CN106577002A - Bletilla striata culture medium, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Bletilla striata culture medium, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577002A CN106577002A CN201611204483.2A CN201611204483A CN106577002A CN 106577002 A CN106577002 A CN 106577002A CN 201611204483 A CN201611204483 A CN 201611204483A CN 106577002 A CN106577002 A CN 106577002A
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- bletilla striata
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bletilla striata culture medium, and a preparation method and application thereof. The bletilla striata culture medium is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 10 to 20 parts of northeast peat soil, 30 to 40 parts of rice husk, 10 to 15 parts of decomposed sheep excrement, 5 to 10 parts of potassium sulphate compound fertilizer and 30 to 40 parts of sandy soil. Compared with the prior art, the above raw material combination is designed according to the growth characteristics and habits of bletilla striata; various components are mixed to serve as an intensive culture medium of the bletilla striata; the bletilla striata culture medium is more suitable for intensive high-yield culture of the bletilla striata; the survival rate and the yield of bletilla striata seedlings are effectively improved; the benefit of bletilla striata planting per mu is greatly improved; the energy consumption is reduced; waste recycling is performed by utilizing the rice husk; and the bletilla striata culture medium accords with the concept of sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bletilla striata cultivation matrix and its preparation method and application, belongs to bletilla striata planting technology field.
Background technology
The bletilla striata be orchid family bletilla striata platymiscium, be used as medicine with stem tuber, with tonifying lung hemostasis, detumescence and promoting granulation the effects such as；In recent years, it is wild
By substantial amounts of private digging coyoting, its yield and quality is in downward trend year by year to the raw bletilla striata, and price goes up year after year；The artificial cultivation bletilla striata is not
Benefit return can be only obtained, is also that one kind is effectively protected to wild resource.
The raw material that at present bletilla striata is used as medicine also mainly based on wild, with riseing year by year for bletilla striata price, in recent years
Artificial cultivation gradually rises, but current bletilla striata cultivation generally imitates the planting patterns of common agricultural, directly cultivates in farmland
On, because being outdoor cropping, it is affected greatly this pattern by local soil soil property, and its prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control difficulty is big, and plantation is survived
Rate, yield are affected greatly by weather, and weeding, the management cost such as water, apply fertilizer are big, and benefit is unstable；And booth intensive cultivating
The bletilla striata, solves in outdoor cropping and is caused to be affected by environment, Changes in weather, and management is more convenient, has also increasingly becomed the bletilla striata
One direction of cultivation field.
But, the existing booth intensive cultivating bletilla striata, only on the basis of outdoor cropping compared with traditional outdoor cropping
On cover one layer of plastic foil and shade net, its survival rate and yield are affected greatly, to greatly reduce scale by local edaphic condition
Change the benefit of cultivation.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of bletilla striata cultivation matrix and its preparation side
Method and application.
Technical scheme：In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention discloses a kind of bletilla striata cultivation matrix, its mainly by with
The raw material of lower volume ratio is made：
10～20 parts of northeast peat soils, 30～40 parts of rice husks, 10～15 parts of decay sheep excrements, 5～10 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers,
30～40 parts of sandy loams.
It is preferred that, the northeast peat soil is high located peat soil, is that temperate zone high latitude plant buries Jing under a subterranean formation and piles up for a long time
Carbonize and formed.Based on Eriophorum Linn, fountain moss platymiscium, degree of decomposition is relatively low, and nitrogen and ash element content are few, it is acid compared with
By force；During preparation, its pH is adjusted to into 5.0～6 and is used.
It is preferred that, the rice husk is one layer of shell on paddy surface, obtains after paddy husk rice processing, and its moisture retention is good, breathes freely, with
Organic matter is gradually rotted into after other component mixing, for the bletilla striata growth nutrient is provided, and use cost is low.
It is preferred that, the decay sheep excrement be in sheep excrement according to weight than addition 5% urea, heap vomit covering fermentation 3～4
Obtained by month.
It is preferred that, the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer be the big composite fertilizer 17-17-17 (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio) of Nintaus, total Yang Fen≤51%.
The model composite fertilizer n-p-k element is balanced, and containing various rush root active materials, with opposing low temperature, antifreeze, drought resisting growth-promoting
Effect of root is hindered in new root, reparation, can effectively facilitate plant root prosperity, improves arrange exhibits ability and the nutrient absorption ability of root, energy
Crop yield is significantly improved, improves crop quality.
It is preferred that, the sandy loam accounts for 60% for silt content, and clay accounts for 40% soil, its good permeability, is adapted to the bletilla striata
Growth.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the bletilla striata cultivation matrix, comprises the following steps：By northeast peat soil pH
5.0～6.0 are adjusted to, are then well mixed with rice husk, decay sheep excrement, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and sandy loam, obtained final product.
The present invention finally provides application of the bletilla striata cultivation matrix in bletilla striata booth intensive cultivating.
It is preferred that, the booth is the booth with plastic sheeting and shade net, and its shade rate is 50～60%.
It is preferred that, the method for the application is as follows：The cultivation matrix being well mixed is spread in booth, matrix laying is thick
Spend for 18-22m, then according to certain seeding row spacing, annual bletilla striata seedling is colonized in above-mentioned matrix, pour permeable, press afterwards
More solito is managed.
Further preferably, the seeding row spacing is 15*15cm.
In cultivation matrix of the present invention, northeast high located peat soil and rice husk are added with, both act synergistically, can dramatically increase
The aeration and retentiveness of matrix, the bletilla striata is orchid, likes dark and damp environment, and the environment of matrix air permeable humidity retaining is more beneficial for its life
It is long.
Technique effect：Relative to prior art, the present invention devises above raw material group according to bletilla striata growth characteristics and habit
Close, each component mixes as bletilla striata intensive cultivating matrix, is more suitable for the intensive high-yield culturing of the bletilla striata, effectively increases bletilla striata seedling
Survival rate and yield, substantially increase the bletilla striata and plant benefit per mu, reduce energy consumption, and waste carried out using rice husk and follow again
Ring, meets sustainable development.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Cultivation matrix prescription：(volume ratio)
10 parts of northeast peat soils, 40 parts of rice husks, 15 parts of decay sheep excrements, 10 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers, 40 parts of sandy loams.
The decay sheep excrement be in sheep excrement according to weight than addition 5% urea, heap vomit covering fermentation 3 months gained；
The compound potassium sulfate fertilizer be the big composite fertilizer 17-17-17 (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio) of Nintaus, total Yang Fen≤51%；
The sandy loam accounts for 60% for silt content, and clay accounts for 40% soil；
Preparation method：
Each raw material is taken by above-mentioned volume ratio, northeast peat soil pH is adjusted to into 5.0, then with rice husk, decay sheep excrement, potassium sulfate
Composite fertilizer and sandy loam are well mixed, and obtain final product.
Using：
(1) cultivation matrix being well mixed is spread in the vinyl house of 50% shade rate, matrix laying depth is 18cm.
(2) in early April, according to the seeding row spacing of 15*15cm, annual bletilla striata seedling is colonized with above-mentioned matrix, is irrigated
Water, after 1 month, observation statistics survival rate, germination percentage, and be compared with the conventional booth intensive cultivating bletilla striata.
(3) September part, statistics bletilla striata individual plant plant height, Tuber Size and unit area bletilla striata yield.
Embodiment 2
Cultivation matrix prescription：(volume ratio)
20 parts of northeast peat soils, 30 parts of rice husks, 10 parts of decay sheep excrements, 5 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers, 30 parts of sandy loams.
The decay sheep excrement be in sheep excrement according to weight than addition 5% urea, heap vomit covering fermentation 4 months gained；
The compound potassium sulfate fertilizer be the big composite fertilizer 17-17-17 (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio) of Nintaus, total Yang Fen≤51%；
The sandy loam accounts for 60% for silt content, and clay accounts for 40% soil；
Preparation method：
Each raw material is taken by above-mentioned volume ratio, northeast peat soil pH is adjusted to into 6.0, then with rice husk, decay sheep excrement, potassium sulfate
Composite fertilizer and sandy loam are well mixed, and obtain final product.
Using：
(1) cultivation matrix being well mixed is spread in the vinyl house of 60% shade rate, matrix laying depth is 22cm.
(2) in early April, according to the seeding row spacing of 15*15cm, annual bletilla striata seedling is colonized with above-mentioned matrix, is irrigated
Water, after 1 month, observation statistics survival rate, germination percentage, and be compared with the conventional booth intensive cultivating bletilla striata.
(3) September part, statistics bletilla striata individual plant plant height, Tuber Size and unit area bletilla striata yield.
Embodiment 3
Cultivation matrix prescription：(volume ratio)
15 parts of northeast peat soils, 35 parts of rice husks, 12 parts of decay sheep excrements, 8 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers, 35 parts of sandy loams.
The decay sheep excrement be in sheep excrement according to weight than addition 5% urea, heap vomit covering fermentation 3.5 months institutes
；
The compound potassium sulfate fertilizer be the big composite fertilizer 17-17-17 (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio) of Nintaus, total Yang Fen≤51%；
The sandy loam accounts for 60% for silt content, and clay accounts for 40% soil；
Preparation method：
Each raw material is taken by above-mentioned volume ratio, northeast peat soil pH is adjusted to into 5.5, then with rice husk, decay sheep excrement, potassium sulfate
Composite fertilizer and sandy loam are well mixed, and obtain final product.
Using：
(1) cultivation matrix being well mixed is spread in the vinyl house of 55% shade rate, matrix laying depth is 20cm.
(2) in early April, according to the seeding row spacing of 15*15cm, annual bletilla striata seedling is colonized with above-mentioned matrix, is irrigated
Water, after 1 month, observation statistics survival rate, germination percentage, and be compared with the conventional booth intensive cultivating bletilla striata.
(3) September part, statistics bletilla striata individual plant plant height, Tuber Size and unit area bletilla striata yield.
Embodiment 4
Cultivation matrix prescription：(volume ratio)
20 parts of northeast peat soils, 40 parts of rice husks, 10 parts of decay sheep excrements, 5 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers, 30 parts of sandy loams.
The decay sheep excrement be in sheep excrement according to weight than addition 5% urea, heap vomit covering fermentation 3.5 months institutes
；
The compound potassium sulfate fertilizer be the big composite fertilizer 17-17-17 (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio) of Nintaus, total Yang Fen≤51%；
The sandy loam accounts for 60% for silt content, and clay accounts for 40% soil；
Preparation method：
Each raw material is taken by above-mentioned volume ratio, northeast peat soil pH is adjusted to into 5.5, then with rice husk, decay sheep excrement, potassium sulfate
Composite fertilizer and sandy loam are well mixed, and obtain final product.
Using：
(1) cultivation matrix being well mixed is spread in the vinyl house of 50% shade rate, matrix laying depth is 20cm.
(2) in early April, according to the seeding row spacing of 15*15cm, annual bletilla striata seedling is colonized with above-mentioned matrix, is irrigated
Water, after 1 month, observation statistics survival rate, germination percentage, and be compared with the conventional booth intensive cultivating bletilla striata.
(3) September part, statistics bletilla striata individual plant plant height, Tuber Size and unit area bletilla striata yield.
Reference examples：
Conventional booth intensive cultivating：Soil tillage in booth is loosened the soil, and sprinkles big composite fertilizer of Nintaus, composite fertilizer's consumption
It is consistent with the scheme of embodiment 4；Control measures are consistent with embodiment 4.
Experiment in cultivation result is investigated：
From table 1 it follows that relative to reference examples, the inventive method is more suitable for the growth of the bletilla striata, its survival rate, germination
Rate, plant height, Tuber Size and every 10m2Yield is significantly more excellent, is planted with annual bletilla striata domestication seedling, mu after half a year
Product can reach more than 500 kilograms.
The impact that the different disposal of table 1 grows to the bletilla striata
Remarks：1. its survival rate and germination percentage are observed after planting one month, survival rate is individual plant bletilla striata seedling underground stem tuber portion
Divide and whether grow new root for index；Whether germination percentage germinates and germinates quantity for index for individual plant bletilla striata seedling underground stem tuber；Plant height
Counted after stopping growing for September part bletilla striata with Tuber Size and yield.2. multidraw random sampling is pressed, each group
Data duplication 5 times.
Northeast high located peat soil and rice husk synergy are investigated：
Table 2 respectively processes component composition
The each component physical property of table 3 is analyzed
| Process | Unit weight g/cm3 | Total porosity % | Ventilating slit % | Water holding hole % |
| 1 | 0.293 | 75.2 | 36.1 | 39.1 |
| 2 | 0.287 | 66.7 | 31.2 | 35.5 |
| 3 | 0.301 | 70.3 | 35.7 | 34.6 |
| 4 | 0.278 | 78.3 | 40.6 | 37.7 |
| 5 | 0.368 | 56.7 | 27.5 | 29.2 |
| 6 | 0.482 | 53.2 | 25.6 | 28.8 |
| 7 | 0.421 | 43.6 | 21.2 | 22.4 |
Remarks：It is several component different ratio compositions in table 2, the matrix that various matrix are compounded is measured by sampling into its appearance
Weight, total porosity, the content of ventilating slit, and the content of water holding hole is calculated, concrete data are shown in Table 3.
As shown in Table 3, there is certain difference in each unit weight that processes, wherein process 6 and process 7 its unit weight highest, and at this
The unit weight of process 1～4 in invention scope is controlled 0.300 or so.Total porosity reflection matrix accommodates the ability of air and moisture,
5 are processed in each process, 6 are processed and processes 7 total porositys below 60%.Ventilating slit and water holding hole process 5, process 6
7 30% is below with processing, illustrates that its gas permeability and retentiveness contrast other process poor, wherein ventilating slit is processing 4 most
Greatly, water holding hole is maximum to process 1.The as shown by data that table 3 is respectively processed, either substitutes rice husk with northeast peat soil, or uses
Rice husk substitutes northeast peat soil, all far below both simultaneously plus fashionable effect, therefore, add northeast peat soil and rice husk, two
Person acts synergistically, and greatly improves ventilating slit and the water holding hole of matrix, is conducive to the growth of the bletilla striata.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bletilla striata cultivation matrix, it is characterised in that it is mainly made up of the raw material of volumes below ratio：
10～20 parts of northeast peat soils, 30～40 parts of rice husks, 10～15 parts of decay sheep excrements, 5～10 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers,
30～40 parts of sandy loams.
2. bletilla striata cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the northeast peat soil is high located peat soil,
During preparation, its pH is adjusted to into 5.0～6.0 and is used.
3. bletilla striata cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the decay sheep excrement is according to weight in sheep excrement
The urea than addition 5% is measured, heap is vomitted and covers 3～4 months gained of fermentation.
4. bletilla striata cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compound potassium sulfate fertilizer is combined greatly for Nintaus
Fertile 17-17-17 (nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio), total Yang Fen≤51%.
5. bletilla striata cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sandy loam is silt content 60%, clay
Account for 40% soil.
6. the preparation method of the bletilla striata cultivation matrix described in any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Northeast peat soil pH is adjusted to into 5.0～6.0, is then well mixed with rice husk, decay sheep excrement, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and sandy loam,
Obtain final product.
7. application of the bletilla striata cultivation matrix described in any one of claim 1-5 in bletilla striata booth intensive cultivating.
8. application according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the booth is big with plastic sheeting and shade net
Canopy, its shade rate is 50～60%.
9. application according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the method for the application is as follows：Described in being well mixed
Cultivation matrix is spread in booth, and matrix laying depth is 18-22m, then according to certain seeding row spacing, annual bletilla striata seedling is determined
Plant in above-mentioned matrix, pour permeable, conventionally manage afterwards.
10. application according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the seeding row spacing is 15*15cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611204483.2A CN106577002A (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Bletilla striata culture medium, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201611204483.2A CN106577002A (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Bletilla striata culture medium, and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107646591A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling matrix and the method cultivated using the matrix |
| CN109729957A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-10 | 上海泾茗农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of vegetable cultivation soil and its implantation methods |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103314854A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-09-25 | 重庆市秀山红星中药材开发有限公司 | Domestication cultivation method of bletilla tissue culture seedlings |
| CN104054565A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-09-24 | 江苏茅山地道中药材种植有限公司 | Seedling hardening matrix for increasing survival rate of tissue culture seedlings of bletilla striata |
| CN105165360A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Bletilla striata cultivation method |
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2016
- 2016-12-23 CN CN201611204483.2A patent/CN106577002A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103314854A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-09-25 | 重庆市秀山红星中药材开发有限公司 | Domestication cultivation method of bletilla tissue culture seedlings |
| CN104054565A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-09-24 | 江苏茅山地道中药材种植有限公司 | Seedling hardening matrix for increasing survival rate of tissue culture seedlings of bletilla striata |
| CN105165360A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Bletilla striata cultivation method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107646591A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-02-02 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of bletilla striata direct sowing and seedling matrix and the method cultivated using the matrix |
| CN109729957A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-10 | 上海泾茗农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of vegetable cultivation soil and its implantation methods |
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Application publication date: 20170426 |