CN212009004U - Rain gauge outdoor detection device based on weighing constant volume - Google Patents
Rain gauge outdoor detection device based on weighing constant volume Download PDFInfo
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- CN212009004U CN212009004U CN202020893358.2U CN202020893358U CN212009004U CN 212009004 U CN212009004 U CN 212009004U CN 202020893358 U CN202020893358 U CN 202020893358U CN 212009004 U CN212009004 U CN 212009004U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a detecting instrument for tipping bucket formula rain gauge mainly is online detection, failure diagnosis and the calibration of tipping bucket formula rain gauge, and specifically speaking relates to a rain gauge verification system who possesses online calibration function. The rain gauge verification system comprises a calibrator and a computer control end, wherein a main control chip of the calibrator is an STM32 single chip microcomputer, and other hardware of the calibrator further comprises a water pump, a temperature and humidity sensor, a clock timer module, a rain sensor, a pressure sensor, a water storage chamber and a GSM/GPRS wireless communication module. The computer control end needs specific software, can carry out corresponding operation on the calibrator through the software, and can process, analyze and record data returned by the calibrator and generate visual feedback of a report. Therefore, regular remote monitoring of the tipping bucket type rain gauge can be better realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a rain volume monitoring field especially relates to a rain gauge outdoor checkout device based on constant volume of weighing in meteorological affairs.
Background
Rainfall samplers used by environmental monitoring departments or meteorological monitoring departments are generally provided with rain gauges. For the accuracy of sampling, the accuracy of the rain gauge needs to be regularly detected. A general detection method of the rain gauge comprises the steps of taking a fixed amount of water, enabling the fixed amount of water to flow into a water bearing funnel of the rain gauge at a fixed speed in a specified time length, simulating precipitation record values of the rain gauge in precipitation environments with different rain intensities, and determining the accuracy of the rain gauge after comparing the precipitation record values with calibrated values. The existing rain gauge detection and calibration device is divided into an outdoor field detection device and an indoor detection device according to use occasions.
The indoor detection device needs to be operated manually, and the rain gauge is taken back indoors at regular time for detection, so that the indoor detection device is complicated, time-consuming and labor-consuming. The outdoor field rain gauge detection and calibration device generally depends on manual detection or simply adds a counter, and the specific method is to take a certain amount of water, control the water to flow into the rain gauge in a specified time length through manual control or by adopting a flow-limiting valve, so that the working condition of the rain gauge under different rainfalls is simulated.
The field rain gauge detection and calibration device in the prior art generally depends on manual detection or simply adds a counter, and the specific method is to take a certain amount of water, control the water to flow into the rain gauge in a specified time length through manual control or by adopting a flow-limiting valve, so that the working condition of the rain gauge under different rain intensities is simulated. Such products have the following drawbacks: (1) the operation is basically operated manually, and the operation is complicated, time-consuming and labor-consuming; (2) data acquisition is greatly influenced by human factors of operators, misoperation is difficult to avoid sometimes, and uncertain factors are more.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and constant volume.
For realizing the utility model aims at providing a rain gauge outdoor checkout device based on constant volume of weighing, include: the system comprises a tipping bucket type rain gauge, a water pump, a water pipe, a single chip microcomputer, a wireless communication module, a filter screen, a pressure sensor, a water storage chamber and a computer control end; the top of the water storage chamber is opened.
The water storage type rain gauge is arranged on the protective bucket edge of the tipping bucket type rain gauge; the pressure sensor is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the water storage chamber; the filter screen is horizontally arranged at the top opening of the water storage chamber and covers the top opening; the water pump is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge and is close to the opening at the top end of the protective barrel; the water pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge, one end of the water pipe penetrates through the water pump and extends into the funnel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge, and the other end of the water pipe penetrates through the filter screen and is arranged at the bottom of the water storage chamber; the single chip microcomputer and the wireless communication module are both arranged at the bottom of the tipping bucket type rain gauge and are positioned in an area between a protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge and the rain gauge.
The single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the wireless communication module, the pressure sensor and the water pump.
The computer control end sends an instruction to the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer receives the instruction to open the water pump, the water pipe injects water into the rain gauge of the tipping bucket rain gauge, the single chip microcomputer collects data of the tipping bucket rain gauge, after collection is completed, the single chip microcomputer sets the driving voltage of the water pump to be 0, the water pump stops working, the single chip microcomputer transmits the collected data of the tipping bucket rain gauge to the computer control end through the wireless communication module, and the computer control end receives the data, stores the data and displays the data.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a rain sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor; the rainwater sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge; the temperature and humidity sensor is arranged at the bottom of the tipping bucket rain gauge and is positioned in a region between a protective barrel of the tipping bucket rain gauge and the rain gauge; the rainwater sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer.
In one embodiment, further comprising: the clock timer module is connected with the single chip microcomputer and is used for timing the work of the single chip microcomputer.
In the above embodiment, the single chip microcomputer is an STM32 single chip microcomputer.
In one embodiment, the single chip microcomputer, the clock timer module and the wireless communication module are respectively subjected to waterproof treatment by using a sealed waterproof box.
In the above embodiment, the single chip microcomputer collects station information and transmits the station information to the computer control terminal through the wireless communication module, and the computer control terminal receives and displays the station information.
Above-mentioned outdoor detection device of rain gauge based on constant volume of weighing can long-rangely accomplish on-the-spot verification process, does not need the manual work to carry calibrating installation to go to the scene, has effectively saved the human cost of examination, has improved the work efficiency of examination to it is relatively poor to have solved current outdoor rain gauge calibration equipment accuracy, and the difference is great around the velocity of water, the length of water flow time is unstable, the different rain of unable accurate simulation problem strong. In addition, the integrated operation system for centralized control of water injection, signal acquisition and data processing can meet all the requirements on a unified working line only by starting a verification program at a remote operation end, and the automation and intelligence level of meteorological observation are greatly improved. The temperature and humidity sensor can judge the environmental conditions before the detection starts, so that the inconvenience brought to detection by rainfall weather is avoided, the outdoor detection special environment is better adapted, and the practicability of the observation equipment is improved.
The rain gauge outdoor detection device based on the weighing constant volume is used, only the remote starting verification program is needed, the whole process does not need manual intervention completely, the labor cost is saved greatly, and the verification efficiency is improved. The flow rate and the flow rate are controlled by the peristaltic pump in the system, and the system is more stable and accurate compared with the traditional verification method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and constant volume according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a data flow chart of an outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and sizing according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and volume fixing according to an embodiment, and the outdoor rain gauge detection device is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a tipping bucket type rain gauge 2, a water pump 3, a water pipe 4, a singlechip 10, a wireless communication module 53, a filter screen 6, a pressure sensor 7, a water storage chamber 8 and a computer control end 9; the top of the water storage chamber 8 is open.
The water storage type 8 is arranged on the protective bucket edge of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2; the pressure sensor 7 is arranged at the outer side of the bottom of the water storage chamber 8; the filter screen 6 is horizontally arranged at the top opening of the water storage chamber 8 and covers the top opening; the water pump 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2 and close to the opening at the top end of the protective barrel; the water pipe 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2, one end of the water pipe penetrates through the water pump 3 and extends into the funnel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2, and the other end of the water pipe penetrates through the filter screen 6 and is placed at the bottom of the water storage chamber 8; the single chip microcomputer 10 and the wireless communication module 53 are both arranged at the bottom of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2 and are positioned in the area between the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2 and the rain gauge.
The single chip microcomputer 10 is respectively connected with the wireless communication module 53, the pressure sensor 7 and the water pump 3.
The computer control end 9 sends an instruction to the single chip microcomputer 10, the single chip microcomputer 10 receives the instruction to open the water pump 3, the water pipe 4 injects water into the rain gauge of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2, the single chip microcomputer 10 collects data of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2, after collection is completed, the single chip microcomputer 10 sets the driving voltage of the water pump 3 to 0, the water pump 3 stops working, the single chip microcomputer 10 transmits the collected data of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2 to the computer control end 9 through the wireless communication module 53, and the computer control end 9 receives the data, stores the data and displays the data.
The invention designs a rain gauge calibration system with an online calibration function for the current situation. The system can automatically monitor the environment humidity, automatically simulate and monitor various rain intensities according to the remote control end, and finally collect signals to carry out data processing. The system mainly comprises a water pump, an STM32 single chip microcomputer (STM32 is an ideological semiconductor 32-bit series microcontroller chip), a temperature and humidity sensor, a clock timer module, a rainwater sensor, a pressure sensor, a water storage chamber and a GSM/GPRS wireless communication module. The clock timing module is internally provided with a crystal oscillator, the vibration frequency of the crystal oscillator is stable, for example, the frequency of one crystal oscillator is 8MHz, and the crystal oscillator vibrates 8 multiplied by 10^6 times, namely one second, and based on the principle, the timing can be realized.
Firstly, a singlechip in the system controls the rotating speed of the water pump through DA output so as to control the pumping speed of the water pump (the rotating speed of the water pump is related to driving voltage, under the condition that the rotating speed is not more than rated voltage, the rotating speed is faster when the voltage is higher, DA means that digital signals are converted into analog signals for output, and the purpose of controlling the magnitude of the output voltage so as to control the rotating speed of the water pump) so as to realize automatic simulation of precipitation; the water storage chamber is positioned above the pressure sensor, and the weight can be measured by the pressure sensor, so that the fixed rainfall test is realized; then, a temperature and humidity sensor is additionally arranged to realize the monitoring of environmental conditions; secondly, the computer control end realizes unified management of site information; and the wireless communication technology is used for solving the problem of remote control; the liquid level of the water storage chamber is monitored by using the pressure sensor, so that the problem of circulating water supply is solved; and finally, wireless communication realizes the functions of checking the state and storing data in different places. Compared with the traditional verification method, the tipping bucket type rain gauge online verification system effectively improves the verification precision and the work efficiency and has better outdoor adaptability.
The calibrator is controlled by an STM32 singlechip, and the singlechip communicates with a GSM/GPRS wireless communication module through a serial port (namely, wired connection is needed, and the protocol is international RS232), so that wireless long-distance communication with a computer control end is realized, and the distance constraint of wired communication is eliminated. The single chip is communicated with the temperature and humidity sensor, the clock timer module, the rainwater sensor and the pressure sensor through an I2C protocol, and the running speed of the single chip processor is increased. The singlechip controls the rotating speed of the water pump through DA output so as to control the pumping speed of the water pump. The water pipe of water pump inserts the reservoir chamber, and the filter screen is installed additional at the reservoir chamber top, can collect the rainwater and be used for the examination. The filter screen can filter out impurities and reduce the acidity of rainwater. The single chip microcomputer is additionally provided with a pin for collecting a rain gauge signal, a reed switch on the tipping bucket type rain gauge can send a pulse signal, the tipping bucket of the rain gauge can send a pulse once, the pin is required to collect the signal and count (how many pulse signals are collected), so that the tipping bucket of the rain gauge is calculated for several times, and then the rainfall intensity is calculated through the functional relation between the tipping bucket times and the rainfall intensity.
In addition, the computer control end 9 can also close the automatic detection operation and manually start the single detection operation. The computer control end 9 can also be replaced by a mobile phone end or a tablet computer end as long as the support of corresponding terminal software is provided.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a rain sensor 1 and a temperature and humidity sensor 54; the rainwater sensor 1 is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2; the temperature and humidity sensor 54 is arranged at the bottom of the tipping bucket rain gauge 2 and is positioned in the area between the protective barrel of the tipping bucket rain gauge 2 and the rain gauge; the rain sensor 1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 54 are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer 10.
The equipped rain sensor 1 and the humidity sensor 54 can judge the environmental conditions before the detection starts, so that the inconvenience brought to the detection by precipitation weather is avoided, the special environment of outdoor detection is better adapted, and the practicability of the observation equipment is improved. After the detection is started, the computer control end 9 sends an instruction to the single chip microcomputer 10, the single chip microcomputer 10 receives the instruction to collect environmental data of the rainwater sensor 1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 54, the single chip microcomputer 10 transmits the collected environmental data to the computer control end 9 through the wireless communication module 53, the computer control end 9 receives the environmental data and analyzes the environmental data, and the environmental data must meet requirements at the same time: the rainfall value of the rainwater sensor 1 is equal to 0, the temperature of the temperature and humidity sensor 54 is not lower than 4 ℃ and the humidity is not more than 80%, if the environmental data meet the requirements, the computer control end 9 sends an instruction to the single chip microcomputer 10 to start detection work, and if the environmental data do not meet the requirements, the detection work is stopped.
In the above embodiment, the method further includes: the clock timer module 52, the clock timer module 52 is connected to the single chip microcomputer 10, and the clock timer module 52 is configured to time the operation of the single chip microcomputer 10.
Referring to fig. 2, which is a data flow chart of a rain gauge calibration system with an online calibration function according to an embodiment, after the single chip microcomputer 10 is powered on by a direct current power supply, the system starts to operate, a clock timer 52 starts to start a first detection period, the single chip microcomputer 10 collects environmental data collected by the rain sensor 1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 54, after the environmental data meets the requirements that the rain does not fall, the temperature is not lower than 4 ℃, and the humidity is not higher than 80%, a control circuit of the single chip microcomputer 10 starts a water pump 3 to operate, water enters the rain gauge from a water storage chamber 8, the single chip microcomputer 10 collects the data, and after collection is finished (for example, when the water storage chamber has 90ml, a pressure value at this time of the pressure sensor 7 is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer 10, which is equivalent to telling that the single chip microcomputer 10 can stop collecting operation), the control circuit of the single chip microcomputer 10 sets the driving voltage of the water pump 3 to 0, so that the water pump stops working, and the single chip microcomputer 10 transmits the acquired data to the computer control end 12 through the wireless communication module 53. If the environmental data does not meet the requirements, the single chip microcomputer 10 collects the environmental data again and transmits the environmental data to the computer control end 12 through the wireless communication module, the computer control end 12 analyzes whether the environmental data meets the requirements or not, if the environmental data does not meet the requirements, the single chip microcomputer 10 circularly collects the environmental data again and transmits the environmental data to the computer control end, and the next verification period is skipped when the cycle is repeated until a timing period is finished. The computer control terminal 9 can set the authentication period in units of days, such as 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, etc.
In one embodiment, the single chip microcomputer 10 is an STM32 single chip microcomputer.
STM32 is collectively known as the STM 32-bit series microcontroller chip, ST semiconductor (STMicroelectronics). The STM32 family is based on an ARM Cortex-M3 core specifically designed for embedded applications requiring high performance, low cost, and low power consumption.
In one embodiment, the single chip microcomputer 10, the clock timer module 52 and the wireless communication module 53 are respectively waterproof-treated by using a sealed waterproof box.
The electronic components such as the single chip microcomputer 10, the clock timing module 52 and the wireless communication module 53 are aged in advance and even directly scrapped due to water inflow, so that waterproof treatment is required to prolong the service life of the electronic components.
In one embodiment, the single chip microcomputer 10 collects station information and transmits the station information to the computer control terminal 9 through the wireless communication module 53, and the computer control terminal 9 receives and displays the station information.
The station information is the position information of the place where the tipping bucket rain gauge is placed, the computer control end can display and modify the station name, check the geographic position of the station, check the verification date and the like, the centralized management of the rainfall information is facilitated, the remote end can also send verification commands, display results and collect data to be stored in a warehouse, and the business application of the Internet of things technology is effectively realized.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
It should be noted that the terms "first \ second \ third" referred to in the embodiments of the present application merely distinguish similar objects, and do not represent a specific ordering for the objects, and it should be understood that "first \ second \ third" may exchange a specific order or sequence when allowed. It should be understood that "first \ second \ third" distinct objects may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.
The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or device that comprises a list of steps or modules is not limited to the listed steps or modules but may alternatively include other steps or modules not listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or device.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an outdoor detection device of hyetometer based on constant volume of weighing which characterized in that includes: the rain gauge comprises a tipping bucket type rain gauge (2), a water pump (3), a water pipe (4), a single chip microcomputer (10), a wireless communication module (53), a filter screen (6), a pressure sensor (7), a water storage chamber (8) and a computer control end (9); the top of the water storage chamber (8) is opened;
the water storage chamber (8) is arranged on the protective bucket edge of the tipping bucket type rain gauge (2); the pressure sensor (7) is arranged at the outer side of the bottom of the water storage chamber (8); the filter screen (6) is horizontally arranged at the top opening of the water storage chamber (8) and covers the top opening; the water pump (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge (2) and is close to the opening at the top end of the protective barrel; the water pipe (4) is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket rain gauge (2), one end of the water pipe penetrates through the water pump (3) and extends into the funnel of the tipping bucket rain gauge (2), and the other end of the water pipe penetrates through the filter screen (6) and is placed at the bottom of the water storage chamber (8); the single chip microcomputer (10) and the wireless communication module (53) are both arranged at the bottom of the tipping bucket type rain gauge (2) and are positioned in an area between a protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge (2) and the rain gauge;
the single chip microcomputer (10) is respectively connected with the wireless communication module (53), the pressure sensor (7) and the water pump (3);
computer control end (9) send the instruction give singlechip (10), singlechip (10) accept the instruction and open water pump (3), water pipe (4) to water injection in the pluviometer of tipping bucket formula pluviometer (2), singlechip (10) gather the data of tipping bucket formula pluviometer (2), gather the back, singlechip (10) will the driving voltage of water pump (3) is 0, water pump (3) stop work, singlechip (10) will gather the data of tipping bucket formula pluviometer (2) pass through wireless communication module (53) transmit for computer control end (9), computer control end (9) accept data, save data and display data.
2. The outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and constant volume of the claim 1 is characterized by further comprising: a rain sensor (1) and a temperature and humidity sensor (54); the rainwater sensor (1) is arranged on the outer wall of the protective barrel of the tipping bucket type rain gauge (2); the temperature and humidity sensor (54) is arranged at the bottom of the tipping bucket rain gauge (2) and is positioned in an area between a protective barrel of the tipping bucket rain gauge (2) and the rain gauge; the rainwater sensor (1) and the temperature and humidity sensor (54) are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer (10).
3. The outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and constant volume of claim 2, further comprising: the clock timer module (52), the clock timer module (52) is connected with the singlechip (10), and the clock timer module (52) is used for timing the work of the singlechip (10).
4. The outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and constant volume of claim 3 is characterized in that the single chip microcomputer (10) adopts an STM32 single chip microcomputer.
5. The outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and constant volume according to claim 4, wherein the single chip microcomputer (10), the clock timer module (52) and the wireless communication module (53) are respectively subjected to waterproof treatment by using a sealed waterproof box.
6. The outdoor rain gauge detection device based on weighing and constant volume of claim 5, wherein the single chip microcomputer (10) collects station information and transmits the station information to the computer control end (9) through the wireless communication module (53), and the computer control end (9) receives and displays the station information.
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| CN202020893358.2U CN212009004U (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Rain gauge outdoor detection device based on weighing constant volume |
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| CN202020893358.2U CN212009004U (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Rain gauge outdoor detection device based on weighing constant volume |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112927595A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-08 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Rainfall simulation random occurrence control system, method, storage medium and application |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112927595A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-08 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Rainfall simulation random occurrence control system, method, storage medium and application |
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