CN103760623B - Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system - Google Patents
Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103760623B CN103760623B CN201310192468.0A CN201310192468A CN103760623B CN 103760623 B CN103760623 B CN 103760623B CN 201310192468 A CN201310192468 A CN 201310192468A CN 103760623 B CN103760623 B CN 103760623B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, including evaporation tub, it is provided with Water level measuring sensor in described evaporation tub, described Water level measuring sensor is electrically connected with its monitor of continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval of control, and described monitor has also been electrically connected with pluviometer, small pump；Described small pump is connected to moisturizing bucket by inlet channel, and is connected with described evaporation tub by outlet conduit。The present invention can divide the different periods data to collecting to carry out SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend analysis, and according to the SEA LEVEL VARIATION Trend judgement weather conditions analyzed, then select the computing formula of evaporation capacity in various situation to calculate the evaporation capacity of correspondence, improve certainty of measurement；And the change and waterlevel data digital filtering owing to having made water table trend processes, so also can realize the normal measurement of evaporation capacity under various weather conditions without wave resistance well, simplify system structure, decrease construction volume and monitoring system cost。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of auto monitoring and measurement system measuring water surface evaporation by detecting water surface elevation variable quantity。
Background technology
Water surface evaporation is the important indicator of China's hydrographic water resource, meteorological observation, and the definition of water surface evaporation is: the earth standard water plane is without stormy waves Water Under position falling head value and evaporation capacity。The number of evaporation capacity directly influences growth and the harvest of crops。China has promulgated National Standard of the People's Republic of China " evaporation from water surface device " (GB/T21327-2007)。Current China Hydrology department monitoring evaporation capacity is essentially relying on the hydrometric station of Attended mode and adopts artificial method early 8 measurement height of water level variable quantities every day, spillway discharge, rate of water make-up also carrys out synthetic evaporation capacity from pluviometer reading rainfall as the rainfall etc. in evaporation tub, few places also establishes evaporation capacity measuring station, but water surface elevation is monitored the impact of process by existing measuring station in order to get rid of stormy waves, establish the wave resistance well (having another name called stilling well) connected with evaporation tub, Water level measuring sensor is arranged in wave resistance well and carries out level measuring, civil engineering excavation is just needed to bury communicating pipe and electrodynamic valve etc. underground between wave resistance well and evaporation tub, so considerably increase civil engineering amount and the complexity of system design, also the integrity problem of longtime running and being significantly increased of cost are brought。
Running into burst rainfall, when evaporation tub can not load rainfall, arise that overflow, original technology to calculate evaporation capacity and be necessary for accurately measuring the water yield overflowed in rainfall and evaporation tub, automatic accurate spillway discharge of measuring to be relatively difficult in the wild, to increase overflow measurement apparatus, the integrity problem thus bringing measurement also greatly increases the cost of monitoring automatically。The pluviometer increased also requires that it is high-precision rain gauge, and be not equally distributed in big rainfall on the ground, rainfall in pluviometer has bigger error as the actual rainfall in evaporation tub, evaporation capacity the evaporation capacity of duration of raining with without duration of raining combines the evaporation capacity calculating every day, exist for rainfall measurement error and directly translate into evaporation capacity error, and rainfall is generally far larger than evaporation capacity, its error brought be can not ignore and disregarded。
Do not rain when for a long time, moisturizing it is accomplished by evaporation tub, this is accomplished by calculating the rate of water make-up injected in evaporation tub, if height of water level variable quantity, rainfall, rate of water make-up, spillway discharge or water withdrawal adopt artificial mode promptly and accurately to measure every day in above parameter and evaporation tub, those monitoring personnel needing specialty measure, affect each factor measuring parameter accuracy also a lot, the spending of its each side is also very huge, monitors, for unattended auto-telemetering evaporation from water surface, the product that system has just become various places hydrographic water resource, meteorological departments to be badly in need of。
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, the different periods data to collecting can be divided to carry out SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend analysis, and according to the SEA LEVEL VARIATION Trend judgement weather conditions analyzed, then select the computing formula of evaporation capacity in various situation to calculate the evaporation capacity of correspondence, improve certainty of measurement；And owing to having made the change of water table trend, so being also avoided that when water level is unstable without wave resistance well to have when stormy waves and calculating evaporation capacity, thus reducing measurement error, reducing construction volume and cost, simplied system structure。
The technical scheme is that a kind of Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, including evaporation tub, it is provided with Water level measuring sensor in described evaporation tub, described Water level measuring sensor is electrically connected with its monitor of continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval of control, and described monitor has also been electrically connected with pluviometer, small pump；Described small pump is connected to moisturizing bucket by inlet channel, and is connected with described evaporation tub by outlet conduit。
In technique scheme, Water level measuring sensor is directly arranged in evaporation tub, it is not necessary to build wave resistance well；Owing to monitor controlling water level measures sensor continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval, the data of the data collected Yu a upper period can be compared by monitor, SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend is drawn thus analyzing, carry out digital filtering process and draw water level variable, simultaneously according to SEA LEVEL VARIATION Trend judgement weather conditions, then the computing formula of evaporation capacity in various situation is selected to calculate the evaporation capacity of correspondence, if judgement does not go out water level variation tendency in certain time interval, explanation has stormy waves, then wouldn't carry out digital filtering process and also not be evaporated gauge calculation。But traditional monitoring system must rely on wave resistance well, electrodynamic valve etc. could evaporation capacity be measured, causing system design complexity, civil engineering amount is big, and construction cost is high。
Further, the main frame that it is core with single-chip microcomputer that described monitor is provided with, described main frame is electrically connected with wireless communication module, and described wireless communication module is electrically connected with antenna, and described aerial network is connected to Monitoring Service device；Described single-chip microcomputer is 51 series monolithics；Described wireless communication module is GPRS/GSM communication module；Described Water level measuring sensor is high accuracy magnetostriction Water level measuring sensor。The program of writable judgement SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend in single-chip microcomputer, wireless communication module is in order to realize remotely monitoring and data sharing, and high accuracy magnetostriction Water level measuring sensor precision is high, is beneficial to raising certainty of measurement。
Further, described monitor includes cabinet and cabinet stand, and described enclosure top is provided with solar panel, is provided with the charge controller, the accumulator that are electrically connected with described solar panel in described cabinet。Adopt solar powered, continual power supply can be provided for whole monitoring system, it is ensured that whole system normal operation all the year round。
Further, described main frame, wireless communication module are all located in cabinet, and described main frame has been electrically connected with LCDs and keyboard。Realize visualized operation, intuitively simplicity。
Further, described evaporation tub is provided with the spill pipe near bung, and described spill pipe is connected with hydrosphere。Spill pipe can play guide functions when overflow, can flow directly in hydrosphere。
Further, the water inlet of described inlet channel is provided with drainage screen。Impurity screening, it is to avoid the impurity abrasion to small pump。
Further, described moisturizing bucket is provided with bung, and small pump is arranged on moisturizing bucket top。Bung can reduce moisturizing inner bucket water and divide evaporation, small pump to have cover to cover, and is avoided that what expose to the sun and rain wrecks, moreover it is possible to reduce floor space, simplied system structure。
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings。
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the system block diagram of the present invention。
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing。
A kind of Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, as shown in Figure 1, including evaporation tub 1, it is provided with Water level measuring sensor 2 in described evaporation tub 1, described Water level measuring sensor 2 is electrically connected with the monitor 3 controlling its continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval, and described monitor 3 has also been electrically connected with pluviometer 4, small pump 5；Described small pump 5 is connected to moisturizing bucket 51 by inlet channel, and is connected with described evaporation tub 1 by outlet conduit。
Monitor 3 controlling water level is measured sensor 2 and is just carried out waterlevel data collection at interval of a period of time, and the mass data in the continuous acquisition unit interval, and judge SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend by internal program analysis: when the waterlevel data in a certain unit interval section compares with the waterlevel data in a upper unit interval section, discovery numerical value reduces, explanation water level is on a declining curve, then the waterlevel data measured continuously is carried out digital filtering process, calculate water absolute slippage (water absolute slippage refers to the existing water level place height to overflow line), namely this water absolute slippage deducts last time confirmed water absolute slippage is relative water level decreasing amount in this period (being called for short water level decreasing amount) the water absolute slippage recording this；If analyzing and judging that water level is in rising trend, illustrate in rainfall, do digital filtering equally and process, draw water level rise amount (opposite number of water level decreasing amount) and record this water absolute slippage, and gathering udometric rainfall simultaneously；If monitor internal processes can not judge water level variation tendency according to the waterlevel data collected, stormy waves is described, has waited that subsequent period measures analysis again and judges。
When in evaporation tub moisture constantly evaporate, water level constantly decline time, when Water level measuring sensor 2 detects that water level decreasing arrives moisturizing line, monitor 3 controls small pump 5 and starts moisturizing in evaporation tub 1, until water level stops when reaching the height set, measuring sensor 2 in moisturizing process middle water level and still carry out the Real-time Collection of waterlevel data, monitor controller calculates rate of water make-up according to the height of water level before and after moisturizing and records。
When rainfall, evaporation tub is it may happen that overflow phenomena, now start to rainfall when terminating to be essentially identical to spillway discharge from overflow, monitor 3 calculates the rainfall during overflow according to the rainfall gathering the water level that collects of Water level measuring sensor 2 and pluviometer 4 collects, thus indirectly achieving the measurement of spillway discharge。
The evaporation capacity computing formula of program is given below:
In time without rainfall, evaporation capacity computing formula was as follows:
Evaporation capacity=water level decreasing amount+rate of water make-up
In formula, rate of water make-up is be more than or equal to 0, and unit is millimeter；Water level decreasing height has positive and negative, for just representing water level decreasing, rises for water level after negative indication moisturizing, and unit is millimeter。
During rainfall, evaporation capacity computing formula is as follows:
Evaporation capacity=rainfall-spillway discharge-water level rise amount+rate of water make-up
When overflow, water level rise amount is 0, and rate of water make-up is 0。
When not having overflow, spillway discharge is 0, evaporation capacity=rainfall-water level rise amount+rate of water make-up；
In above formula, unit is all millimeter。
In sum, this Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, first pass through the judgement of SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend, analyze ambient weather conditions, then point situation selects corresponding computing formula to be calculated, it is achieved that the evaporation capacity of various weather conditions calculates。During due to rainfall, rainfall error is bigger on the impact of evaporation capacity certainty of measurement, prior art combines measurement the evaporation capacity measurement of duration of raining and the evaporation capacity measurement without duration of raining, the evaporation capacity without duration of raining will be brought by the evaporation capacity error of duration of raining, it is not easy to the rejecting of the evaporation capacity gross error brought due to rainfall, such as, among one day, the evaporation capacity without duration of raining is 1mm, the evaporation capacity of duration of raining is-2mm, so calculating the total evaporation capacity of whole day according to measuring method of the prior art is-1mm, namely represents not evaporation；But, in fact total evaporation capacity should be 1mm, and the Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system of the present invention is owing to can be evaporated measurement at times, when measuring duration of raining evaporation capacity for bearing, automatically this section of evaporation capacity is remembered zero, thus realizing the rejecting of evaporation capacity gross error rainfall brought。
Further, as in figure 2 it is shown, described monitor 3 is provided with the main frame being core with single-chip microcomputer, described main frame is electrically connected with wireless communication module, and described wireless communication module is electrically connected with antenna, and described aerial network is connected to Monitoring Service device；Described single-chip microcomputer is 51 series monolithics；Described wireless communication module is GPRS/GSM communication module；Described Water level measuring sensor 2 is high accuracy magnetostriction Water level measuring sensor。Monitor 3 is by the collection of host computer control data, process and storage, wireless communication module can read the data of main frame storage, and upload to Monitoring Service device through aerial network, Monitoring Service device is signed in by client terminal for the client authorized, check and download the hydrologic monitoring data such as evaporation capacity, rainfall, it is also possible to input instruction by client terminal and carry out remote control monitor。
Further, described monitor 3 includes cabinet and cabinet stand, and described enclosure top is provided with solar panel, is provided with the charge controller, the accumulator that are electrically connected with described solar panel in described cabinet。Described main frame, wireless communication module and antenna are all located in cabinet, and described main frame has been electrically connected with LCDs and keyboard。Charge controller can control solar panel and automatically accumulator be charged, thus powering for main frame and whole system, owing to utilizing solar energy as primary energy, is particularly suitable for the hydrologic monitoring system of field work。
Further, described evaporation tub 1 is provided with the spill pipe 11 near bung, and described spill pipe 11 is connected with hydrosphere 12。The water inlet of described inlet channel is provided with drainage screen 52。Described moisturizing bucket 51 is provided with bung, is provided with the dividing plate supporting described small pump 5 in moisturizing bucket 51, and described dividing plate is arranged on moisturizing bucket 51 top。
The technical scheme above embodiment of the present invention provided is described in detail, principle and the embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention are set forth by specific case used herein, and the explanation of above example is only applicable to help to understand the principle of the embodiment of the present invention；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, all will change in detailed description of the invention and range of application, in sum, this specification content should not be construed as limitation of the present invention。
Claims (7)
1. a Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, including evaporation tub, it is characterized in that: in described evaporation tub, be provided with Water level measuring sensor, described Water level measuring sensor is electrically connected with its monitor of continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval of control, described monitor controlling water level measures sensor continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval, and the data of the data collected Yu a upper period are compared, SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend is drawn thus analyzing, if can not judging water level variation tendency, wait that subsequent period measures analysis again and judges, described monitor has also been electrically connected with pluviometer, small pump, the rainfall that described monitor is additionally operable to according to gathering the water level that collects of Water level measuring sensor and pluviometer collects calculates the rainfall during overflow, indirectly to measure the spillway discharge that rainfall produces；Described small pump is connected to moisturizing bucket by inlet channel, and is connected with described evaporation tub by outlet conduit。
2. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity according to claim 1 monitoring system, it is characterized in that: the main frame that it is core with single-chip microcomputer that described monitor is provided with, described main frame is electrically connected with wireless communication module, described wireless communication module is electrically connected with antenna, and described aerial network is connected to Monitoring Service device；Described single-chip microcomputer is 51 series monolithics；Described wireless communication module is GPRS/GSM communication module；Described Water level measuring sensor is high accuracy magnetostriction Water level measuring sensor。
3. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity according to claim 2 monitoring system, it is characterized in that: described monitor includes cabinet and cabinet stand, described enclosure top is provided with solar panel, is provided with the charge controller, the accumulator that are electrically connected with described solar panel in described cabinet。
4. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity according to claim 3 monitoring system, it is characterised in that: described main frame, wireless communication module are all located in cabinet, and described main frame has been electrically connected with LCDs and keyboard。
5. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity according to claim 1 monitoring system, it is characterised in that: described evaporation tub is provided with the spill pipe near bung, and described spill pipe is connected with hydrosphere。
6. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity according to claim 1 monitoring system, it is characterised in that: the water inlet of described inlet channel is provided with drainage screen。
7. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity according to claim 1 monitoring system, it is characterised in that: described moisturizing bucket is provided with bung, and small pump is arranged on moisturizing bucket top。
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| CN103760623B true CN103760623B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105987858B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-01-18 | 浙江省水文局 | A kind of automatic real-time online evaporation measuring device |
| CN106442206B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-01-01 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | A kind of evaporation from water surface apparatus for automatically measuring for eliminating Rainfall Influence |
| CN106443836A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | Liquid level meter type rain gauge |
| CN107037503B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2023-06-27 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | Water surface evaporation measuring device and system |
| CN107158726B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-07-02 | 成都汉维斯科技有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic evaporation station |
| CN108490504A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-04 | 新疆大学 | Water surface evaporation automatic metering controller |
| CN111795733A (en) * | 2019-09-07 | 2020-10-20 | 孙中一 | Evaporation sensor |
| CN111044124A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-21 | 西藏农牧学院 | Water surface evaporation amount monitoring system and method |
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| CN101000380A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-18 | 王学永 | Photoelectric induction type automatic electronic integral measuring instrument for precipatation evaporation |
| CN101236260A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-08-06 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Evaporation based irrigation prealarming device and its operation method |
| CN101706590A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-05-12 | 河海大学 | Automatic evaporation station with three tipping buckets |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101000380A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-18 | 王学永 | Photoelectric induction type automatic electronic integral measuring instrument for precipatation evaporation |
| CN101236260A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-08-06 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Evaporation based irrigation prealarming device and its operation method |
| CN101706590A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-05-12 | 河海大学 | Automatic evaporation station with three tipping buckets |
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