CN110823648A

CN110823648A - Stepped slope runoff sampler

Info

Publication number: CN110823648A
Application number: CN201911029937.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙锐; 高良敏; 顾昕; 赵一蔚; 杨洁
Original assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2020-02-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a stepped slope runoff sampler, belonging to a sampling appliance, comprising partition plates around a runoff plot, a blocking net at the top, a silt collecting tank at the rear, a water outlet with the blocking net, a diversion hose, a stepped drainage tube, a flowmeter, an exhaust valve, a movable sealing cover, a scale communicating vessel, a ball valve and a runoff collecting bottle; the runoff water collecting bottle has three grades, foreign matters are intercepted through the blocking net, runoff with different rainfall degrees in the rainfall process can be collected through the stepped drainage tube, and the movable sealing cover on the bottle is automatically opened and closed through self gravity and water body pressure; solid-liquid separation and collection can be achieved through the silt collecting tank; the sample thief all has flowmeter, scale linker, just can observe inside runoff collection condition from the outside, only needs to open ball valve under the bottle during the water intaking, and is easy and simple to handle.

Description

Stepped slope runoff sampler

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring, in particular to a step type slope runoff sampler, and discloses a field dynamic monitoring device for enhancing water and soil loss.

Background

At present, the known slope runoff sampling mostly adopts a water collecting tank method, most sampling devices are porous flow dividing devices, most devices cannot collect solid and liquid together, the situation of collecting water samples can not be observed in site in real time, and the water samples need to be transferred by multiple people. Different test areas have different environmental complexity, and if data collection cannot be observed in real time, later analysis is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the runoff sampling device can collect runoff generated in the middle and later periods before rainfall in stages, monitors the water and soil loss condition, and has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation, difficulty in pollution, convenience in water taking, convenience in observation and economical and practical properties.

The invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical scheme:

a stepped slope runoff sampler comprises a partition board around a runoff plot, a blocking net at the top, a sediment collecting tank at the rear part, a water outlet with the blocking net, a diversion hose, a stepped drainage tube, a flowmeter, an exhaust valve, a movable sealing cover, a scale communicating vessel, a ball valve and runoff water collecting bottles with different capacities.

Preferably, the top of the peripheral partition plate of the runoff plot is provided with a blocking net to prevent foreign matters outside the enclosed environment from entering, the front end close to the water outlet is provided with a groove for blocking fine sand and gravel in the runoff collection process, and gravel collection and cleaning can be carried out by disassembling the blocking net at the top.

Preferably, the stepped slope runoff sampler provided by the invention is characterized in that the stepped runoff collecting device is used for collecting runoff in stages from a smaller runoff before rain to a larger runoff in rain, and the stepped drainage tube is used for ensuring that the runoff is collected according to the steps.

Preferably, in the step type slope runoff sampler provided by the invention, the part of the water collecting bottle connected with the drainage tube is provided with a flowmeter, the flow velocity of water flow in different stages can be measured respectively, the runoff intensity is calculated, the drainage tube is provided with a movable sealing cover at the terminal, when no water flow exists, the cover is closed under the action of gravity, when runoff is generated, the cover is pushed open under the action of the thrust of the water flow to start water collection, after the water collection is completed, the water surface does not pass through the sealing cover, and because the sealing cover is inclined, the submerged water body can generate partial pressure to enable the cover to achieve the sealing effect, and the runoff collection is completed.

Preferably, the right side of the runoff water collecting bottle is provided with the communicating vessel with scales, so that the collection condition of runoff can be observed immediately when the runoff water collecting bottle reaches a monitoring point, and the stepped slope runoff sampler is convenient and saves time.

Preferably, the stepped slope runoff sampler provided by the invention has the advantages that the ball valve is arranged at the lower right corner of the runoff water collecting bottle and is used for taking water, and the mode is quick and convenient; meanwhile, the top of the water collecting bottle is provided with a cover which is provided with an exhaust valve, so that the problem that water does not flow into the bottle due to air pressure is solved; when the bottle is cleaned, water can be filled through the upper air valve for flushing.

Has the advantages that:

compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the peripheral baffle of the runoff plot is made of organic glass, so that the light transmittance is good, the formation of runoff in the plot and the scouring state of the set environment can be observed from the periphery, and the recording and observation are convenient;

2. the top and the water outlet part of the runoff plot are provided with the blocking nets, so that sundries outside the plot are prevented from entering, and sundries in the runoff are prevented from entering and blocking the hose, so that water can be taken smoothly and no foreign matters exist;

3. a silt collecting tank is arranged at the rear half part of the runoff plot, silt can be collected in the set plot range, and the runoff erosion effect can be summarized by combining the characteristics of different runoff plots (such as grasslands, cultivated lands, bare lands and the like);

4. the flow meter is arranged at the front end of the runoff water collecting bottle, so that the flow can be monitored in real time in the runoff generating and collecting process, the runoff generating and collecting device is quick, convenient, time-saving and labor-saving, manual field monitoring is not needed, and monitoring at any time is realized;

5. the runoff water collecting bottle is provided with the scale communicating vessel, so that the water collecting condition in the bottle can be visually observed, the rainwater can be conveniently and immediately collected by matching with the rotary ball valve, the rainwater can be brought back to a laboratory for detection, the operation is simple, and the operation is easy to start;

6. the movable sealing cover of the water collecting bottle is automatically opened and closed through self gravity and water body pressure, so that the operation is simple, and energy is saved;

7. simple structure, the material environmental protection, the simple installation, the practical function is stronger.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the inventive structure;

FIG. 2 is a partial detailed structural schematic view (a. runoff collection bottle, b. water outlet);

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings,

referring to fig. 1, the slope runoff sampler of the invention operates as follows:

a clapboard (1) and a silt collecting tank (3) are installed according to the size and the gradient of the runoff plot, and a step-shaped drainage tube (6) and runoff water collecting bottles (8), (9) and (10) at the back are connected through a hose (5).

When rainfall produces runoff to scour the ground surface in a community, solid matters such as silt and the like are scoured to a silt collecting tank (3) after being intercepted by the community by self, rainwater flows to a water outlet blocking net (4), flows to a first small water collecting bottle (8) along a stepped drainage pipe flow (6) after being intercepted by impurities for the second time, a flow meter (7) produces flow record, and water collection begins along with the fact that a movable sealing cover (11) is jacked open by the water flow; the condition of catchmenting is observed to scale linker (13) on catchmenting in-process accessible right side, collects when water and accomplishes, and movable sealed lid (11) can be because partial gravity of water is closed, and the one-level is catchmented and is ended. The water flow will pass through the first water collecting bottle and then sequentially go down to complete the collection.

The runoff plot baffle can be according to setting up the area and carry out size, slope adjustment, like the meadow runoff, the bare land runoff size may be different, and the collector bottle in rear portion can lead to the different condition of runoff size according to seasonal rainfall difference simultaneously, suitably increases and decreases the collector bottle number.

Claims

1. A cascaded slope runoff sample thief which characterized in that: the device comprises a runoff plot surrounding baffle plate (1) and a silt collecting tank (3), wherein the runoff plot surrounding baffle plate is connected with a stepped drainage tube (6) through a water outlet (4) and a diversion hose (5), and water flow enters a water collecting bottle to complete collection in sequence.

2. The stepped slope runoff sampler of claim 1, wherein: there is block net (2) at baffle (1) top all around in runoff district, prevents that the outside great foreign matter of runoff district environment from getting into, encloses and keeps off district rear end silt collecting vat (3) for collect the fine sand gravel of runoff in-process, block net (2) at accessible dismantlement top carry out gravel silt collection and clearance.

3. The stepped slope runoff sampler of claim 1, wherein: divide multistage runoff water-collecting device, distinguish the runoff and collect by grades by less to the great characteristics in the rain before the rain, divide into small-size water collecting bottle (8), medium-sized water collecting bottle (9), large-scale water collecting bottle (10), concrete size can be according to actually laying the district size and formulating.

4. The stepped slope runoff sampler of claim 1, wherein: the part that the water collecting bottle links to each other with cascaded drainage tube (6) is equipped with flowmeter (7), can measure the velocity of flow of different stages rivers respectively, calculate runoff intensity, and be movable sealed lid (11) at the drainage tube terminal, when not having rivers, the lid is closed because the action of gravity, when the runoff produces, because the thrust effect of rivers backs down the lid, begin to catchment, after the completion catchment, the surface of water does not cross sealed lid, because sealed lid is the slope, the water that does not cross can produce some pressure and cause the lid to reach sealed effect, the runoff is collected and is accomplished.

5. The stepped slope runoff sampler of claim 1, wherein: the right side of runoff water-collecting bottle is equipped with scale linker (13), and the collection situation of runoff can be observed when arriving the monitoring place to the personnel of sampling, and is convenient and save time.

6. The stepped slope runoff sampler of claim 1, wherein: the lower right corner of the runoff water collecting bottle is provided with a ball valve (14) for taking water, and the mode is quick and convenient; meanwhile, the top of the water collecting bottle is provided with a cover which is provided with an exhaust valve (12) to prevent water from flowing into the water collecting bottle due to air pressure; when the bottle is cleaned, water can be filled through the upper air valve for flushing.