CN104111205A - Digital multichannel acquisition instrument of plant moisture evaporation and soil leakage - Google Patents

Digital multichannel acquisition instrument of plant moisture evaporation and soil leakage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104111205A
CN104111205A CN201310134840.2A CN201310134840A CN104111205A CN 104111205 A CN104111205 A CN 104111205A CN 201310134840 A CN201310134840 A CN 201310134840A CN 104111205 A CN104111205 A CN 104111205A
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soil
runoff
bucket
weighing
container
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赵爱国
赵晶
冯起
李宏
肖建华
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Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
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Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute of CAS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种数字式多路植物水分蒸发土壤渗漏采集仪,其特征是盛土容器桶内填有原装土壤,桶的下部有沙石过滤层,盛土容器桶底有土壤水渗漏嘴与土壤水渗漏记录计连通,盛土容器桶上部土壤表面处有径流嘴,径流嘴通过出嘴连接径流管和径流记录计;盛土容器桶底部放置称重传感器,称重传感器由传感器支撑装置支撑,置放在称重地下室内;主机数据存储器通过信号线连接称重传感器经过称重变送器和高精度供桥装置供电,多路数据采集存储装置与定时控制电路连接,小气候数据采集连接到主机数据存储器。本发明采用单扳机电路数据处理迅速具有一定先进性,对于改进沙区水分科研中的测试手段是必不可少的一种仪器。

The invention relates to a digital multi-channel plant water evaporation soil leakage collector, which is characterized in that the soil container bucket is filled with original soil, the bottom of the bucket has a sand filter layer, and the bottom of the soil container bucket has a soil water leakage nozzle and The soil water seepage recorder is connected, and there is a runoff nozzle on the upper soil surface of the soil container bucket, and the runoff nozzle is connected to the runoff pipe and the runoff recorder through the outlet; a load cell is placed at the bottom of the soil container bucket, and the load cell is supported by the sensor support device. Placed in the weighing basement; the data memory of the host is connected to the load cell through the signal line, and the power is supplied by the weighing transmitter and the high-precision bridge supply device. The multi-channel data acquisition storage device is connected to the timing control circuit, and the microclimate data acquisition is connected to the host. data storage. The invention adopts single-trigger circuit to process data quickly and has a certain advanced nature, and is an indispensable instrument for improving the testing means in the scientific research of moisture in sandy areas.

Description

Ditital multichannel plant moisture evaporation soil percolation Acquisition Instrument
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for measuring the electronic device of plant moisture evaporation, soil percolation.
Background technology
In arid and semi-arid lands's water resources rational exploitation process, how rationally utilizing limited water resource to make biological primary productivity obtain high yield is an important research contents.Need to measure various plant evaporation water consumptions and the Changing Pattern within breeding time thereof for this reason.Also need to determine the water use coefficient (being the required water yield of production unit dry) of each Plants simultaneously.These are for formulating irrigation program, rationally control the rational exploitation model that irrigation norm and foundation maintains the ecologic equilibrium and have very important practice significance.The reversionmethods of China's desertification land is also with the reasonable utilization of water resource with set up that to take plant be that main protection system is as main in addition.Yet the stability of protection system depends on local moisture content situation to a great extent.And this moisture content situation is relevant with local climate condition and vegetation state.This is to be dealt in atmosphere because plant constantly consumes aqueous dispersion in growing process.Therefore the instrument of measuring plant fertility water consumption is one of indispensable means for arid and semi-arid area Water Cycle research.This sampling instrument is generally referred to as evapotranspirometer (Lysimeter).
China is one and is subject to desertification to corrode more serious country.Whole nation desertification land has reached 3,580,000 square kilometres, accounts for 37% of national land area, and desertification land is still with the speed increment of 2100 square kilometres/meter.In order to effect a radical cure desertification, must study mensuration plant evaporation water consumption, the relation of the evaporation of monitoring plant moisture, Soil percolation and environment.In scientific experiment activity, at present, plant moisture evaporation, Soil percolation with the unit interval, claim soil, rate of evaporation, and (in millimeter/day), the method for measuring plant evaporation water consumption has following several:
1) the simplest method is that plant leaf is cut from main body, utilizes weighing scale to test twisting force to weigh not the weight change of branches and leaves in the same time.This method, because branches and leaves leave main body, is difficult to obtain true transpiration water consumption in plant growing process;
2) utilize the evaporation principle relevant with atmosphere sun power that underlying surface absorbs conventionally, by radiation heat balancing a survey crop groups overhead evapotranspiration rate.Thereby calculate the clean water consumption of crop.This observation procedure has certain area requirements for the scene of being observed, and error is larger, is difficult to carry out the interim Continuous Observation of crop growth;
3) utilize float-type evapotranspirometer, this equipment cannot observe in the winter time and also equipment manufacturing cost high, in former studies work, once with weighbridge and the research of wide range balance, measured the water consumption of potted plant, because weighbridge precision is low, differentiate rate variance, although and balance precision is high still, the little cost of range is high, all fails to draw the accurate data of plant transpiration.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, from reducing instrument experiment error, improve measuring accuracy, object of the present invention is intended to overcome the defect of Weighing type prior art, and a kind of Ditital multichannel plant moisture evaporation soil percolation Acquisition Instrument is provided .the present invention in container, utilizes electronic scale to measure not the transpiration water consumption that the weight change of a plurality of containers in the same time can obtain crop plant cultivating.
Object of the present invention can realize by following measures:
A kind of Ditital multichannel plant moisture evaporation soil percolation Acquisition Instrument; mainly by container protection cylinder, soil container bucket, LOAD CELLS, weight transmitter, formed; in soil container bucket, be filled with original-pack soil, sandstone filtering layer is arranged at the bottom of bucket, is seated in container protection cylinder.At the bottom of soil container bucket, have holard seepage mouth to be communicated with holard seepage recording gauge, there is footpath stem bar at soil surface place, soil container bucket top, and footpath stem bar connects runoff pipe and runoff recording gauge by going out mouth; Soil container bottom of the barrel is placed LOAD CELLS, and LOAD CELLS is supported by sensor support device, is seated in the basement of weighing; Host data storer connects LOAD CELLS through weight transmitter by signal wire, by electric power supply control system, solar panels, lithium electrical storage cell, to high precision, for Biodge device, is powered; Multi-channel data acquisition memory storage is connected with timing control circuit; Microclimate data acquisition is by air velocity transducer, wind direction sensing, aerial temperature and humidity sensor, rain gage bucket, soil temperature sensor and is configured to, be connected to host data storer, solar panels connect electric power supply control system to the charging of lithium electrical storage cell, and lithium electrical storage cell is powered for Biodge device multi-channel data acquisition memory storage timing control circuit to high precision.
The beneficial effect of advantage of the present invention and generation is:
1, multi-channel data acquisition memory storage has 16 passages, and 48 LOAD CELLS select precision resister strain weighing transducer more suitable.Because three errors of this sensor can be no more than 5/10000ths, stability is superior than other sensors.Carry out the storage of multichannel plant evaporation soil water leakage timing acquiring, provide accurately and Real-time Monitoring Data, can measure the Changing Pattern of crop transpiration water consumption in diel.For tested plant evaporation amount and soil moisture provide scientific basis to the validity of plant.
2, the present invention adopts drum container, and the in-built original-pack soil of container, has seepage mouth at the bottom of drum, and soil percolation seepage, to the interior record of lysimeter, has footpath stem bar with soil level place in container, goes out mouth and connects runoff pipe in runoff register; Container bottom is supported by three LOAD CELLS, when plant moisture transpiration, soil water leakage, rainfall, collects easily different components.Thereby the data that record and plant transpiration, soil water leakage and rainfall data are set up correlationship.
3, the present invention is based on from plant moisture experimental study, the rule of research plant transpiration, the relation of soil water leakage and meteorological element wind speed, wind direction, aerial temperature and humidity and rainfall, by above test, the data of herborization transpiration, foundation is applicable to the pattern of NORTHWEST CHINA plant transpiration and soil water leakage, has developed the instrument of a set of Ditital multichannel monitoring plant moisture evaporation soil percolation.
4, for measuring, plant moisture evaporates, soil percolation Acquisition Instrument changes and carries out METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION the plant transpiration of container, holard seepage and outdoor microclimate in the present invention, to instructing the reasonable use of water of crops, plant and herbage, the characteristics of motion for moisture in research atmosphere---plant----soil system, formulate irrigation method reasonable, science, using water wisely, promotes crops, plant and herbage growth all will produce positive role.Can meet the requirement that moisture research institute surveys data, can distinguish the diurnal variation of Plant Water Consumption amount, can measure simultaneously in typical case's date time consume Changing Pattern and complete multichannel automatic detecting task.Owing to adopting single trigger circuit data to process, there is rapidly certain advance, for the means of testing improving in the moisture scientific research of husky district, can have a positive effect.
5, the present invention is simple in structure, easy to use, and measuring accuracy is high.Application prospect is extensive.Not only being beneficial to the research of scientific research department, and being applicable to the departments such as observatory's (station), farm, forest farm, is the requisite a kind of instrument of observation plant transpiration.In addition owing to having substantial connection between itself and soil, fertilizer, meteorological element, so it is more accurate to utilize the present invention to set up the numerical value that model observes, uses well research work and gather.For production practices service.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Ditital multichannel plant moisture evaporation soil percolation Acquisition Instrument, by container protection cylinder 1, soil container bucket 2, LOAD CELLS 3, holard seepage mouth 4, holard seepage recording gauge 5, sensor support device 6, weight transmitter 7, water [proof 8, footpath stem bar 9, runoff pipe 10, runoff recording gauge 11, the basement 12 of weighing, original-pack soil 13, filtering layer 14, host data storer 15, electric power supply control system 16, solar panels 17, lithium electrical storage cell 18, high precision is for Biodge device 19, multi-channel data acquisition memory storage 20, timing control circuit 21, air velocity transducer 22, wind direction sensing 23, aerial temperature and humidity sensor 24, rain gage bucket 25, soil temperature sensor 26, support 27 forms.Soil container bucket 2 specifications: diameter * dark (¢ 1.13 m * 1.5m).Adopt the thick Plate Welding of 5mm to form, and adopt 5 * 5mm angle bar to reinforce, the sandstone moisture filter layer of 100 millimeters thick is arranged at the in-built soil of plant weighing container bottom, is seated in container protection cylinder 1.In inner core bottom, having in addition holard seepage mouth 4 is that zinc-plated floral tube outsourcing polyamide fibre net by diameter 1 inch is welded on interior tube end plate, and Open Side Down and have a faucet coupled, and effect is the deep percolation water of getting rid of in inner core.Inside and outside wall rust cleaning and employing rust protection paint are processed.Container protection cylinder 1 protection bucket is greater than containers size: minimum gap is controlled at 25-30mm.Protection barrel adopts the thick Plate Welding of 5mm to form, and adopts 5 * 5mm angle bar to reinforce, and inside and outside wall rust cleaning and employing rust protection paint are processed.Basement 12 basement bottom boards of weighing adopt reinforced concrete structures, sidewall to adopt 24 thick bricks to be added with in concrete outer wrapping separately to add waterproof layer material and process.The sensor support device 6 fixedly bearing of LOAD CELLS adopts reinforced concrete structure, and pressure transducer top movable bearing adopts the mode that is welded on bottom of the barrel.LOAD CELLS 3 LOAD CELLS select maximum range to be 1000kg, precision is 2/10000ths, and every appearance of a street device supports by 3 LOAD CELLS.The object of selecting 3 LOAD CELLS is in order to improve container stability.Host data storer 15 connects LOAD CELLS 3 by signal wire and supplies Biodge device 19 through weight transmitter 7 and high precision, and electric power supply control system 16 solar panels 17, lithium electrical storage cell 18 power supply high precision are for Biodge device 19.Multi-channel data acquisition memory storage 20 is connected with timing control circuit 21, and, soil water leakage rising to plant moisture carries out multicircuit time collection; Microclimate data acquisition is to consist of air velocity transducer 22, wind direction sensing 23, aerial temperature and humidity sensor 24, rain gage bucket 25, soil temperature sensor 26 and support 27, be connected to host data storer 15, solar panels 17 connect electric power supply control system 16 to 18 chargings of lithium electrical storage cell, and lithium electrical storage cell is powered for Biodge device 19 multi-channel data acquisition memory storages 20, timing control circuit 21 to high precision.
Plant in container, soil water evaporation amount are placed to stand like the legs of a tripod by the circle that decentering radius is 500mm below its bottom of the barrel three radial LOAD CELLS 3 are installed, between sensor and base, with plane pressure-bearing pad, coordinate, can effectively prevent the error that transverse force and thermal expansion force cause.Resistance strain gage in pressure-bearing radial LOAD CELLS is connected into Wheatstone bridge through the compensation of various necessity, and this electric bridge is provided with stable DC voltage, can obtain the voltage signal being directly proportional to container weight from electric bridge output terminal.With high precision arch bridge device, to sensor, power, by multi-channel data acquisition memory storage, the signal voltage value that evaporation changes detected, signal value can be obtained to receptacle divided by voltage-power value sensitivity coefficient of sensor.The general assembly (TW) of container and plant is weighed up.The weight difference in the same time moisture evapotranspiration in being during this period of time not.Acquisition Instrument is also to wind direction simultaneously, air speed value, aerial temperature and humidity and rainfall carry out synchronous acquisition storage field microclimate value, acquisition time is fixed on substantially synchronizes with meteorological observation 8 of 8 a.m. and evenings, and this method is accurate and visual, and can realize Continuous Observation is classical evaporation observation procedure.This evapotranspirometer can be measured the Changing Pattern of crop transpiration water consumption in diel.General is all that ground is exposed or plant the soil container that has plant, utilizes its to measure in soil container and comes the water yield and water discharge in the given period, determines each project in water balance equation.Its Representation Equation is as follows: (1-1), in formula, carry out the water yield: --annual precipitation (mm), --irrigation quantity (mm), water discharge: --evapotranspiration (mm), --the leakage (mm) of deep soil, --the variable quantity (mm) of soil moisture content, --rainwash, the water yield (mm) of inflow or outflow lysimeter.
While manufacturing and designing lysimeter, soil container edge is all above the ground level, and to prevent the level exchange of surface water, because generally very little at plains region rainwash, the exchange of holard level is few, therefore =0.Like this, equation can be rewritten as: (1-2), here with be easy to directly calculate with volumetric standard, can measure with automatic tilting bucket rain, can be with directly weighing and record.Like this, can obtain easily .When there is no precipitation or irrigation and seepage, directly weighing obtains be .In this sense, by direct measurement and obtain , think direct weighing measurement .Through Acquisition Instrument being demarcated with national fourth class standard test weight.

Claims (1)

1.一种数字式多路植物水分蒸发土壤渗漏采集仪,主要是由容器保护筒(1)、盛土容器桶(2)、称重传感器(3)、称重变送器(7)组成,盛土容器桶(2)内填有原装土壤(13),桶的下部有沙石过滤层(14),置放容器保护筒(1)内;盛土容器桶底有土壤水渗漏嘴(4)与土壤水渗漏记录计(5)连通,盛土容器桶(2)上部土壤表面处有径流嘴(9),径流嘴(9)通过出嘴连接径流管(10)和径流记录计(11);盛土容器桶(2)底部放置称重传感器(3),称重传感器(3)由传感器支撑装置(6)支撑,置放在称重地下室(12)内;主机数据存储器(15)通过信号线连接称重传感器(3)经过称重变送器(7),由供电控制系统(16)、太阳能板(17)、锂电蓄电池(18)向高精度供桥装置(19)供电,多路数据采集存储装置(20)与定时控制电路(21)连接,小气候数据采集是由风速传感器(22)、风向传感(23)、空气温湿度传感器(24)、雨量筒(25)、土壤温度传感器(26)和支架(27)构成,连接到主机数据存储器(15);太阳能板(17)连接供电控制系统(16)给锂电蓄电池(18)充电,锂电蓄电池向高精度供桥装置(19)多路数据采集存储装置(20)定时控制电路(21)供电。 1. A digital multi-channel plant moisture evaporation soil leakage collector, mainly composed of a container protection cylinder (1), a soil container barrel (2), a weighing sensor (3), and a weighing transmitter (7) , the soil container bucket (2) is filled with original soil (13), and the bottom of the bucket has a sand filter layer (14), which is placed in the container protection tube (1); there is a soil water leakage nozzle (4) at the bottom of the soil container bucket ) is connected with the soil water seepage recorder (5), and there is a runoff nozzle (9) on the upper soil surface of the soil container bucket (2), and the runoff nozzle (9) is connected to the runoff pipe (10) and the runoff recorder (11) through the outlet ); the load cell (3) is placed at the bottom of the soil container barrel (2), and the load cell (3) is supported by the sensor support device (6) and placed in the weighing basement (12); the host data storage (15) passes The signal line is connected to the weighing sensor (3) and passes through the weighing transmitter (7), and the power supply control system (16), solar panel (17) and lithium battery (18) supply power to the high-precision bridge supply device (19). Road data acquisition storage device (20) is connected with timing control circuit (21), microclimate data acquisition is made up of wind speed sensor (22), wind direction sensor (23), air temperature and humidity sensor (24), rain gauge cylinder (25), soil The temperature sensor (26) and the bracket (27) are connected to the host data memory (15); the solar panel (17) is connected to the power supply control system (16) to charge the lithium battery (18), and the lithium battery supplies the high-precision bridge device ( 19) The timing control circuit (21) of the multi-channel data acquisition and storage device (20) supplies power.
CN201310134840.2A 2013-04-16 2013-04-16 Digital multichannel acquisition instrument of plant moisture evaporation and soil leakage Pending CN104111205A (en)

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CN104677772A (en) * 2015-01-20 2015-06-03 白城市林业科学研究院 Batch automatic measuring system and method for plant water physiological indexes using weighing method
CN104807735A (en) * 2015-04-23 2015-07-29 北京市园林科学研究院 Soil leachate drainage metering device
CN105158110A (en) * 2015-09-07 2015-12-16 河海大学 Small size lysimeter suitable for different groundwater depths
CN105242025A (en) * 2015-10-14 2016-01-13 河海大学 Test device for vadose zone water flow movement under different buried depths
CN107345888A (en) * 2017-09-12 2017-11-14 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 The experimental rig of biological delaying basin moisture evaporation under a kind of simulation DIFFERENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS
CN107389497A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-24 中铁十六局集团置业投资有限公司 A kind of apparatus and method for determining pervious concrete pavement evaporation rate
CN108401728A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-08-17 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 A kind of intelligent control barrel plant system
CN109425710A (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-05 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 A kind of experimental provision and its method of water transform monitoring
CN109781958A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-05-21 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 An undisturbed soil temperature control device for measuring plant growth transpiration
CN110411549A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-05 宁夏回族自治区水利科学研究院 A multi-channel crop evaporation remote collection system
CN111624053A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-09-04 安徽理工大学 Automatic catchment surface runoff sampler
CN112326352A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-02-05 南开大学 An automatic sampling device for ground rainwater runoff
CN112697638A (en) * 2021-01-11 2021-04-23 贵州省林业科学研究院 Automatic continuous dynamic measurement system and method for in-situ shrub transpiration amount
CN112858641A (en) * 2021-03-10 2021-05-28 山东省泰安农业气象试验站 Soil evaporation and infiltration system
CN113701863A (en) * 2021-09-26 2021-11-26 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 Condensate water measuring device and real-time monitoring system
CN114442199A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-05-06 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 Measuring system and measuring method for measuring effective coefficient of farmland rainfall

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104677772A (en) * 2015-01-20 2015-06-03 白城市林业科学研究院 Batch automatic measuring system and method for plant water physiological indexes using weighing method
CN104807735A (en) * 2015-04-23 2015-07-29 北京市园林科学研究院 Soil leachate drainage metering device
CN105158110A (en) * 2015-09-07 2015-12-16 河海大学 Small size lysimeter suitable for different groundwater depths
CN105242025A (en) * 2015-10-14 2016-01-13 河海大学 Test device for vadose zone water flow movement under different buried depths
CN107389497A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-24 中铁十六局集团置业投资有限公司 A kind of apparatus and method for determining pervious concrete pavement evaporation rate
CN109425710A (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-05 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 A kind of experimental provision and its method of water transform monitoring
CN107345888A (en) * 2017-09-12 2017-11-14 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 The experimental rig of biological delaying basin moisture evaporation under a kind of simulation DIFFERENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS
CN108401728A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-08-17 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 A kind of intelligent control barrel plant system
CN109781958A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-05-21 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 An undisturbed soil temperature control device for measuring plant growth transpiration
CN110411549A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-05 宁夏回族自治区水利科学研究院 A multi-channel crop evaporation remote collection system
CN111624053A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-09-04 安徽理工大学 Automatic catchment surface runoff sampler
CN112326352A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-02-05 南开大学 An automatic sampling device for ground rainwater runoff
CN112697638A (en) * 2021-01-11 2021-04-23 贵州省林业科学研究院 Automatic continuous dynamic measurement system and method for in-situ shrub transpiration amount
CN112858641A (en) * 2021-03-10 2021-05-28 山东省泰安农业气象试验站 Soil evaporation and infiltration system
CN113701863A (en) * 2021-09-26 2021-11-26 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 Condensate water measuring device and real-time monitoring system
CN114442199A (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-05-06 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 Measuring system and measuring method for measuring effective coefficient of farmland rainfall

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Application publication date: 20141022