CN106508593A - Planting method for wild grape - Google Patents
Planting method for wild grape Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508593A CN106508593A CN201610964527.5A CN201610964527A CN106508593A CN 106508593 A CN106508593 A CN 106508593A CN 201610964527 A CN201610964527 A CN 201610964527A CN 106508593 A CN106508593 A CN 106508593A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/007—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from derived products of animal origin or their wastes, e.g. leather, dairy products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for wild grape. The planting method comprises the following steps: (1) seedbed preparation: levelling gullies in soil, filling in rotting leaves with sizes of 4-6cm in the gullies, backfilling the mixture of a base fertilizer and backfill soil with a weight ratio of 20: (1 to 3) into the gullies, naturally sinking, then laying the base fertilizer with a height of 3-5cm at the positions of the gullies, and finally covering with soil to make a seedbed; (2) cutting planting: selecting wild grape branches, shearing the wild grape branches into cuttings, soaking the cuttings for 16-26 hours with a growth conditioner, and cutting the cuttings in the seedbed; and (3) fertilizer and water management. According to the planting method disclosed by the invention, breakthrough improvement is carried out on preparation and cutting methods for a common seedbed, and the germination time of the wild grape cuttings can be obviously reduced and the survival rate of the wild grape cuttings can be increased through preparing the organic base fertilizer with mild nature and selecting the safe and non-toxic growth conditioner for pre-treating the wild grape cuttings.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to the field of planting of Fructus Vitis viniferae, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of amur grape.
【Background technology】
Amur grape also known as Vitis Amurensiss, are the perennial fallen leaves lianas of Vitaceae Vitis, are that perennial liana climbs fruit tree,
Herba Anemones vitifoliae is more than 15 meters, bark crineous or bronzing, and rattan is crawled or climbed up by holding on on other trees, Radix vitis romanetii tree volume
Palpus top and leaf opposite, single leaf alternate, bottle green, width egg shape, autumn leaf often redden.Chinese wild grape aboundresources, which resists
Disease, cold-resistant, moisture-resisting power are strong, are excellent cold-resistant stocks, have very strong energy for growth, be disease-resistant breeding for stress tolerance in wild environment
Important germ plasm resource.Simultaneously which is not only delicious and tasty for amur grape, and nutritive value is very high, sugar content in ripe berry
Up to 10-30%, based on glucose, can be directly absorbed by the body.Also containing the life of mineral calcium, potassium, phosphorus, ferrum and various dimensions
Element and essential amino acid.With respect to all grape varieties of existing cultivation, amur grape has the advantage that：
(1) Fructus Vitis viniferae strong adaptability, distribution are wide, and from Taiwan, Fujian to Tibet, from Heilungkiang to Hainan, almost each province is (autonomous
Area, municipality directly under the Central Government) there is the cultivation of amur grape.
(2) amur grape fruits nutrition enriches, and not only containing sugared, the sour, mineral that general fruit is common, and contains
Trace element necessary to the human bodies such as substantial amounts of aminoacid, Folic Acid, vitamin and resveratrol, these trace element are existing
All grape varieties of cultivation can not be compared.
(3) purposes of amur grape is more and wide, and fruit can be eaten raw, process, alcoholic, juice processed, system are done, outside tank processed, wild
Seed of Fructus Vitis viniferae can also refine the high-grade materials such as tannin, Proflavanol element.And amur grape brews wine, always is generation
One of most popular alcoholic drink in boundary.
In recent years, the continuous improvement of original flavor theory with people's back to nature, is pursued, the demand of amur grape is got over
Come bigger.Amur grape resource is caused to be subject to unauthorized and excessive mining, heavy damage, yield are fewer and feweri, price more and more higher.Therefore,
In order to protect and develop amur grape this precious resources, people have attempted many methods for cultivating amur grapes, in all parts of the country
Occur in that the amur grape Planting household of many specialties.
Cuttage is a kind of conventional propagation method for cultivating plant.Can be with the stem of clip plant, leaf, root, bud etc. (on gardening
Claim cutting), or in insertion soil, Sha Zhong, or be immersed in water, can plant after taking root, make independent new plant.
In agriculture and forestry production, during different plant cuttages, there are different demands to condition.Understand and comply with their demand, could obtain more
High breeding success rate.Simple and easy to do because having, growth promoter is fast, and transplanting survival rate is high, low cost and other advantages and be subject to universal
Favor, but show to the result of study that amur grape inserts skewer rooting characteristics, amur grape stiff wood are inserted skewer and are taken root difficulty, and rooting rate is very
It is low, or root system is few, it is weak, absorb nutrition slowly, so poor growth.
【The content of the invention】
Present invention aim at providing a kind of implantation methods of amur grape, arrangement, cuttage of the technology to conventional seedbed
Method has carried out breakthrough improvement, by preparing the gentle organic base manure of property, from safety non-toxic growth conditioning agent to open country
Raw grape cutting carries out pretreatment, can significantly reduce the germinating time that amur grape is transplanted, while improve amur grape transplanting
Survival rate.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of implantation methods of amur grape, including with
Lower step：
(1) arrangement in seedbed：Smooth at intervals of 100-150cm on soil, depth is 60-80cm, and width is 80-
The rotten leaveves of 4-6cm are inserted in the gully of 100cm, exposure 10-15 days in gully, then by base manure with backfill by weight
Than 20:It is backfilling in gully after 1-3 mixing, with the consumption of 100-200L/ mus to soil shower water after natural sinking 15-20 days,
Spread base manure of the height for 3-5cm again in gully, last covered soil makes 15-20cm above ground level, and width is 70-
The seedbed of 90cm；
(2) cutting plantation：The 1-2 amur grape branches that branch is sturdy, eye is full are chosen, and length are cut into for 6-12cm
Cutting, wherein go up clip and be cut into flat mouth at eye 2.5-4cm, seal flat mouth, lower clip at eye 0.5-1cm,
Angle is cut in 50-60 °, after cutting is with growth conditioning agent immersion 16-26 hours, cuttage is in seedbed；
(3) rich water quality management：Water once after cutting plantation, keep ground moistening, then distinguish in cutting root arranged on left and right sides
Ventilative mulch film containing air-vent in covering, keeps the distance between ventilative mulch film to be 20-40cm, finally provides for every plant of cutting
Nutritive water；A diameter of 5-10mm of described air-vent, distribution density are 10-15/m2；The frequency of described offer nutritive water
For：It is to rudiment per 2-3 day/time after overlay film, to 4-6 day/time before result after rudiment, as a result rear to before plucking 4-6 day/time.
In the present invention, as further illustrating, the base manure described in step (1) is prepared by following methods：By weight
Meter, by 25-30 part bacterium rod waste residues, 50-60 part Chicken dungs, 10-15 part wormcasts, 20-30 part soybean residues, 6-8 part Brown algaes,
10-12 part Concha Ostreae powder, 3-8 part papermaking nights and 5-10 part water-absorbing resin mix homogeneously, exposure 2-4 days add 50-100 part water
With 0.5-2 part yeast, sealing and fermenting 60-80 days, 36-48h is dried at 40-50 DEG C, crushed 20 mesh sieves, obtain base after deodorization
Fertile finished product.
In the present invention, as further illustrating, described water-absorbing resin is starch acrylamide acid resin.
In the present invention, as further illustrating, it is 100- that the growth conditioning agent described in step (2) is mass fraction
The shitosan naphthalene acetic acid saline solution of 200ppm or the shitosan salicylate aqueous solution that mass fraction is 150-300ppm.
In the present invention, as further illustrating, the cutting described in step (2) includes female amur grape cutting with male
Amur grape cutting；The ratio of described female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type grape cutting is 5-8：1.
In the present invention, as further illustrating, the nutritive water described in step (3) for 150-200mL mass fractions is
The potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10-50mL mass fractions of 0.1-0.3% is mixing that 0.01-0.02% sodium chloride solutions are mixed
Compound.
In the present invention, as further illustrating, also include disinfecting for soil before the arrangement step in seedbed：Select
PH is half viscosity, half sandy soil of 5.0-6.5, ploughs deeply 35-40cm, and per mu sprays antibacterial 100-200L, then in soil table
Face covers heat absorption thin film, takes off film after closed 15-20 days.
The function introduction of part material is as follows：
Soybean residue is to filter off bean milk during bean milk is done, remaining residue, and person was bean dregs in the past, with abundant
Cellulose, vitamin and trace element.Can be used as food, it is also possible to do beauty, fertilizer etc..
Brown algae, Phaeophyta (Phaeophyta) member, the higher algae of a group, about 1,500 kinds, it is distributed continent bank
Cold water water body, fresh water species are rare.Its color depends on the ratio of brown pigment (fucoxanthin) and marennin (chlorophyll), from dark
It is brown to olive green.Inflated airbag makes thallophytic photosynthetic part float on or be close to water meter.
Concha Ostreae powder contains the Calcium Carbonate of calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate and 80%--95%, and containing magnesium, aluminum, silicon and ferrum oxide etc..
Bacterium rod waste residue is for cultivating the garbage after various mushroom.
Papermaking night, containing a large amount of in the waste water of alkaline process (soda processes and sulfate process) the pulping process generation of paper industry
Lignin, in pitchy, therefore referred to as black liquor.Contain substantial amounts of suspended solid, organic pollution and noxious substance in black liquor,
Serious pollution can be caused in being directly discharged to water body.
Starch acrylamide acid resin is the one kind in super absorbent resin, containing strong hydrophilicity group, with certain degree of cross linking
New functional macromolecule material.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, it is stable in the air, water is lost at 400 DEG C, become metaphosphate, for preparing buffer,
Arsenic, antimony, phosphorus, aluminum and ferrum is determined, phosphorus titer is prepared, culture medium is prepared, Phos, alkaline phosphatase activity in serum is determined.
Industrially it is used as buffer agent, nutrient chemical；Agriculturally it is used as efficient phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer；Food stage is used as food improved additives.
Sodium Chloride outward appearance is white crystalline, and its source mainly in the seawater, is the main component of Sal.It is soluble in
Water, glycerol, are slightly soluble in ethanol, liquefied ammonia；Insoluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid.It is micro- in atmosphere to have hygroscopy.Stability is relatively good, industrial to use
In manufacture soda and Caustic soda and other chemical products, ore smelting is in life to can be used for flavoring agent.The Sodium Chloride of low concentration can promote
Enter the growth promoter of plant.
The invention has the advantages that：
1. employ in the arrangement step in the seedbed of the present invention rotten leaveves-base manure and backfill mixture-base manure this
Three layers of fertilizer can sufficiently ensure that amur grape quickly grows as the source of nutrition between amur grape different growing stages,
Without applying other fertilizer, fertilizer source one-time-reach-place again.Decomposed leaves can provide what is enriched for amur grape growth
N P and K and trace element, but need the slow time as which resolves into the small molecule that amur grape can absorb, can be by
Its fertilizer supply as the later stage, so place it in the bottom；The mixture of base manure and backfill contains moderate battalion
Foster material, can be as the fertilizer supply of mid-term, so placing it in intermediate layer；And base manure contains the nutrient substance of high concentration, can
The quick nutrient substance for easily absorbing is provided for the initial stage of germinateing, so placing it in the superiors；This three layers of fertilizer are according to amur grape
Stage different in growth course absorb it is fast-in-slow degree designed by, the design science is rationally, workable, has
Vast application value.
2. the base manure that the present invention is planted as amur grape using special organic fertilizer formula, wherein nitrogen content are 19%,
Available phosphorus content is 15%, and potassium content is 15%, micronutrient levelss >=3.0%, and its property is gentle, and nutrition arrangement is rationally, right
Cuttage branch not damaged, is conducive to which to root.It is mainly shown as：First, bacterium rod waste residue, soybean residue in base manure formula and
Organic matters such as the cellulose at papermaking night, hemicellulose and lignin etc. by different degrees of degraded, generate molecular weight more
Low material, it is easier to be absorbed by plants；Second, having a certain amount of wormcast in base manure formula, which is rich in antibacterial, actinomycetes
And funguses, these microorganisms not only make complex material mineralising and are easy to the active substance for absorbing for plant, but also synthesize a series of
There is the material of biological activity；Third, the starch acrylamide acid resin in base manure formula, mainly plays water conservation humidification, while
Can prevent soil from piling up caking, increase the breathability of soil, contribute to taking root and generating more flourishing root system for Fructus Vitis viniferae cuttage bar；
Each raw material of base manure can be cooperated, be interacted by scientific matching, and the effect for reaching far is more than single raw material and produces
Effect, the life-time service base manure can greatly improve the yield of amur grape, while soil can not also be injured.
3. the present invention adopts unique shitosan naphthalene acetic acid saline solution or shitosan salicylate aqueous solution as wild
The physiological regulation agent of grape cutting, its property are gentle, can promote taking root and suppressing the growth of pathogenic bacteria for its grape cutting, carry significantly
High its survival rate.
【Specific embodiment】
Embodiment 1：
1. early-stage preparations
The preparation of base manure：Will be 250g bacterium rod waste residues, 5000g Chicken dungs, 100g wormcasts, 200g soybean residues, 60g brown
Algae, 100g Concha Ostreae powder, 30g papermaking nights and 50g starch acrylamide acid resin mix homogeneously, exposure 2 days add 500g water and 5g ferment
Mother, sealing and fermenting 60 days, dries 36h at 40 DEG C, crushes 20 mesh sieves, obtains base manure finished product after deodorization；
The preparation of nutritive water：By potassium dihydrogen phosphate that 150mL mass fractions are 0.1% and 10mL mass fractions it is
0.01% sodium chloride solution stirs the nutritive water that be obtained.
2. a kind of implantation methods of amur grape, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is disinfected：Half viscosity, half sandy soil for selecting pH to be 5.0, ploughs deeply 35cm, and per mu sprays sterilization
Agent 100L, then covers heat absorption thin film in soil surface, takes off film after closed 15 days；
(2) arrangement in seedbed：Smooth at intervals of 100cm on soil, depth is 60cm, and gully of the width for 80cm exposes
Shine 10 days, insert the rotten leaveves of 4cm in gully, then by base manure and backfill by weight 20:Ditch is backfilling into after 1 mixing
In gully, with the consumption of 100L/ mus to soil shower water after sinking 15 days naturally, then it is 3cm's to the height of spreading of gully position
Base manure, last covered soil make 15cm above ground level, seedbed of the width for 70cm；
(3) cutting plantation：1 year amur grape branch that branch is sturdy, eye is full is chosen, and length is cut into for the slotting of 6cm
Bar, wherein goes up clip and is cut into flat mouth at eye 2.5cm, seal flat mouth, and lower clip is cut in 50 ° at eye 0.5cm
Angle, cutting mass fraction are that the shitosan naphthalene acetic acid saline solution of 100ppm soaks 16 hours, and cuttage is in seedbed；It is described
Cutting include female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type grape cutting；Described female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type
The ratio of grape cutting is 5：1；
(4) rich water quality management：Water after plantation once, keep ground moistening, then be covered each by cutting root arranged on left and right sides
On the ventilative mulch film containing air-vent, keep the distance between ventilative mulch film to be 20cm, finally provide nutritive water for every plant of cutting；
A diameter of 5mm of described air-vent, distribution density are 10/m2；The frequency of described offer nutritive water is：To sprouting after overlay film
Per 2 days/time before bud, to 4 days/time before result after rudiment, as a result after to plucking first 4 days/time.
Embodiment 2：
1. early-stage preparations
The preparation of base manure：By 255g bacterium rod waste residues, 520g Chicken dungs, 120g wormcasts, 280g soybean residues, 66g Brown algaes,
108g Concha Ostreae powder, 45g papermaking nights and 75g starch acrylamide acid resin mix homogeneously, exposure 2.5 days add 700g water and 10g ferment
Mother, sealing and fermenting 67 days, dries 39h at 44 DEG C, crushes 20 mesh sieves, obtains base manure finished product after deodorization.
The preparation of nutritive water：By potassium dihydrogen phosphate that 160mL mass fractions are 0.14% and 20mL mass fractions it is
0.013% sodium chloride solution stirs the nutritive water that be obtained.
2. a kind of implantation methods of amur grape, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is disinfected：Half viscosity, half sandy soil for selecting pH to be 5.5, ploughs deeply 38cm, and per mu sprays sterilization
Agent 120L, then covers heat absorption thin film in soil surface, takes off film after closed 17 days；
(2) arrangement in seedbed：Smooth at intervals of 130cm on soil, depth is 64cm, and gully of the width for 92cm exposes
Shine 11 days, insert the rotten leaveves of 4.5cm in gully, then by base manure and backfill by weight 20:It is backfilling into after 1 mixing
In gully, with the consumption of 133L/ mus to soil shower water after sinking 17 days naturally, then to the height of spreading of gully position it is
The base manure of 3.5cm, last covered soil make 19cm above ground level, seedbed of the width for 75cm；
(3) cutting plantation：1.5 years amur grape branches that branch is sturdy, eye is full are chosen, and length are cut into for 8cm's
Cutting, wherein goes up clip and is cut into flat mouth at eye 2.8cm, seal flat mouth, and lower clip is cut in 55 ° at eye 0.7cm
Into angle, cutting mass fraction is the shitosan salicylate aqueous solution soaking 22 hours of 155ppm, and cuttage is in seedbed；Institute
The cutting stated includes female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type grape cutting；Described female amur grape cutting is wild with male
The ratio of raw grape cutting is 6：1；
(4) rich water quality management：Water after plantation once, keep ground moistening, then be covered each by cutting root arranged on left and right sides
On the ventilative mulch film containing air-vent, keep the distance between ventilative mulch film to be 23cm, finally provide nutritive water for every plant of cutting；
A diameter of 8mm of described air-vent, distribution density are 11/m2；The frequency of described offer nutritive water is：To sprouting after overlay film
Per 2.5 days/time before bud, to 5 days/time before result after rudiment, as a result after to plucking first 5 days/time.
Embodiment 3：
1. early-stage preparations
The preparation of base manure：By 272g bacterium rod waste residues, 580g Chicken dungs, 115g wormcasts, 260g soybean residues, 77g Brown algaes,
108g Concha Ostreae powder, 56g papermaking nights and 71g starch acrylamide acid resin mix homogeneously, exposure 3 days add 90g water and 12g yeast,
Sealing and fermenting 74 days, dries 40h at 43 DEG C, crushes 20 mesh sieves, obtains base manure finished product after deodorization.
The preparation of nutritive water：By potassium dihydrogen phosphate that 180mL mass fractions are 0.2% and 25mL mass fractions it is
0.016% sodium chloride solution stirs the nutritive water that be obtained.
2. a kind of implantation methods of amur grape, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is disinfected：Half viscosity, half sandy soil for selecting pH to be 5.8, ploughs deeply 38cm, and per mu sprays sterilization
Agent 150L, then covers heat absorption thin film in soil surface, takes off film after closed 19 days；
(2) arrangement in seedbed：Smooth at intervals of 130cm on soil, depth is 65cm, and gully of the width for 94cm exposes
Shine 12 days, insert the rotten leaveves of 5cm in gully, then by base manure and backfill by weight 20:It is backfilling into after 2.5 mixing
In gully, with the consumption of 147L/ mus to soil shower water after sinking 18 days naturally, then to the height of spreading of gully position it is
The base manure of 3.5cm, last covered soil make 16cm above ground level, seedbed of the width for 83cm；
(3) cutting plantation：2 years amur grape branches that branch is sturdy, eye is full are chosen, and length are cut into for the slotting of 7cm
Bar, wherein goes up clip and is cut into flat mouth at eye 3cm, seal flat mouth, and lower clip is cut into tiltedly in 54 ° at eye 0.9cm
Mouthful, cutting mass fraction is that the shitosan naphthalene acetic acid saline solution of 180ppm soaks 20 hours, and cuttage is in seedbed；Described
Cutting includes female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type grape cutting；Described female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type Portugal
The ratio of grape cutting is 7：1；
(4) rich water quality management：Water after plantation once, keep ground moistening, then be covered each by cutting root arranged on left and right sides
On the ventilative mulch film containing air-vent, keep the distance between ventilative mulch film to be 35cm, finally provide nutritive water for every plant of cutting；
A diameter of 8mm of described air-vent, distribution density are 12/m2；The frequency of described offer nutritive water is：To sprouting after overlay film
Per 2.5 days/time before bud, to 5 days/time before result after rudiment, as a result after to plucking first 4.5 days/time.
Embodiment 4：
1. early-stage preparations
The preparation of base manure：By 270g bacterium rod waste residues, 590g Chicken dungs, 125g wormcasts, 230g soybean residues, 67g Brown algaes,
103g Concha Ostreae powder, 57g papermaking nights and 94g starch acrylamide acid resin mix homogeneously, exposure 3.5 days add 800g water and 7g ferment
Mother, sealing and fermenting 71 days, dries 42h at 44 DEG C, crushes 20 mesh sieves, obtains base manure finished product after deodorization.
The preparation of nutritive water：By potassium dihydrogen phosphate that 165mL mass fractions are 0.18% and 30mL mass fractions it is
0.012% sodium chloride solution stirs the nutritive water that be obtained.
2. a kind of implantation methods of amur grape, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is disinfected：Half viscosity, half sandy soil for selecting pH to be 5.7, ploughs deeply 39cm, and per mu sprays sterilization
Agent 146L, then covers heat absorption thin film in soil surface, takes off film after closed 16 days；
(2) arrangement in seedbed：Smooth at intervals of 141cm on soil, depth is 69cm, and gully of the width for 90cm exposes
Shine 13 days, insert the rotten leaveves of 5.5cm in gully, then by base manure and backfill by weight 20:Backfill after 1.5 mixing
To in gully, with the consumption of 163L/ mus to soil shower water after sinking 18 days naturally, then to the height of spreading of gully position it is
The base manure of 4.2cm, last covered soil make 19cm above ground level, seedbed of the width for 83cm；
(3) cutting plantation：1 year amur grape branch that branch is sturdy, eye is full is chosen, and length is cut into for the slotting of 8cm
Bar, wherein goes up clip and is cut into flat mouth at eye 3.5cm, seal flat mouth, and lower clip is cut in 54 ° at eye 0.8cm
Angle, cutting mass fraction are the shitosan salicylate aqueous solution soaking 18 hours of 285ppm, and cuttage is in seedbed；It is described
Cutting include female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type grape cutting；Described female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type
The ratio of grape cutting is 7：1；
(4) rich water quality management：Water after plantation once, keep ground moistening, then be covered each by cutting root arranged on left and right sides
On the ventilative mulch film containing air-vent, keep the distance between ventilative mulch film to be 30cm, finally provide nutritive water for every plant of cutting；
A diameter of 9mm of described air-vent, distribution density are 13/m2；The frequency of described offer nutritive water is：To sprouting after overlay film
Per 2 days/time before bud, to 5.5 days/time before result after rudiment, as a result after to plucking first 5.5 days/time.
Embodiment 5：
1. early-stage preparations
The preparation of base manure：By 274g bacterium rod waste residues, 588g Chicken dungs, 135g wormcasts, 220g soybean residues, 69g Brown algaes,
114g Concha Ostreae powder, 70g papermaking nights and 62g starch acrylamide acid resin mix homogeneously, exposure 2.5 days add 900g water and 14g ferment
Mother, sealing and fermenting 75 days, dries 45h at 47 DEG C, crushes 20 mesh sieves, obtains base manure finished product after deodorization.
The preparation of nutritive water：By potassium dihydrogen phosphate that 165mL mass fractions are 0.22% and 15mL mass fractions it is
0.014% sodium chloride solution stirs the nutritive water that be obtained.
2. a kind of implantation methods of amur grape, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is disinfected：Half viscosity, half sandy soil for selecting pH to be 6.2, ploughs deeply 36cm, and per mu sprays sterilization
Agent 173L, then covers heat absorption thin film in soil surface, takes off film after closed 18 days；
(2) arrangement in seedbed：Smooth at intervals of 127cm on soil, depth is 75cm, and gully of the width for 95cm exposes
Shine 13.5 days, insert the rotten leaveves of 4.3cm in gully, then by base manure and backfill by weight 20:Backfill after 2 mixing
To in gully, with the consumption of 167L/ mus to soil shower water after sinking 17 days naturally, then to the height of spreading of gully position it is
The base manure of 4.5cm, last covered soil make 17cm above ground level, seedbed of the width for 82cm；
(3) cutting plantation：1.5 years amur grape branches that branch is sturdy, eye is full are chosen, and length are cut into for 10cm's
Cutting, wherein goes up clip and is cut into flat mouth at eye 3.5cm, seal flat mouth, and lower clip is cut in 56 ° at eye 0.7cm
Into angle, cutting mass fraction is that the shitosan naphthalene acetic acid saline solution of 200ppm soaks 21 hours, and cuttage is in seedbed；Institute
The cutting stated includes female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type grape cutting；Described female amur grape cutting is wild with male
The ratio of raw grape cutting is 7：1；
(4) rich water quality management：Water after plantation once, keep ground moistening, then be covered each by cutting root arranged on left and right sides
On the ventilative mulch film containing air-vent, keep the distance between ventilative mulch film to be 40cm, finally provide nutritive water for every plant of cutting；
A diameter of 10mm of described air-vent, distribution density are 15/m2；The frequency of described offer nutritive water is：After overlay film extremely
Per 3 days/time before rudiment, to 6 days/time before result after rudiment, as a result after to plucking first 6 days/time.
Embodiment 6：
1. early-stage preparations
The preparation of base manure：By 300g bacterium rod waste residues, 600g Chicken dungs, 150g wormcasts, 300g soybean residues, 80g Brown algaes,
120g Concha Ostreae powder, 80g papermaking nights and 100g starch acrylamide acid resin mix homogeneously, exposure 4 days add 1000g water and 20g ferment
Mother, sealing and fermenting 80 days, dries 48h at 50 DEG C, crushes 20 mesh sieves, obtains base manure finished product after deodorization.
The preparation of nutritive water：By potassium dihydrogen phosphate that 200mL mass fractions are 0.3% and 50mL mass fractions it is
0.02% sodium chloride solution stirs the nutritive water that be obtained.
2. a kind of implantation methods of amur grape, comprise the following steps：
(1) soil is disinfected：Half viscosity, half sandy soil for selecting pH to be 6.5, ploughs deeply 40cm, and per mu sprays sterilization
Agent 200L, then covers heat absorption thin film in soil surface, takes off film after closed 20 days；
(2) arrangement in seedbed：Smooth at intervals of 150cm on soil, depth is 80cm, and gully of the width for 100cm exposes
Shine 15 days, insert the rotten leaveves of 6cm in gully, then by base manure and backfill by weight 20:Ditch is backfilling into after 3 mixing
In gully, with the consumption of 200L/ mus to soil shower water after sinking 20 days naturally, then it is 5cm's to the height of spreading of gully position
Base manure, last covered soil make 20cm above ground level, seedbed of the width for 90cm；
(3) cutting plantation：2 years amur grape branches that branch is sturdy, eye is full are chosen, and length are cut into for the slotting of 12cm
Bar, wherein goes up clip and is cut into flat mouth at eye 4cm, seal flat mouth, and lower clip is cut into tiltedly in 60 ° at eye 1cm
Mouthful, cutting mass fraction is the shitosan salicylate aqueous solution soaking 26 hours of 300ppm, and cuttage is in seedbed；Described
Cutting includes female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type grape cutting；Described female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type Portugal
The ratio of grape cutting is 8：1；
(4) rich water quality management：Water after plantation once, keep ground moistening, then be covered each by cutting root arranged on left and right sides
On the ventilative mulch film containing air-vent, keep the distance between ventilative mulch film to be 33cm, finally provide nutritive water for every plant of cutting；
A diameter of 10mm of described air-vent, distribution density are 14/m2；The frequency of described offer nutritive water is：After overlay film extremely
Per 3 days/time before rudiment, to 6 days/time before result after rudiment, as a result after to plucking first 6 days/time.
Comparative example 1：Concrete steps are substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is：The base manure applied by step (1) is city
The Stanley board organic fertilizer that face is sold；
Comparative example 2：Concrete steps are substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is：Do not soaked using physiological regulation agent；
Comparative example 3：Concrete steps are substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is：The general Seedling adopted by step (2)
The method for sorting of bed.
Contrast test 1：
According to comparative example 1-3 and the implantation methods of embodiment 1-6, on soil, once 10000 plants of property plantation is wild respectively
Fructus Vitis viniferae, is not filled the gaps with seedlings later, is then calculated the survival rate of amur grape according to the The dead quantity of amur grape, records wild Portugal
In grape growth course, the time of grape cutting germination, is harvested after amur grape is planted 120 days, calculates the mu of amur grape
Yield, all the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1：
The result of table 1 shows：Grape cutting germinating time is shorter, illustrates that planting technology of the present invention is more effective, grape cutting
Germinating time is arranged as from low to high：Embodiment 3<Embodiment 4<Embodiment 5=embodiment 6<Embodiment 1<Embodiment 6<Contrast
Example 1<Comparative example 2=comparative example 3；
Amur grape survival rate is higher, illustrates that implantation methods are more effective, and amur grape survival rate is arranged as from high to low：It is real
Apply example 3>Embodiment 4>Embodiment 1>Embodiment 6>Embodiment 2>Embodiment 5>Comparative example 1>Comparative example 2>Comparative example 3；
Amur grape yield is higher, illustrates that planting technology is better, and amur grape yield is arranged as from high to low：Embodiment 3>
Embodiment 4>Embodiment 5>Embodiment 1>Embodiment 2>Embodiment 6>Comparative example 2>Comparative example 1>Comparative example 3.
Described above is the detailed description for preferably possible embodiments of the invention, but embodiment is not limited to this
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention or modification change, all should belong to
In the covered the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of implantation methods of amur grape, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) arrangement in seedbed：Smooth at intervals of 100-150cm on soil, depth is 60-80cm, and width is 80-100cm's
The rotten leaveves of 4-6cm are inserted in gully, exposure 10-15 days in gully, then by base manure and backfill by weight 20:1-3
It is backfilling into after mixing in gully, with the consumption of 100-200L/ mus to soil shower water after natural sinking 15-20 days, then to gully
In spread base manure of the height for 3-5cm, last covered soil makes 15-20cm above ground level, seedbed of the width for 70-90cm；
(2) cutting plantation：The 1-2 amur grape branches that branch is sturdy, eye is full are chosen, and length are cut into for the slotting of 6-12cm
Bar, wherein goes up clip and is cut into flat mouth at eye 2.5-4cm, seals flat mouth, lower clip at eye 0.5-1cm, in 50-
60OAngle is cut into, after cutting is with growth conditioning agent immersion 16-26 hours, cuttage is in seedbed；
(3) rich water quality management：Water once after cutting plantation, keep ground moistening, then be covered each by cutting root arranged on left and right sides
On the ventilative mulch film containing air-vent, keep the distance between ventilative mulch film to be 20-40cm, finally provide nutrition for every plant of cutting
Water；A diameter of 5-10mm of described air-vent, distribution density are 10-15/m2；The frequency of described offer nutritive water is：
It is to rudiment per 2-3 day/time after overlay film, to 4-6 day/time before result after rudiment, as a result rear to before plucking 4-6 day/time.
2. implantation methods of a kind of amur grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Base manure described in step (1)
Prepared by following methods：Count by weight, by 25-30 part bacterium rod waste residues, 50-60 part Chicken dungs, 10-15 part wormcasts,
20-30 part soybean residues, 6-8 part Brown algaes, 10-12 part Concha Ostreae powder, 3-8 part papermaking nights and 5-10 part water-absorbing resin mix homogeneously,
Exposure 2-4 days, adds 50-100 parts water and 0.5-2 part yeast, sealing and fermenting 60-80 days, dries 36-48h at 40-50 DEG C,
20 mesh sieves were crushed, base manure finished product after deodorization, was obtained.
3. implantation methods of a kind of amur grape according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described water-absorbing resin is shallow lake
Powder acrylic resin.
4. implantation methods of a kind of amur grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Growth described in step (2)
Conditioner is the shell that the shitosan naphthalene acetic acid saline solution or mass fraction that mass fraction is 100-200ppm is 150-300ppm
Polysaccharide salicylate aqueous solution.
5. implantation methods of a kind of amur grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cutting described in step (2)
Including female amur grape cutting and Male wild-type grape cutting；Described female amur grape cutting is inserted with Male wild-type Fructus Vitis viniferae
The ratio of bar is 5-8：1.
6. implantation methods of a kind of amur grape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Nutrition described in step (3)
It is 0.01- for the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10-50mL mass fractions of 0.1-0.3% that water is 150-200mL mass fractions
The mixture that 0.02% sodium chloride solution is mixed.
7. implantation methods of a kind of amur grape according to claim 1-6 any one, it is characterised in that：In seedbed
Also include disinfecting for soil before arranging step：Half viscosity, half sandy soil for selecting pH to be 5.0-6.5, ploughs deeply 35-40cm,
Per mu sprays antibacterial 100-200L, then covers heat absorption thin film in soil surface, takes off film after closed 15-20 days.
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| CN107318579A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-11-07 | 松桃苗族自治县继梅养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of grape |
| CN107820977A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-23 | 桂林国农生态农业有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of Pingyue County's stone precipice tea |
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| CN107969270A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-01 | 桂林国农生态农业有限公司 | A kind of red implantation methods carried of resource |
| CN107969271A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-01 | 广西荔浦安吉利木业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Guanyang pyrus nivalis |
| CN107980447A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-04 | 桂林国农生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Pingyue County's stone precipice tea |
| CN108967088A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-11 | 王哲 | A kind of implantation methods of wild rhizoma polygonati |
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