CN106416899A - Planting and breeding method of high-altitude crispy red plum trees - Google Patents
Planting and breeding method of high-altitude crispy red plum trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416899A CN106416899A CN201610890973.6A CN201610890973A CN106416899A CN 106416899 A CN106416899 A CN 106416899A CN 201610890973 A CN201610890973 A CN 201610890973A CN 106416899 A CN106416899 A CN 106416899A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting and breeding method of high-altitude crispy red plum trees. The planting and breeding method comprises the following steps: (1) performing soil selection and soil preparation; (2) planting; (3) fertilizing; (4) trimming; (5) performing soil management; (6) performing disease control; (7) performing pest control; (8) trimming in a senescent stage. Through the disease control and the pest control, the disease resistance and the pest resistance of the crispy red plum trees are improved, the yield is increased and the fruit quality is improved; the crispy red plum trees cannot be planted in a place where plum trees or fig trees are justly planted, otherwise, the growth and development and the yield of the crispy red plum trees are seriously affected and the lifespans of the crispy red plum trees are shortened; a sandy land, in which the crispy red plum trees are not planted or the crispy red plum trees are planted more than 5 years ago and which can provide convenient transportation, is selected as an optimal planting and breeding base for the crispy red plum trees; the plant spacing, the row spacing, the hole width, the hole length and the hole depth are specified, so that constant-value planting in each mu (a Chinese area unit) of the land is achieved, without lacking or excessing, and the maximum yield per mu is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plantation breeding method, the plantation breeding method of crisp red Lee of more particularly, to a kind of High aititude.
Background technology
Crisp red Lee, the tree vigo(u)r golden mean of the Confucian school, tree crown natural open centre shape.Fruit circular or nearly spheroidal, less, the average fruit of fruit
Weigh 15～25 grams, 40 grams of maximum single fruit weight.Peel aubergine, sarcocarp yellow or even band lamellar are red.Just, seam ditch is shallow for stitching thread,
Fruit dot yellow, closeer, uniform in size.Fruit powder is thick, canescence, and meat is crisp, and taste is sweet, soluble solid 12.7～13.27%, can
Dissolubility total sugar 10%, total acid 0.56%, 2.6 milligrams/100 grams of Vc, the little freestone of core, edible rate 96.8%, late-maturing (mid-August),
It is a kind of dull season, anti-season fruit, when ripe, does not almost have Fructus Pruni salicinae veriety to strive market with it, thus, market outlet
Freely, good in economic efficiency.In the growth course of crisp red Lee, easily infect pest and disease damage, the lighter's impact number body is developed, fruit quality
Difference, yields poorly.Severe one causes the weak short life of tree body, and fruit can not be practical.The disease of crisp red Lee mainly have Bacterial septicaemia syndrome,
Plum red leaf spot, shot hole etc..Insect pest mainly has Li Shifeng, dichocrocis punctiferalis, shell insects etc..
Content of the invention
Affect the defect that Tree growth causes fruit quality difference for solving crisp red Lee's easy infection pest and disease damage, the present invention is special to be provided
A kind of plantation breeding method of crisp red Lee of High aititude.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of plantation breeding method of crisp red Lee of High aititude, comprises the following steps：
(1) soil and site preparation：Selection of land gesture is high and dry, on the sunny side, leeward, Nan Po, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, loose ventilative, ground
Lower water level is low, is spaced more than 5 years, the sandy loam having a good transport service after not planting crisp red Japanese plum or plantation in the past；
(2) plant：After seedling fallen leaves, from root system complete, healthy and strong, bud matter is full, no disease and pests harm seedling is planted
Plant；
(3) apply fertilizer：The treelet of 1-2 is more than bearing tree fertilizer application frequency, from germinateing to 7-8 month, monthly applies disposable fertilizer, and 3
Bearing tree more than year, fertilising at least 3 times, topdress including a base manure and twice every year；
(4) prune：Just pruned using happy shape from definite value, often number stays 3-5 major branch, is trimmed to sphere bundle shape tree crown, makes
After crisp red Lee fruit tree grows up, the height of tree controls in 2m-2.2m；
(5) soil management:Expand hole to improve the soil, plough deeply Shi Chongfei, the consumption of fertilizer expands with several bodies and increases；
(6) disease control：Before germinateing, spray 3～5 degree of lime sulfurs of Baume or volume ratio are 1：1:100 Bordeaux mixture；Thank
2～4 weeks spray volume fractions are 75% 500～800 times of thiophanate methyl dilution or hundred bacterium that volume fraction is 50% after spending
Thin release 1200 times or volume fraction is 40% that Du Pont's lucky star dilutes 3000～3500 times；Annual mid-May is to late June
1 volume fraction of spray in every 10～15 days is the Mancozeb of 500～600 times of 65% dilution；
(7) pest control：Cause harm decises that initial stage volume fraction is 2.5% of larva dilute 2000 times or use volume
Fraction be 20% kill chrysanthemum esters dilute 2000 times sprinkling tree crowns；Annual 4～May timely sprinkler body fraction is 50% phoxim
1000 times of cream dilution or the omethoate dilution l000 that volume fraction is 40%；3～5 degree of stone sulfur of Baume are sprayed in the winter time during clear garden
Worm sources of surviving the winter eliminated by mixture；
(8) period of decline is pruned：Prune away not available major branch and branch in period of decline.
For the present invention is better achieved, in described step (2), the pearl line-spacing of planting of seedling is 4 meters × 5 meters, planting hole
Deep 80 centimetres, one meter of planting hole length, planting hole is wide one meter, it is noted that table soil and subsoil pile up separately when digging.
Further, two weeks completes earth backing work before planting；During backfill cave, bottom inserts straw, weeds, green manure,
After liming, backfill table soil, in the middle part of cave, point two-layer uniformly applies the manure of livestock and poultry becoming thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer, farmyard manure, then uniformly spreads
Upper calcium magnesium phosphate, backfill should be higher than that 15-20 centimetre of original ground, forms a steamed bread shape, then waits field planting seedling above.
Further, also include irrigating；Crisp red Lee's bud differentiation and Inflorescence development need sufficient moisture content, in antecedent soil moisture
When irrigate, at least keep soil moisture 60%.
For the present invention is better achieved, in described step (8) disabled major branch and branch be deadwood, sick branch, sagging
Mop floor branch.
In sum, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1st, this programme passes through to spray Bordeaux mixture before germination, spraying thiophanate methyl, Bravo or Du Pont's good fortune when thanking colored
Star, sprays Mancozeb in mid-May to late June, it is to avoid crisp red Lee is subject to Bacterial septicaemia syndrome, plum red leaf spot, shot hole
Deng infringement, affect fruit quality.
2nd, cause harm initial stage decises or kill chrysanthemum ester more and spray tree crown in larva, 4～May sprays phoxim emulsifiable concentrate or oxygen
Change Rogor, spray 3～5 degree of lime sulfurs of Baume during clear garden in the winter time, greatly increase the insect pest ability of crisp red Lee, increased
Yield, improves fruit quality.
3rd, crisp red Japanese plum can not be planted in the place just having planted Lee or Fructus Fici, and the growth not so having a strong impact on crisp red Lee is sent out
Educate and yield, shorten the life-span of crisp red Japanese plum.The present invention is spaced more than 5 years and traffic from not planting after crisp red Japanese plum or plantation
Convenient sandy loam, is the optimal plantation cultivation base of crisp red Lee.
4th, deeply specification is carried out to pearl line-spacing and cave width, cave length, cave it is achieved that the definite value plantation in every mu of soil, does not lack few,
Realize per mu yield to maximize.
Specific embodiment
For the present invention is better achieved, with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but this
The embodiment of invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of plantation breeding method of crisp red Lee of High aititude, comprises the following steps：
(1) soil and site preparation：Selection of land gesture is high and dry, on the sunny side, leeward, Nan Po, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, loose ventilative, ground
Lower water level is low, is spaced more than 5 years, the sandy loam having a good transport service after not planting crisp red Japanese plum or plantation in the past；
(2) plant：After seedling fallen leaves, from root system complete, healthy and strong, bud matter is full, no disease and pests harm seedling is planted
Plant；
(3) apply fertilizer：The treelet of 1-2 is more than bearing tree fertilizer application frequency, from germinateing to 7-8 month, monthly applies disposable fertilizer, and 3
Bearing tree more than year, fertilising at least 3 times, topdress including a base manure and twice every year；
(4) prune：Just pruned using happy shape from definite value, often number stays 3-5 major branch, is trimmed to sphere bundle shape tree crown, makes
After crisp red Lee fruit tree grows up, the height of tree controls in 2m-2.2m；
(5) soil management:Expand hole to improve the soil, plough deeply Shi Chongfei, the consumption of fertilizer expands with several bodies and increases；
(6) disease control：Before germinateing, spray 3～5 degree of lime sulfurs of Baume or volume ratio are 1：1:100 Bordeaux mixture；Thank
2～4 weeks spray volume fractions are 75% 500～800 times of thiophanate methyl dilution or hundred bacterium that volume fraction is 50% after spending
Thin release 1200 times or volume fraction is 40% that Du Pont's lucky star dilutes 3000～3500 times；Annual mid-May is to late June
1 volume fraction of spray in every 10～15 days is the Mancozeb of 500～600 times of 65% dilution；
(7) pest control：Cause harm decises that initial stage volume fraction is 2.5% of larva dilute 2000 times or use volume
Fraction be 20% kill chrysanthemum esters dilute 2000 times sprinkling tree crowns；Annual 4～May timely sprinkler body fraction is 50% phoxim
1000 times of cream dilution or the omethoate dilution l000 that volume fraction is 40%；3～5 degree of stone sulfur of Baume are sprayed in the winter time during clear garden
Worm sources of surviving the winter eliminated by mixture；
(8) period of decline is pruned：Prune away not available major branch and branch in period of decline.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, in described step (2), the pearl line-spacing of planting of seedling is 4 meters × 5 meters to the present embodiment,
Deep 80 centimetres of planting hole, one meter of planting hole length, planting hole is wide one meter, it is noted that table soil and subsoil pile up separately when digging.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment on the basis of embodiment 2, before planting two weeks complete earth backing work；During backfill cave, bottom is filled out
Enter straw, weeds, green manure, after liming, backfill table soil, in the middle part of cave, point two-layer uniformly applies the manure of livestock and poultry becoming thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer,
Farmyard manure, then uniformly sprinkles calcium magnesium phosphate, and backfill should be higher than that 15-20 centimetre of original ground, forms a steamed bread shape, then upper
Face waits field planting seedling.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, also includes irrigating；Crisp red Lee's bud differentiation
And Inflorescence development needs sufficient moisture content, irrigate in antecedent soil moisture, at least keep soil moisture 60%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment on the basis of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 or embodiment 4, in described step (8) not
Available major branch and branch are deadwood, sick branch, the sagging branch that mops floor.
As described above, the present invention can preferably be realized.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of plantation breeding method of crisp red Lee of High aititude is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soil and site preparation：Selection of land gesture is high and dry, on the sunny side, leeward, Nan Po, soil layer is deep, fertile soil, loose ventilative, subsoil water
Position is low, is spaced more than 5 years, the sandy loam having a good transport service after not planting crisp red Japanese plum or plantation in the past；
(2) plant：After seedling fallen leaves, from root system complete, healthy and strong, bud matter is full, no disease and pests harm seedling is planted；
(3) apply fertilizer：The treelet of 1-2 is more than bearing tree fertilizer application frequency, from germinate to 7-8 month, monthly apply disposable fertilizer, 3 years with
On bearing tree, annual fertilising at least 3 times, topdress including a base manure and twice；
(4) prune：Just pruned using happy shape from definite value, often number stays 3-5 major branch, is trimmed to sphere bundle shape tree crown, makes crisp red
After Li Guoshu grows up, the height of tree controls in 2m-2.2m；
(5) soil management:Expand hole to improve the soil, plough deeply Shi Chongfei, the consumption of fertilizer expands with several bodies and increases；
(6) disease control：Before germinateing, spray 3～5 degree of lime sulfurs of Baume or volume ratio are 1：1:100 Bordeaux mixture；Thank 2 after spending
～4 weeks spray volume fractions are that 75% thiophanate methyl dilutes 500～800 times or Bravo dilution that volume fraction is 50%
1200 times or volume fraction is 40% that Du Pont's lucky star dilutes 3000～3500 times；Annual mid-May to late June is every 10～
1 volume fraction of spray in 15 days is the Mancozeb of 500～600 times of 65% dilution；
(7) pest control：Cause harm decises that initial stage volume fraction is 2.5% of larva dilute 2000 times or use volume fraction
The chrysanthemum esters that kill for 20% dilute 2000 times of sprinkling tree crowns more；Annual 4～May timely sprinkler body fraction is 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate
1000 times of dilution or the omethoate dilution l000 that volume fraction is 40%；3～5 degree of lime sulfurs of Baume are sprayed in the winter time during clear garden
Elimination is survived the winter worm sources；
(8) period of decline is pruned：Prune away not available major branch and branch in period of decline.
2. a kind of crisp red Lee of High aititude according to claim 1 plantation breeding method it is characterised in that：In described step
(2), in, the pearl line-spacing of planting of seedling is 4 meters × 5 meters, deep 80 centimetres of planting hole, one meter of planting hole length, and planting hole is wide one meter, digs
When it is noted that table soil and subsoil pile up separately.
3. a kind of crisp red Lee of High aititude according to claim 2 plantation breeding method it is characterised in that：Before planting partly
Complete within individual month earth backing work；During backfill cave, bottom inserts straw, weeds, green manure, after liming, backfill table soil, and in the middle part of cave,
Point two-layer uniformly applies the manure of livestock and poultry becoming thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer, farmyard manure, then uniformly sprinkles calcium magnesium phosphate, and backfill should be higher than that original ground
15-20 centimetre, form a steamed bread shape, then wait field planting seedling above.
4. a kind of crisp red Lee of High aititude according to claim 1 plantation breeding method it is characterised in that：Also include filling
Irrigate；Crisp red Lee's bud differentiation and Inflorescence development need sufficient moisture content, irrigate in antecedent soil moisture, at least keep soil moisture
60%.
5. a kind of crisp red Lee of High aititude according to claim 1 plantation breeding method it is characterised in that：Described step
(8) in, disabled major branch and branch are deadwood, sick branch, the sagging branch that mops floor.
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| CN201610890973.6A CN106416899A (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2016-10-12 | Planting and breeding method of high-altitude crispy red plum trees |
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| CN201610890973.6A CN106416899A (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2016-10-12 | Planting and breeding method of high-altitude crispy red plum trees |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108925343A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | 普定县林业技术推广站 | A kind of crisp Lee's sugar content cultural method of raising ice |
| CN110612849A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-27 | 成都环美园林生态股份有限公司 | Red-leaf plum planting method at altitude of more than four kilometers |
| CN110692428A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-17 | 湖南衡岳中药饮片有限公司 | Planting method of white sugar plums |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104335865A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-11 | 重庆市黔江区黔双科技有限公司 | Plum cultivation method |
| CN104542158A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆燊旺农业开发有限公司 | Plum planting method |
| CN104920091A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | 陈永福 | Method for culturing high-yield plum seedlings |
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2016
- 2016-10-12 CN CN201610890973.6A patent/CN106416899A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104335865A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-11 | 重庆市黔江区黔双科技有限公司 | Plum cultivation method |
| CN104542158A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆燊旺农业开发有限公司 | Plum planting method |
| CN104920091A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | 陈永福 | Method for culturing high-yield plum seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 罗力等: "乌蒙山区脆红李高产栽培技术探讨", 《四川农业与农机》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108925343A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | 普定县林业技术推广站 | A kind of crisp Lee's sugar content cultural method of raising ice |
| CN110612849A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-27 | 成都环美园林生态股份有限公司 | Red-leaf plum planting method at altitude of more than four kilometers |
| CN110692428A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-17 | 湖南衡岳中药饮片有限公司 | Planting method of white sugar plums |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |
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