CN106417105B - A kind of fry rearing method of dead color lip dace - Google Patents
A kind of fry rearing method of dead color lip dace Download PDFInfo
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- CN106417105B CN106417105B CN201610837430.8A CN201610837430A CN106417105B CN 106417105 B CN106417105 B CN 106417105B CN 201610837430 A CN201610837430 A CN 201610837430A CN 106417105 B CN106417105 B CN 106417105B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fry rearing methods of dark-coloured lip dace, comprising the following steps: A, kind fish are fed;B, kind of a fish is selected;C, the kind fish that step B is picked out spawning inducing pool is put into feed;D, the kind fish into spawning inducing pool injects ocyodinic;E, artificial incubation carries out in the environment of being protected from light shading;F, fish-egg in hatchery 80h can incubation of membrane, by absorption in 2-4 days, fry floated flat trip;G, fry obtained in step F is launched, throw-in density: 100000 tails/mu;Release time: morning or dusk shine without direct light, launch the water temperature temperature difference and are less than or equal to 2 DEG C, dispensing pond water is clear water;Launch pond to require: depth of water 60cm-80cm, dissolved oxygen are greater than or equal to 5mg/l, into the configurating filtered facility of discharge outlet, configure aerator in pond;It feeds;H, control and prevention of disease.The seed breeding that dark-coloured lip dace is carried out using this method, can increase substantially the yield and survival rate of seed, to reduce aquaculture cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to onychostoma simus cultural technique field, especially a kind of fry rearing method of dark-coloured lip dace.
Background technique
Dark-coloured lip dace, also known as snoot fish belong to fish Osteichthyes Cypriniformes Cyprinidae lip dace category.Body is more elongated, slightly side
It is flat.Dark-coloured lip fish likes to inhabit in mountain area rivers tributary, is only distributed in Yunnan Province of China Yuanjiang River, the Guangxi Youjiang River and Hongsuihe River.It moves in
Cavern water bottom, moss, algae and canebreak on rock of ingesting.Meat flavour is delicious, is place of production food fish.Body is more elongated, slightly lateral flat.
Head wedge shape.Round blunt is kissed, is protruded forward.The small mastoid process marshalling of cutin on skin is kissed, a laterally wide band is formed.Lower lip is thick, upwards
Inwardly curved, the cutin mastoid region of front is larger, gradually becomes smaller backward, is shrunk to a delta-shaped region to chin portion.Mouth is the next, horizontal
It splits.Kiss long must be approximately equal to a diameter, and bicker must degenerate.Enclose 20-22 pieces of caudal peduncle squama.Anus is far from anal fin starting point, the body of mature individual
It is about 280mm.
The fry of the dark-coloured lip dace of existing artificial breeding comes from local fisherman and fishes fishing, and fingerling source mode is single, fish
Body mechanical damage is more serious, is easy infection water mold and generates stress reaction, survival rate is low.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fry rearing methods of dark-coloured lip dace to be improved using artificial breeding seed
The yield and survival rate of seed.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of fry rearing method of dead color lip dace, comprising the following steps:
A, kind fish investment kind fishpond is fed, kind fishpond is rectangle pond, and depth of water 60cm to 100cm, 17 DEG C of water temperature is extremely
22 DEG C, dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 5mg/l, and water flow meets water per hour and exchanges 2 times;
B, select kind of a fish when to mating period: pearl star is obvious on milter mouth, and appearance is not damaged, no deformity, light to press abdomen energy
Flow out milky sperm, body long 26cm to 32cm, weight 260g to 320g;Raun abdomen expands, is soft, and body surface is not damaged, squama
Piece is complete, gonopore pinkiness, and body is long to be greater than or equal to 40cm, and weight is greater than or equal to 600g;
C, the kind fish that step B is picked out is put into spawning inducing pool to feed, 3 ㎡ of spawning inducing pool occupied area to 4 ㎡, water flow meets
Water at least exchanges 2 times per hour, and 17 DEG C to 22 DEG C of water temperature, dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 5mg/l;
D, the kind fish into spawning inducing pool injects ocyodinic;
E, artificial incubation:
E1, when kind of a fish starts mutually to chase, milter is pulled out, dries the moisture on gonopore, then press abdomen,
Its sperm is allowed to flow out, with syringe by seminal fluid collecting;It is good to seminal fluid collecting and then pull raun out, with towel by body
Moisture wipes, then presses abdomen, and fish-egg is squeezed into china bowl;
E2, sperm squeezed into china bowl, the ratio of sperm and fish-egg meets the sperm of 2-3 milter and the fish-egg of 1 raun
Mixing;The physiological saline 2ml that mass concentration is 0.9% is poured into again, and stirring after mixing, adds clear water, adds from being stirred to
Enter clear water interval time no more than 30 seconds, stirring it is quick and graceful in the movements, gentle, the ovum that clear water is added starts to be fertilized, water swelling, after
Continuous filling clear water;
E3, it after placing 1min to 2min in china bowl, then moves into big basin, after fish-egg absorb water in big basin and is fertilized 1h,
Fertilized eggs are evenly coated on the artificial fish nest in hatchery, and is passed through flowing water into hatchery and is hatched, the water of hatchery
Temperature is higher than 17 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 6mg/l;
This step all carries out in the environment of being protected from light shading;
F, fish-egg in hatchery 80h can incubation of membrane, the fry after membrane was in the interior vegetative phase, by 2-4 days
Absorption, fry floats flat trip;
G, fry obtained in step F is launched, throw-in density: 30000 tails/mu to 50000 tails/mu;When dispensing
Between: morning or dusk shine without direct light, launch the water temperature temperature difference and are less than or equal to 2 DEG C, and the water for launching pond is clear water, micro-
Flowing;Launch pond to require: depth of water 60cm-80cm, dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 5mg/l, into the configurating filtered facility of discharge outlet, in pond
Configure aerator;It is fed after dispensing;
H, control and prevention of disease.
Further, in step D, the kind fish good to maturity injects an ocyodinic, and ocyodinic uses LRH-A2, HCG
And DOM, the DOM for the HCG+3mg that the injection volume of every kilogram of raun is the LRH-A2+1000IU of 10ug, the injection of every kilogram of milter
Amount halves compared with raun;
To imperfect kind of fish injection of maturity, ocyodinic, first time are injected twice: every kilogram of raun injects 10ug's
The injection volume of LRH-A2, every kilogram of milter halve compared with raun;Second of injection: the LRH-A2+ of every kilogram of raun injection 20ug
The injection volume of the DOM of the HCG+5mg of 1000IU, every kilogram of milter halve compared with raun;The time interval of double injection 12 hours.
Further, it in step G, is fed using eel powder, soya-bean milk, milk or yolk as bait, every ten thousand tails fish
Seedling feeds bait 5g every time, feeds 6-8 times daily, it then follows throws multiple principle less.
Further, after step E1, by the penicillin soaking of 400 units of milter and raun, then separately it is put into postpartum shield
Manage pond recuperation.
Further, in step H, copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate mixed solution full pool spilling head the prevention and control of ich: are used.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: providing good growth, development ring according to the life habit of dark-coloured lip dace for kind of a fish
Border guarantees the quality and quantity of sperm and fish-egg;Fertilization uses manual operation, provides suitable environment for fertilization, greatly
Improve the success rate of fertilization;The hatching and dispensing of fry carry out in specific environment, guarantee success rate and the fish of hatching
The survival rate of seedling.The seed breeding that dark-coloured lip dace is carried out using this method, can increase substantially the yield and survival rate of seed,
To reduce aquaculture cost.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
A kind of fry rearing method of dark-coloured lip dace of the invention, comprising the following steps:
A, kind fish investment kind fishpond is fed, kind fishpond is rectangle pond, the length 30m in pond, width 5m, pool inner water
Deep 60cm to 100cm, 17 DEG C to 22 DEG C of water temperature, dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 5mg/l, and water flow meets water per hour and exchanges 2 times,
It is preferably configured shading net.In addition, bottom of pond can suitably place some cobblestones etc. according to simulation wild environment, cave is formed, to allow
It shakes down.Kind fish comes from local fisherman's fishing, restores constitution in kind of fishpond, carries out raising and train for artitificial food, make it
It adapts to and receives manually to feed, feed uses the high high-quality kind of fish bait of nutritive value, and wild fish can be allowed from wild environment
Existence accumulation is transformed into existence accumulation+reproduction accumulation, to greatly speed up the development of piscinity gland.
B, select kind of a fish when to mating period: pearl star is obvious on milter mouth, and appearance is not damaged, no deformity, light to press abdomen energy
Flow out milky sperm, the body long 30cm of long 26cm to 32cm, weight 260g to 320g, preferably body, the kind fish of weight about 300g;It is female
Fish belly portion expands, is soft, and body surface is not damaged, and scale is complete, gonopore pinkiness, and body is long to be greater than or equal to 40cm, and weight is big
In or equal to 400g;It is preferred that the long 40cm or more of body, weight is greater than the kind fish of 600g;Raun individual is bigger, and fish brood amount is more, because
This, female kind of fish for selecting figure big as far as possible.
C, the kind fish that step B is picked out is put into spawning inducing pool to feed, 3 ㎡ of spawning inducing pool occupied area to 4 ㎡, water flow meets
Water at least exchanges 2 times per hour, and 17 DEG C to 22 DEG C of water temperature, dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 5mg/l;Pool area of hastening parturition is smaller, so as to
In pulling kind of a fish out.
D, the kind fish into spawning inducing pool injects ocyodinic;
E, various apparatus artificial incubation: are accounted for into complete soln quality using 10ppm(Solute mass before collecting semen and fish-egg
Part per million) KMNO4 solution disinfection 10min.
E1, when kind of a fish starts mutually to chase, milter is pulled out, dries the moisture on gonopore, then press abdomen,
Its sperm is allowed to flow out, with syringe by seminal fluid collecting;It is good to seminal fluid collecting and then pull raun out, with towel by body
Moisture wipes, then presses abdomen, and fish-egg is squeezed into china bowl;In such a way that two people cooperate, a people squeezes seminal fluid collecting
Sperm is extruded, another uses syringe collecting.It should be noted that when acquisition and do not contacted with water before sperm and fish-egg mixing.It is male after acquisition
Fish and raun are put into different buckets.
E2, sperm squeezed into china bowl, the ratio of sperm and fish-egg meets the sperm of 2-3 milter and the fish-egg of 1 raun
Mixing;The physiological saline 2ml that mass concentration is 0.9% is poured into again, is stirred using feather, after mixing, is added clear water, from
Be stirred to and be added clear water interval time and be no more than 30 seconds, stirring it is quick and graceful in the movements, gentle, the ovum that clear water is added starts to be fertilized, and inhales
Water expansion continues to fill clear water;
E3, it after placing 1min to 2min in china bowl, then moves into big basin, after fish-egg absorb water in big basin and is fertilized 1h,
Fertilized eggs are evenly coated on the artificial fish nest in hatchery, and is passed through flowing water into hatchery and is hatched, the water of hatchery
Temperature is higher than 17 DEG C, and dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 6mg/l;It hatchery should be close to spawning inducing pool, it should be furnished with complete water filtering system, build
It is located in greenhouse and is relatively suitble to, shading, heat preservation.Water temperature is higher, and the hatch fish roe time is shorter, and dissolved oxygen is controlled in 6mg/l or more, fish
Egg hatching development at any time and the dissolved oxygen needed will increase.After 10h is completed in fertilization, since embryonic development is carrying out, it is desirable that
Spawning inducing pool water flow should not be too large.
This step all carries out in the environment of being protected from light shading.
F, fish-egg in hatchery 80h can incubation of membrane, the fry after membrane was in the interior vegetative phase, by 2-4 days
Absorption, fry floats flat trip.This when can feed the bait of less yolk etc, and get out the standard of fry pond-inputting
Standby work, the mode that net cage hanging culture can be used manage fry.
G, fry obtained in step F is launched, throw-in density: 30000 tails/mu to 50000 tails/mu, preferably
40000 tails/mu;Release time: morning or dusk shine without direct light, launch the water temperature temperature difference and are less than or equal to 2 DEG C, launch
Wheel animalcule quantity in pond water peaks the phase;Launch pond to require: depth of water 60cm-80cm, dissolved oxygen are greater than or equal to 5mg/l,
Into the configurating filtered facility of discharge outlet, aerator is configured in pond;It is fed after dispensing.It is living, tender, fertile, refreshing to launch pond water quality requirement.
Into discharge outlet should configurating filtered facility, prevent large-scale wild fishes and cladocera etc. endanger fry safety.Before fry feed
Stage, fry ingested a part as far as possible based on the feed of high nutritive value, remaining a part of rich water is conducive to fry to live bait
The supply of material.During seedling cultivation, Changes in weather and nursery pond dissolved oxygen situation should be conscientiously paid close attention to, nursery pond is equipped with emergency and increases
Oxygen machine, to prevent fry anoxic.Daily water temperature record and management notes are conscientiously carried out, should adhere to 3 times or more patrolling the pool daily, and
When clean out the sundries in pond.
H, control and prevention of disease
Ich, Ichthyophthirius protozoa, Ciliata, recess section, Ichthyophthirius, main parasitic is in fish
The positions such as skin, fin, the gill, head, oral cavity and eye, the white small point-like of variance in form, naked eyes are visible.Fish body is visible from head to foot when serious
Small particles, therefore claim ichthyophthirius.It causes body surface respectively to organize hyperemia, cannot look for food after the small melonworm of infection of marine fishes, in addition secondary bacterial,
Virus infection can cause large quantities of fishes dead, and the death rate is up to 60%~70%, or even is annihilated, and brings sternly to breeding production
It threatens again.Treatment method: the copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate mixed solution full pool spilling head for being 0.7ppm with concentration.It should usually abide by
It is anti-to overweight the principle controlled.The excessive mud of bottom of pond is removed, cement pool wall will be scrubbed, and be disappeared with quick lime or bleaching powder
Poison.For pond, seedling rearing room Cultivated water, quantity of exchanged water is increased, improves water quality, periodically sterilizes.Seedling rearing room apparatus is through common Fu Er
Malin or liquor potassic permanganate carry out disinfection, and accomplish that special pond is dedicated.It should be sampled inspection before fish pond-inputting or entrance net cage, if
It was found that ichthyophthirius multifiliis should be treated using the above method in time.Breeding density should not be too large, daily to reinforce nutrition, improve fish body
Resistance.
Due to the scarcity of Wild fish resources, along with severe, the raun maturation being generally collected into of field survivorship environment
Degree is not high, and milter maturity is good, but individual is small, for the developmental state for kind of fish, preferably hastens parturition, and walks
In rapid D, the kind fish good to maturity injects an ocyodinic, and ocyodinic uses LRH-A2, HCG and DOM, the note of every kilogram of raun
The amount of penetrating is the DOM of the HCG+3mg of the LRH-A2+1000IU of 10ug, and the injection volume of every kilogram of milter halves compared with raun;
To imperfect kind of fish injection of maturity, ocyodinic, first time are injected twice: every kilogram of raun injects 10ug's
The injection volume of LRH-A2, every kilogram of milter halve compared with raun;Second of injection: the LRH-A2+ of every kilogram of raun injection 20ug
The injection volume of the DOM of the HCG+5mg of 1000IU, every kilogram of milter halve compared with raun;The time interval of double injection 12 hours.
LRH-A2, HCG and DOM are existing common ocyodinic.
In step G, fed using eel powder, soya-bean milk, milk or yolk as bait, every ten thousand tails fry feeds every time
Bait 5g, feeds 6-8 times daily, it then follows throws multiple principle less.The protein content that eel powder, soya-bean milk, milk or yolk are
Height is conducive to the growth of fry.
After step E1, the penicillin soaking of 400 units of milter and raun carries out disinfection to kind of a fish, then be separately put into
The recuperation of postnatal care pond.
Embodiment:
38 kilograms of dark-coloured lip dace that fisherman salvages are bought in certain fish farm, are put into kind of fishpond and feed.Kind fishpond is 30m*5m's
Rectangle pond, depth of water 80cm, 17 DEG C to 22 DEG C of water temperature, dissolved oxygen 6mg/l, water flow meets water per hour and exchanges 2 times.To numerous
It grows season, meets 12 kilograms that seed selection requires, the kind fish met the requirements is put into spawning inducing pool and is fed, 4 ㎡ of spawning inducing pool occupied area,
Water flow satisfaction water exchange per hour 2.5 times, 17 DEG C to 22 DEG C of water temperature, dissolved oxygen 6mg/l;According to the maturity of kind of fish to hastening parturition
Kind fish in pond injects ocyodinic.When kind of a fish starts mutually to chase, milter is pulled out, dries the moisture on gonopore,
Abdomen is pressed again, its sperm is allowed to flow out, with syringe by seminal fluid collecting;It is good to seminal fluid collecting and then pull raun out, with hair
Towel wipes the moisture of body, then presses abdomen, and fish-egg is squeezed into china bowl;Sperm is squeezed into china bowl, the essence of every milter
Liquid is mixed with the fish-egg of 2 rauns;The physiological saline 2ml that mass concentration is 0.9% is poured into again, is stirred with chicken feather, is uniformly mixed
Afterwards, clear water is added, the ovum that clear water is added starts to be fertilized, water swelling, continues to fill clear water.After placing 2min in china bowl,
It moves into big basin, after fish-egg absorbs water fertilization 1h in big basin, fertilized eggs is evenly coated on the artificial fish nest in hatchery again,
And be passed through flowing water into hatchery and hatched, 20 DEG C -25 DEG C, dissolved oxygen 7mg/l of the water temperature of hatchery, and it is slowly increased to 9
mg/l.Fish-egg incubation of membrane after 80h in hatchery, the fry after membrane are in the interior vegetative phase, by absorption in 2-4 days,
Fry, which floats, puts down trip.Fry is launched, throw-in density: 40000 tails/mu;Release time: morning or dusk, without straight
Illumination is penetrated, the water temperature temperature difference is launched and is less than or equal to 2 DEG C, the water for launching pond is clear water, microfluidic;It launches pond to require: the depth of water
70cm, dissolved oxygen 6mg/l.It is fed using eel powder, soya-bean milk, milk or yolk as bait, every ten thousand tails fry feeds every time
Bait 5g is fed 7 times daily.The survival rate 40 percent of fry, forms big 70000 tail of specification fry.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of fry rearing method of dead color lip dace, which comprises the following steps:
A, kind fish investment kind of fishpond to be fed, kind fishpond is rectangle pond, depth of water 60cm to 100cm, 17 DEG C to 22 DEG C of water temperature,
Dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 5mg/l, and water flow meets water per hour and exchanges 2 times;
B, select kind of a fish when to mating period: pearl star is obvious on milter mouth, and appearance is not damaged, no deformity, light to press abdomen that flow out
Milky sperm, body long 26cm to 32cm, weight 260g to 320g;Raun abdomen expands, is soft, and body surface is not damaged, and scale is complete
Whole, gonopore pinkiness, body is long to be greater than or equal to 40cm, and weight is greater than or equal to 600g;
C, the kind fish that step B is picked out is put into spawning inducing pool to feed, 3 ㎡ of spawning inducing pool occupied area to 4 ㎡, water flow meets per small
Shi Chishui is at least exchanged 2 times, and 17 DEG C to 22 DEG C of water temperature, dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 5mg/l;
D, the kind fish into spawning inducing pool injects ocyodinic;The kind fish good to maturity injects an ocyodinic, and ocyodinic uses
LRH-A2, HCG and DOM, the DOM for the HCG+3mg that the injection volume of every kilogram of raun is the LRH-A2+1000IU of 10ug, every kilogram
The injection volume of milter halves compared with raun;
To imperfect kind of fish injection of maturity, ocyodinic, first time are injected twice: the LRH-A2 of every kilogram of raun injection 10ug,
The injection volume of every kilogram of milter halves compared with raun;Second of injection: the LRH-A2+1000IU's of every kilogram of raun injection 20ug
The injection volume of the DOM of HCG+5mg, every kilogram of milter halve compared with raun;The time interval of double injection 12 hours;
E, artificial incubation:
E1, when kind of a fish starts mutually to chase, milter is pulled out, dries the moisture on gonopore, then press abdomen, allows it
Sperm outflow, with syringe by seminal fluid collecting;It is good to seminal fluid collecting and then pull raun out, with towel by the moisture of body
It wipes, then presses abdomen, fish-egg is squeezed into china bowl;
E2, sperm is squeezed into china bowl, the sperm of ratio 1 milter of satisfaction and the fish-egg of 2 to 3 rauns of sperm and fish-egg mix
It closes;The physiological saline 2ml that mass concentration is 0.9% is poured into again, and stirring after mixing, adds clear water, is added from being stirred to
Clear water interval time is no more than 30 seconds, stirring it is quick and graceful in the movements, gentle, the ovum that clear water is added starts to be fertilized, water swelling, continues
Fill clear water;
E3, it after placing 1min to 2min in china bowl, then moves into big basin, it, will be by after fish-egg absorb water in big basin and is fertilized 1h
Smart ovum is evenly coated on the artificial fish nest in hatchery, and is passed through flowing water into hatchery and is hatched, and the water temperature of hatchery is high
In 17 DEG C, dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 6mg/l;
This step all carries out in the environment of being protected from light shading;
F, fish-egg in hatchery 80h can incubation of membrane, the fry after membrane was in the interior vegetative phase, by suction in 2-4 days
It receives, fry, which floats, puts down trip;
G, fry obtained in step F is launched, throw-in density: 30000 tails/mu to 50000 tails/mu;Release time: early
Morning or dusk shine without direct light, launch the water temperature temperature difference and are less than or equal to 2 DEG C, the wheel animalcule quantity launched in pond water reaches
Peak period;Launch pond to require: depth of water 60cm-80cm, dissolved oxygen is greater than or equal to 5mg/l, into the configurating filtered facility of discharge outlet, pond
Interior configuration aerator;It is fed after dispensing;It is fed using eel powder, soya-bean milk, milk or yolk as bait, every ten thousand tail
Fry feeds bait 5g every time, feeds 6-8 times daily, it then follows throws multiple principle less;
H, control and prevention of disease, with copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate mixed solution full pool spilling head with prevention and control ich.
2. a kind of fry rearing method of dark-coloured lip dace according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, will be male after step E1
The penicillin soaking of 400 units of fish and raun, then separately it is put into the recuperation of postnatal care pond.
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