CN106386067A - Dragon fruit soilless rooting rapid seedling growing process - Google Patents

Dragon fruit soilless rooting rapid seedling growing process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106386067A
CN106386067A CN201610769983.4A CN201610769983A CN106386067A CN 106386067 A CN106386067 A CN 106386067A CN 201610769983 A CN201610769983 A CN 201610769983A CN 106386067 A CN106386067 A CN 106386067A
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China
Prior art keywords
cutting
dragon fruit
seedling growing
soil
days
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CN201610769983.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
钟有超
符兆欢
林群艳
廖集新
林明龙
郑翱毅
罗丽丹
余荣光
解华云
叶建春
陈铭斯
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Qinzhou Pitaya Engineering Technology Research Center
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Qinzhou Pitaya Engineering Technology Research Center
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Priority to CN201610769983.4A priority Critical patent/CN106386067A/en
Publication of CN106386067A publication Critical patent/CN106386067A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02Special apparatus therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

The invention discloses a dragon fruit soilless rooting rapid seedling growing process, which comprises the steps of 1) preparing a cutting: selecting a dragon fruit tree branch as the cutting, wherein the tree is pure in kind in current year, grows well, has no insect disease, and is fully ripe, then immersing the branch in a liquid medicine for disinfection, and then drying until the wound heals completely; 2) cutting and rooting: winding the basal part of the cutting obtained from step 1) with a sponge strip, inserting the cutting in a cutting hole of a seedling growing plate, then placing the seedling growing plate on a stand above a dust-collecting groove, spraying a nutrient solution, and transplanting the cutting outside a shed after rooting; and 3) cultivating matrix: transplanting the cutting from step 2) after rooting to a matrix outside the shed, and getting a sprout out of the field when new buds grow from the cutting and the buds are ripe. The nutrient solution comprises, by weight percentage, the following materials: 100 parts of water; 10.-1.5 parts of water-soluble composite fertilizer whose NPK is 15-15-15; 1.0-2.0 parts of water-soluble calcium superphosphate; 0.10-0.20 parts of biochemical fulvic acid; 0.2-0.4 parts of urea, and 0.1-0.3 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose.

Description

A kind of dragon fruit no soil urges root fast seedling growing technique
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit cultivation technology, more particularly, to a kind of dragon fruit no soil urges root fast seedling growing technique.
Background technology
Dragon fruit (Latin literary fame:Hylocereus undulatus Britt), also known as Hylocereus undatus, passion plant, Pitaya fruit, Yulong fruit.Cactaceae, hylocereus platymiscium.Fruit ovalize, 10-12 centimetre of diameter, outward appearance is red or yellow, has green The thallus of color rounded triangle, white, red or yellow pulp, there is melanospermous fruit.Dragon fruit is nutritious, work( Can be unique, it contains the rare vegetable albumin of general plant and anthocyanidin, and abundant vitamin and aqueous soluble dietary are fine Dimension.Dragon fruit belongs to cool property fruit, and in its natural state, fruit is ripe in the autumn in summer, and taste is sweet, succulence.
The propagation method of dragon fruit typically adopts cutting propagation and propagation by grafiting.Cutting propagation, cutting time is with spring Suitably, the stipes that cutting choosing growth is enriched, is cut into the segment of long 375px, and after wound air-dries, insertion sand bed or cuttage exist With concrete column side under bracing frame.The later of cuttage does not need to water, and keeps the mass dryness fraction of soil, starts within 10 days to water, about later Can take root within 15-30 days, root grows to nursery transplant bed during 3-100px.Propagation by grafiting, selects no disease and pests harm, robust growth, stem meat full " hylocereus " do stock, carry out dragon fruit grafting in fine day.Stems of dragon fruits is used knife section, scion is inserted, be directed at shape Stratification, ties fixation with cotton thread, and under the conditions of 28-30 DEG C, there are a large amount of Callus formation, scion in wound composition surface within 4-5 days Close with stock color, illustrate that the two vascular bundle heals, grafting success, then can be moved into temporary seedbed and continue to cultivate.
The prior art research to dragon fruit nursery, such as Chinese patent CN103931399B, disclose nursery side Method:Choose one piece of square field, bottom spreads one layer of blinding and gravel, and one layer of soil is spread on upper strata makes it bottom be completely covered, so Afterwards dragon fruit seed that dry, full is sprinkled upon on the soil on upper strata, is covered using preservative film after spraying clear water, daily replacing Preservative film and sprinkling clear water, can remove preservative film after more than 90% germination after 3-5 days, daily holding afterwards is sprayed Clear water, after 4-6 week, young plant can separately be planted when highly reaching 5-8cm.This is conventional seedbed system method, and the time is long.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of efficient dragon fruit no soil urges root fast seedling growing technique, to solve dragon fruit No soil urges root problem, and the time is short.
A kind of dragon fruit of the present invention no soil urges root fast seedling growing technique, comprises the steps:
1) cutting prepares:Selection kind is pure, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, then life fully aging flue fruit branch Bar makees cutting, soaks liquid medicine sterilization, and drying treats that wound heals completely;
2) root is urged in cuttage:By step 1) cutting that obtains is wound around cutting base portion with sponge strip, injects the seedlings plugging hole of seedlings cultivating board Interior, then seedlings cultivating board is placed on the shelf above water leg, nutrient solution of spraying, it is transplanted to outside canopy after taking root;
3) matrix is cultivated:By step 2) process that obtains urges the cutting of root to be transplanted to the matrix outside canopy, treats that cutting grows newly Garden can be gone out after bud is aging;
Step 2) described in nutrient solution, be made up of the composition of following weight proportion:
100 parts of water, NPK are water soluble composite fertilizer 1.0-1.5 part of 15-15-15, water-soluble calcium superphosphate 1.0-2.0 part, Biochemical fulvic acid 0.10-0.20 part, urea 0.2-0.4 part, hydroxyethyl cellulose 0.1-0.3 part, by above composition mix, molten Solution, puts into steam blasting tank, pressure 4MPa, is heated to 180 DEG C, keeps 2min, then quick release pressure obtains in 1-3s.
Step 1 of the present invention) described in dragon fruit bough, preferably every segment length 15-20 centimetre;Described sterilization, preferably uses 0.1% mercury chloride sterilization;Described drying, preferably airing 1-2 days or be placed on shady place to dry in the shade 5-7 days in the sun.
Step 2) described in sponge strip, preferably 15 × 5 × 0.5 centimetre of specification;Described spraying nutrient solution, it is preferred to use Spraying system, spraying 5 seconds in interval for 10 minutes, continues 7 days;Described take root after be transplanted to outside canopy, transplant within 10 days preferably after cuttage To outside canopy.
Step 3) described in the matrix being transplanted to outside canopy, preferably 15 × 20 centimetres of seeding row spacing, about 5 centimetres of the depth of planting;Institute The matrix stated, is preferably made up of the volume ratio of perlite 50%, fertile soil 50%;It is aging that described cutting grows sprouting, is 30- 35 days.
Compared to existing technology, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
1st, the present invention with the addition of hydroxyethyl cellulose in nutrient solution, has good thickening, suspension, dispersion, emulsification, glues Conjunction, film forming, protection moisture and provide the characteristic such as protecting colloid, using so that Water Soluble Compound, water solubility in nutrient solution The nutrient contents such as calcium superphosphate, biochemical fulvic acid fully adhere on cuttage bar, beneficial to the absorption to nutrient content for the cuttage bar, promote Take root.
2nd, steam blasting be using high-temperature high-pressure steam process biomass material, and realized by moment pressure leak process right The surface texture change of raw material, Component seperation and hemicellulose degradation, are generally used for maize straw, straw and Wooden Biomass etc. The pretreatment of raw material.The present invention passes through " to put into steam blasting tank, pressure 4MPa, be heated to 180 DEG C, keep 2min, then in 1- Pressure is reduced to 0 by moment by quick release pressure in 3s ", can effectively disperse, refine composite fertilizer, biochemical fulvic acid etc. Point, advantageously in the absorption of cuttage bar.
3rd, the present invention urges root using no soil, prepares special nutrient solution, and 5 day time can grow new root, and rooting rate reaches 100%.
4th, the present invention can significantly accelerate nursery speed, and nursery stock can go out garden in 40 days, shorten one than conventional seedbed system method Half above time, transplanting survival rate reaches 100%.
Specific embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the invention is not limited in these embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
1) cutting prepares:Selection kind is pure, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, then life fully aging flue fruit branch Bar makees cutting, every segment length 15-20 centimetre, soaks liquid medicine sterilization, airing 1-2 days under sunlight, treats that wound heals completely;
2) root is urged in cuttage:By step 1) cutting that obtains is wound around cutting base portion with 15 × 5 × 0.5 centimetre of sponge strip, inserts Enter the seedlings plugging in the hole of seedlings cultivating board, then seedlings cultivating board is placed on the shelf above water leg, nutrient solution of spraying, using spraying system System, spraying 5 seconds in interval for 10 minutes, continues 7 days, be transplanted to outside canopy within 10 days after cuttage;
3) matrix is cultivated:By step 2) through that obtain urging the cutting of root be transplanted to outside canopy by perlite 50%, humic The matrix of the volume ratio composition of soil 50%, 15 × 20 centimetres of seeding row spacing, about 5 centimetres of the depth of planting, cultivate 30-40 days, cutting is long Go out sprouting aging after can go out garden;
Step 2) described in nutrient solution, be made up of the composition of following weight proportion:
100 parts of water, NPK are 1.0 parts of the water soluble composite fertilizer of 15-15-15,2.0 parts of calcium superphosphate of water solubility, biochemical Huang are rotten 0.10 part of acid, 0.4 part of urea, 0.1 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose, above composition are mixed, dissolve, put into steam blasting tank, pressure 4MPa, is heated to 180 DEG C, keeps 2min, then quick release pressure obtains in 1-3s.
Embodiment 2:
1) cutting prepares:Selection kind is pure, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, then life fully aging flue fruit branch Bar makees cutting, every segment length 15-20 centimetre, soaks liquid medicine sterilization, is placed on shady place to dry in the shade 5-7 days, treats that wound heals completely;
2) root is urged in cuttage:By step 1) cutting that obtains is wound around cutting base portion with 15 × 5 × 0.5 centimetre of sponge strip, inserts Enter the seedlings plugging in the hole of seedlings cultivating board, then seedlings cultivating board is placed on the shelf above water leg, nutrient solution of spraying, using spraying system System, spraying 5 seconds in interval for 10 minutes, continues 7 days, be transplanted to outside canopy within 10 days after cuttage;
3) matrix is cultivated:By step 2) through that obtain urging the cutting of root be transplanted to outside canopy by perlite 50%, humic The matrix of the volume ratio composition of soil 50%, 15 × 20 centimetres of seeding row spacing, about 5 centimetres of the depth of planting, cultivate 30-40 days, cutting is long Go out sprouting aging after can go out garden;
Step 2) described in nutrient solution, be made up of the composition of following weight proportion:
100 parts of water, NPK are 1.5 parts of the water soluble composite fertilizer of 15-15-15,1.0 parts of calcium superphosphate of water solubility, biochemical Huang are rotten 0.20 part of acid, 0.2 part of urea, 0.3 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose, above composition are mixed, dissolve, put into steam blasting tank, pressure 4MPa, is heated to 180 DEG C, keeps 2min, then quick release pressure obtains in 1-3s.
Embodiment 3:
1) cutting prepares:Selection kind is pure, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, then life fully aging flue fruit branch Bar makees cutting, every segment length 15-20 centimetre, soaks liquid medicine sterilization, airing 1-2 days under sunlight, treats that wound heals completely;
2) root is urged in cuttage:By step 1) cutting that obtains is wound around cutting base portion with 15 × 5 × 0.5 centimetre of sponge strip, inserts Enter the seedlings plugging in the hole of seedlings cultivating board, then seedlings cultivating board is placed on the shelf above water leg, nutrient solution of spraying, using spraying system System, spraying 5 seconds in interval for 10 minutes, continues 7 days, be transplanted to outside canopy within 10 days after cuttage;
3) matrix is cultivated:By step 2) through that obtain urging the cutting of root be transplanted to outside canopy by perlite 50%, humic The matrix of the volume ratio composition of soil 50%, 15 × 20 centimetres of seeding row spacing, about 5 centimetres of the depth of planting, cultivate 30-40 days, cutting is long Go out sprouting aging after can go out garden;
Step 2) described in nutrient solution, be made up of the composition of following weight proportion:
100 parts of water, NPK are 1.2 parts of the water soluble composite fertilizer of 15-15-15,1.5 parts of calcium superphosphate of water solubility, biochemical Huang are rotten 0.15 part of acid, 0.3 part of urea, 0.2 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose, above composition are mixed, dissolve, put into steam blasting tank, pressure 4MPa, is heated to 180 DEG C, keeps 2min, then quick release pressure obtains in 1-3s.
Comparative example 1:
1) annual March, robust growth, disease-free, the growth red meat strain dragon fruit maternal plant of more than 3 years, truncation are chosen Maternal plant tender stem, and tender stem is cut into the section shape that length is 25-30cm, as cuttage seeding;
2) one end otch of each cuttage seeding being placed in concentration is 1:Cultivate 20-30 days in 1000 state's light tea acetic acid taking root liquid Take root;
3) the cuttage transplantation of seedlings after taking root is cultivated to cultivation matrix, and growing temperatures are 18-35 DEG C, cultivates air humidity For 60%-80%, cultivation matrix presses 1 by coarse sand, peat soil, medical stone, chernozem, fertile soil, garden mould:3:0.05:2:10:30 Weight ratio be blended;
4), after transplanting, sprayed a strong sprout liquid every 1 month in cuttage seeding, be continuously sprayed to cuttage seeding and grow bud, Described strong sprout liquid is blended by gibberellin 2000mg/L, heteroauxin 150mg/L, uniconazole P 30mg/L;
5) transplant after, at quarterly intervals apply a seedling fertilizer, described seedling fertilizer by maggot cry excrement, urea, egg-shell meal, sheep excrement, Bone meal, dolomite, plant ash press 1:0.01:0.8:2:0.03:0.05:0.1 weight ratio is mixed.
Rooting rate 98.2%, transplanting survival rate 99.1%.
Comparative example 2:
1) cutting prepares:Selection kind is pure, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, then life fully aging flue fruit branch Bar makees cutting, every segment length 15-20 centimetre, soaks liquid medicine sterilization, airing 1-2 days under sunlight, treats that wound heals completely;
2) root is urged in cuttage:By step 1) cutting that obtains is wound around cutting base portion with 15 × 5 × 0.5 centimetre of sponge strip, inserts Enter the seedlings plugging in the hole of seedlings cultivating board, then seedlings cultivating board is placed on the shelf above water leg, nutrient solution of spraying, using spraying system System, spraying 5 seconds in interval for 10 minutes, continues 7 days, be transplanted to outside canopy within 10 days after cuttage;
3) matrix is cultivated:By step 2) through that obtain urging the cutting of root be transplanted to outside canopy by perlite 50%, humic The matrix of the volume ratio composition of soil 50%, 15 × 20 centimetres of seeding row spacing, about 5 centimetres of the depth of planting, cultivate 30-40 days, cutting is long Go out sprouting aging after can go out garden;
Step 2) described in nutrient solution, be made up of the composition of following weight proportion:
100 parts of water, NPK are 1.2 parts of the water soluble composite fertilizer of 15-15-15,1.5 parts of calcium superphosphate of water solubility, biochemical Huang are rotten 0.15 part of acid, 0.3 part of urea, 0.2 part of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
7 day time grew new root, rooting rate 99.8%, and nursery stock goes out garden in 45 days, and transplanting survival rate reaches 99.9%.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of dragon fruit no soil urges root fast seedling growing technique it is characterised in that comprising the steps:
1) cutting prepares:Selection kind is pure, robust growth, no disease and pests harm, then life fully aging dragon fruit bough are made Cutting, soaks liquid medicine sterilization, and drying treats that wound heals completely;
2) root is urged in cuttage:By step 1) cutting that obtains is wound around cutting base portion with sponge strip, injects the seedlings plugging in the hole of seedlings cultivating board, then Seedlings cultivating board is placed on the shelf above water leg, nutrient solution of spraying, is transplanted to outside canopy after taking root;
3) matrix is cultivated:By step 2) process that obtains urges the cutting of root to be transplanted to the matrix outside canopy, treats that cutting grows sprouting old Garden can be gone out after ripe;
Step 2) described in nutrient solution, be made up of the composition of following weight proportion:
100 parts of water, NPK are water soluble composite fertilizer 1.0-1.5 part of 15-15-15, water-soluble calcium superphosphate 1.0-2.0 part, biochemistry Fulvic acid 0.10-0.20 part, urea 0.2-0.4 part, hydroxyethyl cellulose 0.1-0.3 part, above composition are mixed, dissolve, put Enter steam blasting tank, pressure 4MPa, be heated to 180 DEG C, keep 2min, then quick release pressure obtains in 1-3s.
2. a kind of dragon fruit according to claim 1 no soil urge root fast seedling growing technique it is characterised in that:Step 1) described Dragon fruit bough, every segment length be 15-20 centimetre.
3. a kind of dragon fruit according to claim 1 no soil urge root fast seedling growing technique it is characterised in that:Step 1) described Drying, for airing 1-2 days in the sun or be placed on shady place to dry in the shade 5-7 days.
4. a kind of dragon fruit according to claim 3 no soil urge root fast seedling growing technique it is characterised in that:Step 2) described Sponge strip, specification be 15 × 5 × 0.5 centimetre.
5. a kind of dragon fruit according to claim 1 no soil urge root fast seedling growing technique it is characterised in that:Step 2) described Spraying nutrient solution, refer to adopt spraying system, spraying 5 seconds in interval for 10 minutes, continues 7 days.
6. a kind of dragon fruit according to claim 3 no soil urge root fast seedling growing technique it is characterised in that:Step 2) described Take root after be transplanted to outside canopy, be transplanted to outside canopy within 10 days after referring to cuttage.
7. a kind of dragon fruit according to claim 1 no soil urge root fast seedling growing technique it is characterised in that:Step 2) described Spraying nutrient solution, refer to adopt spraying system, spraying 5 seconds in interval for 10 minutes, continues 7 days.
8. a kind of dragon fruit according to claim 1 no soil urge root fast seedling growing technique it is characterised in that:Step 2) described Cutting to grow sprouting aging, be 30-35 days.
CN201610769983.4A 2016-08-30 2016-08-30 Dragon fruit soilless rooting rapid seedling growing process Pending CN106386067A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011200159A (en) * 2010-03-25 2011-10-13 Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan Method for producing fruit of dragon fruit, and fruit of dragon fruit
CN104509429A (en) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-15 黄秋函 Method for quickly breeding pitaya seedlings
CN105191727A (en) * 2015-09-29 2015-12-30 淮北市四季蔬菜种植有限公司 Dragon fruit planting method
CN105481535A (en) * 2015-10-19 2016-04-13 南宁市金稻源农资有限公司 Culture solution used for cutting propagation of hylocereus undulatus seedling
CN105557322A (en) * 2016-01-25 2016-05-11 成都美农达农业开发有限责任公司 Greenhouse planting method for high-sweetness dragon fruits

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011200159A (en) * 2010-03-25 2011-10-13 Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan Method for producing fruit of dragon fruit, and fruit of dragon fruit
CN104509429A (en) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-15 黄秋函 Method for quickly breeding pitaya seedlings
CN105191727A (en) * 2015-09-29 2015-12-30 淮北市四季蔬菜种植有限公司 Dragon fruit planting method
CN105481535A (en) * 2015-10-19 2016-04-13 南宁市金稻源农资有限公司 Culture solution used for cutting propagation of hylocereus undulatus seedling
CN105557322A (en) * 2016-01-25 2016-05-11 成都美农达农业开发有限责任公司 Greenhouse planting method for high-sweetness dragon fruits

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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李俊良: "《设施蔬菜微灌施肥工程与技术》", 1 April 2016, 中国农业出版社 *

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Application publication date: 20170215