CN103760623A - Fully-automatic water-surface evaporation-capacity monitoring system - Google Patents
Fully-automatic water-surface evaporation-capacity monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fully-automatic water-surface evaporation-capacity monitoring system which includes an evaporation barrel. A water-level measurement sensor is arranged in the evaporation barrel. The water-level measurement sensor is electrically connected with a monitor which controls the water-level measurement sensor to acquire water-level data continuously within a unit time. The monitor is also electrically connected with a rain gauge and a water feeding pump. The water feeding pump is connected with a water feeding barrel through a water inlet pipe and connected with the evaporation barrel through a water outlet pipe. The fully-automatic water-surface evaporation-capacity monitoring system is capable of performing water-level change trend analysis on the acquired data according to different time periods and judging the weather state according to the analyzed water-level change trend and then selects evaporation-capacity calculation formulas under different conditions and calculates corresponding evaporation capacities so as to improve measurement precision. Because water-level trend change and water-level data digital filtering processing is performed, evaporation-capacity normal measurement under the different weather conditions can be realized without a wave-preventing well and thus the system structure is simplified and construction amount and monitoring system cost are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of auto monitoring and measurement system of measuring water surface evaporation by detecting water surface elevation variable quantity.
Background technology
Water surface evaporation is the important indicator of China's hydrographic water resource, meteorological observation, and the definition of water surface evaporation is: the earth standard water plane is being evaporation capacity without stormy waves Water Under position falling head value.The number of evaporation capacity directly has influence on growth and the harvest of crops.China has promulgated State Standard of the People's Republic of China < < evaporation from water surface device > > (GB/T21327-2007).The hydrometric station that the evaporation capacity of China's Hydrology department monitoring at present mainly relies on Attended mode adopts artificial method 8 measurement height of water level variable quantities morning every day, spillway discharge, rate of water make-up also reads rainfall amount from rain gage and manually synthesizes evaporation capacity as rainfall amount in evaporation tub etc., few places has also been set up evaporation capacity measuring station, but existing measuring station is in order to get rid of the impact of stormy waves on water surface elevation observation process, set up the wave resistance well (having another name called stilling well) being communicated with evaporation tub, Water level measuring sensor is arranged on and in wave resistance well, carries out level measuring, between wave resistance well and evaporation tub, just need civil engineering excavation to bury communicating pipe and motorized valve etc. underground, so greatly increased the complicacy of civil engineering amount and system, also brought the significantly increase of integrity problem and the cost of long-time running.
Running into burst rainfall, when evaporation tub can not load rainfall amount, just there will be overflow, original technology will be calculated evaporation capacity just must accurately measure the water yield of overflowing in rainfall amount and evaporation tub, the automatic accurate spillway discharge of measuring is more difficult in the wild, to increase overflow measurement mechanism, and so just bring the integrity problem of measuring also greatly to increase the cost of automatic monitoring.It is high-precision rain gauge that the rain gage increasing also requires, and be not equally distributed in large rainfall on the ground, rainfall amount in rain gage has larger error as the actual rainfall amount in evaporation tub, the evaporation capacity of duration of raining with without the evaporation capacity of duration of raining, combine the evaporation capacity that calculates every day, just exist rainfall measurement error directly to translate into evaporation capacity error, and rainfall amount is generally far longer than evaporation capacity, its error of bringing be can not ignore and disregarded.
When not raining for a long time, in evaporation tub, just need moisturizing, this just needs to calculate toward the interior rate of water make-up injecting of evaporation tub, if being height of water level variable quantity in evaporation tub, rainfall amount, rate of water make-up, spillway discharge or water withdrawal, above parameter adopt artificial mode promptly and accurately to measure every day, that need to have professional monitoring personnel to measure, the factor that affects each measurement parameter accuracy is also a lot, its each side spending is also very huge, the product that has just become various places hydrographic water resources, meteorological departments to be badly in need of for unattended auto-telemetering evaporation from water surface monitoring system.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, can divide the different periods to carry out SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend analysis to the data that collect, and according to the SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend judgement weather conditions that analyze, then select the computing formula of evaporation capacity in various situations to calculate corresponding evaporation capacity, improve measuring accuracy; And owing to having made the variation of water level trend, so also can avoid in the unsettled situation of water level without wave resistance well---the in the situation that of having stormy waves, calculate evaporation capacity, thereby reduce measuring error, minimizing construction volume and cost, simplied system structure.
Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, comprise evaporation tub, in described evaporation tub, be provided with Water level measuring sensor, described Water level measuring sensor is electrically connected with the monitor of controlling its continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval, and described monitor is also electrically connected with respectively rain gage, small pump; Described small pump is connected with moisturizing bucket by inlet channel, and is connected with described evaporation tub by outlet conduit.
In technique scheme, Water level measuring sensor is directly located in evaporation tub, without building wave resistance well, because monitor is controlled Water level measuring sensor continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval, monitor can compare the data that collect and the data of a upper period, thereby analyze the SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend that draws, carry out digital filtering processing and draw water level variable, simultaneously according to SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend judgement weather conditions, then select the computing formula of evaporation capacity in various situations to calculate corresponding evaporation capacity, if judgement does not go out water level variation tendency in certain hour interval, stormy waves has been described, wouldn't carry out so digital filtering processing and also not carry out evaporation capacity calculating.Yet traditional monitoring system must rely on wave resistance well, motorized valve etc. and could measure evaporation capacity, cause system complicated, civil engineering amount is large, and construction cost is high.
Further, described monitor is provided with take the main frame that single-chip microcomputer is core, and described main frame is electrically connected with wireless communication module, and described wireless communication module is electrically connected with antenna, and described aerial network is connected with monitor server; Described single-chip microcomputer is 51 series monolithics; Described wireless communication module is GPRS/GSM communication module; Described Water level measuring sensor is high precision magnetostriction Water level measuring sensor.The program that can write judgement SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend in single-chip microcomputer, wireless communication module is in order to realize remote monitoring and data sharing, and high precision magnetostriction Water level measuring sensor precision is high, is beneficial to raising measuring accuracy.
Further, described monitor comprises cabinet and cabinet stand, and described cabinet top is provided with solar panel, is provided with the charge controller, the accumulator that are electrically connected respectively with described solar panel in described cabinet.Adopt solar poweredly, can be whole monitoring system continual power supply is provided, guarantee whole system normal work all the year round.
Further, described main frame, wireless communication module are all located in cabinet, and described main frame is electrically connected with respectively LCDs and keyboard.Realize visualized operation, intuitively easy.
Further, described evaporation tub is provided with the spill pipe near bung, and described spill pipe below is provided with hydrosphere.Spill pipe can play guide functions when overflow, can flow directly in hydrosphere.
Further, the water inlet of described suction piping is provided with screen pack.Impurity screening, avoids the wearing and tearing of impurity to small pump.
Further, described moisturizing bucket is provided with bung, and small pump is arranged on moisturizing bucket top.Bung can reduce moisturizing inner bucket water and divide evaporation, and small pump has cover to cover, and that can avoid exposing to the sun and rain wrecks, and can also reduce floor area, simplied system structure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is system chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, further describe the present invention.
A kind of Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, as shown in Figure 1, comprise evaporation tub 1, in described evaporation tub 1, be provided with Water level measuring sensor 2, described Water level measuring sensor 2 is electrically connected with the monitor 3 of controlling its continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval, and described monitor 3 is also electrically connected with respectively rain gage 4, small pump 5; Described small pump 5 is connected with moisturizing bucket 51 by inlet channel, and is connected with described evaporation tub 1 by outlet conduit.
In evaporation tub, moisture constantly evaporates, water level is when constantly decline, when Water level measuring sensor 2 detects water level and drops to moisturizing line, monitor 3 is controlled small pump 5 and is started to the interior moisturizing of evaporation tub 1, until water level stops while reaching the height of setting, at moisturizing process middle water level survey sensor 2, still carry out the Real-time Collection of waterlevel data, monitor calculates rate of water make-up and records according to the height of water level before and after moisturizing.
When rainfall, may there is overflow phenomena in evaporation tub, rainfall amount while now starting to end from overflow is equal to spillway discharge substantially, the rainfall amount that the water level that monitor 3 collects according to collection Water level measuring sensor 2 and rain gage 4 collect calculates the rainfall amount during overflow, thereby has indirectly realized the measurement of spillway discharge.
Provide the evaporation capacity computing formula of program below:
During without rainfall, evaporation capacity computing formula is as follows:
Evaporation capacity=water level slippage+rate of water make-up
In formula, rate of water make-up is more than or equal to 0, and unit is millimeter; Water level falling head has positive and negative, and for just representing that water level declines, for water level after negative indication moisturizing rises, unit is millimeter.
During rainfall, evaporation capacity computing formula is as follows:
Evaporation capacity=rainfall amount-spillway discharge-water level rise amount+rate of water make-up
When overflow, water level rise amount is 0, and rate of water make-up is 0.
When there is no overflow, spillway discharge is 0, evaporation capacity=rainfall amount-water level rise amount+rate of water make-up;
In above formula, unit is all millimeter.
In sum, this Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, first, by the judgement of SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend, analyzes extraneous weather conditions, and then minute situation selects corresponding computing formula to calculate, and the evaporation capacity of having realized various weather conditions calculates.During due to rainfall, rainfall amount error is larger on the impact of evaporation capacity measuring accuracy, in prior art, the evaporation capacity of duration of raining measured and combined measurement without the evaporation capacity measurement of duration of raining, will give the evaporation capacity without duration of raining by the evaporation capacity error band of duration of raining, be not easy to the rejecting of the evaporation capacity gross error brought due to rainfall, for example among one day, the evaporation capacity without duration of raining is 1mm, the evaporation capacity of duration of raining is-2mm, according to measuring method of the prior art, calculating so the total evaporation capacity of whole day is-1mm, represents not evaporation; Yet, total evaporation capacity should be 1mm in fact, and Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system of the present invention is owing to carrying out at times evaporation capacity measurement, is measuring duration of raining evaporation capacity when negative, automatically this section of evaporation capacity note is zero, thus the rejecting of the evaporation capacity gross error that realization brings rainfall.
Further, as shown in Figure 2, described monitor 3 is provided with take the main frame that single-chip microcomputer is core, and described main frame is electrically connected with wireless communication module, and described wireless communication module is electrically connected with antenna, and described aerial network is connected with monitor server; Described single-chip microcomputer is 51 series monolithics; Described wireless communication module is GPRS/GSM communication module; Described Water level measuring sensor 2 is high precision magnetostriction Water level measuring sensor.Monitor 3 is by collection, processing and the storage of host computer control data, wireless communication module can read the data of host stores, and upload to monitor server through aerial network, for the client who authorizes, by client terminal, sign in to monitor server, check and download the hydrologic monitoring data such as evaporation capacity, rainfall amount, also can input instruction by client terminal and carry out remote control monitor.
Further, described monitor 3 comprises cabinet and cabinet stand, and described cabinet top is provided with solar panel, is provided with the charge controller, the accumulator that are electrically connected respectively with described solar panel in described cabinet.Described main frame, wireless communication module and antenna are all located in cabinet, and described main frame is electrically connected with respectively LCDs and keyboard.Charge controller can be controlled solar panel automatically to charge in batteries, thereby is main frame and whole system power supply, owing to utilizing sun power as primary energy, is particularly suitable for the hydrologic monitoring system of field work.
Further, described evaporation tub 1 is provided with the spill pipe 11 near bung, and described spill pipe 11 belows are provided with hydrosphere 12.The water inlet of described suction piping is provided with screen pack 52.Described moisturizing bucket 51 is provided with bung, is provided with the dividing plate that supports described small pump 5 in moisturizing bucket 51, and described dividing plate is arranged on moisturizing bucket 51 tops.
The technical scheme above embodiment of the present invention being provided is described in detail, applied specific case herein the principle of the embodiment of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to help to understand the principle of the embodiment of the present invention; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in embodiment and range of application, all will change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.
Claims (7)
1. a Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system, comprise evaporation tub, it is characterized in that: in described evaporation tub, be provided with Water level measuring sensor, described Water level measuring sensor is electrically connected with the monitor of controlling its continuous acquisition waterlevel data within the unit interval, and described monitor is also electrically connected with respectively rain gage, small pump; Described small pump is connected with moisturizing bucket by inlet channel, and is connected with described evaporation tub by outlet conduit.
2. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitor is provided with take the main frame that single-chip microcomputer is core, described main frame is electrically connected with wireless communication module, described wireless communication module is electrically connected with antenna, and described aerial network is connected with monitor server; Described single-chip microcomputer is 51 series monolithics; Described wireless communication module is GPRS/GSM communication module; Described Water level measuring sensor is high precision magnetostriction Water level measuring sensor.
3. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described monitor comprises cabinet and cabinet stand, described cabinet top is provided with solar panel, is provided with the charge controller, the accumulator that are electrically connected respectively with described solar panel in described cabinet.
4. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described main frame, wireless communication module are all located in cabinet, and described main frame is electrically connected with respectively LCDs and keyboard.
5. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described evaporation tub is provided with the spill pipe near bung, and described spill pipe below is provided with hydrosphere.
6. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water inlet of described suction piping is provided with screen pack.
7. Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described moisturizing bucket is provided with bung, and small pump is arranged on moisturizing bucket top.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105987858A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-05 | 浙江省水文局 | Automatic real-time online evaporation measuring apparatus |
| CN106443836A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | Liquid level meter type rain gauge |
| CN106442206A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Water surface evaporation automatic measurement device for eliminating rainfall influence |
| CN107037503A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-08-11 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | A kind of evaporation from water surface measurement apparatus and system |
| CN107158726A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-15 | 成都汉维斯科技有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic evaporation station |
| CN108490504A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-04 | 新疆大学 | Water surface evaporation automatic metering controller |
| CN111044124A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-21 | 西藏农牧学院 | Water surface evaporation amount monitoring system and method |
| CN111795733A (en) * | 2019-09-07 | 2020-10-20 | 孙中一 | Evaporation sensor |
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| CN101236260A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-08-06 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Evaporation based irrigation prealarming device and its operation method |
| CN101706590A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-05-12 | 河海大学 | Automatic evaporation station with three tipping buckets |
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| CN101000380A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-18 | 王学永 | Photoelectric induction type automatic electronic integral measuring instrument for precipatation evaporation |
| CN101236260A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2008-08-06 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Evaporation based irrigation prealarming device and its operation method |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105987858A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-05 | 浙江省水文局 | Automatic real-time online evaporation measuring apparatus |
| CN105987858B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-01-18 | 浙江省水文局 | A kind of automatic real-time online evaporation measuring device |
| CN106442206A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Water surface evaporation automatic measurement device for eliminating rainfall influence |
| CN106443836A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | Liquid level meter type rain gauge |
| CN107037503A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-08-11 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | A kind of evaporation from water surface measurement apparatus and system |
| CN107037503B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2023-06-27 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | Water surface evaporation measuring device and system |
| CN107158726A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-15 | 成都汉维斯科技有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic evaporation station |
| CN107158726B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-07-02 | 成都汉维斯科技有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic evaporation station |
| CN108490504A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-09-04 | 新疆大学 | Water surface evaporation automatic metering controller |
| CN111795733A (en) * | 2019-09-07 | 2020-10-20 | 孙中一 | Evaporation sensor |
| CN111044124A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-21 | 西藏农牧学院 | Water surface evaporation amount monitoring system and method |
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