CN101236260A - Evaporation based irrigation prealarming device and its operation method - Google Patents
Evaporation based irrigation prealarming device and its operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101236260A CN101236260A CNA2008100493126A CN200810049312A CN101236260A CN 101236260 A CN101236260 A CN 101236260A CN A2008100493126 A CNA2008100493126 A CN A2008100493126A CN 200810049312 A CN200810049312 A CN 200810049312A CN 101236260 A CN101236260 A CN 101236260A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an irrigation early warning device, in particular to an irrigation early warning device based on evaporation capacity and an operation method thereof. The irrigation early warning device comprises an evaporation capacity measuring device, an udometer, a controller and an alarm device, wherein, the evaporation capacity measuring device, the udometer and the alarm device are respectively connected with the controller which is used for receiving evaporation signals of the evaporation capacity measuring device and rainfall signals of the udometer and controlling the operation of the alarm device. The invention can be used no matter in a small parcel of rice field or a large parcel of rice field; due to adoption of automatic water replenishing design, time and labor are saved and the operation is simple and convenient; accumulated evaporation capacity is recorded automatically, and the measuring precision is high; dynamic irrigation early warning can be implemented according to rainfall conditions.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to agricultural irrigation technology, relate to a kind of irrigation prealarming device, particularly a kind of irrigation prealarming device and method of operating thereof based on evaporation capacity.
Background technology:
Irrigating early warning is to realize one of crop important channel in good time, that irrigate in right amount.Mostly present irrigation prealarming device is with soil moisture content or soil water potential as irrigating warning index, be exactly by the soil water regime in the soil moisture sensor monitoring crop root layer, judge whether to reach the soil moisture lower control limit value that sets in advance and irrigate early warning.Because the soil moisture of soil moisture sensor monitoring can only reflect the information of a monitoring point, farmland soil moisture often exists than the large space variability in the reality, the determining soil moisture result of a monitoring point is not enough to represent the soil moisture content in whole farmland, therefore, the soil water regime in a farmland of monitoring generally need be buried a large amount of moisture transducer probes underground, cost is very high, is difficult for being accepted by peasant household.On the other hand, the soil moisture sensor probe is subjected to the interference of multiple factors such as temperature, salt accumulation easily, and measuring accuracy and reliability are relatively poor, and demarcates, installs, safeguards and also compare difficulty, thereby its application is very limited.At the problems referred to above, propose a kind of easy and simple to handle, towards the irrigation early warning technology of peasant household, be implemented in than instructing crop irrigation on the large scale,, realize that the efficient utilization of limited water resources has very important significance for the scientific process of quickening China's irrigation management.Since the eighties in last century, developed country such as the U.S., Australia brings into use A grade standard evaporating dish to determine irrigation time and irrigation quantity, in recent years, China tests aspect the chamber crop irrigation utilizing the 20cm standard pan to instruct under the slight irrigation condition, finds that greenhouse tomato is irrigated by irrigation quantity and evaporation capacity at 1: 1 can obtain higher output.But from practical situations, these existing devices all exist certain problem.Aspect the evaporation capacity monitoring, because that evaporation capacity is influenced by water level in the evaporating dish is bigger, in order to keep water level stable in the evaporating dish, need frequently add water in use, operating process is more loaded down with trivial details, and evaporation capacity is mainly by the naked-eye observation record, and error is bigger; Irrigate warning aspect, when existing device uses under field condition this factor of rainfall is considered inadequately, and do not had the automatic early-warning function, need the user could determine irrigation period and irrigation quantity by hand computation.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a kind of and carry out the automatic irrigation early warning, irrigation prealarming device and method of operating thereof that guides user is irrigated in good time based on evaporation capacity by automatic measurement evaporation capacity and rainfall amount.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity, comprise evaporation capacity measurement mechanism, rain gage, controller and warning device, evaporation capacity measurement mechanism, rain gage, warning device link to each other with controller respectively, controller is used to receive the evaporation signal and the udometric rainfall signal of evaporation capacity measurement mechanism, the work of control warning device.
The evaporation capacity measurement mechanism comprises evaporating dish, the hutch water device by being communicated with evaporating dish communicating pipe, and differential pressure pickup is installed on hutch water device, and differential pressure pickup is connected with controller by distribution; Be provided with guard at the evaporating dish top, sidewall is provided with overflow vent, the overflow vent lower edge apart from the evaporating dish top apart from 2cm～5cm; One draft tube is installed on hutch water device, the draft tube both ends open, its lower ending opening place and overflow vent lower edge are contour, and its upper end open place communicates with atmosphere; One water filling port is arranged at the hutch water device top, and water filling port has a sealing-plug; One valve was installed on communicating pipe.
Controller comprises single-chip microcomputer, 2 sensor interfaces, keyboard, clock system, power supply, data-carrier store, alarm module, liquid crystal display; Wherein single-chip microcomputer adopts the MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer, and sensor interface adopts A/D14 position translation interface, and keyboard is touch 2 row of dustproof and waterproof * 4 row keyboards, and data-carrier store adopts the 2KBFLASH storer, and TS136 type LCD MODULE is adopted in liquid crystal display.
A kind of method of operating of the irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity is for after finishing water filling work, the user at first carries out man-machine conversation by the keyboard on the controller, input allows the evaporation value, and is kept in the data-carrier store, simultaneously input system time and date, measurement spacing parameter; Every day regularly surveyed from rain gage whether the rainfall generation is arranged by a sensor interface by controller after setting was finished, if any rainfall, then revise, and original permission evaporation capacity is replaced with this revised value according to the permission evaporation capacity of preserving the right data-carrier store of the rainfall amount that reads from rain gage; Controller reads an accumulation evaporation value by another sensor interface from differential pressure pickup then, and value is evaporated in the permission of preserving in this accumulation that records evaporation value and the data-carrier store compare, if the accumulation evaporation capacity that records is less than allowing evaporation capacity, then repeat said process, up to the accumulation evaporation capacity that records when allowing evaporation capacity, controller is given warning device by alarm module output early warning signal, sends sound, visual alarm, reminds the user to irrigate.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, because evaporation capacity is influenced by meteorological combined factors mainly, no matter is all can use, both is fit to peasant household, also be fit to water pipe mechanism of basic unit and instruct regional field irrigation management at small scale field piece or bigger regional farmland based on the irrigation prealarming device of evaporation capacity.
2, the evaporation capacity measurement mechanism adopts the automatic water supplement design, does not need in the use manually to add water, and is time saving and energy saving, easy and simple to handle; The accumulation evaporation capacity is by the automatic record of sensor, measuring accuracy height.
3, the present invention can adjust the irrigation warning index at any time according to the rainfall situation, is a kind of dynamic irrigation early warning, thereby more realistic, and practical value is higher.
4, the present invention can be used in the varying environments such as greenhouse, land for growing field crops and afforestation, and multiple irrigation methods such as sprinkling irrigation, slight irrigation and ground filling are all had adaptability preferably.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of evaporation capacity measurement mechanism.
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of controller.
Fig. 4 irrigates the early warning process flow diagram.
Embodiment:
Below describe and only represent a kind of embodiment of the present invention,, and do not limit the invention just for further the present invention will be described.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention includes evaporation capacity measurement mechanism 1, rain gage 2, controller 3 and warning device 4; This evaporation capacity measurement mechanism 1 comprises evaporating dish 7, hutch water device 12, communicating pipe 10, differential pressure pickup 16; Evaporating dish 7 tops are provided with guard 9, its mesh size 20mm, and evaporating dish 7 sidewalls are provided with overflow vent 8, and apart from 2cm～5cm, the best is 3cm apart from evaporating dish 7 top in its lower edge; One draft tube 15 is arranged on this hutch water device 12, its aperture 2.5mm, draft tube 15 both ends opens, its lower ending opening place and overflow vent 8 lower edges are contour, and its upper end open place communicates with atmosphere; One water filling port 13 is arranged at hutch water device 12 tops, and water filling port 13 has a sealing-plug 14, blocks water filling port 13 with sealing-plug 14 after water filling is finished, and forms a sealed air chamber in hutch water device 12.Be communicated with by communicating pipe 10 between hutch water device 12 and the evaporating dish 7, valve 11 was arranged on communicating pipe 10, valve 11 is closed when giving 1 water filling of evaporation capacity measurement mechanism, opens after water filling is finished.When evaporation takes place, decline of water table in the evaporating dish 7, the water yield of vaporization loss is replenished at any time by hutch water device 12 in the evaporating dish 7, measures the water yield that reduces in the hutch water device 12 by differential pressure pickup 16 and just can measure the accumulation evaporation capacity.
As shown in Figure 3, controller 3 comprises 18,2 sensor interfaces 19 of single-chip microcomputer, keyboard 20, clock system 21, power supply 22, data-carrier store 23, alarm module 24, liquid crystal display 25; Wherein adopt the MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer during single-chip microcomputer 18, sensor interface 19 adopts A/D14 position translation interface, signal from differential pressure pickup 16 and rain gage 2 collections is carried out digital-to-analogue to be transformed, keyboard 20 is touch 2 row of dustproof and waterproof * 4 row keyboards, data-carrier store 23 adopts the 2KBFLASH storer, TS136 type LCD MODULE is adopted in liquid crystal display 25, and power supply adopts the 1500mAh lithium battery.
Shown in Fig. 1,3, warning device 4 comprises a pilot lamp 5 and a loudspeaker 6, this warning device 4 is behind the early warning signal that the alarm module 24 that receives controller 3 sends, drive pilot lamp 5 and loudspeaker 6, make pilot lamp 5 luminous, and make loudspeaker 6 send alarm sound, remind the user to irrigate.Differential pressure pickup 16 is connected with a sensor interface of controller 3 by distribution 17, and rain gage 2 is connected with another sensor interface of controller 3 by distribution.Warning device 4 comprises pilot lamp 5, loudspeaker 6, and pilot lamp 5 is connected with the alarm module 24 of controller 3 with loudspeaker 6, and alarm module 24 drives the luminous and loudspeaker 6 of pilot lamp 5 and sends alarm sound.
Further set forth the course of work of apparatus of the present invention below in conjunction with Fig. 4: after finishing water filling work, the user at first carries out man-machine conversation by the button of the keyboard on the controller 3 20, input allows the evaporation value, and be kept in the data-carrier store 23, input system time and date, measurement simultaneously be parameters such as (24 hours) at interval; 3 every days regularly surveyed from rain gage 2 whether the rainfall generation is arranged by a sensor interface 19 by controller after setting was finished, if rainfall is arranged, then revise, and original permission evaporation capacity is replaced with this revised value according to the permission evaporation capacity of preserving the right data-carrier store 23 of the rainfall amount that reads from rain gage 2; Then, controller 3 reads an accumulation evaporation value by another sensor interface 19 from differential pressure pickup 16, and value is evaporated in the permission of preserving in this accumulation that records evaporation value and the data-carrier store 23 compare, if the accumulation evaporation capacity that records is less than allowing evaporation capacity, then repeat said process, up to the accumulation evaporation capacity that records when allowing evaporation capacity, controller 3 is given warning device 6 by alarm module 24 output early warning signals, send sound, visual alarm, remind the user to irrigate.Like this, signals collecting, conversion, processing, storage, warning are finished continuously and automatically by this device.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity, it comprises evaporation capacity measurement mechanism (1), rain gage (2), controller (3) and warning device (4), it is characterized in that: described evaporation capacity measurement mechanism (1), rain gage (2), warning device (4) are connected with controller (3) respectively, controller (3) is used to receive the evaporation signal of evaporation capacity measurement mechanism (1) and the rainfall signal of rain gage (2), control warning device (4) work.
2, the irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: evaporation capacity measurement mechanism (1) comprises evaporating dish (7), the hutch water device (12) by being communicated with evaporating dish (7) communicating pipe (10), differential pressure pickup (16) is installed on hutch water device (12), and differential pressure pickup (16) is connected with controller (3) by distribution (17).
3, the irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be provided with guard (9) at evaporating dish (7) top, sidewall is provided with overflow vent (8), overflow vent (8) lower edge apart from evaporating dish (7) top apart from 2cm～5cm.
4, the irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: a draft tube (15) is installed on hutch water device (12), draft tube (15) both ends open, its lower ending opening place and overflow vent (8) lower edge are contour, and its upper end open place communicates with atmosphere; One water filling port (13) is arranged at hutch water device (12) top, and water filling port (13) has a sealing-plug (14).
5, the irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity according to claim 2 is characterized in that: a valve (11) was installed on communicating pipe (10).
6, the irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: controller (3) comprises single-chip microcomputer (18), 2 sensor interfaces (19) that are connected with single-chip microcomputer (18), keyboard (20), clock system (21), power supply (22) and the data-carrier store (23) that is connected with single-chip microcomputer (18), alarm module (24), liquid crystal display (25); Wherein single-chip microcomputer (18) adopts the MSP430F149 single-chip microcomputer, sensor interface (19) adopts 14 translation interfaces of A/D, keyboard (20) is touch 2 row of dustproof and waterproof * 4 row keyboards, data-carrier store (23) adopts the 2KBFLASH storer, and TS136 type LCD MODULE is adopted in liquid crystal display (25).
7, the irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: differential pressure pickup (16) is connected with a sensor interface of controller (3) by distribution (17), and rain gage (2) is connected by distribution another sensor interface with controller (3).
8, the irrigation prealarming device based on evaporation capacity according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: warning device (4) comprises pilot lamp (5), loudspeaker (6), pilot lamp (5) is connected with the alarm module (24) of controller (3) with loudspeaker (6), and alarm module (24) drives the luminous and loudspeaker (6) of pilot lamp (5) and sends alarm sound.
9, a kind of method of operating based on the irrigation prealarming device of evaporation capacity as one of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: after finishing water filling work, the user at first carries out man-machine conversation by the button of the keyboard (20) on the controller (3), input allows the evaporation value, and be kept in the data-carrier store (23) while input system time and date, measurement spacing parameter; Every day regularly surveyed from rain gage (2) whether the rainfall generation is arranged by a sensor interface (19) by controller after setting is finished (3), if rainfall is arranged, then revise, and original permission evaporation capacity is replaced with this revised value according to the permission evaporation capacity of preserving the right data-carrier store (23) of the rainfall amount that reads from rain gage (2); Then, controller (3) reads an accumulation evaporation value by another sensor interface (19) from differential pressure pickup (16), and value is evaporated in the permission of preserving in this accumulation that records evaporation value and the data-carrier store (23) compare, if the accumulation evaporation capacity that records is less than allowing evaporation capacity, then repeat said process, up to the accumulation evaporation capacity that records when allowing evaporation capacity, controller (3) is given warning device (6) by alarm module (24) output early warning signal, send sound, visual alarm, remind the user to irrigate.
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| CN101799465A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-08-11 | 天津工程师范学院 | Dry land farmland water potential soft measuring method based on microenvironment information and soft measuring network |
| CN101860566A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业大学 | Invasive plant monitoring sensor network system |
| CN102779391A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-14 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Drought early-warning method and drought early-warning system |
| CN102788625A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2012-11-21 | 上海华建电力设备股份有限公司 | Differential-pressure liquid level transmitter with displaying and alarming functions |
| CN102870654A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-16 | 中国农业大学 | Control system and method for insufficient irrigation of crops |
| CN103299881A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-18 | 青岛恒讯水利科技发展有限公司 | Farmland intelligent irrigation management system |
| CN103760623A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-04-30 | 重庆华正水文仪器有限公司 | Fully-automatic water-surface evaporation-capacity monitoring system |
| CN104904571A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-16 | 苏州工业职业技术学院 | Intelligent farmland irrigation device and control method thereof |
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| CN106613786A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 四川大学 | Irrigation prediction system based on automatic water supplementing evaporating dish |
| CN106768166A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 梁志强 | A kind of irrigation system and the soil evaporativeness sensing device for irrigation system |
| CN107037503A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-08-11 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | A kind of evaporation from water surface measurement apparatus and system |
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| CN108391573A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏大学镇江流体工程装备技术研究院 | A kind of optimization method of irrigation sprinkler irrigating water quota |
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- 2008-03-06 CN CN2008100493126A patent/CN101236260B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101799465B (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2012-10-31 | 天津工程师范学院 | Dry land farmland water potential soft measuring method based on microenvironment information and soft measuring network |
| CN101799465A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-08-11 | 天津工程师范学院 | Dry land farmland water potential soft measuring method based on microenvironment information and soft measuring network |
| CN101860566A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业大学 | Invasive plant monitoring sensor network system |
| CN102788625A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2012-11-21 | 上海华建电力设备股份有限公司 | Differential-pressure liquid level transmitter with displaying and alarming functions |
| CN102779391B (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-09-24 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Drought early-warning method and drought early-warning system |
| CN102779391A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-14 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Drought early-warning method and drought early-warning system |
| CN102870654A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-16 | 中国农业大学 | Control system and method for insufficient irrigation of crops |
| CN103760623A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-04-30 | 重庆华正水文仪器有限公司 | Fully-automatic water-surface evaporation-capacity monitoring system |
| CN103760623B (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆华正水文仪器有限公司 | Full-automatic water surface evaporation capacity monitoring system |
| CN103299881A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-18 | 青岛恒讯水利科技发展有限公司 | Farmland intelligent irrigation management system |
| CN104904571A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-16 | 苏州工业职业技术学院 | Intelligent farmland irrigation device and control method thereof |
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| CN106613786A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 四川大学 | Irrigation prediction system based on automatic water supplementing evaporating dish |
| CN107037503A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-08-11 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | A kind of evaporation from water surface measurement apparatus and system |
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| CN106768166A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-31 | 梁志强 | A kind of irrigation system and the soil evaporativeness sensing device for irrigation system |
| CN107232035A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-10-10 | 江苏长龙国际贸易有限公司 | A kind of potted plant automatic irrigation water replanishing device and its application process |
| CN108061590A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-05-22 | 淮阴工学院 | Vapour-pressure type imbibition detector |
| CN108391573A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏大学镇江流体工程装备技术研究院 | A kind of optimization method of irrigation sprinkler irrigating water quota |
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| CN110692500A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-17 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Tidal seedling culture calibration and irrigation device and method |
| CN110692500B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-06-29 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Tidal seedling culture calibration and irrigation device and method |
| CN111912490A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-10 | 乐昌市恒源水电建筑工程有限公司 | Novel water conservancy monitoring facilities |
| CN111912490B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-07-29 | 乐昌市恒源水电建筑工程有限公司 | Novel water conservancy monitoring facilities |
| CN112602563A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 珠海市现代农业发展中心(珠海市金湾区台湾农民创业园管理委员会、珠海市农渔业科研与推广中心) | Water-saving irrigation system and accurate irrigation method |
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| CN114812373A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-29 | 杭州安脉盛智能技术有限公司 | Battery pack deformation array monitoring system and method |
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| CN101236260B (en) | 2010-08-11 |
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