CN111044124A - Water surface evaporation amount monitoring system and method - Google Patents
Water surface evaporation amount monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111044124A CN111044124A CN201911265027.2A CN201911265027A CN111044124A CN 111044124 A CN111044124 A CN 111044124A CN 201911265027 A CN201911265027 A CN 201911265027A CN 111044124 A CN111044124 A CN 111044124A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/30—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats
- G01F23/64—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements
- G01F23/72—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats of the free float type without mechanical transmission elements using magnetically actuated indicating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/14—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water surface evaporation measurement, and discloses a water surface evaporation amount monitoring system and a water surface evaporation amount monitoring method, wherein the water level height of an evaporation container is detected through an evaporation measurement module, and the measured water level height is sent to a control module; the control module obtains a water level adjustment amount according to the pre-rainfall amount, the pre-evaporation amount and the measured water level height, and sends the water level adjustment amount to the water level adjustment module; and the water level adjusting module performs water supplementing operation or water draining operation on the evaporation container according to the water level adjusting quantity. The invention can solve the problem of larger measurement error of the existing water surface evaporation capacity, can automatically adjust the height of the water level in the evaporation container, saves the labor cost and can improve the measurement precision of the water surface evaporation capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water surface evaporation measurement, in particular to a water surface evaporation amount monitoring system and method.
Background
The water surface evaporation capacity is an important factor for measuring water balance and determining microclimate and regional climate, and is an important input item of a hydrological forecasting model, and the accuracy of hydrological forecasting is directly influenced. The measurement of the water surface evaporation capacity has important significance in the fields of water resources, atmospheric climate and the like, is closely related to many problems in national economy, and almost all researches on water resources and agricultural problems can not leave the measurement of the water surface evaporation capacity.
At present, the hydrological station in China mostly adopts a manual method to measure the water level height variation, the water replenishing quantity and the overflow quantity in an evaporation container at 8 points in the morning every day and read the daily rainfall depth from a rain measuring cylinder, and the daily water surface evaporation quantity is calculated on the basis, and a mode of automatically monitoring the water surface evaporation quantity is also adopted in some areas, so that the water surface height variation, the time interval overflow quantity, the water replenishing water surface height variation value, the water taking water surface height variation value and the like in the evaporation container can be automatically observed.
However, in the actual operation process, such a situation often occurs: when the evaporation container is just supplemented with water, rainfall or sudden-falling heavy rainstorm occurs, and when the evaporation container is not filled with rainfall, overflow is generated. Conventionally, the overflow amount and the rainfall amount overflowing from the evaporation barrel are accurately measured, and then the water surface evaporation amount is calculated according to a formula. However, under the field conditions, it is very difficult to automatically and accurately measure the overflow volume and the rainfall: firstly, an overflow measuring device needs to be added, so that the cost is increased; secondly, the reliability of water level monitoring is reduced because the instrument for measuring the overflow amount may be different from the instrument for measuring the water level in the evaporation container. Similarly, in the field, if a manual water replenishing mode is adopted, not only can extra labor cost be increased, but also errors can be accumulated, and certain errors are brought to the measurement of the water surface evaporation capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a system and a method for monitoring the water surface evaporation capacity, and solves the problem that the measurement error of the water surface evaporation capacity is large in the prior art.
The embodiment of the application provides a surface of water evaporation capacity monitoring system, includes: the device comprises an evaporation container, an evaporation measuring module, a water level adjusting module and a control module; the evaporation amount measuring module is arranged in the evaporation container, and the evaporation measuring module and the water level adjusting module are respectively and electrically connected with the control module;
the evaporation container is used for containing water for measuring the water surface evaporation capacity; the evaporation measuring module is used for measuring the water level height of the evaporation container and sending the measured water level height to the control module; the control module is used for acquiring a water level adjustment amount according to the pre-rainfall amount, the pre-evaporation amount and the measured water level height, and controlling the water level adjustment module to supplement water or drain water to the evaporation container according to the water level adjustment amount.
Preferably, the water surface evaporation amount monitoring system further includes: a server, a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is electrically connected with the control module and the server respectively; the server is used for sending the pre-rainfall amount and the pre-evaporation amount to the control module and acquiring the measured water level height sent by the control module.
Preferably, the water surface evaporation amount monitoring system further includes: a solar power supply module; the solar power supply module is electrically connected with the evaporation measuring module, the water level adjusting module and the control module respectively; the solar power supply module is used for supplying power to the evaporation measuring module, the water level adjusting module and the control module.
Preferably, the evaporation measurement module includes: a water level measuring sensor; the water level measuring sensor is one of a magnetostrictive water level measuring sensor and a pressure water level measuring sensor.
Preferably, the water level adjustment module includes: the water level adjusting container, the water replenishing unit and the water discharging unit; the control module is electrically connected with the water replenishing unit and the water draining unit;
the water supplement unit includes: the water replenishing pump, the first water inlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe; the water replenishing pump is respectively connected with the first water inlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe; the water replenishing pump is used for pumping water in the water level adjusting container out through the first water inlet pipe and pumping the water into the evaporation container through the first water outlet pipe;
the drainage unit includes: the drainage pump, a second water inlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe; the drainage pump is respectively connected with the second water inlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe; the water draining pump is used for pumping out the water in the evaporation container through the second water inlet pipe and pumping the water into the water level adjusting container through the second water outlet pipe;
and a water level adjusting measuring sensor is arranged in the water level adjusting container and is used for detecting the pumping amount of the pumped water and the pumping amount of the pumped water in the water level adjusting container.
Preferably, a first filter is arranged at the water inlet end of the first water outlet pipe, and the first filter is used for preventing impurities from blocking the first water outlet pipe; the end of intaking of second inlet tube is provided with the second filter, the second filter is used for preventing impurity jam the second inlet tube.
The embodiment of the application provides a water surface evaporation capacity monitoring method, and by adopting the water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, the method comprises the following steps:
detecting the water level height of the evaporation container through the evaporation measuring module, and sending the measured water level height to the control module;
the control module acquires a water level adjustment amount according to the pre-rainfall amount, the pre-evaporation amount and the measured water level height and sends the water level adjustment amount to the water level adjustment module;
and the water level adjusting module performs water supplementing operation or water draining operation on the evaporation container according to the water level adjusting quantity.
Preferably, when the difference between the measured water level height and the pre-evaporation amount is lower than the lower limit of the water level, the water level adjusting module performs water replenishing operation on the evaporation container; and when the sum of the measured water level height and the pre-rainfall is higher than the upper water level limit, the water level adjusting module performs drainage operation on the evaporation container.
Preferably, the water replenishing operation comprises the following substeps:
judging whether the difference value between the current water level height of the evaporation container and the pre-evaporation amount of N days in the future is smaller than the lower limit of the water level or not by the control module, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
if the rainfall is less than the preset rainfall, judging whether the rainfall of the next N days is zero or not according to the preset rainfall; if the rainfall is zero, performing water supplementing operation on the evaporation container, wherein the water supplementing amount of the water supplementing operation is the height difference between the upper limit of the water level and the current water level height; if the rainfall is not zero, acquiring the rainfall of the next N days, and performing water supplementing operation on the evaporation container, wherein the water supplementing amount of the water supplementing operation is the height difference between the upper limit of the water level and the current water level after subtracting the rainfall of the next N days;
and if not, not performing water replenishing operation.
Preferably, the draining operation comprises the following sub-steps:
judging whether the rainfall of the next N days is zero or not according to the pre-rainfall;
if the rainfall is zero, the drainage operation is not carried out;
if the rainfall is not zero, judging whether the sum of the current water level height of the evaporation container and the rainfall in the next N days is higher than the upper limit of the water level through the control module; if the water level is higher than the preset water level, taking the difference value between the sum of the current water level height and the rainfall in the next N days and the upper limit of the water level as the water drainage quantity to be drained; if not, the drainage operation is not performed.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
in the embodiment of the application, adjust the water level height in the evaporation container through water level adjustment module is automatic, the cost of using manpower sparingly, and under control module's control, through moisturizing or drainage to the evaporation container, adjust the water level height in the evaporation container, prevent to cross low or the water level spills over the circumstances that influences the measurement of surface of water evaporation volume because of the water level height among the evaporation container, improve the measurement accuracy of surface of water evaporation volume, and control module can be according to the current water level height of evaporation container and rainfall information in advance, effectively utilize the rainfall as the moisturizing volume of evaporation container, reduce surface of water evaporation volume monitoring system's moisturizing number of times, and save the cost, and reduce the measuring error that the increase of moisturizing number of times leads to.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the present embodiment, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiment will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are one embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a water surface evaporation amount monitoring system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a water surface evaporation amount monitoring system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface evaporation amount monitoring system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring water surface evaporation amount according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a water replenishing operation in the water surface evaporation amount monitoring method according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a water discharge operation in the water surface evaporation amount monitoring method according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
embodiment 1 provides a water surface evaporation amount monitoring system, referring to fig. 1, including: the device comprises an evaporation container 11, an evaporation measuring module 12, a water level adjusting module 13 and a control module 14.
The evaporation measuring module 12 is electrically connected with the control module 14; the evaporation measuring module 12 is configured to measure a water level of the evaporation container 11 and send the measured water level to the control module 14. The control module 14 is electrically connected with the water level adjusting module 13; the control module 14 is configured to obtain a water level adjustment amount according to the pre-rainfall amount and the measured water level height, and control the water level adjustment module 13 to perform water supplement or water drainage on the evaporation container 11 according to the water level adjustment amount.
The evaporation container 11 is placed and is used for carrying out the water surface evaporation measuring water, evaporation capacity measuring module 12 is placed in the evaporation container 11, through evaporation capacity measuring module 12 is right the water surface evaporation capacity in the evaporation container 11 carries out automated inspection, can save the cost of labor.
The evaporation amount measuring module 12 sends the measured water level height to the control module 14, and the control module 14 adjusts the water level height in the evaporation container 11 according to the water level height and the predicted rainfall amount, and supplies water or discharges water to the evaporation container 11.
For example, in the case of rain or sudden rainstorm, the water in the evaporation container 11 is easily overflowed, which makes the measurement difficult, because when the evaporation container 11 is not filled with the rainfall, in the conventional method, in order to measure the evaporation amount of the water surface, it is necessary to accurately measure the rainfall and the overflow amount of the water overflowed from the evaporation container 11, and then calculate the evaporation amount of the water surface by a technical formula, an overflow amount device for containing the water overflowed from the evaporation container 11 is required, which increases the equipment cost. In addition, the instrument for measuring the overflow amount in the overflow amount device and the evaporation measuring module 12 in the evaporation container 11 may be different, so that the finally measured water surface evaporation amount has a large error. Moreover, if the evaporation container 11 overflows, a thin film appears on the evaporation container 11 due to the existence of surface tension, the thickness of the thin film is not only random, but also difficult to measure, and a certain error is generated in the measurement of the evaporation capacity of the water surface. In the traditional method, a high-precision rain gauge needs to be arranged when the rainfall is measured, the rainfall is extremely unevenly distributed under the windy condition, if the position of the rain gauge is improperly arranged, the rainfall measured in the rain gauge cannot represent the actual rainfall in the evaporation barrel, and the measurement precision of the water surface evaporation capacity is also reduced.
The water level adjusting module 13 in embodiment 1 can adjust the height of the water level in the evaporation container 11 under the control of the control module 14.
For example, when the measured amount of rainfall is large, the evaporation vessel 11 is not replenished with water, but is drained to some extent, thereby preventing the evaporation vessel 11 from overflowing and improving the accuracy of measuring the amount of evaporation on the water surface. Or when the measured pre-rainfall is in a certain range, the evaporation container 11 is not replenished with water, or the amount of water replenished to the evaporation container 11 is reduced, so that the accumulated error caused by more water replenishing times is reduced.
To sum up, embodiment 1 provides a surface of water evaporation capacity monitoring system, through increase water level adjustment module in surface of water evaporation capacity monitoring system, automatically, adjust the water level height in the evaporation container, the cost of using manpower sparingly, and under control module's control, through moisturizing or drainage to the evaporation container, adjust the water level height in the evaporation container, prevent to influence the condition of surface of water evaporation capacity measurement because of water level height crosses low or the water level overflows in the evaporation container, improve the measurement accuracy of surface of water evaporation capacity, and control module can be according to evaporation container current water level height and rainfall information in advance, effectively utilize the rainfall as the moisturizing volume of evaporation container, reduce surface of water evaporation capacity monitoring system's moisturizing number of times, and save the cost, and reduce the measuring error that the increase of moisturizing number of times leads to.
Example 2:
embodiment 2 provides a water surface evaporation amount monitoring system, and referring to fig. 2, the following parts are added on the basis of embodiment 1: server 15, wireless communication module 16, solar power module 18.
The server 15 is electrically connected to the control module 14, and is configured to send the pre-rainfall to the control module 14 and obtain the water level height sent by the control module 14. The wireless communication module 16 is electrically connected to the control module 14 and the server 15, respectively.
The control module 14 is provided with a controller which takes a single chip microcomputer as a core, the controller is electrically connected with the wireless communication module 16, the wireless communication module 16 is connected with an antenna, and the antenna is connected with the server 15.
Wherein, the singlechip in the control module 14 adopts a 51-series singlechip; the wireless communication module 16 adopts a GPRS/GSM communication device, and a program for executing the decision sent by the server 15 through the wireless communication module 16 can be written in the single chip, and in addition, the water level height information obtained by measurement can be shared with the server 15.
The server 15 includes a weather forecast function and a data storage function. The weather forecast function is to capture the multi-day weather forecast of the area where the on-line Chinese meteorological instrument is located through a crawler technology, store the pre-rainfall data and send the pre-rainfall data to the control module 14 through the wireless communication module 16, the control module 14 reads the height of the water level in the evaporation container 11 through the evaporation measurement module 12, and if the water level in the evaporation container 11 drops to a certain height, different water replenishing decisions are made according to different weather conditions in the future according to the weather conditions sent by the server 15. The control module 14 also makes and adjusts a decision for adjusting the water level in the evaporation container 11 in advance according to future weather conditions, so that the water level in the evaporation container 11 does not overflow during rainfall, rainfall can be stored in the evaporation container 11, rainfall is efficiently utilized, measurement accuracy is improved, and the frequency of artificial water replenishing can be effectively reduced. The data storage function means that the server 15 stores data of the daily water level height without manually acquiring the data on site regularly. The main body of the server 15 is programmed by WAMP (Apache + Mysql + PHP under Windows), the weather forecast data capture function is programmed by Python, and the database is MySQL.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of a water surface evaporation monitoring system provided in embodiment 2 is shown, where the evaporation measuring module 12 includes: a water level measuring sensor 121; the water level measuring sensor 121 is used for detecting the water level height of the evaporation container 11; the water level measuring sensor 121 is electrically connected to the control module 14 for transmitting the water level height to the control module 14.
Wherein, the water level measuring sensor 121 may be a magnetostrictive water level measuring sensor or a pressure water level measuring sensor. The pressure water level measuring sensor obtains the water level height in the evaporation container 11 through the detected pressure. For a magnetostrictive water level measuring sensor, the circuit part of the sensor will excite a pulsed current on the wave guide wire, which when propagating along the wire will generate a pulsed current magnetic field around the wire. A float is arranged outside a measuring rod of the magnetostrictive water level measuring sensor and can move up and down along the measuring rod along with the change of the liquid level. A group of permanent magnetic rings is arranged in the floater. When the pulse current magnetic field meets the magnetic ring magnetic field generated by the floater, the magnetic field around the floater changes, so that the waveguide wire made of magnetostrictive material generates a torsional wave pulse at the position of the floater, and the pulse is transmitted back along the waveguide wire at a fixed speed and is detected by the detection mechanism. The position where the float is located, i.e., the water level height, can be accurately determined by measuring the time difference between the pulse current and the torsional wave. The magnetostrictive water level measuring sensor is suitable for measuring the height of the water level with high precision requirement, and the precision can reach 0.1 mm.
The water level adjustment module 13 includes: a water level adjusting container 17, a water replenishing unit and a water discharging unit; the control module 14 is electrically connected with the water replenishing unit and is used for controlling the water replenishing unit to perform water replenishing operation on the evaporation container 11 when the difference between the water level height and the pre-evaporation amount is lower than the lower limit of the water level; the control module 14 is electrically connected to the drainage unit and is configured to drain the evaporation container 11 when the sum of the water level and the pre-rainfall is higher than the upper water level limit.
Wherein, the moisturizing unit includes: a water replenishing pump 131, a first water inlet pipe 132 and a first water outlet pipe 133; the water replenishing pump 131 is connected to the first water inlet pipe 132 and the first water outlet pipe 133, respectively, and is configured to pump the water in the water level adjustment container 17 through the first water inlet pipe 132 and pump the water into the evaporation container 11 through the first water outlet pipe 132. The drainage unit includes: a drain pump 134, a second inlet pipe 135 and a second outlet pipe 136; the drainage pump 134 is connected to the second water inlet pipe 135 and the second water outlet pipe 136 respectively; for pumping out the water in the evaporation vessel 11 through the second water inlet pipe 135 and pumping into the water level adjustment vessel 17 through the second water outlet pipe 136.
The water level adjusting container 17 is filled with standby water, the difference between the water level height in the evaporation container 11 and the pre-evaporation amount is smaller than the lower limit of the water level, the water in the water level adjusting container 17 is pumped into the evaporation container 11 through the water supplementing unit, and when the sum of the water level height in the evaporation container 11 and the pre-rainfall amount is higher than the upper limit of the water level, the water in the evaporation container 11 is drained into the water level adjusting container 17 through the water draining unit, so that the phenomenon that the water level overflows from the evaporation container 11 is prevented, and the evaporation measuring module 12 can measure the evaporation amount in the evaporation container 11 conveniently.
The pre-evaporation amount may be a pre-evaporation amount for N days in the future, and the pre-rainfall amount may be a pre-rainfall amount for N days in the future, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
In addition, if the sum of the water level height in the evaporation container 11 and the pre-rainfall is not higher than the upper limit of the water level, the water replenishing amount of the water replenishing unit to the evaporation container 11 can be reduced, the water replenishing frequency of the water replenishing unit can be reduced to a certain extent, and the purposes of saving resources and saving operation are achieved.
The water level adjusting container 17 is further provided with an adjusting water level measuring sensor 20, and the pumping amount of the pumped water out of the water level adjusting container 17 and the pumping amount of the pumped water can be detected by the adjusting water level measuring sensor 20, so that the accurate water level adjusting amount can be obtained.
The control module 14 is electrically connected to the water replenishing pump 131 and the water draining pump 134 respectively, and is configured to control the water replenishing pump 131 and the water draining pump 134 to start and stop respectively.
Optionally, a first filter 137 is disposed at the water inlet end of the first water outlet pipe 132; the water inlet end of the second water inlet pipe 135 is provided with a second filter 138. The first filter 137 and the second filter 138 can effectively prevent impurities from blocking the inlets of the first outlet pipe 132 and the second inlet pipe 135.
The solar power supply module 18 is electrically connected to the evaporation measurement module 12, the water level adjustment module 13, and the control module 14, and is configured to supply power to the evaporation measurement module 12, the water level adjustment module 13, and the control module 14. The solar power supply module 18 adopts a solar power supply mode, so that field power supply is facilitated, no electric wire needs to be erected, and the equipment cost is reduced. In addition, the water surface evaporation monitoring system can also be provided with a distribution box 19, wherein the distribution box 19 is placed on a distribution box bracket, and the solar power supply module 18 is arranged on the distribution box bracket.
Example 3:
embodiment 3 provides a method for monitoring water surface evaporation amount, which is suitable for the water surface evaporation amount monitoring systems provided in embodiments 1 and 2.
As shown in fig. 4, a method for monitoring the evaporation amount of a water surface according to embodiment 3 includes the following steps:
s101, controlling an evaporation measuring module to detect the water level height of the evaporation container and sending the measured water level height to a control module.
S102, acquiring a water level adjustment amount according to the pre-rainfall amount, the pre-evaporation amount and the measured water level height.
And S103, controlling the water level adjusting module to supplement water or drain water to the evaporation container according to the water level adjusting quantity.
Embodiment 3 provides a method for monitoring water surface evaporation capacity, through increase water level adjustment module in water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, automatically adjust the water level height in the evaporation container, save the human cost, and under the control of control module, through moisturizing or drainage to the evaporation container, adjust the water level height in the evaporation container, prevent to influence the circumstances that water surface evaporation capacity is measured because of water level height is too low or the water level overflows in the evaporation container, improve the measurement accuracy of water surface evaporation capacity, and control module can be according to evaporation container current water level height and rainfall information in advance, effectively utilize the rainfall as the moisturizing volume of evaporation container, reduce the moisturizing number of times of water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, save cost, and reduce the measuring error that the increase of moisturizing number of times leads to.
Specifically, the method comprises the following two parts: (1) and when the difference value between the water level height and the pre-evaporation amount is lower than the lower limit of the water level, controlling the water replenishing unit to perform water replenishing operation on the evaporation container. (2) And when the sum of the water level height and the pre-rainfall is higher than the upper limit of the water level, draining the evaporation container.
The water replenishing operation will be further described below.
Judging whether the difference between the current water level height of the evaporation container and the pre-evaporation amount of N days in the future is smaller than the lower limit of the water level or not; n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. If the rainfall is less than the lower limit of the water level, judging whether the rainfall of the next N days is zero or not through the pre-rainfall; and if the water level is zero, controlling the water replenishing unit to perform water replenishing operation on the evaporation container, wherein the water replenishing amount of the water replenishing operation is the height difference between the upper limit of the water level and the current height of the water level. And if the height difference is not zero, acquiring the rainfall of the future N days, and performing water supplementing operation on the evaporation container, wherein the water supplementing amount of the water supplementing operation is the height difference between the upper limit of the water level and the current water level after subtracting the rainfall of the future N days. And if the water level is not less than the lower limit of the water level, the water replenishing operation is not carried out.
Referring to fig. 5, the water replenishing operation includes:
s201, controlling an evaporation measuring module to detect the current water level height h of the evaporation container.
S202, judging whether the difference value between the current water level height h of the evaporation container and the pre-evaporation amount delta h of N days in the future is smaller than the lower water level limit Hmin, if so, executing S203, and if not, executing S206.
Wherein, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and the preferable value of N is 3. In order to prevent the water level height h in the evaporation container from being lower than the lower limit Hmin of the water level and affecting the measurement accuracy of the evaporation capacity of the water surface, the difference between the current water level height h and the pre-evaporation capacity delta h of the future N days needs to be ensured to be larger than the lower limit Hmin of the water level. If the rainfall amount in the future N days is zero, and the difference between the current water level height h and the pre-evaporation amount delta h in the future N days is smaller than the lower water level limit Hmin, the water replenishing unit is required to perform water replenishing operation on the evaporation container. The pre-evaporation amount delta h of the future N days can be three times of the maximum daily evaporation amount in the past three days, and meanwhile, in order to fully consider possible adverse factors in the future, a safety factor T of 1.1-1.2 is multiplied, so that the water level height h in the evaporation container is prevented from being lower than the lower water level limit Hmin after the future N days.
S203, judging whether the rainfall Hrain of the next N days is zero or not through the pre-rainfall, if so, executing S204, and if not, executing S205.
And if the difference value between the current water level height h of the evaporation container and the pre-evaporation amount delta h of the future N days is smaller than the lower water level limit Hmin, further judging whether the rainfall Hrain of the future N days is zero or not, and acquiring the pre-rainfall of the Chinese meteorological network captured by the server for the rainfall Hrain of the future N days.
And S204, controlling the water replenishing unit to perform water replenishing operation on the evaporation container, wherein the water replenishing quantity H1 of the water replenishing operation is the height difference between the upper limit Hmax of the water level and the current height H of the water level.
If the rainfall Hrain of N days in the future is zero, the control module performs water supplementing operation on the evaporation container through the water supplementing unit, wherein the water supplementing quantity H1 of the water supplementing operation is the height difference between the upper water level limit Hmax and the current water level height H, namely the water supplementing quantity H1 is Hmax-H.
S205, the rainfall Hrain of the next N days is obtained, water replenishing operation is conducted on the evaporation container, and the water replenishing amount of the water replenishing operation is the height difference between the upper limit Hmax of the water level minus the rainfall Hrain of the next N days and the current water level height h.
If the rainfall Hrain of N days in the future is not zero, the control module carries out water replenishing operation on the evaporation container through the water replenishing unit, and the water replenishing amount H1 of the water replenishing operation is Hmax-Hrain-H. Meanwhile, considering possible weather forecast errors, in order to prevent the rainfall Hrain of the next N days from overflowing the water in the evaporation container, the original rainfall is multiplied by a safety factor T with the value of 1.1-1.2, and then the water supplement amount H1 is calculated to be Hmax-THrain-H. The control module opens the water replenishing pump to start water replenishing, and after the water level H1 is increased, the control module automatically closes the water replenishing pump, so that the phenomenon that rainfall is generated after manual water replenishing to cause overflow of water in the evaporation container is reduced, the rainfall is fully utilized, the water replenishing frequency is reduced, overflow is not generated, and the measuring precision is increased.
And S206, not performing water replenishing operation.
Naturally, the rainfall amount of the future N days has a large value, so that when the water replenishing operation is not performed, the evaporation container is subjected to the overflow phenomenon of water, and optionally, when the sum of the water level height and the rainfall amount is higher than the upper water level limit, the evaporation container is subjected to the water draining operation.
The draining operation includes: judging whether the rainfall of the next N days is zero or not through the pre-rainfall; if the rainfall is zero, the drainage operation is not carried out; if the rainfall is not zero, judging whether the sum of the current water level height of the evaporation container and the rainfall in the next N days is higher than the upper limit of the water level or not; if the water level is higher than the preset water level, taking the difference value between the sum of the current water level height and the rainfall in the next N days and the upper limit of the water level as the water displacement required; and when the difference value between the current water level height and the required water displacement is greater than or equal to the lower water level limit, controlling the water drainage unit to perform water drainage operation on the evaporation container, wherein the water drainage amount of the water drainage operation is the required water displacement amount, and when the difference value between the current water level height and the required water displacement amount is less than the lower water level limit, not performing the water drainage operation.
Referring to fig. 6, the draining operation includes:
s301, controlling the evaporation measuring module to detect the water level height h of the evaporation container.
S302, judging whether the rainfall Hrain of the next N days is zero or not through the pre-rainfall, if not, executing S303, and if so, executing S307.
And S303, judging whether the sum of the current water level height h of the evaporation container and the rainfall Hrain in the next N days is higher than the upper limit Hmax of the water level, if so, executing S304, and otherwise, executing S307.
When the rainfall amount Hrain of the future N days is too large, specifically, the sum of the current water level height h of the evaporation container and the rainfall amount Hrain of the future N days is higher than the upper limit Hmax of the water level, the evaporation container needs to be drained, and if the sum of the current water level height h of the evaporation container and the rainfall amount Hrain of the future N days is smaller than the upper limit Hmax of the water level, the evaporation container does not overflow water, and drainage adjustment is not needed.
Because the scientific technology at the present stage is limited, a certain error may exist in the weather forecast, and in order to ensure that no overflow site is generated, on the basis of actually forecasting the rainfall, the rainfall Hrain of the future N days is multiplied by the safety factor T of 1.1-1.2, and then the product is used as the rainfall of the future N days for calculation in the embodiment.
And S304, taking the difference between the sum of the current water level height H and the rainfall Hrain in the next N days and the water level upper limit Hmax as the water displacement H2.
If the sum of the current water level height H and the rainfall amount Hrain in the next N days is higher than the upper limit Hmax of the water level, the evaporation container overflows water, and the set water discharge amount H2 can be equal to H + THrain-Hmax.
S305, judging whether the difference value between the current water level height H and the water displacement H2 is larger than the lower water level limit Hmin, if so, executing S306, and if not, executing S307.
In addition, when the water discharge H2 is set to be H + THrain-Hmax, the difference between the current water level height H and the water discharge H2 is smaller than the lower limit Hmin of the water level, namely the difference between Hmax-THrain < Hmin exists, at the moment, the overflow phenomenon of the evaporation container can occur certainly, the water discharge operation is not needed, and the overflow amount measuring instrument is used for measuring the overflow amount so as to measure the water surface evaporation amount.
And S306, controlling the drainage unit to drain the evaporation container, wherein the drainage quantity of the drainage operation is the required drainage quantity H2.
If the difference between the current water level height H and the required water displacement H2 is greater than the lower water level limit Hmin, and Hmax-THrain is greater than Hmin, the water displacement needs to be calculated according to the rainfall Hrain of N days in the future, specifically, the water displacement is H2 which is H + THrain-Hmax.
And S307, not performing drainage operation.
In conclusion, the water surface evaporation amount monitoring system and method provided by the invention can solve the problem that the existing water surface evaporation amount measurement error is large, can automatically adjust the height of the water level in the evaporation container, saves the labor cost and can improve the measurement precision of the water surface evaporation amount.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water surface evaporation monitoring system, comprising: the device comprises an evaporation container, an evaporation measuring module, a water level adjusting module and a control module; the evaporation amount measuring module is arranged in the evaporation container, and the evaporation measuring module and the water level adjusting module are respectively and electrically connected with the control module;
the evaporation container is used for containing water for measuring the water surface evaporation capacity; the evaporation measuring module is used for measuring the water level height of the evaporation container and sending the measured water level height to the control module; the control module is used for acquiring a water level adjustment amount according to the pre-rainfall amount, the pre-evaporation amount and the measured water level height, and controlling the water level adjustment module to supplement water or drain water to the evaporation container according to the water level adjustment amount.
2. The water surface evaporation monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising: a server, a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is electrically connected with the control module and the server respectively; the server is used for sending the pre-rainfall amount and the pre-evaporation amount to the control module and acquiring the measured water level height sent by the control module.
3. The water surface evaporation monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising: a solar power supply module; the solar power supply module is electrically connected with the evaporation measuring module, the water level adjusting module and the control module respectively; the solar power supply module is used for supplying power to the evaporation measuring module, the water level adjusting module and the control module.
4. The water surface evaporation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the evaporation measurement module comprises: a water level measuring sensor; the water level measuring sensor is one of a magnetostrictive water level measuring sensor and a pressure water level measuring sensor.
5. The water surface evaporation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the water level adjustment module comprises: the water level adjusting container, the water replenishing unit and the water discharging unit; the control module is electrically connected with the water replenishing unit and the water draining unit;
the water supplement unit includes: the water replenishing pump, the first water inlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe; the water replenishing pump is respectively connected with the first water inlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe; the water replenishing pump is used for pumping water in the water level adjusting container out through the first water inlet pipe and pumping the water into the evaporation container through the first water outlet pipe;
the drainage unit includes: the drainage pump, a second water inlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe; the drainage pump is respectively connected with the second water inlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe; the water draining pump is used for pumping out the water in the evaporation container through the second water inlet pipe and pumping the water into the water level adjusting container through the second water outlet pipe;
and a water level adjusting measuring sensor is arranged in the water level adjusting container and is used for detecting the pumping amount of the pumped water and the pumping amount of the pumped water in the water level adjusting container.
6. The water surface evaporation monitoring system of claim 5, wherein a first filter is arranged at the water inlet end of the first water outlet pipe, and the first filter is used for preventing impurities from blocking the first water outlet pipe; the end of intaking of second inlet tube is provided with the second filter, the second filter is used for preventing impurity jam the second inlet tube.
7. A water surface evaporation monitoring method, characterized in that the water surface evaporation monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-6 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
detecting the water level height of the evaporation container through the evaporation measuring module, and sending the measured water level height to the control module;
the control module acquires a water level adjustment amount according to the pre-rainfall amount, the pre-evaporation amount and the measured water level height and sends the water level adjustment amount to the water level adjustment module;
and the water level adjusting module performs water supplementing operation or water draining operation on the evaporation container according to the water level adjusting quantity.
8. The method for monitoring the evaporation capacity on the water surface according to claim 7, wherein when the difference between the measured water level height and the pre-evaporation capacity is lower than the lower water level limit, the water level adjusting module carries out water replenishing operation on the evaporation container; and when the sum of the measured water level height and the pre-rainfall is higher than the upper water level limit, the water level adjusting module performs drainage operation on the evaporation container.
9. The water surface evaporation monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein the water replenishment operation includes the substeps of:
judging whether the difference value between the current water level height of the evaporation container and the pre-evaporation amount of N days in the future is smaller than the lower limit of the water level or not by the control module, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
if the rainfall is less than the preset rainfall, judging whether the rainfall of the next N days is zero or not according to the preset rainfall; if the rainfall is zero, performing water supplementing operation on the evaporation container, wherein the water supplementing amount of the water supplementing operation is the height difference between the upper limit of the water level and the current water level height; if the rainfall is not zero, acquiring the rainfall of the next N days, and performing water supplementing operation on the evaporation container, wherein the water supplementing amount of the water supplementing operation is the height difference between the upper limit of the water level and the current water level after subtracting the rainfall of the next N days;
and if not, not performing water replenishing operation.
10. A water surface evaporation monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein the draining operation comprises the substeps of:
judging whether the rainfall of the next N days is zero or not according to the pre-rainfall;
if the rainfall is zero, the drainage operation is not carried out;
if the rainfall is not zero, judging whether the sum of the current water level height of the evaporation container and the rainfall in the next N days is higher than the upper limit of the water level through the control module; if the water level is higher than the preset water level, taking the difference value between the sum of the current water level height and the rainfall in the next N days and the upper limit of the water level as the water drainage quantity to be drained; if not, the drainage operation is not performed.
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Application publication date: 20200421 |