JP5489106B2 - Tomato cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating tomatoes.

  By placing a small amount of medium in multiple cultivation trays and supplying nutrient solution and water to each medium planted with tomato seedlings, it is possible to greatly reduce the cost of equipment and reduce daily fertilizer costs Therefore, a method for cultivating tomatoes inexpensively without reducing the quality and yield of one tomato is disclosed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1.)

  In addition, it is disclosed that tomatoes with improved sugar content can be harvested if nutrient solution management and moisture management are appropriately performed using a small pot. (For example, see Patent Document 2.)

JP 2007-306849 A JP-A-10-28476

  In the cultivation method of tomatoes using the container for cultivation as described in Patent Document 1 and a small pot as described in Patent Document 2, the growth of the main root is limited because the amount of the medium is small, There was a problem that the yield of one tomato was limited compared to soil cultivation in the open ground.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, Comprising: It aims at providing the cheap cultivation method of a tomato which improves the sugar content and flavor of a tomato, and also improves the yield of a tomato.

  Such an object is achieved by the present inventions (1) to (14) below.

  (1) (a) On the ground surface including the cultivated soil, a step of arranging a plurality of cultivation containers provided with bottoms having roots in the longitudinal direction so that the end portions are in contact with each other, and arranging in a plurality of rows; (B) a step of arranging a liquid fertilizer supply system including a liquid fertilizer tank, a pressurizing pump, a flow rate adjusting valve, and a liquid fertilizer supply pipe having a plurality of liquid fertilizer supply holes; and (c) each row arranged in a plurality of rows. A step of arranging and fixing one liquid fertilizer supply pipe one by one in parallel to the longitudinal direction on the end side wall upper portion of the cultivation container arranged in the longitudinal direction; and (d) a step of filling a culture medium in each of the cultivation containers And (e) a step of planting at least one tomato seedling in each of the cultivation containers filled with the medium, and a method for cultivating tomatoes.

  (2) Further, (f) a step of adding brown sugar to water to obtain a 30-40% by weight brown sugar aqueous solution, and (g) a step of adding 1-3 parts by weight of Saccharomyces yeast to 100 parts by weight of the brown sugar aqueous solution. And (h) stirring and fermenting Saccharomyces yeast, and (i) adding 2 to 4 parts by mass of rebaudioside A within a period during which the Saccharomyces yeast is fermenting; (L) A step of diluting the stock solution with water 500-1000 times to obtain a diluted liquid fertilizer during the period in which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting, using the tomato sugar content improving liquid fertilizer as a stock solution, and (m) dilution Supplying the liquid fertilizer evenly from the liquid fertilizer supply hole of the liquid fertilizer supply pipe to each of the cultivation containers in which the tomato seedlings are planted in a period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermented. Including Tomato method cultivated according to (1) a.

  (3) The bottom portion having rooting property includes a nonwoven fabric arranged inside the bottom portion of the cultivation container provided with a plurality of holes in the bottom portion or a nonwoven fabric arranged at the bottom portion of the cultivation container without the bottom ( The cultivation method of the tomato as described in 1) or (2).

  (4) Any of (1) to (3), wherein the liquid fertilizer supply pipe is fixed to the cultivation container by fitting with a notch provided at the upper end side wall of the cultivation container and / or a fastener. The cultivation method of the tomato of crab.

(5) medium comprises water holding capacity, a first culture strata 5cm or more thick made of a material having high coercive fertilizer force, and a second culture strata 3cm or thicker dispersed pumice in peat moss is in layers The cultivation method of the tomato in any one of (1)-(4) characterized by the above-mentioned.

(6) water holding capacity of the first culture formation, a material having a high coercive fertilizer force, red clay, akadama, bentonite, either characterized in that it comprises at least one or more of montmorillonite (1) to (5) The cultivation method of tomato as described in 2.

(7) In the second culture formation, and the content of pumice dispersed in peat moss is 10 to 30 mass% (1) Tomato method cultivation of any one of - (6).

(8) in the uppermost layer of container medium, characterized in that it further comprises a third culture formation of the zeolite over 3cm thick (1) Tomato method cultivation of any one of (1) to (7).

  (9) The yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is one or more selected from the group of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus, Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, Saccharomyces pastorianus, Saccharomyces salmon, Saccharomyces ellipsoidus The sugar content improvement liquid manure of tomato as described in any one of (1)-(8).

  (10) The method for cultivating tomatoes according to any one of (2) to (9), wherein the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is any one of baker's yeast, beer yeast and wine yeast.

  (11) In the step of (g), at least of protease active fruit juices obtained by squeezing each of fruit containing papaya, pineapple, mango, melon, fig, and kiwi fruit with respect to 100 parts by volume of brown sugar aqueous solution The method for cultivating tomatoes according to any one of (2) to (10), further comprising adding 5 to 10 parts by volume of one or more kinds.

  (12) Following the step of (i), (j) Sucrose extract of sardines, tuna, bonito, horse mackerel, and mackerel with respect to 100 parts by volume of the brown sugar aqueous solution within a period during which yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting A step of adding 30 to 60 parts by volume of at least one of the above, and the method for cultivating tomatoes according to any one of (2) to (11).

  (13) Next to the step (j), (k) 20 to 30 parts by mass of new tomato leaves are added to 100 parts by mass of the brown sugar aqueous solution within a period during which yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting. And a step of mixing and filtering. The method for cultivating tomatoes according to (12), characterized by comprising:

  (14) Any one of (1) to (13), wherein the entire surface is covered with a non-water-permeable, non-breathable sheet, and the part corresponding to the bottom of each sheet cultivation container is rooted. The cultivation method of the tomato of crab.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an inexpensive tomato cultivation method that improves the sugar content and flavor of tomatoes and also improves the yield of tomatoes.

It is the perspective view which showed typically the cultivation container part in the cultivation method of the tomato which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the top view which showed typically the liquid fertilizer supply system in the cultivation method of the tomato which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is sectional drawing which showed typically the growth condition of the tomato root in the culture medium in the cultivation container arrange | positioned on the ground surface in the cultivation method of the tomato which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an external appearance photograph which shows the growth condition of the tomato root which concerns on Example 2 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiments”) will be described in detail. The embodiment shown below exemplifies an object or method for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention is not limited to tomatoes, and further includes fruit vegetables and leaf vegetables. The present invention can be applied to vegetables and fruit trees, and the types of constituent materials and constituent conditions are not specified as follows. The technical idea of the present invention can be variously modified within the technical scope described in the claims.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a cultivation container portion in the tomato cultivation method according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view schematically showing a liquid fertilizer supply system in the tomato cultivation method according to the embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, (a) a plurality of cultivation containers 10 having bottoms 12 having rooting properties are arranged in the longitudinal direction on the ground surface including the cultivated soil 4 so that the ends are in contact with each other. The liquid fertilizer supply system 50 including the step of arranging a plurality of rows, (b) the liquid fertilizer tank 1, the pressurizing pump 2, the flow rate adjusting valve 3, and the liquid fertilizer supply pipe 20 provided with the plurality of liquid fertilizer supply holes 21 is disposed. A step of (c) arranging and fixing one liquid fertilizer supply pipe 20 one by one parallel to the longitudinal direction on the end side wall upper portion of the cultivation container 10 arranged in the longitudinal direction of each row arranged in a plurality of rows; , (D) filling each of the cultivation containers 10 with the medium 30, and (e) placing at least one tomato seedling 5 in each cultivation container 10 filled with the medium 30. .

  The bottom part 12 having roots in the step (a) is composed of a nonwoven fabric arranged inside the bottom part of the cultivation container 10 provided with a plurality of holes in the bottom part or a nonwoven cloth arranged at the bottom part of the cultivation container 10 without a bottom. can do. A plurality of cultivation containers 10 having no bottom may be arranged on the cultivation soil 4 by laying a nonwoven fabric. The nonwoven fabric is preferably made of polyethylene or polypropylene.

  Plant roots include main roots, fine roots and capillary roots, but when cultivating fruit vegetables and leafy vegetables, it is necessary to promote the development of the main roots in order to promote the growth of seedlings, that is, to increase the yield. It is necessary, and in order to enhance the quality and flavor of the harvest, it is necessary to promote the development and overgrowth of capillary roots.

  By using the cultivation container 10 provided with the bottom 12 having rooting ability, the main root of the planted tomato seedling 5 grown in the culture medium penetrates the bottom of the cultivation container 10 and the ground where the cultivation container 10 is arranged. It will be able to continue to grow well in the soil.

  For the ground, it is possible to use soil containing compost or the like used in soil cultivation in a normal tomato field.

  The liquid fertilizer supply pipe 20 in the steps (b) and (c) is fixed to the cultivation container 10 by fitting with a notch 13 provided at the upper end side wall of the cultivation container 10 and / or a fastener such as a hinge. It is preferable to do. This is to prevent the position of the liquid fertilizer supply hole 21 with respect to each cultivation container 10 from shifting.

  The culture medium 30 filled in the cultivation container 10 is preferably composed of a plurality of layers including a layer made of a material that selectively develops the capillary root of tomato and a layer made of a material that selectively develops the main root.

(D), the medium 30 in the step of (e), as shown in FIG. 3, water retention, the first culture formations 31 of 5cm or more in thickness made of a high coercive fertilizer force material, 10 pumice the peat moss It is preferable and a second culture strata 32 to 30 wt% 3 cm or more thick dispersed in layers.

The first culture formations 31, in order to develop taproot to secure the amount of the medium 30, is preferably not less than 5cm thickness. The second culture formations 32, since capillary roots flourished on the medium 30 surface is nutrients effectively absorb the liquid fertilizer were sprayed, it is preferably not less than 3cm thick.

Water-holding capacity of the first culture stratum 31, as the high coercive fertilizer force material, red clay, akadama, bentonite, may be at least one or more of montmorillonite. Among these, red soil or red ball soil that can be obtained at low cost is preferable.

Peat moss is a fibrous form in which plants such as sphagnum, reed, reed, sedge, magaya, and willow are deposited and dehydrated and pulverized from corroded peat. Pete moss is said to be inexhaustibly buried in Canada, Russia and Northern Europe. In Japan, there are many European peat moss that mainly use sphagnum moss. However, since the surface of the peat moss contains oil and wax, and the water repellency becomes stronger when dried, a medium consisting only of peat moss is difficult to absorb water and has a high drainage. In addition, since peat moss has a high capillary resistance value, it becomes difficult for any of the main roots, fine roots, and capillary roots to develop in peat moss. The second culture formations 32, in order to promote the development of capillary roots to absorb tomato sugar content, a nutrient for improving the flavor, it is preferable that dispersing a material having gas permeability and water absorption in the peat moss.

The second culture formations 32, tomato sugar content, for promoting the development of capillary roots to absorb nutrients to improve the flavor, is obtained by dispersing pumice having gas permeability and water absorption in the peat moss used.

  Pumice rises from the deep underground when magma erupts and is made porous by volatile components such as water that has been decompressed and dissolved in magma, and has water absorption and water retention. Excess water is easily discharged, so it has drainage. In addition, the carbon dioxide generated by the respiration action of the roots is discharged, and the air permeability for supplying oxygen around the roots is also excellent. Pumice is crushed to obtain a uniform particle size.

When the content of pumice in the second culture strata 32 is less than 10 wt%, too good drainage of the second culture formations 32, more than 30% by weight of moisture is too sluggish to the second culture strata 32.

In embodiments of the present invention preferably further comprises a third culture strata zeolite top layer above 3cm thickness of the medium 30.

Since the second culture strata 32 comprising primarily peat moss has low diffusivity of liquids, even if it is sprayed with liquid manure, among second culture formations 32, liquid fertilizer is hard to uniformly distributed in the transverse direction. By disposing the diffusion highly zeolite liquids on the third culture formations 33 of the second culture formations 32, liquid fertilizer were supplied from a liquid fertilizer supply hole 21 to the third culture strata 33 is first sideways in the third culture strata uniformly distributed in the direction, and then the second culture formations 32 of the lower, so continue to penetrate the first culture formations 31, hair rootlets of the second culture formations 32, the absorption of liquid fertilizer from the main roots of the first culture formations 31 It is done efficiently.

  Zeolite, which is an aluminosilicate, is a porous material and has excellent adsorptivity and water absorption. In addition, since cations can be easily replaced with other cations in an aqueous solution, zeolite has a high ion exchange capacity, that is, a high CEC (base substitution capacity). Natural zeolites with more than 150 CEC are available. Artificial zeolites show 180-400 CEC, synthetic zeolites show 400-600 CEC, but these are expensive.

The third culture formation of the zeolite, from the viewpoint of maintaining the uniformity of the thickness is preferably not less than 3cm thick.

  The cultivation method of tomatoes in the embodiment of the present invention further includes (f) a step of adding black sugar to water to obtain a 30-40 mass% brown sugar aqueous solution, and (g) 100 mass parts of the brown sugar aqueous solution, 1-3 mass. Adding a portion of Saccharomyces yeast, (h) stirring to ferment the Saccharomyces yeast, and (i) 2-4 parts by weight of the Saccharomyces yeast during the period of fermentation. Step of adding baudioside A, (l) Diluted liquid fertilizer by diluting the stock solution with water 500-1000 times during the period when yeast of Saccharomyces spp. And (m) the liquid fertilizer supply pipe 20 by the liquid fertilizer supply system 50 to each of the cultivation containers 10 in which the tomato seedlings 5 are planted within the period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces of the diluted liquid fertilizer is fermented. Evenly from liquid manure supply hole 21 and a step for supplying a liquid fertilizer, a.

  Since about 80% of brown sugar is sucrose and the solubility of sucrose in water is about 67% by mass at 25 ° C., a 30-40% by mass brown sugar aqueous solution in the step (f) can be easily obtained at room temperature.

  Brown sugar includes minerals such as Ca, P, Fe, Na, K, and Mg, a small amount of protein, vitamin B group and the like in addition to sucrose as a main component. These vitamins act as coenzymes during fermentation, and minerals combine with proteins to form complexes.

  In the step (g), 1 to 3 parts by mass of Saccharomyces yeast is added to the brown sugar aqueous solution with respect to 100 parts by weight of the brown sugar aqueous solution. However, the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is rapidly proliferated and decomposed into various substances by using harmful bacteria, organic substances and trace substances in the air present in the protein-degrading brown sugar aqueous solution as feed. Disaccharide sucrose, which is the main sugar component of brown sugar, decomposes and produces monosaccharides glucose and fructose, and organic substances decompose and produce high-quality various amino acids, vitamins, nucleic acids, minerals, hormones, fatty acids and the like.

  Yeast is a general term for single-cell ascomycetes that proliferate by budding, and when it grows, it produces various substances useful as fertilizer in the cells and secretes some of them outside the cells. Yeasts used for brewing are mainly yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a strong alcohol fermenting power and is used for brewing alcoholic beverages such as beer and wine in addition to bread fermentation. In addition to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces pastorianus, Saccharomyces bayanus, and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis are also included in brewer's yeast. Saccharomyces salmon has a strong fermentative ability at low temperatures and is said to be sake yeast. Saccharomyces ellipsoidus is a yeast that lives on the surface of fruits and is used to brew wine.

  However, not only disaccharide sucrose, which is the main component of brown sugar, but also glucose and fructose, which are monosaccharides decomposed and produced from sucrose by fermentation and growth of Saccharomyces yeast, are easily absorbed from tomato capillary roots. It is empirically known not to be. Various amino acids, vitamins, nucleic acids, minerals, hormones, fatty acids and the like that are re-synthesized are easily absorbed from the tomato capillary roots.

  In other words, brown sugar does not directly contribute to improving the sugar content of tomatoes.

  Although the solubility of sucrose in water is about 67% by mass at 25 ° C., yeast of the genus Saccharomyces grows more than 500 times the amount added in the aqueous solution of brown sugar, so the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces in the aqueous solution of brown sugar 1 to 3 parts by mass is sufficient with respect to 100 parts by mass of the brown sugar aqueous solution. If the amount of brown sugar added in the brown sugar aqueous solution is less than 30% by mass relative to the amount of yeast of 1 to 3 parts by mass of Saccharomyces, the fermentation period is too short, and the amount of brown sugar added to the black sugar aqueous solution is 40% by mass. If it exceeds, it takes too much time for the whole to ferment. Even if the yeast of Saccharomyces is added in excess of 3 parts by mass, the fermentation efficiency is not particularly increased and only increases the cost.

  In the case of using any of baker's yeast, brewer's yeast and wine yeast as yeast of the genus Saccharomyces added in the step (g), a yeast extract obtained by extracting yeast components without drying is used to grow live yeast. preferable.

  In the step (i), 2 to 4 parts by mass of rebaudioside A that directly contributes to the improvement of sugar content of tomato is added to 100 parts by mass of the brown sugar aqueous solution to the brown sugar aqueous solution in a fermentation state by Saccharomyces yeast.

  Rebaudioside A has the highest quality sweetness closest to sugar among the sweetening components extracted from the leaves of Stevia, which is a perennial of the asteraceae Stevia genus, and the sweetness is said to be 450 times that of sugar.

  When the present inventors add rebaudioside A to a brown sugar aqueous solution fermented by Saccharomyces yeast and use it as liquid fertilizer, rebaudioside A directly contributes to an increase in sugar content of tomato, It has been found that rebaudioside A is easily absorbed from the tomato capillary roots.

The sugar content of tomato can be measured with a commercially available sugar meter, but the sugar content of tomato measured with a sugar clock is not proportional to the sweetness of a human tongue. That is, the sugar content of tomatoes cultivated without applying any means for improving sweetness in a normal outdoor field is around 5, and the sweetness increases as the sugar content increases, but when the sugar content exceeds 13, the human tongue is no longer You don't feel that the sweetness is getting higher.

  In addition, when the sugar content of tomato is too high, the flavor, which is a human sensation different from sweetness, is lowered. Therefore, the amount of rebaudioside A added is 2 to 4 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the brown sugar aqueous solution. Is preferable. If it is the range of this addition amount, the tomato of sugar content 8-13 will be obtained over the whole period of a harvest.

  There are many microorganisms that are harmful bacteria that cause root rot in the soil, so in order to grow actinomycetes with strong bactericidal and antibacterial power against these bad bacteria, yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces are fermented. It is preferable to apply the diluted solution fertilizer to the medium or the soil within a certain period, that is, within a period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is alive and growing.

  In the step (g), at least one or more protease-active fruit juices obtained by squeezing each of the fruit containing papaya, pineapple, mango, melon, fig, and kiwifruit with respect to 100 parts by volume of the brown sugar aqueous solution It is preferable to further add 5 to 10 parts by volume.

  Protease is an enzyme that has the function of hydrolyzing proteins and converting them into several amino acids called peptides, and has the effect of promoting fermentation of Saccharomyces yeasts. Papaya contains a variety of different proteases such as papain and pineapple, such as bromelin, but papaya, pineapple, mango, and melon juice are preferred from the viewpoint of activation temperature. When the added amount of the protease active enzyme is 5 to 10 parts by volume, an appropriate improvement effect of the tomato flavor can be obtained.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, after step (h), as step (i), sardines, tuna, bonito, aji, are added to 100 parts by volume of the brown sugar aqueous solution within the period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting. And 30 to 60 parts by volume of at least one of mackerel fish extracts.

  The fish extract is a product obtained by boiling fish and squeezing and removing oil and moisture and drying the remainder, and contains about 70% by mass of crude protein. As a fertilizer, it shows a fertilization effect close to that of a fast-acting fertilizer, and also has a high effect of soil agglomeration and residual strength.

  Fish extracts are rich in vitamins and minerals in addition to crude protein as the main ingredient. If the amount of fish extract added to the brown sugar aqueous solution exceeds 60 parts by volume, the smell of fish remains in the tomatoes, and if it is less than 30 parts by volume, the tomato flavor is not improved. Moreover, when the addition amount of a fish extract exceeds 60 volume parts, the elasticity of a tomato skin will become strong too much, and the tendency for the texture to become firm will appear.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, following step (i), as a step (j), new tomato leaves 20 to 30 are added to 100 parts by mass of brown sugar aqueous solution within a period in which yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting. And adding a mass part, mixing and filtering.

  New tomato leaves contain plant active substances such as sugars, organic acids, hormones, vitamins and enzymes, and also contain active substances with strong bactericidal and antibacterial properties. The components of the new tomato leaves contained in the diluted fertilizer increase the growth, yield and quality of the tomatoes and also prevent the growth of bad bacteria and microorganisms in the soil.

  The effect of addition of new tomato leaves is recognized from 20 parts by mass, and the larger the addition amount, the better. However, if it is less than 30 parts by mass, it does not become a factor that increases the processing cost.

  Since there are many microorganisms that are harmful bacteria that cause root rot in the medium, fermentation of Saccharomyces yeast progresses in order to grow actinomycetes with strong bactericidal and antibacterial power against these bad bacteria. It is preferable to supply the diluted liquid fertilizer to the medium 30 during the period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is alive and growing.

  The embodiment of the present invention further includes (l) a tomato sugar content-enhancing liquid fertilizer as a stock solution, and dilute liquid fertilizer by diluting the stock solution 500 to 1000 times with water within a period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting. And (m) the liquid fertilizer of the liquid fertilizer supply pipe 20 by the liquid fertilizer supply system 50 to each of the cultivation containers 10 in which the tomato seedlings 5 are planted in a period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces of the diluted liquid fertilizer is fermented. And supplying the liquid fertilizer uniformly from the supply hole 21.

  By supplying this diluted liquid fertilizer to the culture medium 30 of the cultivation container 10 in which the tomato seedlings 5 are planted, rebaudioside A and various high-quality amino acids, vitamins and nucleic acids derived from brown sugar under fermentation of Saccharomyces yeast , Minerals, hormones, fatty acids and the like can be efficiently absorbed from the tomato capillary roots, and tomatoes having a preferable sugar content and excellent flavor can be grown.

  The dilution liquid fertilizer is supplied to the medium 30 during the period in which the fermentation and growth of the yeast of the Saccharomyces genus is in progress, because the fermentation of the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces stops and the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is supplied. This is because in the dead state, there is no action against bacteria and microorganisms in the soil.

  The liquid fertilizer supply system 50 according to the present invention is preferably installed in a house and operated under the control of sunshine hours and humidity (when compost soil is exposed, the water evaporates from the ground surface. Although the humidity in the house fluctuates, it is necessary to introduce an air conditioner in order to keep the humidity in the entire house constant, which increases the cost. If it is covered with a non-water-permeable, non-breathable sheet and the part corresponding to the bottom of each of the sheet cultivation containers 10 is rooted, the evaporation of moisture from the ground surface is suppressed, and the humidity in the house is kept constant at a low cost. Can keep.

  Since the liquid fertilizer according to the present invention does not contain chemical fertilizers, there is no adverse effect on the environment.

Inner dimensions width 25 cm, placed on the ground compost soil length 60cm, commercial planter depth 20cm as cultivation vessel 10, the first culture stratum 31 composed of akadama small particle size 1.7~6mm as medium 30 was charged to a thickness of 10 cm, the peat moss thereon, it was charged with second culture strata 32 having dispersed pumice 20 wt% to a thickness of 3 cm. In this medium 30, 4 cherry tomato seedlings grown separately from the cherry tomato seed were planted at regular intervals of 13 cm at the center of the width.

Example 1
As the cultivation container 10, a commercially available planter having an internal dimension of 25 cm in width, 60 cm in length, and 20 cm in depth was used as it was.

  9 kg of brown sugar is added to 15 liters of water to prepare a 37.5% by weight brown sugar aqueous solution, 450 g of brewer's yeast extract is added thereto and mixed, and the brewer's yeast is fermented while stirring at room temperature to obtain a fermented brown sugar aqueous solution. Obtained. From the preliminary trial production, it was found that the brewer's yeast started fermentation about 1 week after the start of stirring, and the fermentation continued for about 2 weeks.

  When the fermentation of brewer's yeast started, 750 g of commercially available rebaudioside A was added to the fermented brown sugar aqueous solution to obtain a tomato sugar content improving liquid fertilizer solution. The tomato sugar content improving liquid fertilizer was diluted 500 times with water to obtain a tomato sugar content improving diluted liquid fertilizer.

  The diluted liquid fertilizer was supplied to the surface of the culture medium 30 in the 1 liter / time / day cultivation container 10 for 14 days during which fermentation of brewer's yeast continued.

  New preparation and application of the same diluted liquid fertilizer were repeated at a cycle of 14 days, and cherry tomatoes were harvested for 30 days after the start of harvesting of the first stage fruit bunches, and the sugar content was measured with a saccharimeter and the total yield was measured.

(Example 2)
As the cultivation container 10, Example 1 except that the bottom of a commercially available planter having an internal dimension of 25 cm in width, 60 cm in length, and 20 cm in depth is cut out and a polypropylene nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 2 mm is used instead. Similarly, cherry tomatoes were harvested for 30 days after the start of harvesting of the first stage bunches, and the sugar content was measured with a saccharimeter and the total yield was measured.

(Example 3)
60 inner containers having a width of 25 cm, a length of 60 cm, and a depth of 20 cm having a polypropylene nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 2 mm at the bottom as in Example 2 are connected in the longitudinal direction in the manner shown in FIG. These were arranged on the ground surface of compost soil in 10 rows at 1.5 m intervals. Each culture vessel 10, filled with a first culture stratum 31 composed of akadama small particle size 1.7~6mm as medium 30 to a thickness of 10 cm, the peat moss thereon, pumice were dispersed 15 mass% He was charged with second culture strata 32 to a thickness of 3 cm. In the culture medium 30 of each cultivation vessel 10, 4 cherry tomato seedlings separately grown from the cherry tomato seed were planted at regular intervals of 13 cm in the center of the width.

  The 500-fold diluted liquid fertilizer prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 is placed in the liquid fertilizer tank 1, and while adjusting the flow rate with the pressurizing pump 2 and the flow rate adjusting valve 3, the fermentation of brewer's yeast continues for 14 days. The liquid fertilizer supply pipe 20 was supplied from the liquid fertilizer supply hole 21 to the surface of the culture medium 30 in each cultivation container 10 at 1 liter / time / day.

  Repeat the new preparation and supply of the same 500-fold diluted fertilizer every 14 days. Harvest cherry tomatoes for 30 days after the start of harvesting of the first stage fruit bunches. went.

  FIG. 5 is an appearance photograph of Example 2 in which cherry tomato seedlings were extracted from the planter on the 30th day after planting, the medium and capillary roots were removed, and the growth of the main roots was observed. It can be seen that the main root is well developed through the polypropylene nonwoven fabric provided at the bottom of the planter.

From Examples 1 to 3, the following results were obtained as shown in Table 1.
(I) In any of Examples 1 to 3, it was possible to harvest up to six-stage florets in 30 days from the start of harvesting of the first-stage florets.
(B) Compared with Example 1 in which the development of the main root is blocked at the bottom of the planter, the example in which the main root is sufficiently developed in the compost soil through the non-woven fabric replaced by removing the bottom of the planter In No. 2, the harvested cherry tomatoes had a slightly lower sugar content, but the yield increased by about 17% in terms of the total weight.
(C) The weight per harvested cherry tomato was 14.9 g in Example 1 and 15.4 g in Example 2.
(D) In Example 3 in which Example 2 was scaled up and 60 planters × 10 columns in total were placed on the ground surface, the sugar content of the harvested tomatoes was the same as in Example 2, and the yield was as in Example 2. The result was more than 600 times the yield.
(E) In Example 3, an expensive computer system is not introduced to periodically supply the diluted liquid fertilizer in an equivalent amount to all 600 planters. Nevertheless, the fact that the total yield exceeding 600 times the yield of Example 2 was obtained in Example 3 suggests that the liquid fertilizer supply system 50 according to the present invention is inexpensive and extremely practical. Is.

  In the above examples, brewer's yeast was used as the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces. It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by using one or a plurality of yeasts selected from the group.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using embodiment, it cannot be overemphasized that the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in the said embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications or improvements can be added to the above-described embodiments. Further, it is apparent from the scope of the claims that the embodiments added with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  Since the tomato cultivation method according to the present invention makes it possible to mass-produce tomatoes excellent in sugar content and flavor of tomatoes at a low yield and at a low yield, the industrial applicability is extremely high.

1 Liquid fertilizer tank 2 Pressure pump 3 Flow rate adjustment valve
4 cultivated soil 5 Tomato seedlings 10 grow container 11-out bottom 13 notches having sidewalls 12 Connectivity guts 20 liquid fertilizer supply pipe 21 liquid fertilizer supply holes 30 medium 31 first culture formations 32 second culture formations 41 main roots 42 rootlets 43 KeHosone 50 liquid fertilizer Supply system

Claims (9)

(A) On the ground surface including the cultivated soil in the house, a step of arranging a plurality of cultivation containers with bottoms having roots in the longitudinal direction so that the ends are in contact with each other, and arranging in a plurality of rows;
(B) a step of arranging a liquid fertilizer supply system including a liquid fertilizer tank, a pressure pump, a flow rate adjustment valve, and a liquid fertilizer supply pipe having a plurality of liquid fertilizer supply holes;
(C) A step of arranging and fixing one liquid fertilizer supply pipe one by one parallel to the longitudinal direction on the end side wall upper portion of the cultivation container arranged in the longitudinal direction in each row arranged in the plurality of rows;
(D) filling each of the cultivation containers with a medium;
(E) planting at least one or more tomato seedlings in each of the cultivation containers filled with the medium , and
A method for cultivating tomatoes, characterized in that the surface of the cultivating container is covered with at least a non-water-permeable sheet so that the portions corresponding to the bottoms of the cultivation containers are rooted . The bottom portion having rooting property includes a non-woven fabric disposed inside a bottom portion of the cultivation container provided with a plurality of holes in the bottom portion, or a non-woven fabric disposed at the bottom portion of the cultivation container without a bottom. Item 1. A tomato cultivation method according to Item 1 . The tomato according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid fertilizer supply pipe is fixed to the cultivation container by fitting and / or fastening with a notch provided at an upper end side wall of the cultivation container. Cultivation method. And (f) adding brown sugar to water to obtain a 30-40% by weight brown sugar aqueous solution;
(G) A step of adding 1 to 3 parts by mass of Saccharomyces yeast to 100 parts by mass of the brown sugar aqueous solution;
(H) stirring and fermenting the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces,
(I) adding 2-4 parts by weight of rebaudioside A within a period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting;
(L) During the period when the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting, the liquid fertilizer supply system equally applies liquid fertilizer to each of the cultivation containers in which the tomato seedlings are planted by the liquid fertilizer supply pipe. A process of supplying
The cultivation method of the tomato of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is one or more selected from the group of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus, Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, Saccharomyces pastorianus, Saccharomyces salmon, Saccharomyces ellipsoidus The cultivation method of the tomato of Claim 4 . 6. The method for cultivating tomatoes according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is any one of baker's yeast, beer yeast and wine yeast. In the step (g), at least one of the protease active fruit juices obtained by squeezing each of the fruit containing papaya, pineapple, mango, melon, fig, and kiwifruit with respect to 100 parts by volume of the brown sugar aqueous solution. The tomato cultivation method according to any one of claims 4 to 6 , wherein 5 to 10 parts by volume of seeds or more are further added. Following the step (i), further, (j) during the period in which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermented, sardines, tuna, bonito, horse mackerel, and mackerel fish extracts are added to 100 parts by volume of the brown sugar aqueous solution. The cultivation method of the tomato of any one of Claims 4-7 including the process of adding 30-60 volume parts at least 1 or more of these. Next to the step (j), (k) 20 to 30 parts by mass of new tomato leaves are added to 100 parts by mass of the brown sugar aqueous solution within a period during which the yeast of the genus Saccharomyces is fermenting. The method for cultivating tomatoes according to claim 8 , comprising a step of mixing and filtering.