CN103018422A - Device and method for measuring herbage rainfall interception quantity - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring herbage rainfall interception quantity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103018422A CN103018422A CN2012105063012A CN201210506301A CN103018422A CN 103018422 A CN103018422 A CN 103018422A CN 2012105063012 A CN2012105063012 A CN 2012105063012A CN 201210506301 A CN201210506301 A CN 201210506301A CN 103018422 A CN103018422 A CN 103018422A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methylfuran Natural products CC1=CC=CO1 VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring herbage rainfall interception quantity. The device for measuring the herbage rainfall interception quantity comprises a thin wall bucket (1) with upper and lower openings, a thin wall bucket base (2) and a rain collecting groove (5), wherein the thin wall bucket base (2) is provided with a clamping groove which is matched with the lower edge of the thin wall bucket (1); the bottom of the thin wall bucket base (2) is provided with multiple through holes, and the rain collecting groove (5) is of a funnel structure with upper and lower openings; and the thin wall bucket (1) is placed on the thin wall bucket base (2), and the thin wall bucket base (2) is placed on the rain collecting groove (5). The device and the method provided by the invention are suitable for long-term field observation of a natural rainfall entrapping process of a natural state herbaceous layer, the original state of the herbaceous layer is not destroyed, the rainfall entrapping process of the herbaceous layer under a natural rainfall state is convenient to measure and record.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the forest ecology field, relate in particular to and a kind ofly be applicable to open-air long-term observation state of nature herbaceous layer to the apparatus and method of the measurement draft rainfall interception amount of the Interception process of natural precipitation.
Background technology
The draft rainfall interception is an indispensable link of the forest ecology hydrology, herbaceous layer participates in the matter and energy circulation of forest ecosystem, and the research of forest ecosystem herbaceous layer rainfall interception is had great importance for the hydrologic process of illustrating forest ecosystem and Characteristics and Water Conservation Function.Research to Forest Evolution System herbaceous layer interception capacity in the prior art mainly contains two kinds of methods: be rotated in after (1) cuts draft and carry out artificial simulated rainfall measuring and calculating draft interception on the entanglement, this method has been destroyed the primary situation of draft, be not suitable for long sequence observation, can't measure entrapment characteristics and the Interception process of herbaceous layer under the natural precipitation condition simultaneously yet; (2) utilize the degreasing absorbent cotton to draw residual rainfall on the herbosa blade behind the rain, utilize electronic balance weighing front and back weight change, there is larger manual operation error in this method, and the precision of electronic balance is also seriously restricting the accuracy of testing data simultaneously.Above-mentioned two kinds of test methods all exist certain defective, therefore, be necessary to develop a kind of field observation device, neither destroy the herbaceous layer primordial condition, can be convenient for measuring and record again the rainfall interception process of herbaceous layer under the natural precipitation state, the more accurate moisture of studying all sidedly discloses the Water Transport mechanism of this Hydrological Functions layer at transmission and the movement law of herbaceous layer.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides and a kind ofly is applicable to open-air long-term observation state of nature herbaceous layer to the apparatus and method of the Interception process of natural precipitation.
(2) technical scheme
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount of the present invention comprises Thin-wall Barrel 1, Thin-wall Barrel base 2 and the rain-harvesting trough 5 of upper and lower opening; Described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 has the draw-in groove adaptive with described Thin-wall Barrel 1 lower limb; The bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 has a plurality of through holes, and described rain-harvesting trough 5 is the funnel structure of upper and lower opening, and described Thin-wall Barrel 1 places on the described Thin-wall Barrel base 2, and described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 places on the described rain-harvesting trough 5.
Preferably, described Thin-wall Barrel 1 is cylindrical.
Preferably, described Thin-wall Barrel 1 is metal material.
Preferably, described Thin-wall Barrel 1 lower limb is worn into the edge of a knife.
Preferably, be covered with the first filter screen 3 on the bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base 2.
Preferably, the bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 is fixed with three or three above legs 4.
Preferably, described rain-harvesting trough 5 is the truncated cone-shaped funnel structure, and the upper shed of described rain-harvesting trough 5 extends upward the formation cylinder vertically, and the under shed of described rain-harvesting trough laterally is provided with the second filter screen, and the under shed of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is connected with water-supply-pipe.
Preferably, described rain-harvesting trough bottom is provided with three or three above travel(l)ing rests 6, and described travel(l)ing rest 6 one ends are provided with external thread, by screwing with the nut that is fixed in rain-harvesting trough 5 bottoms and being connected with described rain-harvesting trough 5.
Preferably, described Thin-wall Barrel 1 external diameter is 30cm, and height is 10cm; Described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 internal diameters are 30cm, and height is 1cm; Leg 4 length are 10cm; The upper shed internal diameter of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is 35cm, and the under shed internal diameter of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is 2cm, and the truncated cone-shaped funnel structure height of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is 3cm.
Adopt the device of described measurement draft rainfall interception amount to measure the method for draft rainfall interception amount, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1. select a meadow in sylvan life, Thin-wall Barrel 1 is positioned over the litter top layer, with hammer Thin-wall Barrel 1 is pounded into soil horizon, stop when concordant with the soil horizon surface to Thin-wall Barrel 1 upper surface;
S2. with spades Thin-wall Barrel 1 is taken out and be positioned on the Thin-wall Barrel base 2;
S3. rain-harvesting trough 5 and 6 of travel(l)ing rests are connected rain-harvesting trough 5 and travel(l)ing rest 6 on the place that herbaceous layer takes out, and regulate travel(l)ing rest 6 according to the gradient on meadow, make draft keep state of nature;
S4. water-supply-pipe is connected with rain gage, draft rainfall interception amount is measured.
(3) beneficial effect
The device and method that the present invention adopts technique scheme to provide, be applicable to open-air long-term observation state of nature herbaceous layer to the Interception process of natural precipitation, neither destroy the herbaceous layer primordial condition, can be convenient for measuring and record again the rainfall interception process of herbaceous layer under the natural precipitation state, the more accurate moisture of studying all sidedly discloses the Water Transport mechanism of this Hydrological Functions layer at transmission and the movement law of herbaceous layer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the Thin-wall Barrel understructure figure of the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1: Thin-wall Barrel; 2: the Thin-wall Barrel base; 3: the first filter screens; 4: leg; 5: rain-harvesting trough; 6: travel(l)ing rest.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the device that the present invention measures draft rainfall interception amount is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In description of the invention, need to prove, term " " center "; " vertically "; " laterally "; " on "; D score; " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", orientation or the position relationship of indications such as " outward " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only be for convenience of description the present invention and simplified characterization, rather than device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " only are used for describing purpose, and can not be interpreted as indication or hint relative importance.
In description of the invention, need to prove, unless clear and definite regulation and restriction are arranged in addition, term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection " should be done broad understanding, for example, can be to be fixedly connected with, and also can be to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be to be electrically connected; Can be directly to link to each other, also can indirectly link to each other by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can concrete condition understand above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In addition, in description of the invention, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " a plurality of " is two or more.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount of the present invention comprises Thin-wall Barrel 1, Thin-wall Barrel base 2 and the rain-harvesting trough 5 of upper and lower opening; Described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 has the draw-in groove adaptive with described Thin-wall Barrel 1 lower limb; The bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 has a plurality of through holes, and described rain-harvesting trough 5 is the funnel structure of upper and lower opening, and described Thin-wall Barrel 1 places on the described Thin-wall Barrel base 2, and described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 places on the described rain-harvesting trough 5.
Described Thin-wall Barrel 1 is cylindrical.
Described Thin-wall Barrel 1 is metal material.Preferably, described metal material is steel.
Described Thin-wall Barrel 1 one end margins are worn into cutting edge.
The bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 has 3 through holes, is covered with the first filter screen 3 on the bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base 2.Described the first filter screen 3 can prevent that soil enters rain-harvesting trough 5 and makes the rain-harvesting trough blockage phenomenon in the Thin-wall Barrel 1.Preferably, described the first filter screen 3 is Steel net.
Preferably, the bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 is fixed with three legs 4.
Described rain-harvesting trough 5 is the truncated cone-shaped funnel structure, and the upper shed of described rain-harvesting trough 5 extends upward the formation cylinder vertically, and the under shed end face of described rain-harvesting trough is provided with the second filter screen, and the under shed of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is connected with water-supply-pipe.Described the second filter screen is that anti-antipriming pipe stops up.
Described rain-harvesting trough bottom is provided with three travel(l)ing rests 6, and described travel(l)ing rest 6 one ends are provided with external thread, by screwing with the nut that is fixed in the rain-harvesting trough bottom and being connected with described rain-harvesting trough 5.Described nut-welding is in the bottom of described rain-harvesting trough.Described travel(l)ing rest height can pass through threaded adjusting, the gradient with the herbaceous layer that adapts to different gradient, keep the state of nature of herbaceous layer, make measurement result more true and reliable, be conducive to the researchist to the research and analysis of carrying out of the rainfall interception process of different geographical herbaceous layer.
Preferably, described Thin-wall Barrel 1 external diameter is Φ 30cm, height is 10cm, described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 internal diameters are Φ 30cm, height is 1cm, and leg 4 length are 3cm, and the upper shed internal diameter of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is Φ 35cm, the under shed internal diameter of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is Φ 2cm, and the truncated cone-shaped funnel structure height of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is 3cm.Described travel(l)ing rest 6 length are 30cm, and the upper shed of described rain-harvesting trough 5 extends upward vertically 10cm and forms cylinder.
Adopt the device of described measurement draft rainfall interception amount to measure the method for draft rainfall interception amount, may further comprise the steps:
S1. select a meadow in sylvan life, Thin-wall Barrel 1 is positioned over the litter top layer, with hammer Thin-wall Barrel 1 is pounded into soil horizon, stop when concordant with the soil horizon surface to Thin-wall Barrel 1 upper surface;
S2. with spades Thin-wall Barrel 1 is taken out and be positioned on the Thin-wall Barrel base 2;
S3. rain-harvesting trough 5 and 6 of travel(l)ing rests are connected rain-harvesting trough 5 and travel(l)ing rest 6 on the place that herbaceous layer takes out, and regulate travel(l)ing rest according to the gradient on meadow, make draft keep state of nature;
S4. water-supply-pipe is connected with rain gage, draft rainfall interception amount is measured.
Preferably, described rainfall is counted pluviograph, can automatically record draft rainfall interception amount, makes things convenient for the researchist to the research of draft rainfall interception amount, also makes the measurement of draft rainfall interception amount more accurate.
After the complete draft rainfall interception amount to be measured, the herbaceous layer soil sample in the Thin-wall Barrel 1 is put back to the herbaceous layer sample position again, avoid destroying the herbaceous layer primordial condition.The device and method that adopts above-described embodiment to provide, be applicable to open-air long-term observation state of nature herbaceous layer to the Interception process of natural precipitation, neither destroy the herbaceous layer primordial condition, can be convenient for measuring and record again the rainfall interception process of herbaceous layer under the natural precipitation state.
Difference from Example 1 is that described Thin-wall Barrel 1 is square tube, and described rain-harvesting trough 5 is positive terrace with edge shape funnel structure.
Described Thin-wall Barrel 1 external diameter is 30cm * 30cm, height is 10cm, described Thin-wall Barrel base 2 internal diameters are 30cm * 30cm, height is 1cm, leg 4 length are 3cm, and the upper shed internal diameter of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is 35cm * 35cm, the under shed internal diameter of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is 2cm * 2cm, and the positive terrace with edge shape funnel structure height of described rain-harvesting trough 5 is 3cm.Described travel(l)ing rest 6 length are 30cm, and the upper shed of described rain-harvesting trough 5 extends upward vertically 10cm and forms square tube.
Above embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention, and be not limitation of the present invention, the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field is not in the situation that break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make a variety of changes and modification, so all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a device of measuring draft rainfall interception amount is characterized in that, the device of this measurement draft rainfall interception amount comprises the Thin-wall Barrel (1) of upper and lower opening, Thin-wall Barrel base (2) and rain-harvesting trough (5); Described Thin-wall Barrel base (2) has the draw-in groove adaptive with described Thin-wall Barrel (1) lower limb; The bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base (2) has a plurality of through holes, and described rain-harvesting trough (5) is the funnel structure of upper and lower opening, and described Thin-wall Barrel (1) places on the described Thin-wall Barrel base (2), and described Thin-wall Barrel base (2) places on the described rain-harvesting trough (5).
2. the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described Thin-wall Barrel (1) is cylindrical.
3. the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described Thin-wall Barrel (1) is metal material.
4. the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described Thin-wall Barrel (1) lower limb is worn into the edge of a knife.
5. the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is covered with the first filter screen (3) on the bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base (2).
6. the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the bottom of described Thin-wall Barrel base (2) is fixed with three or three above legs (4).
7. the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described rain-harvesting trough (5) is the truncated cone-shaped funnel structure, the upper shed of described rain-harvesting trough (5) extends upward the formation cylinder vertically, the under shed of described rain-harvesting trough laterally is provided with the second filter screen, and the under shed of described rain-harvesting trough (5) is connected with water-supply-pipe.
8. the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described rain-harvesting trough bottom is provided with three or three above travel(l)ing rests (6), described travel(l)ing rest (6) one ends are provided with external thread, by screwing with the nut that is fixed in rain-harvesting trough (5) bottom and being connected with described rain-harvesting trough (5).
9. the device of measurement draft rainfall interception amount according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described Thin-wall Barrel (1) external diameter is 30cm, and height is 10cm; Described Thin-wall Barrel base (2) internal diameter is 30cm, and height is 1cm; Leg (4) length is 10cm; The upper shed internal diameter of described rain-harvesting trough (5) is 35cm, and the under shed internal diameter of described rain-harvesting trough (5) is 2cm, and the truncated cone-shaped funnel structure height of described rain-harvesting trough (5) is 3cm.
10. the device of each described measurement draft rainfall interception amount of employing claim 1-9 is measured the method for draft rainfall interception amount, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1. select a meadow in sylvan life, Thin-wall Barrel (1) is positioned over the litter top layer, with hammer Thin-wall Barrel (1) is pounded into soil horizon, stop when concordant with the soil horizon surface to Thin-wall Barrel (1) upper surface;
S2. with spades Thin-wall Barrel (1) is taken out and be positioned on the Thin-wall Barrel base (2);
S3. with rain-harvesting trough (5) and travel(l)ing rest (6) frame on the place that herbaceous layer takes out, connect rain-harvesting trough (5) and travel(l)ing rest (6), and regulate travel(l)ing rest (6) according to the gradient on meadow, make draft maintenance state of nature;
S4. water-supply-pipe is connected with rain gage, draft rainfall interception amount is measured.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210506301.2A CN103018422B (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | Device and method for measuring herbage rainfall interception quantity |
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| CN201210506301.2A CN103018422B (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | Device and method for measuring herbage rainfall interception quantity |
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| CN103018422A true CN103018422A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
| CN103018422B CN103018422B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103728423A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | Device and method for measuring interception of grass canopy |
| CN107991213A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-05-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of computational methods of litter rainfall interception amount |
| CN110934008A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-31 | 青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院 | Vegetation and litter cut off water test device |
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| CN202102133U (en) * | 2011-04-17 | 2012-01-04 | 南京易周能源科技有限公司 | Simple pluviometer with alarm function |
| CN202563105U (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-11-28 | 湖北亿立能科技有限公司 | Alarm rain gauge |
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2012
- 2012-11-30 CN CN201210506301.2A patent/CN103018422B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN202102133U (en) * | 2011-04-17 | 2012-01-04 | 南京易周能源科技有限公司 | Simple pluviometer with alarm function |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103728423A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | Device and method for measuring interception of grass canopy |
| CN103728423B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-11-11 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of devices and methods therefor measuring grass hat interception |
| CN107991213A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-05-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of computational methods of litter rainfall interception amount |
| CN107991213B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2020-06-12 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Calculation method for rainfall interception amount of dry branch and fallen leaf layer |
| CN110934008A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-31 | 青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院 | Vegetation and litter cut off water test device |
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| CN103018422B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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