CN104764494B - A kind of runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facility - Google Patents
A kind of runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN104764494B CN104764494B CN201510127611.7A CN201510127611A CN104764494B CN 104764494 B CN104764494 B CN 104764494B CN 201510127611 A CN201510127611 A CN 201510127611A CN 104764494 B CN104764494 B CN 104764494B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to dynamic runoff and sediment automonitors comprising protection cylinder and the water inlet line and drainage pipeline that are set on protection cylinder；Sampling weighing device, collector-shoe gear, flow monitoring device and controller are provided in the protection cylinder body, the sampling weighing device receiving portion muddy water is weighed, the collector-shoe gear provides stable flow to flow monitoring device and carries out flow measurement, and controller receives the data that the sampling weighing device and flow monitoring device are acquired.The present apparatus can carry out the runoff muddy water of water erosion cell continuous-stable sampling and weigh, and at the same time measuring the flow of the runoff muddy water of water erosion cell.Above-mentioned apparatus, which revolutionizes, in the prior art weighs and the mode of flow rate calculation to the runoff sampling for monitoring cell, and manpower and materials are greatly saved, improve work efficiency the accuracy acquired with data, greatly facilitate the muddy water monitoring of water erosion runoff plots.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil loss monitoring equipment technical field, specially a kind of runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facility.
Background technology
China is one of country the most serious of soil erosion in the world, the extent of injury of soil erosion, development trend, shadow
It rings range and is required for the monitoring means by science to grasp.Science, system, effective soil loss monitoring and forecast can be
Water and soil conservation decision in China's provides vital data supporting.
The whole nation starts, implements one, the second stage of soil and water conservation monitoring network and Information System configuration engineering since 2007, complete
At to Ministry of Water Resources's water and soil conservation value center, each basin water-soil keeps monitoring center station, each provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities' water and soil
Monitoring master station and the construction of city under the jurisdiction of the provincial government's water and soil conservation value substation and perfect are kept, specifies function, the prison of mechanism for monitoring at different levels
Content is surveyed, monitoring facilities are equipped with, to ensure that the science of soil and water conservation monitoring work, orderly, long-acting development provide system
Degree and technical guarantee.
The research of Soil Erosion, the improvement etc. of the arrangement of measures, soil erosion region are required for science, accurate
Basis of the monitoring data as theory and practice.In addition, with the quickening of China's modernization construction paces, all kinds of production and construction
Artificial Newly-added Soil Erosion caused by project also becomes the important factor in order of soil erosion generation, and natural conditions, the mankind live
Soil erosion caused by dynamic equal, no matter its quantity, scale, changing rule, trend, the extent of injury, coverage etc. all
It needs water and soil conservation value mechanism to remove record by scientific and effective monitoring method, means and equipment, grasp and analyze.
Water and soil conservation cell runoff and sediment observation experiment is Erosion and soil and water conservation benefit in survey region
Important channel, and national second phase soil and water conservation monitoring network construction plan important content.Water and soil conservation district monitoring
Infrastructure includes catchment cell, afflux groove and afflux pond（Or afflux bucket）Deng in Patent No. 200820062767.2
A kind of improved district soil erosion observation barrel disclosed in state's patent of invention.Observation metrical instrument includes mainly rain gage bucket, takes
Hydrophone, baking oven, balance.
（One）Traditional runoff observation on plots method basic principle：
Water erosion cell water and soil conservation observation Main Factors include：Rainfall, run-off and quantity of sand and mud.
It observes common method：Rainfall is observed with rainfall gauge；Afflux pond（Shunt bucket）Observation calculates run-off；
Quantity of sand and mud is calculated with filtering weighting method after dried observation.
（Two）Traditional runoff observation on plots method there are the problem of：
Traditional runoff plots rainfall, runoff and monitoring sediment, principle is simple, but observation, processing and calculation procedure are multiple
It is miscellaneous, and management operating is of high cost.
There are mainly two types of methods for silt discharge observation, and one is weighting method after dried, and one is hydrometer methods.Hydrometer method is suitable for
The measurement of suspended load, weighting method after dried be both suitable for the measurement that suspended load is also suitable for bed load.The mud of water and soil conservation runoff plots
The mixture that sand is made of bed load and suspended load, therefore weighting method after dried can only be taken.
Weighting method after dried is the basic skills that hydrological industry carries out silt observation, and such method precision is higher, but need
Instrument and equipment is more, and inspection process program is cumbersome, need special laboratory water sample is filtered, drying and processing and meter
Amount, informal hydrometric station difficulty can smoothly complete such observation.In addition, the observed result of traditional silt observation procedure cannot be at the scene
Immediately it obtains, after scene measures run-off, also wants subregion water sampling and collecting pit bottom（Bucket bottom）Precipitated sludge, after returning to laboratory
Also water sample, silt such as are filtered, dried and weighed the processing respectively, since cell is more, especially in the frequent flood of rainfall
Phase, it is difficult to ensure that each secondary rainfall water sample processing of each cell is accurate.
In terms of observing facility construction, observation subdistrict water blocking encloses bank and afflux groove etc., is generally built a wall by cob brick and smears coagulation outside
Soil, builds simple for process, and engineering also very little is easy to reach quality requirement.But afflux facility（Afflux pond or afflux bucket）It builds
Bring up it is more complicated, first, water collecting pool volume size issue, if meeting 24 hours most torrential rain diameter stream calculations, afflux by 5 years one
The volume in pond at least wants 5 cubic metres, and quantities is big, and quality and precision are difficult to ensure, if using afflux bucket or shunting bucket, investment
Greatly, of high cost, and be required for repairing maintenance every year.
In operation operating aspect, one rainfall event is required for technical staff's field observation rainfall, replaces from note paper, fetch water,
Water is measured, filtering drying is weighed, and collecting-tank is cleaned（Bucket）Deng time-consuming.National second phase water and soil conservation value planning determines each
The runoff observation number of fields of monitoring point is at least 7, and one rainfall event all acquires 7 groups of water samples, and the corresponding rainfall of survey calculation and diameter
Flow, water sample data are easy to obscure.Conventional observation method needs special messenger's observation, but observation time is only limitted to the 6-9 months, non-
Rainy season has to dismiss Observation personnel, and this technical staff employed temporarily can not ensure accuracy of observation, it is also difficult to raise rain
Observe running cost season, therefore many observation subdistricts, operation can not just be supported down less than several years, it has to it gives up halfway, it can not
When playing the role of setting up originally.
For convenience of water erosion district monitoring experiment work is quickly carried out, is ensureing operability and improving accuracy of observation requirement
Requirement under, be highly desirable to improve monitoring method, research and develop advanced monitoring instrument, facility, it is reasonable to reach construction cost, operation
Program is easy, and management operating is convenient, and best monitoring result is obtained with minimum input.
In water and soil conservation value observation experiment, the weighing to silt is the link of most critical.Existing weighing mode is
The sampling of sampled bottle, stirs evenly, is inverted in beaker, measures quality and water volume, is dried in drying box, after weigh soil
Weight calculates sediment charge, obtains erosion modulus.It is single for link of weighing, the problems of have the following：
Link is more, and process is cumbersome, needs carefully to be not careful during each and just will produce error, if generate water clock,
Sampling bottle is chaotic, then can directly generate error and even result in test failure.
Labor intensive and time sample after each rain, each observation subdistrict must sample three bottles, one by one label, weigh, count
It measures, dry, be re-weighed, calculate, each observation field few then ten observation subdistricts, at most 30, after one rainfall event, workload
Very big, at least to occupy a work Time of Day can just finish this work.In addition, baking duration is longer, and extend
Working time.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facilities, can be small to water erosion
The runoff muddy water in area carries out continuous-stable sampling and weighs, and at the same time measuring the flow of the runoff muddy water of water erosion cell.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facility, key technology are：It includes：
Cylinder is protected, the water inlet line for receiving monitoring cell runoff muddy water is provided on the protection cylinder, it is described
Protection cylinder body bottom is provided with drainage pipeline；
The sampling weighing device being set in the protection cylinder body comprising bottle of weighing is arranged at the top of bottle of weighing
Water inlet and be arranged in first siphoning installation weighed in bottle, the water inlet of first siphoning installation is close to institute
State bottle body bottom of weighing；Be provided with weighing sensor on the bottle of weighing, the weighing sensor in the protection cylinder body
Wall is fixedly connected；
The collector-shoe gear being set in the protection cylinder body comprising confluence cylinder and be set to the of the confluence cylinder bottom
Three siphoning installations；
The flow monitoring device being set in the protection cylinder body comprising be provided with the shell of inlet and outlet with
And it is set to the impeller in the shell, the sensing device for measuring the wheel rotation number of turns is provided on the shell；
The controller being set in the protection cylinder body, the output end of the weighing sensor and the sensing device it is defeated
Outlet is connect with the input terminal of the controller；
The collector-shoe gear is located at immediately below the water inlet line, the water inlet of the flow monitoring device and the third
The water outlet of siphoning installation connects, and the water inlet of the sampling weighing device receives described in the shunting or reception of the water inlet line
The shunting of the water outlet of flow monitoring device, which is sampled, weighs, the water outlet of the flow monitoring device and the drainage pipeline
Connection.
As a further improvement on the present invention, further include the water storage cylinder for the water inlet upstream end for being set to bottle of weighing, institute
It states and is provided with the second siphoning installation in water storage cylinder, the discharge outlet of second siphoning installation is inserted in bottle of weighing by an outlet pipe
In the water inlet of body, and the outlet pipe is not contacted with the bottle of weighing.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the bottom of the bottle of weighing, confluence cylinder and water butt is in funnel
Shape is spherical, and the water inlet of first siphoning installation is located at the most low-lying position of bottle body bottom of weighing, the third siphon
The water inlet of device is located at the most low-lying position in confluence cylinder bottom, and the water inlet of second siphoning installation is located at water storage cylinder bottom
Most low-lying position.
As a further improvement on the present invention, first siphoning installation includes being vertically located in the bottle bottom of weighing
It communicates outside first central tube in portion, first center bottom of the tube and the bottle of weighing, is nested on first central tube
There is the first telescopic pipe that top blocks, there are drainage gaps between first central tube and the first telescopic pipe.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the weighing sensor is to be fixed on weigh bottle body or the bottleneck
On cantilever type weighing sensor.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the sensing device include the magnetic induction body that is set on the impeller with
And it is set to the magnetic induction sensor corresponding with the magnetic induction body on the shell, the output of the magnetic induction sensor
End is connect with the input terminal of the controller.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the lower port of the water inlet of the flow monitoring device is in flat.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the controller is set to the lower section of the collector-shoe gear.
As a further improvement on the present invention, second siphoning installation includes being vertically located in the water storage cylinder bottom
The second central tube, second center bottom of the tube is connect with the outlet pipe outside the water storage cylinder, on second central tube
It is equipped with the second sleeve pipe that top blocks, there are drainage gaps between second central tube and second sleeve pipe.
As a further improvement on the present invention, first siphoning installation and/or the second siphoning installation and/or third rainbow
Suction device is inverse u shape siphon pipe.
The positive effect of the present invention is as follows：
Runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facility disclosed in this invention can receive the runoff mud of water erosion monitoring cell outlet pipe
Water and a part of muddy water is received by sampling weighing device weigh, pass through controller and record weighing data, the remittance
Stream device is passed into after will go into the muddy water convergence for protecting cylinder in flow monitoring device, and the runoff stream of cell is monitored to water erosion
Amount measures, and records data by controller, and muddy water is all discharged eventually by the drainage pipeline of protection cylinder body bottom.
Above-mentioned apparatus, which revolutionizes, in the prior art weighs and the mode of flow rate calculation to the runoff sampling for monitoring cell,
Manpower and materials are greatly saved, improve work efficiency the accuracy acquired with data, greatly facilitate water erosion runoff plots
Muddy water monitoring.
The bottle of weighing of the present invention is used for containing the muddy water of fixed volume, on the one hand first siphoning installation can limit
It weighs the volume of bottle, on the one hand can draw water from the bottom for bottle of weighing makes muddy water be discharged, in the bottle that can prevent from weighing in this way
The deposition of silt influences the accuracy of weighing measurement.The present apparatus weighs weight by weighing sensor so that precision reaches 95%
More than；The sampling of hand operated mixing muddy water is avoided, the link of measurement process is reduced, saves artificial manpower, flow enters bottle of weighing, directly
It connects and weighs weight, it is extremely convenient；The time is saved, compared to original metering, drying, the mode measured again, this product can be instant
Data are measured, the working time is greatly saved.The accuracy of observation of the present apparatus is more than original artificial observation, measured number
It is in the field of business to have broad application prospects and promotional value according to approaching soil erosion actual conditions to greatest extent.
Funnel is designed into the bottom for bottle of weighing, silt can be made to converge in the water inlet of the first siphoning installation,
Silt in bottle is all discharged, avoids depositing.
The flow monitoring device of the present invention makes its rotation by current scour impeller, and records impeller by sensing device
The number of turns of rotation realizes the measurement to run-off, simple in structure, is suitable for the measurement of muddy water flow, stability is good, not rapid wear
It is bad.The defect of run-off cannot be monitored by overcoming existing flowmeter.Meanwhile this flow monitoring device can realize automatic detection,
Automatic sensing automatically records, and has saved manpower and device resource.
First siphoning installation of the first central tube and the first telescopic pipe composition that the present apparatus is provided, it is simple in structure, it is whole
Inside body income to bottle of weighing, facilitate the weighing measurement of whole device, and the suction inlet of siphoning installation and discharge outlet are simultaneously
Positioned at bottle body bottom center of weighing, i.e. the first central tube and is coaxially disposed with telescopic pipe, is avoided the bias for bottle of weighing, is made
Its center is located on central axes, and draining is stablized, and accuracy of measurement is high.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Attached drawing 2 is the structural schematic diagram of present invention sampling weighing device.
Attached drawing 3 is the structural schematic diagram of bottle of the invention of weighing.
Attached drawing 4 is the structural schematic diagram of water storage cylinder of the present invention.
Attached drawing 5 is the structural schematic diagram of bottle another embodiment of the invention of weighing.
Attached drawing 6 is the structural schematic diagram of collector-shoe gear of the present invention.
Attached drawing 7 is the structural schematic diagram of inventive flow monitoring device.
Attached drawing 8 is the shell structure schematic diagram of inventive flow monitoring device.
Attached drawing 9 is the blade wheel structure schematic diagram of inventive flow monitoring device.
In the accompanying drawings：100 protection cylinders, 01 sampling weighing device, 02 collector-shoe gear, 03 flow monitoring device, 04 water inlet
Pipeline, 05 diversion pipe, 06 drainage pipeline, 07 controller；
10 weigh bottle, 11 water inlet pipes, 12 first siphoning installations, the first central tubes of 12-1, the first telescopic pipes of 12-2,12-3
Connecting pole, 13 water storage cylinders, 14 exhaust pipes, 15 weighing sensors（Beam type）, 16 retainer plates, 17 protection nozzles, 18 second rainbows
Inhale device, the second central tubes of 18-1,18-2 second sleeves pipe, 19 outlet pipes；
20 confluence cylinders, 21 third siphoning installations, 21-1 thirds central tube, 21-2 3rd sleeves pipe, 21-3 reducing districts, 21-4
Effluent pipe mouth；
31 shells, 32 impellers, 33 sensing devices, 33-1 magnetic induction body, 33-2 magnetic induction sensors, 34 water inlets, 35 go out
The mouth of a river, 36 bearing blocks, 37 bearings.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail for 1-9 and specific implementation mode below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facility as shown in Fig. 1 comprising：
Cylindrical protection cylinder 100, described protect are provided on cylinder 100 for receiving monitoring cell runoff muddy water
Water inlet line 04,100 bottom of protection cylinder are provided with drainage pipeline 06；Sampling is provided in the protection cylinder 100 to claim
Refitting sets to 01, collector-shoe gear 02, flow monitoring device 03 and controller 07, and the sampling weighing device 01 receives water inlet line
A part of muddy water is weighed in 04, and transfers data to controller 07, or sampling weighing device 01 receives a part of flow
The muddy water of 03 water outlet of monitoring device is weighed；It is passed into stream after the muddy water of the convergence water inlet line 04 of collector-shoe gear 02
It measures in monitoring device 03, measurement data is passed to controller 07 by the flow monitoring device 03.
Muddy water by water inlet line 04 enter protection cylinder 100, through over sampling weigh with after flow measurement by drainpipe
Road 06 is discharged, entire that cylinder 100 is protected to play a supporting role in protection, and does not store muddy water, has essential distinction with traditional afflux bucket.
The present apparatus need not store muddy water, therefore greatly reduce the volume of equipment.
Referring to attached drawing 2-4, the sampling weighing device 01 include weigh bottle 10, be arranged at the top of bottle 10 of weighing
Water inlet and it is arranged in first siphoning installation 12 weighed in bottle 10, the water inlet of first siphoning installation 12 pastes
Nearly 10 bottom of bottle of weighing；The bottom of the bottle 10 of weighing is in funnel-form or spherical, first siphoning installation
12 water inlet is located at the most low-lying position in 10 bottom of bottle of weighing, and can collect muddy water and be drained by siphonage.Institute
It states and is provided with weighing sensor 15 on bottle 10 of weighing.The weighing sensor 15 is to be fixed on 10 body of bottle of weighing
Or the cantilever type weighing sensor on bottleneck, the output end of the weighing sensor 15 are connect with the controller 07.
In the present embodiment, retainer plate 16 is fixedly installed in the bottle mouth position of the bottle 10 of weighing, and the weighing sensor 15 is logical
It crosses retainer plate 16 to be fixedly connected with the bottle 10 of weighing, the other end of the weighing sensor 15 and the protection cylinder 100
Side wall is fixedly connected.
Referring to attached drawing 3, first siphoning installation 12 includes being vertically located in described to weigh the first of 10 bottom of bottle
It is communicated outside central tube 12-1, the bottoms the first central tube 12-1 and the bottle 10 of weighing, the first central tube 12-1
On be equipped with top block the first telescopic pipe 12-2, there are rows between the first central tube 12-1 and the first telescopic pipe 12-2
Water space.
10 bottom of bottle of weighing is provided with protection nozzle 17, and the protection nozzle 17 is arranged at 10 bottom of bottle of weighing
Portion, and 17 diameter of nozzle is protected to be more than the first central tube 12-1, protective effect is blocked to the first central tube 12-1 formation.
The first telescopic pipe 12-2 is fixedly connected by multiple connecting pole 12-3 with 10 bottom of bottle of weighing, described
Connecting pole 12-3 is used to support the first telescopic pipe 12-2.The quantity of the connecting pole 12-3 be 3 or 4 be advisable, it is few then cannot
Stablize support, at most hinders flow discharge.The connecting pole 12-3 may also be arranged on the first central tube 12-1 and the first sleeve
Between pipe 12-2, i.e. the first telescopic pipe 12-2 is supported by the first central tube 12-1.
Described 10 top of bottle of weighing is provided with exhaust pipe 14, and for making to weigh, bottle 10 is changed with extraneous unobstructed be vented
Gas ensures the Stability and veracity weighed.
Since 04 water of water inlet line is larger, and it is described weigh 10 volume of bottle and water inlet it is relatively small,
Therefore it needs to be diverted to the water supply of bottle 10 of weighing, before shunting, needs to be filtered weeds branch and stone.
Referring to attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 2, preferably, the sampling weighing device 01 further includes being set to bottle 10 of weighing
Water inlet upstream end water storage cylinder 13, the water storage cylinder 13 is fixedly arranged in the protection cylinder 100, set in the water storage cylinder 13
It is equipped with the second siphoning installation 18, the discharge outlet of second siphoning installation 18 is inserted in bottle 10 of weighing by an outlet pipe 19
In water inlet, and the outlet pipe 19 is not contacted with the bottle 10 of weighing, and referring to attached drawing 2, i.e., the outlet pipe 19 is inserted into
It is arranged in the water inlet pipe 11 on the water inlet for weighing bottle 10, the outlet pipe 19 is not contacted with the water inlet pipe 11.By institute
The top that water inlet pipe 11 is vertically installed in growth bottle 10 is stated, it is more convenient to be connect with outlet pipe 19.
13 bottom of water storage cylinder is in funnel-form or spherical, and the water inlet of second siphoning installation 18 is located at water storage
The most low-lying position in 13 bottoms of cylinder.Second siphoning installation 18 is identical as 12 structure of the first siphoning installation, i.e., and described second
Siphoning installation 18 includes the second central tube 18-1 for being vertically located in 13 bottom of the water storage cylinder, the bottoms the second central tube 18-1
Portion is connect with the outlet pipe 19 outside the water storage cylinder 13, and second set that top blocks is equipped on the second central tube 18-1
Bobbin 18-2, there are drainage gaps between the second central tube 18-1 and second sleeve pipe 18-2.
The collector-shoe gear 02 includes confluence cylinder 20 and the third siphoning installation 21 for being set to 20 bottom of the confluence cylinder；Institute
It is in funnel-form or spherical to state 20 bottom of confluence cylinder, the port periphery and 100 side wall of protection cylinder of the confluence cylinder 20
Seamless welding, the confluence cylinder 20 are located at the lower section of the water inlet line 04, receive the muddy water of the water inlet line 04.The control
Device 07 processed is arranged below the confluence cylinder 20, position drying, will not be by water impact, safety and stability.
The third siphoning installation 21 includes the third central tube 21-1 for being vertically located in 20 bottom of the confluence cylinder, institute
It states and is communicated outside the third bottoms central tube 21-1 and the confluence cylinder 20, top is equipped on the third central tube 21-1 and is blocked
3rd sleeve pipe 21-2, there are drainage gaps between the third central tube 21-1 and 3rd sleeve pipe 21-2.I.e. described
The structure of one siphoning installation 12, the second siphoning installation 18 and third siphoning installation 21 is identical.
Shown in attached drawing 7-9, the flow monitoring device 03 includes the shell for being provided with water inlet 34 and water outlet 35
Body 31 and the impeller 32 being set in the shell 31, are provided with bearing block 36 in the shell 31, in the bearing block 36
It is fixedly installed bearing 37, shaft is provided in two bearings 37, the impeller 32 is fixed in the shaft.
The sensing device 33 for measuring 32 turnning circle of impeller is provided on the shell 31；The flow monitoring device
03 water inlet 34 is connect with the water outlet of the collector-shoe gear 02, i.e., is connect with the water outlet of the third siphoning installation 21,
The water outlet 35 of the flow monitoring device 03 is connect with the drainage pipeline 06.The shell 31 is in scroll casing shape, described
Water inlet 34 and water outlet 35 are respectively positioned on the side of the shell 31, and water outlet 35 is vertical corresponding with water inlet 34.It is described into
The lower port at the mouth of a river 34 is in flat, forms stable water column and is washed away to the blade of impeller 32, and impeller 32 is made to rotate；Or institute
The bottom end of the third central tube 21-1 stated is in flat, extend into the water inlet 34 and is washed away to blade formation.
Shown in attached drawing 7-9, the sensing device 33 includes the magnetic induction body 33-1 being set on the impeller 32
And it is set to the magnetic induction sensor 33-2 corresponding with the magnetic induction body 33-1 on the shell 31, the magnetic induction
The output end of sensor 33-2 is connect with the input terminal of the controller 07.The magnetic induction body 33-1 is rotated with impeller 32,
The magnetic induction sensor 33-2 is fixed on shell 31, and impeller 32 often rotates one week, the magnetic induction sensor 33-2
Record is primary.
After being collected the muddy water that water inlet line 04 imports by collector-shoe gear 02, it is passed through by what third siphoning installation 21 was stablized
To flow monitoring device 03, flow makes its rotation by washing away impeller 32, and in rotation process, it is monitored by the sensing device 33
The number of turns of rotation, and data are exported.By third siphoning installation after smaller flow can be collected by collector-shoe gear 02
21 quickly discharges, when monitoring cell runoff is smaller, the third siphoning installation 21 of collector-shoe gear 02 is intermittent to supervise to flow
It surveys device 03 to supply water, but the stability of flow in drainage procedure forms the water of steady and continuous when monitoring cell runoff is larger
Stream, and third siphoning installation can avoid silt in confluence 20 bottom deposit of cylinder simultaneously.
First siphoning installation 12, the second siphoning installation 18 and the third siphoning installation 21 all can be inverse u shape
Siphon pipe.As another embodiment, shown in attached drawing 5, for the structural schematic diagram for 10 another embodiment of bottle of weighing,
In the water inlet of the first siphoning installation 12 be located at and weigh 10 bottom center of bottle, drainpipe, which reaches, weighs outside bottle 10, this
One siphoning installation 12 is inverse u shape siphon pipe.Similarly, second siphoning installation 18 and third siphoning installation 21 can be to fall
U-typed siphon pipe.
Referring to attached drawing 1, in the present embodiment, the sampling weighing device 01 is arranged in the top of protection cylinder 100,
Runoff in water erosion monitoring cell is all introduced by water inlet line 04 in water storage cylinder 13 first, is then filled by the second siphon
Supplying water to the bottle 10 of weighing for 18 stabilizations is set, and extra muddy water is overflowed by 13 top of water storage cylinder and is drained.Sample dress of weighing
It sets to 01 to weigh by 13 receiving portion muddy water of water storage cylinder, the outlet of first siphoning installation 12 passes through diversion pipe 05
Directly it is connect with the drainage pipeline 06, since the water that sampling weighing device 01 is intercepted is smaller, the monitoring to flow
It influences smaller.Or the outlet of first siphoning installation 12 is placed in the water storage cylinder 13, by third siphoning installation
21 supply flow rate monitoring devices 03, in this way, the data measured by flow monitoring device 03 are more accurate.
Setting bottom is located at 10 upstream of bottle of weighing with 18 water storage cylinder 13 of the second siphoning installation and supplies water to bottle 10 of weighing,
There can be current stabilization, the water that on the one hand can make to enter bottle 10 of weighing stabilizes, on the one hand can will be extra
Muddy water overflowed from top, while avoiding silt in 13 bottom deposit of water storage cylinder.The 13 top setting of water storage cylinder is useful
In blocking weeds or the filter screen of stone.Or setting filter screen in the water inlet line 04.
In the case where rainfall is smaller or soil erosion amount very little, only seldom muddy water amount enters bottle 10 of weighing
In, the muddy water weighed in bottle 10 can be drained by a siphonage when bottle 10 of weighing is filled in this way, and it is subsequent
Continuous water storage is weighed, and when rainfall or larger soil erosion amount, the 12 continuous draining outward of the first siphoning installation maintains to claim
Water quantity holding its fixed volume in weight bottle 10, and at the same time by 15 real-time weighing measurement of weighing sensor, siphonage is same
When avoid weigh 10 bottom sediment of bottle deposition.
As another embodiment, the sampling weighing device 01 is set to the downstream of the flow monitoring device 03
Section, the part muddy water received in the water outlet 35 of the flow monitoring device 03 are weighed.At this point, being pushed up in the confluence cylinder 20
End setting filter screen.
The weighing measurement principle of the present invention is foundation《National Standard of the People's Republic of China：River suspended sediment test
Specification》, using weighing device disclosed in this invention, by the weight of the unit volume of muddy water according to described《Chinese people's republicanism
State's national standard：Code for measurement of sus pended sediment in open channels》It converts, you can obtain corresponding unit volume or Unit Weight
The content of silt and water in muddy water, it can thus be concluded that going out the soil erosion situation in corresponding experimental monitoring cell.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor, it is characterised in that：It includes：
Protect cylinder（100）, the protection cylinder（100）On be provided with for receive monitoring cell runoff muddy water water inlet line
（04）, the protection cylinder（100）Bottom is provided with drainage pipeline（06）；
It is set to the protection cylinder（100）Interior sampling weighing device（01）Comprising bottle of weighing（10）, setting weighing
Bottle（10）The water inlet at top and setting are in the bottle of weighing（10）The first interior siphoning installation（12）, first rainbow
Inhale device（12）Water inlet close to the bottle of weighing（10）Bottom；The bottle of weighing（10）On be provided with weighing sensor
（15）, the weighing sensor（15）With the protection cylinder（100）Inner wall is fixedly connected；
It is set to the protection cylinder（100）Interior collector-shoe gear（02）Comprising confluence cylinder（20）Be set to the confluence
Cylinder（20）The third siphoning installation of bottom（21）；
It is set to the protection cylinder（100）Interior flow monitoring device（03）Comprising it is provided with water inlet（34）And water outlet
Mouthful（35）Shell（31）And it is set to the shell（31）Interior impeller（32）, the shell（31）On be provided with measure institute
State impeller（32）The sensing device of turnning circle（33）；
It is set to the protection cylinder（100）Interior controller（07）, the weighing sensor（15）Output end and the biography
Induction device（33）Output end and the controller（07）Input terminal connection；
The collector-shoe gear（02）Positioned at the water inlet line（04）Underface, the flow monitoring device（03）Water inlet
（34）With the third siphoning installation（21）Water outlet connection, the sampling weighing device（01）Water inlet receive it is described into
Waterpipe（04）Shunting or receive the flow monitoring device（03）Water outlet（35）Shunting be sampled and weigh, it is described
Flow monitoring device（03）Water outlet（35）With the drainage pipeline（06）Connection.
2. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include being set to weigh
Bottle（10）Water inlet upstream end water storage cylinder（13）, the water storage cylinder（13）Inside it is provided with the second siphoning installation（18）, institute
State the second siphoning installation（18）Discharge outlet pass through an outlet pipe（19）It is inserted in bottle of weighing（10）Water inlet in, and it is described
Outlet pipe（19）With the bottle of weighing（10）It does not contact.
3. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The bottle of weighing
（10）, confluence cylinder（20）And water butt（13）Bottom be in funnel-form or spherical, first siphoning installation（12）'s
Water inlet is located at bottle of weighing（10）The most low-lying position in bottom, the third siphoning installation（21）Water inlet be located at confluence cylinder
（20）The most low-lying position in bottom, second siphoning installation（18）Water inlet be located at water storage cylinder（13）The most low-lying position in bottom
It sets.
4. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The first siphon dress
It sets（12）Including being vertically located in the bottle of weighing（10）First central tube of bottom（12-1）, first central tube（12-
1）Bottom and the bottle of weighing（10）Outside communicates, first central tube（12-1）On be equipped with top block first set
Bobbin（12-2）, first central tube（12-1）With the first telescopic pipe（12-2）Between there are drainage gaps.
5. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The weighing sensor
（15）To be fixed on the bottle of weighing（10）Cantilever type weighing sensor on body or bottleneck.
6. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sensing device
（33）Including being set to the impeller（32）On magnetic induction body（33-1）And it is set to the shell（31）On with it is described
Magnetic induction body（33-1）Corresponding magnetic induction sensor（33-2）, the magnetic induction sensor（33-2）Output end with it is described
Controller（07）Input terminal connection.
7. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flow monitoring dress
It sets（03）Water inlet（34）Lower port in flat.
8. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The controller（07）
It is set to the collector-shoe gear（02）Lower section.
9. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The second siphon dress
It sets（18）Including being vertically located in the water storage cylinder（13）Second central tube of bottom（18-1）, second central tube（18-1）
Bottom and the water storage cylinder（13）External outlet pipe（19）Connection, second central tube（18-1）On be equipped with top block
Second sleeve pipe（18-2）, second central tube（18-1）With second sleeve pipe（18-2）Between there are drainage gaps.
10. according to the dynamic runoff and sediment automonitor described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The first siphon dress
It sets（12）And/or second siphoning installation（18）And/or third siphoning installation（21）For inverse u shape siphon pipe.
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| CN201510127611.7A CN104764494B (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | A kind of runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facility |
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| CN201510127611.7A CN104764494B (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | A kind of runoff and sediment automated watch-keeping facility |
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| CN104764494B true CN104764494B (en) | 2018-10-02 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106404135A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-15 | 西安理工大学 | Automatic water and sediment measuring and weighing device |
| CN107271223B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2020-03-17 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Continuous sampling and measuring system and method for runoff and sediment in indoor soil tank test |
| CN107255603B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2023-07-14 | 周庆华 | Buoyancy type district runoff sediment automatic observation instrument |
| CN108007815A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-08 | 淮阴师范学院 | Unattended runoff silt content detection device and system |
| CN109212151B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2021-06-08 | 杨运 | Sediment content detector protection device |
| CN110238144A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-17 | 西安天舁敏道光电科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic flushing device of runoff monitoring hydrocone type metering dust-collecting bucket |
| CN112526640B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-05-03 | 四川轻化工大学 | Debris flow early warning device based on rainfall monitoring |
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| CN104764494A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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