CN106588760A - 一种瑞格菲尼中间体的制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种瑞格菲尼中间体的制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN106588760A
CN106588760A CN201611185819.5A CN201611185819A CN106588760A CN 106588760 A CN106588760 A CN 106588760A CN 201611185819 A CN201611185819 A CN 201611185819A CN 106588760 A CN106588760 A CN 106588760A
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吕燕华
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Qingdao Chenda Biotechnology Co Ltd
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J31/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0277Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
    • B01J31/0278Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
    • B01J31/0281Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member
    • B01J31/0284Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member of an aromatic ring, e.g. pyridinium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/40Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
    • B01J2231/42Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
    • B01J2231/4277C-X Cross-coupling, e.g. nucleophilic aromatic amination, alkoxylation or analogues
    • B01J2231/4288C-X Cross-coupling, e.g. nucleophilic aromatic amination, alkoxylation or analogues using O nucleophiles, e.g. alcohols, carboxylates, esters

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种瑞格菲尼中间体4‑(4‑氨基‑3‑三氟甲基)‑N‑甲基吡啶‑2‑甲酰胺的制备工艺,其特征在于,该制备工艺包括:碱存在下,将3‑氟‑4‑氨基苯酚与4‑氯‑2‑吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐在离子液体中接触反应得到瑞格菲尼中间体4‑(4‑氨基‑3‑三氟甲基)‑N‑甲基吡啶‑2‑甲酰胺。本发明提供的瑞格菲尼中间体的制备工艺,使用离子液体,既作为反应介质,同时也是催化剂,反应条件温和、环境友好,收率高,反应时间也大大缩短,特别适合扩大工业化生产,具有巨大的应用潜力。

Description

一种瑞格菲尼中间体的制备工艺
技术领域
本发明设计药物中间体的制备工艺,具体地,涉及一种瑞格菲尼中间体的制备工艺。
背景技术
瑞格菲尼(Regorafenib),是有德国BayerHealthcare公司研发的新型多激酶抑制剂类抗癌药,用于治疗转移性结肠直肠癌,其化学名称为4-[4-({[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]氨基甲酰}氨基)-3-氟苯氧基]-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺,具体结构如下:
目前,关于瑞格菲尼的合成中,广泛用到了中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺,尽管对于该中间体有较多的研究,但是还普遍存在反应处理复杂,收率不高的问题。
CN1721397A公开了一种瑞格菲尼的制备方法,具体地,该方法以3-氟-4-硝基苯酚和4-氯嘧啶-2-甲酸甲酯为原料,经多步得到中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺。该中间体的制备与后处理复杂,产物分离困难,收率低。
另外现有的瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺的制备方法还存在反应温度高(例如100℃左右),反应时间长等缺点。
因此,为了满足瑞格菲尼巨大的市场需求,本领域仍需一种收率高、反应简单易处理的中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺的制备方法,以保障瑞格菲尼原料的供应。
发明内容
鉴于现有的瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺反应收率不高,反应操作复杂后处理困难等问题,提出一种瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺的制备工艺,该制备工艺包括:碱存在下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐在离子液体中接触反应得到瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺。
为了提高原子利用率和提高产物收率,优选地,3-氟-4-氨基苯酚与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐、碱、离子液体的用量摩尔比为1:0.8~1:2~5:2~4。进一步优选地,3-氟-4-氨基苯酚与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐、碱、离子液体的用量摩尔比为1:0.85:3:3。
在本发明中,所述碱优选为无机碱,发明人发现,本发明采用无机碱能够减少副反应并且容易除去,不会给产物的后续分离造成负担。进一步优选地,所述碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾或碳酸铯。
在本发明中,优选情况下,所述离子液体为[BuPy]BF4(1-丁基吡啶四氟硼酸盐)。
本发明的发明人发现,3-氟-4-氨基苯酚与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐在碱存在下,高温反应时,例如大于100℃回流反应,会有部分4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐脱掉甲基的产物信号(m/z=139.11[M+H]+),该物质与目标产物极性相近,极难除去。在本发明中,由于采用了适合的离子液体,反应条件特别温和,并且反应速度也有了大幅的提高,避免了副产物的产生,特别有利于工业化生产。所述接触反应的条件包括:反应温度为40~50℃,反应时间为1~2小时。
在本发明中,为了防止外界环境中水分以及氧气等对反应的影响,优选情况下,制备工艺在氮气保护下进行。本发明的反应可以根据本领域常规的手段进行反应后处理,例如洗涤、过滤、结晶等。每步骤的过程中可以根据常用手段进行监控,例如LCMS、GCMS、TLC等。在没有其他特殊说明情况下,在本发明中所使用的室温是指23±2℃。
通过本发明的制备工艺得到的瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺,参考现有技术,作为起始原料很容易的得到瑞格菲尼。
本发明提供的瑞格菲尼中间体的制备工艺,使用离子液体,既作为反应介质,同时也是催化剂,反应条件温和、环境友好,收率高,反应时间也大大缩短。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
[BuPy]BF4(1-丁基吡啶四氟硼酸盐)的合成
将0.2mol吡啶、0.24mol的溴代正丁烷以及40ml乙腈加入到100ml干燥三口烧瓶中,升温至75℃,搅拌反应10小时,监测反应完毕,减压浓缩得到淡黄色固体,然后将固体用丙酮洗涤三次,真空干燥得到白色溴化N-丁基吡啶固体40g,收率92.7%。将0.1mol溴化N-丁基吡啶和0.11氟硼酸钠以及30ml丙酮加入到三口烧瓶中,升温至40℃,搅拌反应24小时,监测反应完毕,抽滤,滤液减压浓缩得到N-丁基吡啶四氟硼酸盐粗品,将粗品溶于二氯甲烷,过滤,滤液减压浓缩得到淡黄色液体N-丁基吡啶四氟硼酸盐22.1g,收率94.4%。
1HNMR(400MHz,D2O,DSS外标),δ8.75(d,J=6.8Hz,2H);8.46(t,J=7.6Hz,1H);8.02(t,J=6.8Hz,2H);4.53(t,J=7.2Hz.2H);1.95~1.86(m,2H)1.92;1.34(m,2H);1.32~1.25(m,2H);0.90(t,3H)。
实施例1
氮气保护下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚12.7g与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐17.6g、碳酸钾41.4g、[BuPy]BF4 66.9g加入到在250ml反应釜40℃,反应时间为1小时,监测到反应结束,反应液倾入水中,二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相并水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,石油醚重结晶得瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺20.8g,收率93.6%。MS(ESI):m/z[M+H]+261.10。
1HNMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO)δ:8.82(q,1H),8.50(d,1H),7.41(d,1H),7.13(dd,1H),7.07(dd,1H),6.97(t,1H),6.87(dd,1H),5.52(brs,2H),2.80(d,3H)。
实施例2
氮气保护下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚12.7g与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐16.6g、碳酸钾55.2g、[BuPy]BF4 89.2g加入到在250ml反应釜45℃,反应时间为1小时,监测到反应结束,反应液倾入水中,二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相并水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,石油醚重结晶得瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺19.9g,收率95.1%。MS(ESI):m/z[M+H]+261.10。
实施例3
氮气保护下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚12.7g与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐18.6g、碳酸钾69g、[BuPy]BF4 44.6g加入到在250ml反应釜50℃,反应时间为1小时,监测到反应结束,反应液倾入水中,二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相并水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,石油醚重结晶得瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺22.1g,收率94.0%。MS(ESI):m/z[M+H]+261.10。
对比例
氮气保护下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚12.7g与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐17.6g、碳酸钾62.1g、DMF加入到在250ml反应釜40℃,反应时间为6小时,监测到反应结束,反应液倾入水中,二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相并水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,石油醚重结晶得瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺14.0g,收率63.1%。MS(ESI):m/z[M+H]+261.10。
实施例4
氮气保护下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚12.7g与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐17.6g、碳酸钾62.1g、[BuPy]BF4 11.2g加入到在250ml反应釜45℃,反应时间为2小时,监测到反应结束,反应液倾入水中,二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相并水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,石油醚重结晶得瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺16.0g,收率72.2%。MS(ESI):m/z[M+H]+261.10。
实施例5
氮气保护下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚12.7g与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐17.6g、碳酸钾62.1g、[BuPy]BF4 60g加入到在250ml反应釜95℃,反应时间为1~2小时,监测到反应结束,反应液倾入水中,二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相并水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,石油醚重结晶得瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺14.7g,收率66.4%。MS(ESI):m/z[M+H]+261.10。
实施例6
氮气保护下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚12.7g与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐17.6g、三乙胺30.3g、[BuPy]BF4 66.9g加入到在250ml反应釜95℃,反应时间为1小时,监测到反应结束,反应液倾入水中,二氯甲烷萃取三次,合并有机相并水洗三次,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,石油醚重结晶得瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺18.8g,收率84.9%。MS(ESI):m/z[M+H]+261.10。

Claims (8)

1.瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺的制备工艺,其特征在于,该制备工艺包括:碱存在下,将3-氟-4-氨基苯酚与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐在离子液体中接触反应得到瑞格菲尼中间体4-(4-氨基-3-三氟甲基)-N-甲基吡啶-2-甲酰胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,3-氟-4-氨基苯酚与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐、碱、离子液体的用量摩尔比为1:0.8~1:2~5:2~4。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,3-氟-4-氨基苯酚与4-氯-2-吡啶甲酰胺盐酸盐、碱、离子液体的用量摩尔比为1:0.85:3:3。
4.根据权利要求1-3所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾或碳酸铯。
5.根据权利要求1-3所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述离子液体为1-丁基吡啶四氟硼酸盐。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述接触反应的条件包括:反应温度为40~50℃,反应时间为1~2小时。
7.根据权利要求1-6所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述接触反应在保护气体存在下进行。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述保护气体为氮气、氩气或氦气。
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