CN107421577B - Test device for simulating comprehensive efficiency of biological detention pond under natural rainfall condition - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for simulating comprehensive effectiveness of a biological detention pond under natural rainfall conditions, which comprises a test bed and a test barrel placement area, wherein the test bed is of a double-layer bed surface structure and comprises a water seepage plate and a water collection plate, the water collection plate is arranged below the water seepage plate, a plurality of water seepage holes are further formed in the surface of the water seepage plate, an outer baffle plate is arranged on the periphery of the water seepage plate and matched with the outer baffle plate to form a confluence space, a movable separation assembly is arranged in the confluence space, the movable separation assembly separates the confluence space into a water collection area and a drainage area, a plurality of confluence drainage openings are formed in one side of the outer baffle plate corresponding to the water collection area, one side of the confluence drainage openings is provided with the test barrel placement area, and an artificial rainfall assembly is arranged above the test barrel placement area and the water seepage plate. The invention can be used for simulating the comprehensive efficiency of the biological detention pond under the natural rainfall condition, carrying out quantitative analysis, providing basis for the establishment of the sponge city construction scheme, and has the advantages of low preparation cost, convenient installation and disassembly, strong operability and wide application range.

Description

A test device for the comprehensive efficiency of bioretention ponds under simulated natural rainfall conditions

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sponge city construction, in particular to a test device for simulating the comprehensive efficiency of biological retention ponds under natural rainfall conditions.

Background technique

Sponge city is a brand-new urban construction concept. It follows the principle of ecological priority, combines natural approaches with artificial measures, and builds a sponge city with natural accumulation, natural infiltration, and natural purification under the premise of ensuring the safety of urban drainage and waterlogging. , to maximize the accumulation of rainwater in urban areas, promote the utilization of rainwater resources and the protection of the ecological environment. Bioretention ponds are a key technology for treating runoff rainwater and staggering peak discharge in the construction of sponge cities. The research on bioretention tanks in my country started relatively late, and there are many problems such as insufficient adaptability and high cost when copying foreign research results. We urgently need to carry out relevant localization research on bioretention tanks. There are many deficiencies in the experimental device for efficacy research.

The existing buried test device is to set up a bioretention test pool in the roadside green belt on the simulated site, and divide the catchment area with a divider on the road. Because the area of the bioretention test pool and the matching catchment area is relatively large, It is difficult to cover the entire test area with artificial rainfall devices, and the test can only be carried out during natural rainfall, but the controllability of actual rainfall is poor, the test accuracy is insufficient, and the test efficiency is low; the pool is buried in the ground, and the observation of plant root growth and sampling of fillers in the later stage The analysis is difficult, and at the same time, once the ratio of the catchment area to the surface area of the retention tank is determined, it is difficult to change it later, and the flexibility is insufficient; moreover, for the buried bioretention test tanks that have been built, it is extremely inconvenient to replace the filler. Controlled trials are difficult.

The existing above-ground test device is to set up a bioretention test tank on the ground and equipped with a simulated rainfall device, without setting up an actual catchment area. The simulated rainfall device controls the rainfall by means of a pressurization device and the opening degree of the manual control valve. The size of the runoff in the simulated catchment area is based on a certain catchment area and runoff coefficient to calculate the runoff per unit time, and then convert it into rainfall, and directly enter the bioretention pond through the sprinkler device. It is not the actual rainfall intensity, and there is a certain runoff time and water collection time after the rain starts in the actual situation, resulting in a large difference between the simulated rainfall runoff process line and the actual situation; very few test devices are equipped with catchment plates (trough), but its area is still a definite value, and the infiltration factor of the catchment area is not considered, so its operability is limited.

In addition, most of the existing test devices are unable to carry out multiple sets of tests at the same time, such as studying the effects of different filter layer fillers, different water catchment areas or different plant types on the overall performance of the system under the same rainfall event, especially to study the impact of rainfall intervals on In the test of the influence of system comprehensive efficiency, it is necessary to ensure that the rainfall intensity and rainfall time of two adjacent rainfall events are at the same frequency, so that the bioretention barrel (pool) to be tested faces exactly the same external conditions during the rainfall interval, while the current There are devices that are difficult to operate.

Furthermore, in actual engineering, the bioretention ponds on both sides of the road surface may be located on both sides of the catchment area or in the middle of the catchment area. It is also different, and it will also have an impact on the overall performance of the system. Existing devices are also unable to simulate the comprehensive performance of bioretention tanks under different confluence characteristics.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a test device for the comprehensive performance of bioretention ponds under simulated natural rainfall conditions. The present invention can be used to simulate the comprehensive performance of bioretention ponds under natural rainfall conditions, and quantitative The analysis provides a basis for the formulation of the sponge city construction plan, and the preparation cost is low, the installation and disassembly are convenient, the operability is strong, and the application is wide.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical purpose and achieve the above-mentioned technical effect, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A test device for simulating the comprehensive efficiency of bioretention tanks under natural rainfall conditions, including a test bed, a test bucket placement area and a detection and control system;

The test bed is a double-layer bed surface structure. The double-layer bed surface structure includes a water seepage plate and a water collection plate. The periphery of the seepage plate is provided with an outer baffle and cooperates with the outer baffle to form a confluence space. The test barrel placement area is set outside one side of the outer baffle, and a movable partition assembly is arranged in the confluence space. The movable partition The component divides the confluence space into a water catchment area and a drainage area. The outer baffle is located on the first side wall between the water catchment area and the test bucket placement area. Several confluence drains with opening and closing functions are provided. The water collecting plate is also provided with an infiltration outlet, and an infiltration flowmeter is arranged on the infiltration outlet;

A bioretention test barrel is provided in the test barrel placement area, an artificial rainfall assembly is arranged above the test barrel placement area and the test bed, and an inflow flow meter is arranged on the artificial rainfall assembly;

The detection and control system includes a computer, a rainfall controller, and a flow recorder, and the inflow flowmeter and the infiltration flowmeter are connected to the flow recorder.

Further, the surface of the water seepage plate is evenly divided into several water catchment units, each water catchment unit is provided with a water seepage hole, and a soft plug is arranged in the water seepage hole.

Further, the outer baffle is provided with a number of drain holes on the second side rib and the third side rib on both sides of the first side rib, and the drain holes are close to the corners of adjacent water collection units Set, a soft plug is also arranged in the drain hole.

Further, the movable partition assembly includes several positioning partition columns and several partition inserts, four first slots are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the positioning partition columns, and the first slots face the corresponding outer baffles The inner wall is set, and the inner wall of the outer baffle corresponding to the first card slot is also provided with a second card slot. The partition board is arranged between the first card slot and the second card slot or between two adjacent card slots. Position the dividers between the first card slots between the posts.

Further, escape channels are provided between the bottoms of the first and second clamping grooves and the seepage plate.

Further, the artificial rainfall assembly includes a frame, a sprinkler, a water pipeline and a booster, the sprinkler is fixed on the frame, and the rainfall controller in the detection and control system is connected to the booster to increase the The pressure device is connected with the spraying device through a water delivery pipeline, and a water inlet flow meter is arranged on the water delivery pipeline.

Further, both the seepage plate and the water collection plate are set on the support frame, and the bottom of the support frame is provided with adjustable feet.

Further, the bioretention test barrel is set on a sliding cart, and the bioretention test barrel includes a transparent barrel body, and a test filler is arranged in the transparent barrel body, and plants are planted on the surface of the test filler and are provided with plant growth An observation ruler, an overflow hole and a water outlet hole are arranged on the side of the transparent barrel body, the overflow hole is connected with an overflow pipe, an overflow flowmeter is arranged on the overflow pipe, and the water outlet hole is connected with the outlet The outlet pipe is connected with a water outlet flowmeter, and the overflow flowmeter and the outlet water flowmeter are connected with the flow recorder in the detection and control system.

Further, the outer surface of the transparent barrel is covered with a black sponge.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention adopts mobile bioretention test barrels, which can prepare several bioretention test barrels with different fillers and different plant types. During the test, the corresponding bioretention test barrels are moved to the corresponding positions in the test area according to the test plan, and the operability is strong. Convenient and flexible.

2. The movable partition component divides the seepage plate into catchment area and drainage area with adjustable area. After the rainfall starts, the flow generation and confluence on the seepage plate are close to the actual situation, and the area of different catchment area and the surface area of bioretention tank can be adjusted. Experimental study of the ratio, comparing the influence of different catchment areas on the comprehensive performance of the bioretention system;

3. There are several seepage holes that can be opened and closed on the seepage plate. The runoff coefficient of the test bed can be adjusted by opening and closing the seepage holes, that is, the infiltration amount of the test bed can be controlled by opening and closing the seepage holes, and different types of catchment areas can be simulated. Comprehensive efficiency of bioretention tanks, determine the most suitable ratio of catchment area to surface area of bioretention tanks;

4. This device can meet the requirements of multiple bioretention test barrels to conduct tests at the same time. Under the same rainfall conditions, the influence of external conditions caused by time differences can be avoided, so that the time between the end of the first rainfall and the beginning of the next rainfall During the intermittent period, the external conditions faced by the bioretention test tank are exactly the same, and its interference to the test can also be ignored;

5. The bioretention test tank can be set at the corresponding position of any confluence outlet in the catchment area, which is close to the actual situation and can simulate the comprehensive performance of the system under different confluence characteristics. The operation is simple and the data is true and reliable.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement it according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention and accompanying drawings are described in detail below. The specific embodiment of the present invention is given in detail by the following examples and accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the technical description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some implementations of the present invention For example, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a water seepage plate and a water collecting plate of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the movable partition assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of bioretention tank comprehensive performance test when simulating one-way confluence of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structure schematic diagram of bioretention tank comprehensive performance test when simulating two-way confluence of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention simulating the same catchment area and different bioretention test barrels for simultaneous testing.

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention simulating different catchment areas and the same bioretention test barrel for simultaneous tests.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a test device for the comprehensive performance of bioretention tanks under simulated natural rainfall conditions includes a test bed 111, a test bucket placement area 5 and a detection and control system 112; the test bed is used to receive test rainwater and distinguish Converge to the test barrel placement area, and discharge part of the rainwater by simulating infiltration; the test barrel placement area is provided with a bioretention test barrel 6 to receive the rainwater converging to the test barrel placement area; the detection and control system 112 effectively monitors each Some rainwater inflow and outflow data;

Among them, the artificial rainfall assembly 7 is arranged above the test barrel placement area and the test bed, and the artificial rainfall assembly can drop the rainwater evenly into the test barrel placement area and the test bed area. total rainfall.

The above-mentioned test bed is a double-layer bed surface structure. The double-layer bed surface structure includes a water seepage plate 1 and a water collection plate 10. The water collection plate is arranged under the water seepage plate. A number of water seepage holes 9 are also arranged on the surface of the water seepage plate. Part of the rainwater will flow to the water collecting plate through the seepage hole, wherein the water collecting plate has the function of water storage, and a retaining edge can be set; the periphery of the water seepage plate is provided with an outer baffle 2 and cooperates with the outer baffle to form a confluence space, and the rainwater can flow in the confluence space The inner guide converges and arranges to the designated design position; the test barrel placement area is set outside one side of the outer baffle, and the movable partition component 3 is arranged in the confluence space, and the movable partition component divides the confluence space into a catchment area and a drainage area. The rainwater can be discharged directly, and the rainwater in the catchment area is for use; the outer baffle is located on the first side wall between the catchment area and the test barrel placement area, and several confluence drains 4 with opening and closing functions are arranged, and the confluence drainage The outlet is the way to discharge the rainwater on the test bed into the bioretention test bucket; the water collecting plate is also provided with an infiltration outlet 11, and an infiltration flow meter 12 is arranged on the infiltration outlet, so that the rainwater falling through the seepage hole can be collected and measurements to simulate ground infiltration;

The detection and control system includes a computer 113, a rainfall controller 114, a flow recorder, an inflow flowmeter, an infiltration flowmeter and the flow recorder are connected, and the computer is used to receive data collected by the flow recorder, which is convenient for use. The rainfall controller in the detection and control system can effectively control the rainfall intensity, rainfall duration and raindrop size, etc.

The surface of the above-mentioned seepage plate is evenly divided into several water catchment units 13, through the setting of the water catchment units, the movable partition assembly can be separated along it, and the area of the water catchment area can be quickly determined after the separation (after determining the area of a single water catchment unit , the total area can be obtained by multiplying by the number of catchment units in the catchment area), each catchment unit is provided with a seepage hole 9, and a soft plug is arranged in the seepage hole to prevent the water from flowing into the catchment plate, In the test, the number of seepage holes on the surface of the seepage plate can be adjusted according to the type of the simulated plot and its comprehensive runoff coefficient. During the adjustment, the number of opening and closing of the seepage holes in each catchment unit must be consistent, and the soft plug can be partially convex. Out of the surface of the seepage board, the convex part will hinder the confluence of rainwater to a certain extent, so as to simulate the obstruction effect of uneven road surface on rainwater when the road surface confluences.

The above-mentioned outer baffles are located on the second side rib and the third side rib on both sides of the first side rib. When it is on the side of the drainage area, it needs to be plugged with a soft plug to prevent the discharge of rainwater. When it is on the side of the drainage area, the soft plug should be pulled out so that the falling rainwater can be discharged smoothly. Located on the side of the first side rib, after being isolated by the movable partition component, the drainage hole at the included angle can completely discharge rainwater without accumulation, avoiding that it cannot be discharged quickly and overflows into the catchment area, effectively reducing the impact on rainwater. Disturbance of the water catchment area, and also effectively reduce the pressure on the seepage plate.

The movable partition assembly includes several positioning partition columns 15 and several partition inserts 16, four first slots 17 are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the positioning partition columns, and the first slots are arranged towards the corresponding inner wall of the outer baffle, and the first A second card slot 171 is also provided on the inner wall of the outer baffle plate corresponding to the card slot, and the partition board is arranged between the first card slot and the second card slot or between the first two adjacent positioning partition columns. between the card slots. Among them, the positioning separation column is set at the angle between the four adjacent water catchment units. This position can well separate the water catchment units evenly. When the adjacent water catchment units need to be connected, no separation is provided. When the board needs to be isolated, a partition board can be inserted between the first card slot and the first card slot or between the first card slot and the second card slot between the adjacent sides to separate the plug-in board. The angle between the bottom of the board and the seepage board can be sealed with sealant or tape to prevent the rainwater from the drainage area from flowing into the catchment area and thus affect the accuracy of the test.

An avoidance channel is arranged between the bottom of the first card slot and the bottom of the second card slot and the water seepage plate. When the rainwater confluence is discharged from the drain hole, the avoidance channel can avoid blocking the rainwater, flow away quickly, and avoid accumulation. The test device creates pressure.

When the above structure is in use, when the area of four catchment units is required, four connected catchment units are selected around the confluence outlet to be used, and then inserted into the corresponding first card slot and second card slot through the partition plate. Between the slots and between the first slots and the first slots corresponding to the adjacent positioning partition columns, the effect of enclosure is formed.

When the area of five water catchment units is required, select five connected water catchment units around the confluence outlet to be used, and then insert the corresponding first card slot and the second card slot and the first card slot through the partition plate. Between the groove and the first slot corresponding to the adjacent positioning separation column, the effect of enclosure is formed;

In the above operation, it should be noted that continuous water collection units are required to be separated, and finally the separated water collection units can be connected, and can be overlapped arbitrarily, and the operation is simple and reliable.

The artificial rainfall assembly includes a frame 18, a sprinkler 181, a water delivery pipe 19 and a booster 20, the sprinkler is fixed on the frame, the rainfall controller in the detection and control system is connected to the booster, and the booster passes through The water delivery pipeline is connected with the sprinkler device, and the water delivery pipeline is provided with a water inlet flowmeter. The pressurization device pumps the rainwater in the rainwater storage tank to the water pipeline, and sprays it in the working area through the sprinkler device. The nozzle on the sprinkler device can be adjusted by the rainfall controller to achieve the rainfall intensity set in the test;

Both the water seepage plate and the water collection plate are arranged on the support frame 21, and the bottom of the support frame is provided with adjustable feet, which can simulate the inclination angle of the ground during confluence.

The bioretention test tank is arranged on the sliding trolley 22, which is convenient for the test personnel to operate. The bioretention test tank includes a transparent tank body, and the test filler is arranged in the transparent tank body. Plants are planted on the filler and a plant growth observation ruler is provided for easy recording. Plant growth situation, and can observe the growth situation of inner filling layer condition and plant root system through transparent bucket body, overflow hole 24 and outlet hole 25 are arranged on the side of transparent bucket body, overflow hole is connected with overflow pipe, overflow An overflow flowmeter is set on the flow pipe, the outlet hole is connected to the outlet pipe, and an outlet flowmeter is installed on the outlet pipe. The overflow flowmeter and the outlet flowmeter are connected to the flow recorder in the detection and control system, which can collect and summarize in real time information. The outer surface of the transparent barrel is covered with black sponge, which simulates the dark underground environment while facilitating observation, and reduces the interference of light and other conditions.

The following are examples of how to use the device with the layout methods designed for the four tests:

(1) Example of the layout of the bioretention tank comprehensive performance test when simulating one-way confluence: As shown in Figure 5, the bioretention test tank is located on the side of the catchment area, which belongs to one-way catchment, and the movable partition component separates the seepage plate In the catchment area and the drainage area, the ratio of the test catchment area to the surface area of the bioretention test tank is 8:1; Then all open; the confluence outlet corresponding to the bioretention test bucket is open, and the rest of the confluence outlet are closed; the seepage holes on the surface of the seepage plate are all opened to simulate the road surface with a small runoff coefficient.

(2) Example of the layout of the comprehensive performance test of the bioretention tank when simulating two-way confluence: in actual engineering, the bioretention tank may be located anywhere in the catchment area, as shown in Figure 6. In the middle, it is a two-way catchment, the ratio of the test catchment area to the surface area of the bioretention test tank is 10:1; the seepage holes on the surface of the seepage plate are partially closed, and the number of closed seepage holes in each catchment unit is the same, to simulate The runoff coefficient of the actual road surface is simple to operate, which greatly improves the test efficiency.

(3) Example of the layout of the same catchment area and different bioretention test tanks for simultaneous tests: the layout shown in Figure 7 is adopted, the ratio of the test catchment area to the surface area of the bioretention test tank is 4: 1, and the confluence method All of them are unidirectional water catchment, which can simulate the experimental research on the influence of different retention tank types, different filler types or different plant types on the overall performance of the detention tank. Two bioretention test tanks are placed in the test tank placement area on both sides of the bottom corner for simultaneous tests, and a bioretention test tank with a water-retaining layer and a bio-retention test tank without a water-retaining layer are placed to compare the comprehensive performance of different types of bioretention tanks Test; place bioretention test barrels of the same structure (with or without water-retaining layer), and use different fillers for comparative tests; you can also place bioretention test barrels of the same structure and the same type of filler, two The barrels were planted with different plants, and the plant screening test was carried out. The two bioretention test tanks have the same external conditions except their own conditions, and the control effect is good. While improving the test efficiency, the test results are also more accurate.

(4) Example of the layout of different water catchment areas and the same bioretention test tank for simultaneous tests: using the layout shown in Figure 8, the ratio of different water catchment areas to the surface area of the bioretention test tank can be compared at the same time. Experimental research on the effect of efficiency, the ratio is 4:1 and 3:1, the two bioretention test tanks are exactly the same, and the hydrological parameters such as outflow time and overflow time of the two bioretention test tanks can be seen intuitively during the test The simulation effect is good and the error is small, because the interference of external conditions can be ignored in the simultaneous test, which improves the test efficiency and accuracy.

After the test layout plan is determined, use the above-mentioned device to conduct effective hydrological effect research, including the following steps:

1. According to the local rainstorm intensity formula, select the corresponding rainstorm return period and rainfall duration, and determine the rainfall intensity and total rainfall of the simulated rainfall;

2. The rainfall coverage area is the total area of the test area as A ₀ , the total area of the seepage plate as A ₁ , the area of the catchment area isolated by movable partition components as A ₂ , and the surface area of a single bioretention test tank as A 2 . is _A3 ;

3. Push the bioretention test barrel to be tested to the test barrel placement area with a sliding cart, and open the corresponding confluence drain;

4. Record the readings of the inlet flowmeter, outlet flowmeter, overflow flowmeter, and infiltration flowmeter in the initial state as Q ₁ , Q ₂ , Q ₃ , and Q ₄ , and the rainfall begins;

5. After the rainfall ends, record the readings Q ₁₁ , Q ₂₂ , Q ₃₃ , and Q ₄₄ of the inflow flowmeter, effluent flowmeter, overflow flowmeter, and infiltration flowmeter;

6. The total rainfall Q ₁ '=(Q ₁₁ -Q ₁ ), the outflow of the bioretention test barrel Q ₂ '= (Q ₂₂ -Q ₂ ), the overflow of the bioretention test barrel Q ₃ '=( Q ₃₃ -Q ₃ ), total infiltration Q ₄ '=(Q ₄₄ -Q ₄ );

The corresponding rainfall in the test bed area Q ₅ '=Q ₁ '×A ₁ /A ₀ , runoff coefficient ψ=(Q ₅ '-Q ₄ ')/Q ₅ ' in the whole test process

Effective rainfall = runoff in the catchment area + rainfall directly entering the bioretention test tank = Q ₁ '× (A ₂ /A ₀ )×ψ+Q ₁ '×A ₃ /A ₀ , denoted as Q ₆ ';

Among them, the flow recorder is connected with the inflow flowmeter, effluent flowmeter, overflow flowmeter, and infiltration flowmeter to collect the data, and can read the curve of rainfall and outflow over time from the flow recorder, and import it into EXCEL In the table, according to the curve, the flow delay time t ₁ , flood peak delay time t ₂ , total runoff reduction rate=(Q ₆ '-Q ₂ '-Q ₃ ')/(Q ₆ '-Q ₃ ' )×100% and flood peak reduction rate=(q ₁ -q ₂ )/q ₁ , where q ₁ is the maximum flow velocity during rainfall, and q ₂ is the maximum flow velocity during outflow.

7. When it is necessary to study the permeability coefficient of the filter layer filler, install three piezometric tubes on the bioretention test tank. After the rain stops, record the pressure measurement tube when the surface liquid level in the bioretention tank drops to about 10cm on the surface of the medium. The readings h ₁ , h ₂ , h ₃ and the outflow velocity q, the permeability coefficient of the filter layer packing k=qL/A ₃ h, where q is the outflow velocity, L is the distance between adjacent piezometric tubes, and A ₃ is the bioretention The surface area of the bucket, h=[(h ₁ -h ₂ ) +(h ₂ -h ₃ )]/2.

After determining the test layout plan, use the above-mentioned device to conduct effective water quality effect research:

If the influent water used in the test is the natural rainfall runoff collected in the rainwater storage tank, the water can be directly taken from the rainwater storage tank, and the effluent is taken from the outlet of the bioretention test tank, and the permanganate index, total nitrogen, and Total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, suspended solids and other indicators are used to calculate the removal rate; if manual water distribution is required, the relevant indicators of the influent water are known, and the relevant indicators are tested at the outlet of the bioretention test tank to calculate the removal rate.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. A test device for the comprehensive efficiency of bioretention ponds under simulated natural rainfall conditions, characterized in that: it includes a test bed, a test barrel placement area and a detection and control system; The test bed is a double-layer bed surface structure. The double-layer bed surface structure includes a water seepage plate and a water collection plate. The periphery of the seepage plate is provided with an outer baffle and cooperates with the outer baffle to form a confluence space. The test barrel placement area is set outside one side of the outer baffle, and a movable partition assembly is arranged in the confluence space. The movable partition The component divides the confluence space into a water catchment area and a drainage area. The outer baffle is located on the first side wall between the water catchment area and the test bucket placement area. Several confluence drains with opening and closing functions are provided. The water collecting plate is also provided with an infiltration outlet, and an infiltration flowmeter is arranged on the infiltration outlet; A bioretention test barrel is provided in the test barrel placement area, an artificial rainfall assembly is arranged above the test barrel placement area and the test bed, and an inflow flow meter is arranged on the artificial rainfall assembly; The detection and control system includes a computer, a rainfall controller, and a flow recorder, and the inflow flowmeter and the infiltration flowmeter are connected to the flow recorder; The surface of the water seepage plate is evenly divided into several water catchment units, each water catchment unit is provided with a water seepage hole, and a soft plug is arranged in the water seepage hole; The outer baffle is provided with a number of drain holes on the second side rib and the third side rib on both sides of the first side rib, and the drain holes are set near the angles of adjacent water collection units, so A soft plug is also arranged in the drain hole. 2. The test device for the comprehensive efficiency of bioretention tanks under a simulated natural rainfall condition according to claim 1, wherein the movable partition assembly includes several positioning partition columns and several partition inserts, and the positioning partition columns Four first card slots are evenly arranged on the outer surface, and the first card slots are set towards the corresponding inner wall of the outer baffle, and the second card slots are also provided on the inner wall of the outer baffle corresponding to the first card slots , the partition board is arranged between the first card slot and the second card slot or between the first card slots between two adjacent positioning and partition columns. 3. The test device for the comprehensive performance of bioretention tanks under a simulated natural rainfall condition according to claim 2, characterized in that: between the bottom of the first slot, the bottom of the second slot and the water seepage plate Avoid runners. 4. The test device for the comprehensive performance of bioretention tanks under a kind of simulated natural rainfall condition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the artificial rainfall assembly comprises a frame, a spraying device, a water pipeline and a pressurizing device, The spraying device is fixed on the frame, the rainfall controller in the detection and control system is connected to the booster device, and the booster device is connected to the spraying device through a water delivery pipeline, and the water delivery pipeline is provided with a water inlet flowmeter . 5. A test device for the comprehensive performance of bioretention ponds under simulated natural rainfall conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seepage plate and the water collection plate are both arranged on the supporting frame, and the bottom of the supporting frame is arranged With adjustable feet. 6. The test device for the comprehensive performance of a bioretention tank under a simulated natural rainfall condition according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bioretention test bucket is arranged on a sliding cart, and the bioretention test bucket includes a transparent Barrel, the transparent barrel is provided with test filler, the surface of the test filler is planted with plants and is provided with a plant growth observation ruler, overflow holes and water outlet holes are arranged on the side of the transparent barrel, the overflow The hole is connected with an overflow pipe, the overflow pipe is provided with an overflow flowmeter, the water outlet hole is connected with the outlet pipe, the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet flowmeter, and the overflow flowmeter and the outlet flowmeter Connect with the flow recorder in the detection control system. 7. A test device for comprehensive performance of bioretention ponds under simulated natural rainfall conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: the outer surface of the transparent barrel is coated with black sponge.

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