CN102253432A - SCM (single chip microcomputer) based ultrasonic rainfall measurement device - Google Patents
SCM (single chip microcomputer) based ultrasonic rainfall measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102253432A CN102253432A CN 201110173772 CN201110173772A CN102253432A CN 102253432 A CN102253432 A CN 102253432A CN 201110173772 CN201110173772 CN 201110173772 CN 201110173772 A CN201110173772 A CN 201110173772A CN 102253432 A CN102253432 A CN 102253432A
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Abstract
The invention provides an SCM ( single chip microcomputer) based ultrasonic rainfall measurement device which comprises an SCM, a water inlet tube and a measuring tube, wherein the water inlet tube comprises a water inlet, a filter screen and a water inlet valve; the measuring tube adopts a double-tube structure, and the bottom of the double-tube structure is provided with a communication opening; the left tube of the measuring tube is connected with the water inlet tube, an ultrasonic probe and a temperature sensor are hermetically arranged above the right tube of the measuring tube, and a vent hole is arranged above the wall of the right tube of the measuring tube; and the ultrasonic probe and the temperature sensor are connected with the SCM. The SCM based ultrasonic rainfall measurement device provided by the invention is high in measurement accuracy and low in implementation cost; and by using the SCM based ultrasonic rainfall measurement device, the automatic and accurate rainfall measurement under the condition of any raininess can be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of SCM Based ultrasound wave rainfall measurement device, belong to the meteorological element technical field of measuring, relate in particular to the fields of measurement of rainfall, raininess.
Background technology
The rain gage that meteorological department uses generally mostly is siphon rainfall recorder or tipping-bucket rain-gauge.Siphon rainfall recorder is made up of rain container, siphon, self-recording and four parts of shell.One float chamber is arranged under rain container, indoorly fill a float and top self-recording nib links.Rainwater flows in the tube, and float rises thereupon, drives simultaneously on the recording pen on the float lever to lift, and draws a time dependent precipitation ascending curve at the self-recording paper that rotates the clock tube.When the water level in the float chamber reached siphonal top, U trap was just discharged the rainwater in the float chamber rapidly at short notice and is finished a siphon.If the precipitation phenomenon continues, then repeat said process again.Last Strength Changes, the beginning and ending time of a precipitation process as can be seen, and calculate quantity of precipitation.Because the rainfall in the siphonic process is run off in the lump, thus the loss error produced, and rainfall intensity is more big, and error is more big, because measurement mechanism does not have electric signal interface, processes in real time so can't automatically measure with data.The tipping-bucket rain-gauge chief component has: raingauge receiver, upper tipping bucket, metering tipping bucket, counting tipping bucket and the compositions such as adjustment screw, dried spring.The Main Function of upper tipping bucket and collecting funnel is to make the natural precipitation of varying strength be converged to approximate fixing amount, by the collecting funnel throttle pipe, makes the rainwater that injects the metering tipping bucket become one one current.When upper tipping bucket holds long-pending rainfall and reaches the certain number value, upper tipping bucket overturning, rainwater flows into the metering tipping bucket through collecting funnel.When metering tipping bucket rainfall holds long-pendingly during to some, the overturning of metering tipping bucket is poured rainwater into the counting tipping bucket, and the counting tipping bucket is stirred once, and there is a little magnet steel at the middle part of counting tipping bucket, and there is dried spring the magnet steel upper end.When counting tipping bucket when stirring, magnet steel scan dried spring, dry-reed contact was closed because of magnetization moment and once, sends a circuit turn-on signal by twin core cable, by pulse number calculating rainfall.This method is simple to operate, and more big error is more big but Main Problems is raininess, and when changing about tipping bucket, has the loss error, and there is the evaporation error in whole device.
Summary of the invention
Order of the present invention ground is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, and the problem at hydrocone type and tipping-bucket rain-gauge existence in order to reduce evaporation and to prevent to run off, permeate the rainfall measurement error that causes, provides a kind of SCM Based ultrasound wave rainfall measurement device.
SCM Based ultrasonic rainfall measuring device of the present invention comprises single-chip microcomputer, flooding tube and measuring cylinder, and said flooding tube comprises water inlet, screen pack and water intaking valve; Said measuring cylinder structure is double shell, and connected entrance is arranged at the double shell bottom; Tap into water drum on the measuring cylinder left-hand cylinder, the right tube closed installation ultrasonic probe in top of measuring cylinder and temperature sensor, venthole is left in right barrel top; Said ultrasonic probe links to each other with single-chip microcomputer with temperature sensor.
[H1]
Said water intaking valve and water drain valve are electromagnetic valve.
The principle of SCM Based ultrasonic rainfall measuring device of the present invention is: the ultrasonic pulsative signal that the ultrasonic probe on the right tube of measuring cylinder top sends in the fixed position is reflected back when running into liquid level, obtains hyperacoustic propagation time by calculating the transmitting-receiving time interval after receiving echo-signal; Real time temperature in the temperature sensor measurement cylindrical shell according to the aerial spread speed of ultrasonic wave of measuring under the temperature, calculates the distance between liquid level and the tube top, and then obtains liquid level.Because the water inlet cross-sectional area is 10 times of measuring cylinder cross-sectional area, then rainfall is 1/10 of liquid level.And, can calculate the raininess of certain time period by the rainfall amount of the double measurement of interval certain hour.
Among the present invention, ultrasonic probe links to each other with single-chip microcomputer with temperature sensor, and data transfer is given single-chip microcomputer and calculated and control by single-chip microcomputer.Water intaking valve and water drain valve all adopt electromagnetic valve, and single chip machine controlling circuit control water intaking valve is closed when rainfall surpasses set threshold value 200mm, and water drain valve is opened to guarantee not cause rainwater to run off in the process of discharging water then.The ultrasonic probe surface of emission keeps distance more than the 10mm to avoid measuring blind area (the ultrasonic measurement blind area is about 8mm) apart from the venthole lower edge.Measurement result can be carried out the processing such as data record, tabulation, picture by the communication interface real-time Transmission by single-chip microcomputer to computer.
SCM Based ultrasound wave rainfall measurement device of the present invention has following technique effect: SCM Based control and processing can realize the robotization of rainfall measurement, single-chip microcomputer controls water intake valve automatically and water drain valve discharges water, and can uninterruptedly continuously measure automatically; The double valve design can effectively prevent the measuring error that rainwater runs off and causes; The water inlet screen pack can prevent effectively that foreign matters such as leaf from entering flooding tube; There is not the infiltration error in whole device; Measuring tube adopts double shell to be communicated with design down can to effectively reduce and measure the measuring error that liquid fluctuating that the tube left-hand cylinder causes because of water inlet brings; Real time temperature is measured can carry out temperature compensation to ultrasonic measurement, avoids the error that causes because of temperature variation; The water inlet area is 10 times of measurement tube floorage, and then actual error is that inevitable measuring error is decayed to 0.1 times; Can improve the accuracy of rainfall measurement greatly by above design.Certainty of measurement height of the present invention realizes that cost is low, can in the situation of any raininess, realize to rainfall automatically, exactly measurement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of SCM Based ultrasound wave rainfall measurement device of the present invention;
Wherein 1 is flooding tube, and 2 is screen pack, and 3 is water intaking valve, and 4 is the measuring cylinder left-hand cylinder, and 5 is connected entrance, and 6 is discharging valve, and 7 is the right tube of measuring cylinder, and 8 is venthole, and 9 is ultrasonic probe, temperature sensor installation site, and 10 are the warning line that discharges water.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, SCM Based ultrasound wave rainfall measurement device of the present invention comprises single-chip microcomputer, flooding tube 1 and measures tube that flooding tube 1 comprises water inlet, screen pack 2 and water intaking valve 3; Measuring barrel structure is left and right sides double shell, and connected entrance 5 is arranged at the double shell bottom; Measure on the tube left-hand cylinder 4 and tap into water drum, measure tube right tube closed installation ultrasonic probe in 7 tops and temperature sensor, venthole 8 is left in right barrel top; Ultrasonic probe links to each other with single-chip microcomputer with temperature sensor; Water intaking valve 1 and water drain valve 6 are electromagnetic valve.The water inlet cross-sectional area of flooding tube 1 is 10 times of measuring cylinder cross-sectional area, and ultrasonic probe, temperature sensor installation site 9 are 50mm with the distance of venthole 8, and the distance with the warning line 10 that discharges water at the bottom of the measuring cylinder is 200mm.
In rainfall, at first rainwater enters flooding tube 1, prevents access to plant by foreign matters such as screen pack 2 isolation leaves, and influence is measured normally.Then, rainwater flow into measuring cylinder left-hand cylinder 4 by water intaking valve 3, and flows into the right tube 7 of measuring cylinders by connected entrance 5, about a liquid level in the tube keep equating.The left-hand cylinder liquid level can keep tranquil because water inlet impact has the right tube of fluctuation liquid level, the ultrasonic measurement error that can avoid the fluctuation because of liquid level to cause.The venthole 8 of the lateral wall of the right tube 7 of measuring cylinder can make the inside and outside circulation of air of tube, and can be used as gap protection ultrasonic probe and temperature sensor quarter where necessary.Venthole 8 is installed in the above general 20mm place of 200mm warning line.Ultrasonic probe and temperature sensors are installed in 9 sealings of the right tube of measuring cylinder top, can prevent that foreign material from falling into and reduce evaporation capacity.Ultrasonic probe emission ultrasonic signal runs into the liquid level reflection, and probe receives echo then, and single-chip microcomputer is by detecting the real time temperature of the transmitting-receiving time interval and temperature sensor measurement, calculates the height of liquid level according to the velocity of sound under the real time temperature and one way travel time.Because the Area Ratio of the cross section of water inlet area and measuring cylinder is 10:1, then actual rainfall is 0.1 times of liquid level, and error also is 0.1 times of measure error.And, can calculate the raininess of certain time period by the rainfall amount of the double measurement of interval certain hour.
Water intaking valve 3 and water drain valve 6 are electromagnetic valve.Its groundwork is: when system came into operation, water drain valve 6 cut out, and water intaking valve 3 is opened, and enters normal measurement; When the rainfall in measuring tube reached the 200mm warning line, single-chip microcomputer cut out by circuit control water intaking valve 3, and water drain valve 6 is opened then, enters the stage of discharging water.At this moment, rainwater remains in the flooding tube and can not cause the loss error.Discharge water finish after, water drain valve 6 cuts out, water intaking valve 3 is opened, and enters normal measuring phases.Single-chip microcomputer can be transferred to computer with measurement result by communication interface and carry out the processing such as data record, tabulation, picture.
Claims (2)
1. SCM Based ultrasonic rainfall measuring device is characterized in that, comprises single-chip microcomputer, flooding tube and measuring cylinder, and said flooding tube comprises water inlet, screen pack and water intaking valve; Said measuring cylinder structure is double shell, and connected entrance is arranged at the double shell bottom; Tap into water drum on the measuring cylinder left-hand cylinder, the right tube closed installation ultrasonic probe in top of measuring cylinder and temperature sensor, venthole is left in right barrel top; Said ultrasonic probe links to each other with single-chip microcomputer with temperature sensor.
2. SCM Based ultrasound wave rainfall measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that said water intaking valve and water drain valve are electromagnetic valve.
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| CN 201110173772 CN102253432A (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2011-06-27 | SCM (single chip microcomputer) based ultrasonic rainfall measurement device |
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| CN 201110173772 CN102253432A (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2011-06-27 | SCM (single chip microcomputer) based ultrasonic rainfall measurement device |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103900663A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-02 | 四川沃文特生物技术有限公司 | Detection cup capable of simultaneously detecting various flushing fluid |
| CN104237976A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-24 | 河海大学 | Triggering ultrasonic tipping bucket rain gauge |
| CN105445817A (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-03-30 | 林永勤 | Automatic rainfall monitoring device |
| CN106996852A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-01 | 苏州科技大学 | Salt fog test system |
| CN108845379A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-11-20 | 王悦钰 | A kind of anti-sundries rain gauge of dedicated volume cylinder vaporization prevention of water conservancy |
| CN109932759A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-25 | 济南众联电子科技有限公司 | Rainfall gauge |
| CN111175853A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-19 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Intelligent rainfall detection equipment based on computer vision |
| TWI732560B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-07-01 | 中華學校財團法人中華科技大學 | Water quantity sensing floor tiles and application of meteorological information monitoring system |
| CN115574890A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-01-06 | 天宇利水信息技术成都有限公司 | 20CM bore weighing type evaporation measuring instrument |
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| CN101598817A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-12-09 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Be used to measure the udometer of superhigh intensity rainfall and the method for measuring with this udometer |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103900663A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-02 | 四川沃文特生物技术有限公司 | Detection cup capable of simultaneously detecting various flushing fluid |
| CN104237976A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-24 | 河海大学 | Triggering ultrasonic tipping bucket rain gauge |
| CN104237976B (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-08-17 | 河海大学 | A kind of tipping bucket triggers Ultrasonic Rain Gauge |
| CN105445817A (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-03-30 | 林永勤 | Automatic rainfall monitoring device |
| CN106996852A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-01 | 苏州科技大学 | Salt fog test system |
| CN108845379A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-11-20 | 王悦钰 | A kind of anti-sundries rain gauge of dedicated volume cylinder vaporization prevention of water conservancy |
| CN109932759A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-25 | 济南众联电子科技有限公司 | Rainfall gauge |
| CN111175853A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-19 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Intelligent rainfall detection equipment based on computer vision |
| TWI732560B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-07-01 | 中華學校財團法人中華科技大學 | Water quantity sensing floor tiles and application of meteorological information monitoring system |
| CN115574890A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-01-06 | 天宇利水信息技术成都有限公司 | 20CM bore weighing type evaporation measuring instrument |
| CN115574890B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-03-10 | 天宇利水信息技术成都有限公司 | 20CM bore weighing type evaporation measuring instrument |
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Application publication date: 20111123 |