, and the husky measurer 8 of water selects rain gage bucket and digital balance, usually to measure water sand.
Power conditioner 9 and microprocessor 10, power conditioner 9 connecting analog rainfall unit and water supplying unit, respectively the rainfall size of control simulation rainfall unit and the water supply start and stop of water supplying unit; Microprocessor connects the husky measurer 8 of water, to the husky data analysis of water that the husky measurer 8 of water records, obtains the soil erosion state in tested hillside fields.Be provided with rainfall adjustment, the husky data acquisition of water and erosion modulus operational analysis software in microprocessor 10, the rainfall in microprocessor 10 regulates software control power conditioner 9 to work.
When using the dynamic monitor of the present embodiment to carry out the analysis of a certain Regional Erosion, first corrosion resistant plate 6 and net frid 7 are assigned into be measured domatic, to form runoff plots, and collecting tray is arranged on orientation, downstream, runoff plots, then rain gage bucket and automatic digital balance are set in the outlet of collecting tray water sand, balance polybag covers, and prevents from using into water impact; Then simulated rainfall unit and water supplying unit is built, whole current are pumped to water pump 2 by storage tank 1, then rainfall support and full-shape rainfall shower nozzle 5 is delivered to again by water pump 2, water pump 2 to storage tank 1 and rainfall support are all that water-supply-pipe is connected, the column support 3 and the rainfall cross bar 4 that form rainfall support are stainless steel tube, are connected fast by snap ring.
The power supply that the present embodiment dynamic monitor uses is direct-flow storage battery, is connected to microprocessor 10 carries out Reverse Turning Control by power conditioner 9, by changing Control of Voltage water pump 2 conveyance power of water.
Before implementing soil loss monitoring, need the rainfall intensity of this monitoring given, to simulate the higher natural precipitation of local occurrence frequency, measure the soil erosion situation under this raininess condition, make experiment have more practical significance.The voltage that usual basis has measured-raininess relation curve, is combined by microprocessor 10 and power conditioner 9 and controls the rainfall size of rainfall simulation unit.
Particularly, voltage corresponding to monitoring raininess is found according to the voltage-raininess relation curve of calibration, then open electronic balance and reset, microprocessor 10 is adopted to be adjusted to required voltage value, measurement is started after power conditioner 9 voltage stabilization, till obtaining monitoring target soil erosion modulus, monitoring experiment terminates i.e. powered-down.
The Automated condtrol of the present embodiment Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor mainly comprises the husky automatic data collection software of water and voltage stabilizing speed governing software, husky for the water that digital electric scale is accepted weight can be sent on microprocessor 10 by water husky automatic data collection software in real time, then the form comprising real time data and rain time is formed, and preserve into excel form, for data operation provides foundation with reaching a conclusion; Voltage stabilizing speed governing software major function be by microprocessor 10 have for regulation voltage size, reach the rainfall intensity of needs, study the soil erosion situation under specific rainfall intensity, therefore, different raininess can be obtained easily by constantly changing voltage, under simulating nature condition of raining, the soil erosion situation that different rainfall causes; Dynamic monitor Automated condtrol part achieves computation, and decrease the error of the manual adjusting device of experimenter and numerous and diverse, convenient and simple, data science is accurate simultaneously, and conventional efficient is high.
The water that runoff plots is lost is husky is directed to the husky measurer 8 of water by net frid 7 and collecting tray, the weight of the husky measurer 8 of water is constantly transferred on microprocessor 10 by the electronic scale of automatic data collection, then the formula by microprocessor 10 operational analysis software presets obtain soil erosion modulus and rainfall duration curve, when curve tends towards stability, no longer fluctuate, the data now obtained are the soil erosion modulus of hillslope processes under known raininess.
When using the detector of the present embodiment, should be noted that following situation: this detector need use under calm or little general mood is waited; Observation process needs to carry out real time monitoring with operation requirements in order; Water-supply-pipe and rainfall support pipe fitting need pad unsintered tape, tighten, prevent from leaking with snap ring; Need first side pipe to be filled water before the monitoring of Water pump head part, play the effect of drainage; Each monitoring uses rear needs detaching equipment instrument in order, cleans out equipment mud, extension device service life, rationally sorts out storage; Each field monitoring data are properly stored and keeping, is convenient to later stage comparative analysis.
Under the present embodiment Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor is applicable to the different underlying surface condition under calm or little general mood time, the soil erosion amount dynamic monitoring of all kinds of development construction item disturbance earth surface area and data analysis, serve the every field monitoring monitor task of water and soil conservation well, be convenient to water and soil conservation personnel and carry out Real-Time Monitoring supervision, improve water and soil conservation value supervision work efficiency.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the embodiment of the present invention is miniaturized, sectional, detachable, adjustable, takes up room little, is easy to carry about with one; Runoff plots is built consuming time short, and simulated rainfall cellular installation is easy, swift to operate; The husky automatic data collection process of runoff plots downstream water, directly measure and calculate soil erosion modulus, data are accurate; Can monitor continuously single or multiple runoff plots, real time measure simultaneously, dynamically read and store data; Applied widely, under the different underlying surface conditions such as soil property, native stone, vegetative coverage can be widely used in, the soil erosion amount dynamic monitoring of all kinds of development construction item disturbance earth surface area and data analysis.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and replacement, these improve and replace and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor, is characterized in that, comprising:
Runoff plots, by coaming plate at slope to be tested on the ground around being formed;
Simulated rainfall unit, is arranged on above described runoff plots, for simulated rainfall;
Water supplying unit, is connected with described simulated rainfall unit, for simulated rainfall unit supplies water;
The husky measurer of water, is connected with described runoff plots, measures the water sand that described runoff plots is flowed out, and the husky measurer of described water comprises rain gage bucket and digital electric scale, and described rain gage bucket is connected with described runoff plots by mozzle;
Power conditioner, connects described simulated rainfall unit and described water supplying unit, controls the rainfall size of described simulated rainfall unit and the water supply start and stop of described water supplying unit respectively;
Microprocessor, connect the husky measurer of described water and described power conditioner, rainfall is established to regulate the husky data acquisition software of software, water and operational analysis software in described microprocessor, described rainfall regulates software for controlling described power conditioner, with the size of control simulation rainfall, the husky data acquisition software of described water is for gathering and storing the weight of the water sand that described digital electric scale weighs, and described operational analysis software is used for the curve obtaining soil erosion modulus and rainfall duration according to rain time and the husky weight of water that collects.
2. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described runoff plots is quadrangle, and coaming plate used comprises the corrosion resistant plate being positioned at slope to be tested upstream, ground and both sides, and is positioned at the net frid in downstream, slope to be tested ground.
3. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the bottom of described net frid and be positioned at the outside of described runoff plots, is provided with collecting tray.
4. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described collecting tray is connected by the husky measurer of mozzle and described water.
5. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described simulated rainfall unit comprises and is supported on ground column support, is arranged on described column support top and perpendicular rainfall cross bar; Described rainfall cross bar is provided with full-shape rainfall shower nozzle, described full-shape rainfall shower nozzle is positioned at above described runoff plots.
6. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described column support and rainfall cross bar are the hollow tube be connected, and described water supplying unit is connected with described column support bottom.
7. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described water supplying unit comprises storage tank and coupled water pump, and described water pump is connected with described column support by water-supply-pipe.
8. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described storage tank is connected by water-supply-pipe with described water pump.
9. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, removably connect between described column support and rainfall cross bar.
10. Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, formed between the corrosion resistant plate of described runoff plots and net frid and removably connect.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210019537.3A CN102590472B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor |
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| CN201210019537.3A CN102590472B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Portable dynamic soil erosion monitor |
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| CN102590472A CN102590472A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| CN102590472B true CN102590472B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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