CN107421577A - The experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation - Google Patents
The experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107421577A CN107421577A CN201710818587.0A CN201710818587A CN107421577A CN 107421577 A CN107421577 A CN 107421577A CN 201710818587 A CN201710818587 A CN 201710818587A CN 107421577 A CN107421577 A CN 107421577A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of simulation natural precipitation, including test bed and experiment bucket rest area, test bed is that double-deck bed surface structure includes water permeating board and water collection sheet, water collection sheet is arranged on below water permeating board, infiltration plate surface is additionally provided with some water seepage holes, the periphery of water permeating board is provided with outer baffle and cooperatively forms space of confluxing with outer baffle, conflux and be provided with movable partition component in space, the movable partition component space that will conflux is divided into water catchment area and catchment, water catchment area is provided with some discharge outlet of confluxing on corresponding outer baffle side, discharge outlet of confluxing side is arranged to test bucket rest area, experiment bucket rest area above water permeating board with being provided with rain making component.The present invention can be used for the comprehensive effectiveness of biological delaying basin under the conditions of simulation natural precipitation, carry out quantitative analysis, provide foundation for the formulation of sponge urban construction scheme, and preparation cost is cheap, installation, convenient disassembly, workable, wide application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sponge urban construction technical field, and in particular to biology is detained under the conditions of one kind simulation natural precipitation
The experimental rig of pond comprehensive effectiveness.
Background technology
Sponge city is a kind of brand-new urban construction theory, and it follows the principle of Ecology Precedence, by natural way and people
Work measure is combined, and on the premise of ensure municipal drainage prevention waterlogging safety, builds nature accumulation, naturally osmotic, self-purification
Sponge city, realize rainwater in the accumulation of urban area, the utilization and ecological environmental protection of promotion rainwater resource to greatest extent.
Biological delaying basin is to be used to handle runoff rainwater in sponge urban construction, the key technology for the slow row that avoids the peak hour.China is for life
The research of thing delaying basin is started late, indiscriminately imitate foreign countries achievement in research exist adaptability deficiency, the excessively high problems of cost, I
There is an urgent need to carry out biological delaying basin related localization research, but it is existing be used for biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness study
Experimental rig many defects be present.
Existing buried experimental rig is that simulation scene sets biological retardation assay pond in roadside greenbelt, and in road
On with divider divide water catchment area, because biological retardation assay pond is larger plus supporting watershed area, use artificial drop
Rain device could be tested when being difficult and covering whole trial zone, only natural rainfall, and actual rainfall poor controllability, experiment essence
Degree deficiency, test efficiency are low；Pond body is embedded to underground, observation and filler sampling analysis difficulty of the later stage to plant root growth
Greatly, at the same catchment area and delaying basin surface area fraction once it is determined that, the later stage is difficult to change again, flexibility deficiency；Moreover for
For the buried biological retardation assay pond built up, filler also extremely inconvenience is changed, it is big to carry out check experiment difficulty.
Existing ground type experimental rig is to set biological retardation assay bucket on the ground and be equipped with rainfall simulator, and
Actual water catchment area is not provided with, rainfall simulator is to control rainfall by the open degree of supercharging device and manual control valve
Size, and it is then to be calculated according to certain catchment area and runoff coefficient in the unit interval to simulate runoff caused by water catchment area
Run-off, be then converted to rainfall, biological delaying basin be directly entered by spray equipment, spray raininess is not actual drop
Raininess degree, and certain contributing time and charge for remittance time after rainfall starts under actual conditions be present, cause the rainfall of test simulation
Larger difference be present with actual conditions in runoff hydrograph；Only a few experimental rig is provided with charge for remittance plate (groove), but its area
Still value is to determine, and does not account for oozing factor under water catchment area, operability is limited.
In addition, existing experimental rig can not carry out multigroup experiment simultaneously mostly, for example study under same field catchment,
Different filter layer fillers, the influence of different catchment areas or different vegetation types to system comprehensive effectiveness, particularly study rainfall
In the experiment that intermittent phase influences on system comprehensive effectiveness, it is necessary to assure the rainfall intensity and rain time of two adjacent catchments
Same frequency so that biology to be tested is detained bucket (pond) and identical external condition is faced in the rainfall intermittent phase, and existing
The device difficulty that operates is larger.
Moreover the road surface both sides biology delaying basin in Practical Project is likely located at the both sides of water catchment area may also be located at charge for remittance
The centre position in area, biological delaying basin is different from the relative position of water catchment area, and the production of water catchment area feature of confluxing is also different, to system
Comprehensive effectiveness can also have an impact.Existing apparatus can not also simulate the comprehensive effectiveness of biological delaying basin under different features of confluxing.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome problem above existing for prior art, there is provided under the conditions of one kind simulation natural precipitation
The experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness, the present invention can be used for the synthesis of biological delaying basin under the conditions of simulation natural precipitation
Efficiency, quantitative analysis is carried out, provide foundation for the formulation of sponge urban construction scheme, and preparation cost is cheap, installation, dismounting side
Just, it is workable, wide application.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose and the technique effect, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation, including test bed, experiment bucket
Rest area and detecting and controlling system；
The test bed is double-deck bed surface structure, and the double-deck bed surface structure includes water permeating board and water collection sheet, described to catchment
Plate is arranged on below water permeating board, and the infiltration plate surface is additionally provided with some water seepage holes, and the periphery of the water permeating board is provided with outside
Baffle plate simultaneously cooperatively forms space of confluxing with outer baffle, and the experiment bucket rest area is arranged on the outside of outer baffle side, the remittance
It is provided with movable partition component in fluid space, the movable partition component space that will conflux is divided into water catchment area and catchment, institute
State and be provided with some remittances with opening and closing function on the first side block side that outer baffle is located between water catchment area and experiment bucket rest area
Discharge outlet is flowed, is additionally provided with down on the water collection sheet and oozes discharge outlet, oozed under described and lower seepage flow gauge is provided with discharge outlet；
Biological retardation assay bucket is provided with the experiment bucket rest area, the experiment bucket rest area above test bed with setting
Rain making component is equipped with, feed water flow gauge is provided with the rain making component；
The detecting and controlling system includes computer, rainfall controller, flow registering instrument, the feed water flow gauge, lower seepage flow
Gauge is connected with flow registering instrument.
Further, the infiltration plate surface even partition is some charge for remittance units, is provided with each charge for remittance unit
Water seepage hole, cork is provided with the water seepage hole.
Further, the outer baffle is located at the first side block and is respectively provided with the second side block of both sides and on the 3rd side block side
There are some osculums, the osculum is set close to the angle of adjacent charge for remittance unit, and cork is also equipped with the osculum.
Further, the movable partition component includes some tab-delimited posts and some separation plates, the positioning point
Four the first necks are evenly arranged with spacer post outer surface, first neck is set towards corresponding outer baffle inwall, institute
State and the second neck is additionally provided with the corresponding outer baffle inwall of the first neck, the separation plate is arranged on the first neck and the
Between two draw-in groove or between the first neck for being arranged between two neighboring tab-delimited post.
Further, it is provided with avoidance runner between the first neck bottom and the second neck bottom and water permeating board.
Further, the rain making component includes frame, spray equipment, aqueduct and supercharging device, the spray
Shower device is fixed in frame, and the rainfall controller in detecting and controlling system is connected with supercharging device, and supercharging device passes through water delivery
Pipeline is connected with spray equipment, and feed water flow gauge is provided with the aqueduct.
Further, the water permeating board is respectively provided with the support frame with water collection sheet, and the support frame bottom is provided with
Adjustable support leg.
Further, the biological retardation assay bucket, which is arranged on, slides on stroller, and the biological retardation assay bucket includes saturating
Bright staving, testing fill is provided with the transparent drum body, and testing fill surface kind has plant and seen provided with plant growth
Chi is examined, spout hole and apopore are provided with the side of the transparent drum side, the spout hole is connected with overflow pipe, the overflow pipe
On be provided with excess flow meter, the apopore is connected with outlet pipe, is provided with water flow meter on the outlet pipe, described to overflow
Stream flowmeter and water flow meter are connected with the flow registering instrument in detecting and controlling system.
Further, the transparent drum external surface is coated with black sponge.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, the present invention uses Mobile biological retardation assay bucket, and it is some can to prepare different fillers, different vegetation types etc.
Biological retardation assay bucket, corresponding biological retardation assay bucket is moved to by trial zone relevant position according to testing program during experiment, can
Strong operability, it is convenient, flexible.
2nd, water permeating board is divided into the adjustable water catchment area of area and catchment by movable partition component, after rainfall starts, is oozed
Production stream, situation of confluxing on water plate can carry out different water catchment area areas and biological delaying basin surface area ratio close to actual conditions
The experimental study of value, contrast influence of the different catchment areas to biological gaseous-waste holdup system comprehensive effectiveness；
3rd, water permeating board is provided with some water seepage holes to be opened/closed, and the runoff coefficient of test bed is adjusted by being opened and closed water seepage hole,
I.e. by the lower milliosmolarity for the quantity Control experiment bed for being opened and closed water seepage hole, the comprehensive of different type water catchment area biology delaying basin can be simulated
Efficiency is closed, determines the ratio of most suitable catchment area and biological delaying basin surface area；
4th, the present apparatus can meet multiple biological retardation assay buckets while be tested, and under same condition of raining, can keep away
Exempt from the influence of external condition brought because of the time difference, so between first rainfall terminates to next rainfall
Intermittent phase, the external condition that biological retardation assay bucket faces is just the same, and its interference to experiment also can be neglected；
5th, biological retardation assay bucket can be located at the position that any one discharge outlet of confluxing is corresponding in water catchment area, press close to reality
Border situation, the comprehensive effectiveness of system under different features of confluxing can be simulated, simple to operate, data are true and reliable.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
The embodiment of the present invention is shown in detail by following examples and its accompanying drawing.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in technology in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, in being described below to embodiment technology
The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some realities of the present invention
Example is applied, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the overlooking the structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the water permeating board of the present invention and plate structure schematic diagram of catchmenting；
Fig. 4 is the movable partition component structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of biology delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness experiment when present invention simulation is unidirectionally confluxed；
The structural representation of biology delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness experiment when Fig. 6 is present invention simulation bidirectional collection；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation that the present invention simulates identical catchment area, different biological retardation assay buckets while experiment.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that the present invention simulates different catchment areas, identical biological retardation assay bucket while experiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 4, a kind of experimental rig for simulating biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of natural precipitation,
Including test bed 111, experiment bucket rest area 5 and detecting and controlling system 112；Test bed is used to receive experiment rainwater and distinguish to conflux
Discharged to experiment bucket rest area, and by part rainwater in a manner of simulating down and oozing；It is stagnant that biology is provided with experiment bucket rest area
Experiment bucket 6 is stayed, to receive the rainwater for converging into experiment bucket rest area；Detecting and controlling system 112 effectively monitors each several part rainwater stream
Enter the data of outflow；
Wherein, bucket rest area is tested with being provided with rain making component 7 above test bed, and rain making component can be by rain
Water is uniformly down to experiment bucket rest area with test bed region, being provided with feed water flow gauge 8, record drop on rain making component
Rain total amount.
Above-mentioned test bed is double-deck bed surface structure, and double-deck bed surface structure includes water permeating board 1 and water collection sheet 10, and water collection sheet is set
Below water permeating board, infiltration plate surface is additionally provided with some water seepage holes 9, and the part rainwater that infiltration plate surface is accepted can pass through infiltration
Hole flows to water collection sheet, and wherein water collection sheet has water storage function, can set rib；The periphery of water permeating board is provided with outer baffle 2 simultaneously
Space of confluxing is cooperatively formed with outer baffle, rainwater can be oriented to convergence side by side to specified design position in space of confluxing；Experiment
Bucket rest area is arranged on the outside of outer baffle side, and movable partition component 3 is provided with space of confluxing, and movable partition component will converge
Fluid space is divided into water catchment area and catchment, and the rainwater of catchment is expelled directly out, and the rainwater of water catchment area is stand-by；Outer baffle position
Some discharge outlet 4 of confluxing with opening and closing function are provided with the first side block side between water catchment area and experiment bucket rest area,
Discharge outlet of confluxing is that the rainwater on test bed is discharged into the approach of biological retardation assay bucket；It is additionally provided with down on water collection sheet and oozes draining
Mouthfuls 11, under ooze lower seepage flow gauge 12 be provided with discharge outlet, the rainwater to be fallen by water seepage hole can be collected and measure, mould
Intend the situation that subsurface oozes；
Detecting and controlling system includes computer 113, rainfall controller 114, flow registering instrument, feed water flow gauge, lower seepage discharge
Meter is connected with flow registering instrument, and computer is used for the data for receiving flow registering instrument collection, is easy to use.In detecting and controlling system
Rainfall controller can effectively control rainfall intensity, rainfall duration and raindrop size etc..
Above-mentioned infiltration plate surface even partition is some charge for remittance units 13, passes through the setting of charge for remittance unit, movable partition
Component can be separated along it, can quickly determine that the area of water catchment area (determines the area of single charge for remittance unit after separation
Afterwards, it is only necessary to be multiplied by charge for remittance element number in water catchment area and can obtain the gross area), it is provided with water seepage hole on each charge for remittance unit
9, be provided with cork in water seepage hole, avoid herein current flow into water collection sheet, the water seepage hole for the plate surface that seeped water in experiment can be according to mould
Intend the type in plot and its comprehensive runoff coefficient is opened and closed quantity adjustment, water seepage hole in each charge for remittance unit must be ensured during adjustment
Opening and closing quantity it is consistent, wherein cork can partly protrude infiltration plate surface, and lobe portion can cause necessarily to hinder to the rainwater that confluxes
Hinder, when being confluxed with simulated roadway, the uneven obstruction effect formed to rainwater in road surface.
Above-mentioned outer baffle is located at the first side block and is provided with some rows in the second side block of both sides and on the 3rd side block side
Water hole 14, cork is also equipped with osculum, when osculum is in water catchment area side, then need cork beyond the Great Wall, prevent rainwater
Discharge, when in catchment side, cork is extracted, and the rainwater fallen can smoothly be discharged, osculum is close to adjacent charge for remittance
The angle of unit is set, and is located at the first side block side side, after being isolated by movable partition component, the draining in angle
Hole can be completely exhausted out rainwater, will not stockpile, and avoid quickly discharging in overflow to water catchment area, effectively reduce to water catchment area
Interference, and also effectively reduce to the pressure of water permeating board.
Above-mentioned movable partition component includes some tab-delimited posts 15 and some separation plates 16, tab-delimited outer surface of column
On be evenly arranged with four the first necks 17, the first neck is set towards corresponding outer baffle inwall, and the first neck is corresponding
Outer baffle inwall on be additionally provided with the second neck 171, separate plate and be arranged between the first neck and the second neck or set
Put between the first neck between two neighboring tab-delimited post.Wherein tab-delimited post is arranged on four adjacent exchange memos
Around the angle set, this position can be good at charge for remittance unit is evenly spaced member, be passed through needing adjacent charge for remittance unit
When logical, then be not provided with separating plate, when needing isolation, then between the first neck and the first neck between adjacent side or
Plugged between the neck of person first and the second neck and separate plate, separating the angle of plate bottom and water permeating board can use
Fluid sealant or adhesive tape carry out encapsulation process, prevent the rainwater of catchment from flowing into water catchment area so as to influence the accuracy of experiment.
Avoidance runner is provided between first neck bottom and the second neck bottom and water permeating board, in rainwater conflux from row
When water hole is discharged, avoidance runner can avoid the stop to rainwater, quickly flow away, avoid putting aside, to experimental rig build-up of pressure.
Said structure when in use, when the area for needing four charge for remittance units, then selects on the discharge outlet periphery of confluxing used
Four connected charge for remittance units are selected, are then inserted between corresponding the first neck and the second neck by separating plate and the
Between one neck, the first neck corresponding with adjacent positioned separation post, the effect of enclosing is formed.
When the area for needing five charge for remittance units, then the discharge outlet periphery of confluxing used selects five connected exchange memos
Member, is then inserted between corresponding the first neck and the second neck by separating plate and the first neck and adjacent positioned point
Between the first corresponding neck of spacer post, the effect of enclosing is formed；
In aforesaid operations, it is to be noted that need continuous charge for remittance unit to separate, the final charge for remittance unit energy after separation
Enough insertions, can arbitrarily be overlapped, operation is simple and reliable.
Rain making component includes frame 18, spray equipment 181, aqueduct 19 and supercharging device 20, and spray equipment is solid
It is scheduled in frame, the rainfall controller in detecting and controlling system is connected with supercharging device, and supercharging device passes through aqueduct and spray
Shower device is connected, and feed water flow gauge is provided with aqueduct.Rainwater in rainwater bucket is pumped to water-supply-pipe by supercharging device
Road, and be sprayed at by spray equipment in working region, the shower nozzle on spray equipment can be adjusted by rainfall controller, to reach
Test the rainfall intensity of setting；
Water permeating board is arranged in support frame 21 with water collection sheet, and support frame bottom is provided with adjustable support leg, Neng Goumo
The angle of inclination on ground when intending confluxing.
And biological retardation assay bucket is arranged on and slided on stroller 22, it is easy to testing crew to operate, biological retardation assay bucket bag
Transparent staving is included, testing fill is provided with transparent drum body, kind has plant and is provided with plant growth sight gauge on filler, is easy to remember
Plant growth situation is recorded, and the growing state of internal packing course situation and root system of plant can be observed by transparent staving, it is transparent
Spout hole 24 and apopore 25 are provided with staving side, spout hole is connected with overflow pipe, and excess flow is provided with overflow pipe
Meter, apopore are connected with outlet pipe, and water flow meter, excess flow meter and water flow meter are provided with outlet pipe and is controlled with detection
Flow registering instrument connection in system processed, can be gathered and summary information in real time.Transparent drum external surface is coated with black sponge,
Underground dark surrounds is simulated while convenient observe, reduces the interference of the conditions such as illumination.
Separately below the application method of the present apparatus is illustrated with the designed arrangement of four kinds of experiments：
(1) the arrangement citing of biology delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness experiment when simulation is unidirectionally confluxed：As shown in Fig. 5, biology
Retardation assay bucket position belongs to unidirectional charge for remittance, water permeating board is separated out water catchment area and draining by movable partition component in water catchment area side
Area, experiment catchment area and biological retardation assay bucket surface area ratio are 8: 1；It is soft on the drain plug of water catchment area side
Plug is closed, and the osculum positioned at catchment side is then fully open；With biological retardation assay bucket is corresponding confluxes
Discharge outlet is in open mode, and remaining discharge outlet of confluxing is turned off；The water seepage hole of infiltration plate surface is all turned on, with runoff simulation
The less road surface of coefficient.
(2) the arrangement citing of biology delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness experiment when simulating bidirectional collection：It is biological in Practical Project
Delaying basin is likely located at the optional position of water catchment area, and arrangement as shown in Figure 6 is biological retardation assay bucket position in water catchment area
Centre, it is two-way charge for remittance, experiment catchment area and biological retardation assay bucket surface area ratio are 10: 1；Infiltration plate surface is oozed
Water hole part is closed, and each the closing quantity of water seepage hole is consistent in charge for remittance unit, to simulate the runoff coefficient on actual road surface, behaviour
Make simply, to substantially increase test efficiency.
(3) the arrangement citing that identical catchment area, different biological retardation assay buckets are tested simultaneously：Using such as Fig. 7 institutes
The arrangement shown, experiment catchment area and biological retardation assay bucket surface area ratio are 4: 1, and the mode of confluxing is unidirectional
Charge for remittance, can simulate different retention pond type, different wire feedings or different vegetation types influences on delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness
Experimental study.Both sides base angle experiment bucket rest area is laid two biological retardation assay buckets and tested simultaneously, places a band
The biological retardation assay bucket of water conservation layer and a biological retardation assay bucket without water conservation layer carry out different type biology delaying basin
The contrast test of comprehensive effectiveness；The biological retardation assay bucket (with water conservation layer or without water conservation layer) of homogenous configuration is placed, is made respectively
Contrast test is carried out with different fillers；It can also place homogenous configuration, the biological retardation assay bucket of wire feeding of the same race, two
Bucket plants different plants respectively, carries out foliage filter screening experiment.Two biological retardation assay buckets are in addition to self-condition is different, outside
Boundary's condition is completely the same, and control works well, and while improving test efficiency, result of the test is also more accurate.
(4) the arrangement citing that different catchment areas, identical biological retardation assay bucket are tested simultaneously：Using such as Fig. 8 institutes
The arrangement shown can carry out different water catchment area areas simultaneously with biological retardation assay bucket surface area ratio to biological delaying basin
The experimental study that comprehensive effectiveness influences, ratio is respectively 4: 1 and 3: 1, and two biological retardation assay buckets are identical, can during experiment
Intuitively find out the difference on the hydrologic parameters such as flowing-out time, the overflow time of two biological retardation assay buckets, simulation effect is good,
Error is smaller, because being that experiment can ignore the interference of external condition simultaneously, improves test efficiency and precision.
After experiment arrangement is determined, effective hydrologic effect research, including following step are carried out using said apparatus
Suddenly：
1st, according to local Rain Intensity Formula Based, corresponding storm recurrence period and rainfall duration is selected, determines simulated rainfall
Rainfall intensity and quantum of rainfall；
2nd, rainfall area coverage is that the trial zone gross area is designated as A0, the water permeating board gross area is designated as A1, entered with movable partition component
The area of water catchment area after row isolation is designated as A2, the surface area of single biological retardation assay bucket is designated as A3；
3rd, biological retardation assay bucket to be tested is pushed into test at bucket rest area with slip stroller, opens corresponding remittance
Flow discharge outlet；
4th, the reading difference of feed water flow gauge under original state, water flow meter, excess flow meter, lower seepage flow gauge is recorded
It is recorded as Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4, rainfall starts；
5th, after rainfall terminates, record feed water flow gauge, water flow meter, excess flow meter, the reading Q of lower seepage flow gauge11、
Q22、Q33、Q44；
6th, total rainfall Q during whole experiment1'=(Q11-Q1), biological retardation assay bucket outflow Q2'=(Q22-
Q2), biological retardation assay bucket spillway discharge Q3'=(Q33-Q3), total lower milliosmolarity Q4'=(Q44-Q4)；
Rainfall Q corresponding to test bed region5'=Q1’×A1/A0, runoff coefficient ψ=(Q during whole experiment5’-
Q4’)/Q5’
Effective precipitation=water catchment area run-off+is directly entered rainfall=Q of biological retardation assay bucket1’× (A2/A0)
×ψ+Q1’×A3/A0, it is designated as Q6’；
Wherein flow registering instrument is connected with feed water flow gauge, water flow meter, excess flow meter, lower seepage flow gauge, collection
Wherein data, and rainfall can be read from flow registering instrument and go out the curve that stream changes over time, import in Microsoft Excel,
Flow delay time t can directly be read out according to curve1, flood peak time delay t2, runoff volume reduction rate=(Q6’-Q2’-
Q3’)/(Q6’-Q3') × 100% and flood peak reduction rate=(q1-q2)/q1, wherein q1It is the Peak Flow Rate in rainfall, q2
It is the Peak Flow Rate in out of flow procedure.
7th, when needing to study the infiltration coefficient of filter layer filler, three pressure-measuring pipes are installed on biological retardation assay bucket,
After stopping rainfall, the reading h of pressure-measuring pipe is recorded when surface level is down to dielectric surface 10cm or so in biology delay bucket1、h2、
h3And go out flow velocity q, osmotic coefficient k=qL/A of filter layer filler3H, wherein q be flow velocity, L is between adjacent pressure-measuring pipe
Away from, A3It is detained the surface area of bucket, h=[(h for biology1-h2) +(h2-h3)]/2。
Effective water quality research is carried out using said apparatus after experiment arrangement is determined：
, can be in rainwater bucket directly if the natural rainfall runoff collected in testing the water inlet used as rainwater bucket
Water intaking, water outlet are derived from biological retardation assay bucket delivery port, respectively the permanganate index of detection Inlet and outlet water, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia
The indexs such as nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, suspension, calculate clearance；If necessary to artificial distribution, then the index of correlation intake be, it is known that
Biological retardation assay bucket delivery port water intaking detection index of correlation, calculates clearance.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are enable to realize or using the present invention.
A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention
The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The most wide scope caused.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of simulation natural precipitation, it is characterised in that：Including experiment Bed, experiment bucket rest area and detecting and controlling system；The test bed is double-deck bed surface structure, and the double-deck bed surface structure includes water permeating board and water collection sheet, and the water collection sheet is set Put below water permeating board, the infiltration plate surface is additionally provided with some water seepage holes, and the periphery of the water permeating board is provided with outer baffle And space of confluxing is cooperatively formed with outer baffle, the experiment bucket rest area is arranged on the outside of outer baffle side, the sky that confluxes In be provided with movable partition component, the movable partition component space that will conflux is divided into water catchment area and catchment, described outer Baffle plate, which is located on the first side block side between water catchment area and experiment bucket rest area, is provided with some bus-bars with opening and closing function The mouth of a river, it is additionally provided with down on the water collection sheet and oozes discharge outlet, oozed under described and lower seepage flow gauge is provided with discharge outlet；Biological retardation assay bucket is provided with the experiment bucket rest area, the experiment bucket rest area above test bed with being provided with Rain making component, feed water flow gauge is provided with the rain making component；The detecting and controlling system includes computer, rainfall controller, flow registering instrument, the feed water flow gauge, lower seepage flow gauge It is connected with flow registering instrument.
- 2. the experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that：The infiltration plate surface even partition is some charge for remittance units, and water seepage hole is provided with each charge for remittance unit, Cork is provided with the water seepage hole.
- 3. the experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that：The outer baffle be located at the first side block be provided with the second side block of both sides and on the 3rd side block side it is some Osculum, the osculum are set close to the angle of adjacent charge for remittance unit, and cork is also equipped with the osculum.
- 4. the experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that：The movable partition component includes some tab-delimited posts and some separation plates, outside the tab-delimited post Four the first necks are evenly arranged with surface, first neck is set towards corresponding outer baffle inwall, and described first The second neck is additionally provided with the corresponding outer baffle inwall of neck, the separation plate is arranged on the first neck and the second neck Between or the first neck for being arranged between two neighboring tab-delimited post between.
- 5. the experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation according to claim 4, It is characterized in that：Avoidance runner is provided between the first neck bottom and the second neck bottom and water permeating board.
- 6. the experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that：The rain making component includes frame, spray equipment, aqueduct and supercharging device, the spray equipment Be fixed in frame, the rainfall controller in detecting and controlling system is connected with supercharging device, supercharging device by aqueduct with Spray equipment is connected, and feed water flow gauge is provided with the aqueduct.
- 7. the experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that：The water permeating board is respectively provided with the support frame with water collection sheet, and the support frame bottom is provided with adjustable supporting Pin.
- 8. the experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that：The biological retardation assay bucket, which is arranged on, to be slided on stroller, and the biological retardation assay bucket includes transparent staving, Testing fill is provided with the transparent drum body, testing fill surface kind has plant and provided with plant growth observation chi, institute State and spout hole and apopore are provided with the side of transparent drum side, the spout hole is connected with overflow pipe, is set on the overflow pipe There is excess flow meter, the apopore is connected with outlet pipe, and water flow meter, the excess flow are provided with the outlet pipe Meter and water flow meter are connected with the flow registering instrument in detecting and controlling system.
- 9. the experimental rig of biological delaying basin comprehensive effectiveness under the conditions of a kind of simulation natural precipitation according to claim 8, It is characterized in that：The transparent drum external surface is coated with black sponge.
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