CN106332724A - Planting technology and planting methods for early bearing heartwood of algum - Google Patents
Planting technology and planting methods for early bearing heartwood of algum Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332724A CN106332724A CN201610735171.8A CN201610735171A CN106332724A CN 106332724 A CN106332724 A CN 106332724A CN 201610735171 A CN201610735171 A CN 201610735171A CN 106332724 A CN106332724 A CN 106332724A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting technology and a planting method for early bearing heartwood of algum. The planting method is characterized in that a series of scientific management process methods of land soil requirement, seed sowing, intermediate management, finished tree management and lumber setting are provided according to the characteristics of the algum. The planting technology and the planting methods disclosed by the invention have the advantages of reliable technology, easiness in operation, high growth speed of the tree, extensive management, quick forming of lumbers, early bearing of the heartwood, high yield, high benefits and easiness in planting; the benefits can be obtained from savage places, so high value is created; the planting technology and the planting methods are suitable for popularization and use in forest in hilly regions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forestry field of planting, especially a kind of almug early knot heartwood planting technology and its method.
Background technology
Lignum Santali Albi be the torrid zone, subtropical plant, optimum growth temperature at 23 DEG C～35 DEG C, rainfall 600～1600mm.
When temperature is less than 13 DEG C, Lignum Santali Albi grows lull, and terminal bud proceeds to resting state.Lignum Santali Albi can be stood of short duration subzero low
Temperature, but if low temperature continuous overlong time, surrounding does not have host plant to protect again, then be also easy to produce cold damage.Average temperature of the whole year ＞ 20
DEG C, the area of 13 DEG C of the coldest monthly mean temperature ＞, ＞ -4 DEG C of extreme low temperature and no heavy frost, the suitable angry of Lignum Santali Albi can be classified as and wait
In area.There are Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, south Fujian and river Zhejiang some areas in the province that can plant in China.All Fructus Musaes,
The seeds energy normal growth such as Fructus Chaenomeliss, Fructus Litchi, Fructus Artocarpi Heterophylli, Fructus Mangifera Indicae, substantially it is not subject to the place of cold damage, Lignum Santali Albi just can pass the winter safely.?
In suitable raw climatic province, the growth of Lignum Santali Albi is still limited by the land occupation condition in forest land to a certain extent.In order to obtain good economy
Benefit, must be carried out comprehensively to the landform of afforestation, illumination condition, edaphic condition etc. according to the biological characteristicses of Lignum Santali Albi before afforestation
Understanding, selected.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is according to almug characteristic, provides one kind from soil soil requirement, seed kind, intervalve
Reason, becomes tree management, and to a series of scientific management processes of sizing of becoming a useful person, technically reliable, processing ease, deserted mountain wild country becomes effect
Benefit, the creation of value is high, sets long soon, low level management, becomes a useful person fast, early knot heartwood, and yield is high, high financial profit, and plantation easily, is suitable to
Forest land of mountain area is promoted the use of.
The technology of the present invention is such, a kind of almug early tie heartwood planting technology with its method it is characterised in that its
Method and step is:
Step 1, physical features selects:
(1) select sun to hillside fields；
(2) select, subacidity high rich in ferrum, phosphorus, potassium, ph value 6.6, sandy laterite, avoid meta-alkalescence, cement soil, soil layer 1.2
More than rice；
(3) underground hydrops are avoided, level of ground water is more than 1.2 meters；
Step 2, seedling is colonized:
(1) site preparation is opened up wasteland, and becomes artificial forest to make Lignum Santali Albi woods in wildwood, takes into account and plant host tree and green manure plant, newly ward off wasteland complete
Cultivate；
(2) plant pit applies determine root manure: cave rule: 50 50 40 70 70 60 centimetres, 2 2.5 meters of seeding row spacing, every mu of kind 50 ~
55 plants, cave bottom paving is shone and is mixed sand table soil in vain, then puts husky miscellaneous soil, abundant well-rotted farmyard manure and compound fertilizer's mixture are gone back to cave；
(3) it is colonized seedling: open cave plantation in summer and autumn cloudy day in rainy season, first by nutrient cup opening, the mass of soil reservation of Seedling root is agglomerating
Plant hole hits exactly earthing, and water drenching drenches loose stool water and/or compound fertilizer after 16 days；
Step 3, host tree configuration plantation:
(1) root growth seeds similar to almug are selected to make host；
(2) host plant selects: a have root nodule bacteria to section class plant, b has the Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi of economic worth, Fructus Litchi, Arillus Longan class plant；c
Select slightly life, the Casuarina equisetifolia L. grown directly from seeds, acacia rachii；
Step 4, the plantation of host plant selects: Seedling Stage selects draft host to have false Artemisia, plants together with Lignum Santali Albi seedling, field planting
When away from 2.0 centimetres of almug plus kinds 4 plants, various 1 plants in sandalwood seedling four side after 3 months；
Step 5, liquid manure is applied, and little 3 months seedling stages topdress once, and with compound fertilizer, 150 grams/times, next year topdresses twice, topdresses as 3
~ August part, topdresses before rain；
Step 6, (1) reseeds, (2) Radix Saposhnikoviae, (3) weeding pine gear soil, and (4) expand cave ridging, (5) pruning truncation, more than 3.5 meters of the height of tree
Truncation, (6) insect protected is removed the evil, and is sprayed with Bravo liquid and prevents and treats, (7) periodically topdress, and age of tree age of tree the first half in 6 age chases after no less than 2 times
Fertile.
The invention has the advantage that planting conditions wide adaptability, mountain region forest land does not limit, and plants easily, convenient management, extensive pipe
Reason, early knot heartwood, yield is high, remarkable in economical benefits.
Specific embodiment
Describe the present invention below.
First, geographical selection:
L, landform select: different landform causes different subenvironments, and by the other life to Lignum Santali Albi for the ecological factor of impact
Length works.Therefore, when selecting Lignum Santali Albi reproducing area, landform be should consideration first factor.Plain, basin and intermountain Pingba are exhausted
Great majority have been developed as farmland, and the development of Lignum Santali Albi should not strive ground with farmland, on the other hand, these soils, particularly rice terrace, by
In long-term cultivation, define one layer of consolidation, the plough sole of unfavorable air-and water-permeable under arable layer, being difficult to of Lignum Santali Albi root system is stretched；
Meanwhile, the invasion and attack of the spacious easy raying in level land and depression frost, and easy hydrops, typically should not plant Lignum Santali Albi.According to Lignum Santali Albi
Growth characteristics, the first-selected landform of afforestation is hillside fields.Preferably, topographical elevation difference can reduce between plant simultaneously for slope soil draining
Cover mutually, beneficial to three-dimensional daylighting.But mountain region slope aspect is different, sunshine difference is big, to temperature, air humidity, the soil moisture, soil
The activities such as moisture, soil microorganism all have an impact.Lignum Santali Albi is heliophilous species, reacts sensitive to intensity of illumination, therefore reproducing area should
Select hillside fields on the sunny side and the foot of a mountain.
2nd, soil selects: the requirement to soil for the Lignum Santali Albi is not very strict, as long as well-drained acid soil all can grow, to dredge
Loose, ventilative, ph value is optimal between 5～6.5, rich in the sandy red soil of subacidity of the nutrition such as ferrum, phosphorus, potassium, alluvial soil.Avoid glutinous
Soil, solonchak and basic soil.The depth of soil determines the Vegetation space of Lignum Santali Albi and its host's root system, and can directly affect forest land
Retain water and nutrients ability, soil layer is excessively shallow, barren, and Lignum Santali Albi undergrowth is it is difficult to become a useful person.Lignum Santali Albi is shallow root plant, root system master
It is distributed in the soil layer within earth's surface 20～30, but main root is up to below 1m, therefore, the soil layer Ying Shen in Lignum Santali Albi forest land
Reach 1m.
3rd, subsoil water and exclusion: Lignum Santali Albi root system avoids hydrops most, even if short-term hydrops also can cause root system to rot, leads to Lignum Santali Albi dead
Die.Therefore, within 1m or rainy season the place of hydrops all may should not plant Lignum Santali Albi to level of ground water.The orchard of Southern Rural Area is general
Plantation shrub and dungarunga type subtropical fruit, most of fruit trees can be built in as the host plant of Lignum Santali Albi more simultaneously in the orchard
Gentle slope area, has good landform, edaphic condition, and draining irrigating facility is generally more perfect, interplants wingceltis therefore in orchard
Perfume (or spice), is cost-effective, additional income two acts just.
Additionally, near rustic home, having fragmentary public land the edge of a field rand, and land occupation condition is typically preferable more, have more shrubbery and
Arboreal growth, locates to insert kind of a Lignum Santali Albi suitable, not only can make full use of soil but also be easy to manage, more can increase economic benefit.
2nd, Seeding planting: though Lignum Santali Albi belongs to the seeds of low level management, the condition requiring in addition to temperature does not include harshness, its
Yield and quality and cultivation management have important relation.Cultivation step is proper, and fast-growing is long soon, early knot heartwood, and economic worth is high,
If improper measures, not only poor growth, severe patient can lead to morbidity dead.
L, site preparation: build Lignum Santali Albi woods in the location of original wildwood or artificial forest, should avoid excessively cutting down, in order to avoid ground
Face is exposed, by rain drop erosion and direct sunlight.According to test, cultivate clearly forest land trees, ground surface evaporating capacity can be made to increase 4-5 times；In drought
In season, in earth's surface 15, the water content of soil can reduce by 2/3rds；Simultaneously because Oxidation aggravation, the organic matter of soil will be big
For reducing, and weeds easily invade, all unfavorable Lignum Santali Albi growth.Therefore, only non-Lignum Santali Albi host need to be struck off, sparsely fell overstocked trees,
Make woodland have sufficient transmittance, retain suitable primary tree and shrubs and be host.Open cave in woodland, seeding row spacing need not be strict
Require；Also need during afforestation to supplement some shrub hosts.Using deserted mountain afforestation, such as ground is seldom suitable for doing the tree of Lignum Santali Albi host
Kind, conditional can entirely cultivate, then press planning plantation sandalwood seedling and host tree and green manure plant.Reproducing area natural vegetation is as fitted
Lignum Santali Albi host tree species are done in conjunction, then need not entirely cultivate, and only need to carry out partial soil preparation.Cave-shaped site preparation motility is larger it is adaptable to various stand
Ground condition, and time and labour saving.
2nd, caving ＆ fertilizing: the feature of Lignum Santali Albi is that the first five years growth is rapid, grows gradually slow, therefore, early stage is to fertility later
Requirement higher.Catch this characteristic, lower sufficient base manure, promote it and mushroom out, become a useful person early.
Plant plant hole specification to be advisable with 55cm × 55cm × 60cm or 65cm × 85cm × 65cm, the undesirable area suggestion of soil property is deep
1.2 meters about of degree；Seeding row spacing 2m × 3m, can plant 80 plants about of Lignum Santali Albi for every mu.When digging cave, table soil and cubsoil are separated, stacks
In order, it is mixed into rough sand in table soil.Need the kind plant hole of improved soil, can use the mixing such as the pool mud air-drying, rubbish mud, baked wheaten cake soil miscellaneous
Soil replaces partly original cave soil.The method returning cave-applied fertilizer is proper: first mixes sand table soil in vain in the high solarization in cave Di Pu1/3 cave, then
Put 1/3 cave height and mix husky miscellaneous soil, the animal manure fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is fertile and 300g calcium superphosphate, 200g compound fertilizer are in 1:1.5 ratio by 9 jin, a traditional unit of weight
Mix thoroughly with sandy soil, ring leans against four sides in cave, finally table soil, rough sand are piled go back to cave and waited to plant, highly should exceed about 25 than ground.
Return cave principle be field planting after Seedling base soil be consistently higher than ground around.Especially it is noted that alkaline family can't be used fertile (such as
The fertile ph value of mushroom up to more than 8.0) as base manure, otherwise may result in growth of seedling bad or even dead.
3rd, the field planting of seedling: summer may be selected for resident time or autumn feels nice and cool season, preferably the moon after light rain or saturating rain
Its plantation.Other seasons can also plant if any artificial water drenching, it is desirable that avoiding overheated excessively cold dog days and severe winter.Plant hole returns
Soil ten after a few days, when cave soil heavy real slightly above ground, then opens cave plantation.During plantation, 110 grams of skin sirloin pellets are mixed into cave soil, prevent
Subterranean pest-insect endangers root system.For ensureing that seedling survives, directly contact muck in the seedling root two months of planting should be avoided, otherwise
It is likely to result in butt rot.During field planting, seedling nutrition poly-bag is carefully cut off, never do to dissipate by the mass of soil in bag, mass of soil is necessary
Positioned at plant hole center.When earthing is up to soil ball 2/3, plant soil (being sure not foot to step on) in fact with hand pressure, fixing soil ball is not sunk, and keeps nursery stock
Rectify, finally fill up table soil in gap, depth is only to cover root system.Root water is poured, even if rain also will drench after plant
Foot；As met drought after kind, want water drenching once within every two days, about 3 kilograms of the water yield, till growth is stable.After plantation 16 days, drench loose stool
The compound rich water of water or 1% concentration can help Lignum Santali Albi seedling to recover rapidly tree vigo(u)r.
3rd, the configuration of host and plantation: configure abundant, excellent host plant to provide nutrition and moisture, build a conjunction
The stand structure of reason, is the key of Lignum Santali Albi afforestation success or failure.The main root of Lignum Santali Albi is undeveloped, and horizontal branch is flourishing, often has crab rooting, horizontal branch
With absorption root depth is between 45 cm, belong to shallow rooted plant, the respiratory capacity of root is big, absorption root has sucker, attached suction is in host plant
Root system above, draw nutrient, root growth therefore the to be selected seeds similar to Lignum Santali Albi make host.
4th, the option and installment of host plant: the host plant of various places select also can because environment, need different and slightly no
With.Suggestion selects three big class: one is well developed root system and is that horizontal branch is many, has the plant of root nodule bacteria, such as leguminous plant mountain green soyabeanss
Deng plant；Two is the plant selecting to have economic worth, as fruits: Fructus Litchi, Arillus Longan, Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi, Semen Castaneae, Punica granatum L., kind stone
Pomegranate, Citrus, Fructus Citri grandiss, Fructus Kaki, Folium Eriobotryae, carambola etc.；There are the Lignum Sappan that Chinese medicine is worth, Cassia siamea, catechu, Japanese Nuzhen, an ancient nationality in China, ancestors of the Manchus, who founded the Jin Dynasty, Folium Et Cacumen Murrayae etc.；
Ornamental plant class has Caulis et folium clerodendri bungei, Flos Jasmini Sambac, Flos Gardeniae, Flos Plumeriae Acutifoliae, phoenix phoenix wood etc..Three is the local seeds selecting slightly to give birth to, grow directly from seeds,
As Albizzia falcata (L) Baker et Merr., acacia rachii class, Casuarina equisetifolia L., numb chinaberry etc..It was verified that mixing host is more beneficial for Lignum Santali Albi growth than single host,
More meet the theory of balanced nutritious.
Become the selection principle of tree phase permanent host it is necessary to consider following primary condition:
1. fit natural disposition strong, well developed root system, there is certain drought-resistant ability, can be in the soil-grown of soil fertility middle and lower level.
2. life-span length, can be for a long time with the growth of Lignum Santali Albi.
3. branch is high, and crotch angle is little, and tree crown is narrower, or branch dredges leaf carefully, and light transmission is good, does not cause sylvan life excessively closing.
4. germination is strong, resistance to pruning.The host of configuration sylvan life should select the stronger species of shade tolerance.Except above primary condition
Outward, the selection of permanent host also host tree the to be considered economic well-being of workers and staff of itself.Later stage host ideal at present is configured to
" Lignum Santali Albi pears " and " Lignum Santali Albi Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum " cropping pattern.Flower pears and the rare tree of Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum Dou Shi South China, it is suitable angry wait and
Soil requirement is essentially identical with Lignum Santali Albi, on the one hand can be used as the host of Lignum Santali Albi, and on the other hand, host possesses very high warp in itself
Ji benefit.Two rare trees are planted simultaneously, are symbiosis doulbe-sides' victory, bring out the best in each other.The Lignum Santali Albi that Fructus Litchi, mandarin orange are also excellent is posted
Main seeds.For many years, the Southern Rural Area extensively industrial crops inefficiencies such as the Fructus Litchi of plantation, mandarin orange, a large amount of orchards are because serious
Lose and be in uncultivated state, grower has a nasty taste, hesitates to discard, and income is severely impacted.As interplanted wingceltis in fruit-bearing forest
Perfume (or spice), first solves the crag-fast difficult situation of owner, second can make full use of land development high yield planting industry, is an arrow
The optimum selection of double carvings.
5th, the plantation of host plant: the plantation of Lignum Santali Albi and the plantation of host have inherent association, and no matter total principle is
Much can reticulate distribution with the root system of host from Lignum Santali Albi seedling to big almug root system, intermesh, so more favourable
In Lignum Santali Albi root system from host's root system nutrient.The plantation of host is similar to Lignum Santali Albi plantation, except that implantation time and position.
Needs according to the growth course of Lignum Santali Albi and host is divided into draft, shrub, arbor.Draft host has false Artemisia etc., is generally used for
Lignum Santali Albi Seedling Stage.This kind of host is planted together with sandalwood seedling.Bagged seedlings with partly false Artemisia, need in addition away from Lignum Santali Albi during field planting
20 all around add plants 4 plants, and after the several months, sandalwood seedling will be surrounded by false Artemisia.Shrub plant mainly has mountain green soyabeanss, Flos Gardeniae, bright red
Flower, Herba Catharanthi Rosei etc., various one plants at Lignum Santali Albi both sides 90.Magaphanerophytes are the permanent hosts that Lignum Santali Albi becomes the tree phase, typically exist
Insert to plant after Lignum Santali Albi field planting a year and a half and be advisable.In the middle of eight plants of Lignum Santali Albis, one plant of arbor host of plantation can meet the growth of Lignum Santali Albi.As
Fruit host's death will be reseeded immediately, and the otherwise growth of Lignum Santali Albi will be affected.Plantation host it is noted that reserved work trade it is impossible to
Totally-enclosed, in order to avoid impact ventilation, printing opacity and management operation.
6th, tending management: Lignum Santali Albi is the apparent seeds of growth periodicity.According to observational study, Lignum Santali Albi growth in first 5 years is very fast, 6 ages
The speed of growth is substantially slack-off later.Therefore, the emphases of supervision of Lignum Santali Albi is first 5 years, and management it is critical only that carries out following link:
L, water and fertilizer management: Lignum Santali Albi avoids hydrops most, hypervolia easily causes root system to rot, but the very few same undergrowth of the water yield.
Lignum Santali Albi growth period, need to supplement according to the moisture content that plant growth condition carries out timely and appropriate discovery.As the continuous rainy day, then it is noted that opening
Ditch water discharge, guards against root system hydrops, and the Lignum Santali Albi leaveves of long-term hydrops can gradually turn yellow, growth retardation, leads to plant dead when serious.
Feature according to Lignum Santali Albi growth cycle, it then follows the first five years suitably topdress, minimizing in 5 to eight years is topdressed, and stop after 8 years topdressing is former
Then, the method topdressed has foliage-spray, table soil to impose.Available fertilizer mainly has carbamide, potassium chloride, compound fertilizer, farm manure
Deng depending on concrete application concentration should see seedling size and growing way.The best each two moon in seedling stage topdresses once, every time with being combined
Fertile 150 grams, Second Year rises and topdresses twice every year, applies forest special fertilizer or 160 grams about of import compound fertilizer for the first time, such as leaf of Lignum Santali Albi
Little and yellow long potential difference, then can every plant be affixed by 1 liang of carbamide.Apply 4 jin of farm manure plus the calcium superphosphate 120 that compost is crossed for every plant for the second time
Gram.Dressing time is annual the first ten-day period of the March and late August, topdresses ideal before rain.
2nd, host's management: the vigorous growth of host tree is the health reassurance of Lignum Santali Albi, and field management must be treated on an equal basis with Lignum Santali Albi, but
Impact forest land illumination, the host of ventilation will periodically prune, and plant height can not be more than Lignum Santali Albi.Must mend in time if any host's death
Kind.
3rd, Radix Saposhnikoviae: Lignum Santali Albi children phase trunk is high and tiny, is easily rolled over by wind, or significantly wind rocking and affect to survive.Windy
Area, is supported in case wind rocking windbreak with bamboo stem after Lignum Santali Albi field planting.Bamboo stem length is advisable with 1.5m, is handed over three bamboo stem with plastic ties
Fork binding, but must not tie too tight.Bamboo stem and plastic ties will be made regular check on, in case rotten rupture or deform little tree ankle injury.
4th, weeding is loosened the soil: weeding and loosening the soil is carried out simultaneously.Weeds have extremely vigorous growing power and reproductive capacity, not only fight for Lignum Santali Albi
The nutrient in forest land and moisture, hide insect, pathogenic bacteria again, therefore will timely weeding guarantee Lignum Santali Albi healthy growth.Loosen the soil permissible
Keep soil from packing together, strengthen the gas permeability of soil, promote the Repiration of root system, the pollution of soil surface can be removed simultaneously again
Thing, can also control moisture etc..Because Lignum Santali Albi is shallow root system plant, it is noted that shallow pine when loosening the soil, it is advisable with 2-3cm.
5th, expand cave ridging: in the growth early stage of Lignum Santali Albi, annual expansion cave is once developed highly beneficial to root system.Expand cave to throw with tree crown
Shadow zone domain is boundary, excavates a circle in projecting edge ring tree, and depth is advisable with 30 centimetres.The hack excavating is cultivated and looked after around plant,
But it is noted that soil can not cover butt.
6th, pruning truncation: for promoting the fast-growth of Lignum Santali Albi and graceful tree-like formation, need to be in new at the beginning of annual winter Mo or spring
Bud carries out primary tiller leaf pruning before sprouting, and the old and the weak's branch, withered branch, sick branch, overstocked branch, the branch of excessive growth is wiped out, with sharp plant
Metabolism, and keep obvious trunk, improve and material increase benefit.The branch cut is concentrated to stack and is burned, with pest control and
Pathogenic bacteria grows.Lignum Santali Albi has obvious trunk, but after trunk is damaged by worms or wrecked by windburn, can newly send out branch many, forms two
Trunk more than bar.For avoiding yield and the quality of how dry competitive influence heartwood, as early as possible unnecessary shoot must be cut off, only stay one
Bar shoot the most healthy and the strongest cultivates into trunk.
The economic worth of Lignum Santali Albi depends on the diameter of stem and heartwood.According to cutting comparative study, Lignum Santali Albi heartwood maximum is simultaneously
And The cream of the crop is the above 3.5m of butt, remaining height core material ratio is less.Therefore, in almug up to 4.5m
During left and right, answer artificial its top tip of breaking, controlling the height growth of Lignum Santali Albi, thus promoting the increasing of Lignum Santali Albi trunk slightly, increasing further
The yield of heartwood.
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the impact of climate and environment, Lignum Santali Albi seedling, it is possible that some pest and disease damages, at this moment will adopt
The method of science is preventing and treating.The Major Diseases in Lignum Santali Albi seedling stage and prevention and controls are:
1. powdery mildew: mainly encroach on blade, condition of illness the little speckle of scattered white lead shape for blade, and progressively develops into leaf
The all white floss powder of positive and negative, eventually becomes yellow and comes off.Occur mainly in the weather of a run of wet weather.
Prevention and controls: strengthen management, suitably prune host, cleaning diseased plant is to reduce infection in time.With embroidering, powder is peaceful or triazolone 850
Times even spraying 4 times, can play preferable prevention effect.
2. damping-off: cardinal symptom is aggrieved nursery stock stem is in yellowish-brown scab it is seen that there being the mycelium of white.Later stage Seedling
Wood is dampinged off, and when serious, plant is dead, and this disease is mainly bad caused by drainage of soil.
Prevention and controls: strengthen the drainage management in forest land, the Pluvial strictly controls moisture.Available thiophanate methyl or 850 times of carbendazim
Liquid spraying preventing and treating.
3. leaf graywall: cardinal symptom shows on old leaf piece, brown by the tip of leaf and edge, the later stage becomes
Canescence is become to add pore.Prevention and controls: remove diseased plant, strengthen management, suitably topdress to improve the resistances against diseases of nursery stock, can
Prevented and treated with Bravo or 1100 times of liquid sprayings of carbendazim.
4. root rot: be a kind of Common Diseases, seedling, earsh and big tree all can occur.Their early stage can use 5% Tuzet
850 times of liquid of wettable powder, or 1100 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate, or the 650 times of sprinkling preventing and treatings of 70% Dexon powder.
In South China, the Major Pests endangering Lignum Santali Albi have:
1. Herba Taxilli white butterfly: white butterfly is the Cure of Main Leaves-eaten Pests of Lignum Santali Albi, causes harm mainly larval phase, and the harm to Lignum Santali Albi is maximum,
When serious, blade can be eaten up, prevention and controls withered to branch: the ovum of parasitic white butterfly, larva and pupa are all concentrated very much, extracts and concentrates
Destroy；Or at candlelight point, with 90% omethoate or 850 times of liquid of metrifonate, or the 1250 times of liquid spraying preventing and treatings of 80% dichlorvos.
2. chafer: adult main harm blade, larva is Holotrichia diomphalia Batess, underground harm plant root of hiding.Adult can be lured with light
Kill, or prevented and treated with 90% metrifonate, 1100 times of liquid of 40% omethoate, Peasants Joy or 1550 times of sprayings of emamectin benzoate；Larva is with 90% enemy
The each 850 times of liquid of hundred worms, 50% zinc sulphuric acid pour poisoning.
3. borer: the top twig of main harm nursery stock.Mixing fresh peanut cake with metrifonate or dichlorvos can be effective
Preventing and treating, or in 6 high-incidence season in July omethoates or 550 times of metrifonate, block hole with syringe grout or with medicine puree.
4. black cutworm: mainly sting root and the stem of food treelet, in conjunction with field management manual catching and killing larva, or 90% can be used
850 times of liquid of trichlorphon or the spraying of 1100 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, or larval phase Bayer 71628 or dichlorvos etc. drench in
In soil, kill its larva.
5. weevil: become insect bite food Lignum Santali Albi blade twig, cause branch to dry up dead.Can manual catching and killing, or use 50% Bayer 71628
850 times of liquid sprayings.
Additionally, also red spider, looper, digramma brauni porthesia similis (fues.), leaf roller, assist in vain psychid, locust, Achatina fulica(Ferussae), Gryllotalpa, etc. insect be
Evil.
South China of China, the Lignum Santali Albi treelet in 5-6 age, managing proper, fertile soil, under conditions of host's abundance, the height of tree can
Reach 8m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is up to 11cm；As not enough in mismanagement, host, then typically can only achieve the 2/3 or 1/2 of the above-mentioned speed of growth.But
After 6 ages, plant strain growth speed is substantially slack-off, and after forming heartwood about 10 ages, slow raw state becomes apparent from.
Lignum Santali Albi substantially belongs to the seeds of low level management, as long as management in first 5 years is proper, just can accomplish fluently the good basis in the future become a useful person,
No serious pest and disease damage generation, host tree normal growth only need to be ensured after 6th year.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of almug early ties heartwood planting technology and its method it is characterised in that its method and step is:
Step 1, physical features selects:
(1) select sun to hillside fields；
(2) select, subacidity high rich in ferrum, phosphorus, potassium, ph value 6.6, sandy laterite, avoid meta-alkalescence, cement soil, soil layer 1.2
More than rice；
(3) underground hydrops are avoided, level of ground water is more than 1.2 meters；
Step 2, seedling is colonized:
(1) site preparation is opened up wasteland, and becomes artificial forest to make Lignum Santali Albi woods in wildwood, takes into account and plant host tree and green manure plant, newly ward off wasteland complete
Cultivate；
(2) plant pit applies determine root manure: cave rule: 50 50 40 70 70 60 centimetres, 2 2.5 meters of seeding row spacing, every mu of kind 50 ~
55 plants, cave bottom paving is shone and is mixed sand table soil in vain, then puts husky miscellaneous soil, abundant well-rotted farmyard manure and compound fertilizer's mixture are gone back to cave；
(3) it is colonized seedling: open cave plantation in summer and autumn cloudy day in rainy season, first by nutrient cup opening, the mass of soil reservation of Seedling root is agglomerating
Plant hole hits exactly earthing, and water drenching drenches loose stool water and/or compound fertilizer after 16 days；
Step 3, host tree configuration plantation:
(1) root growth seeds similar to almug are selected to make host；
(2) host plant selects: a have root nodule bacteria to section class plant, b has the Fructus Pruni pseudocerasi of economic worth, Fructus Litchi, Arillus Longan class plant；c
Select slightly life, the Casuarina equisetifolia L. grown directly from seeds, acacia rachii；
Step 4, the plantation of host plant selects: Seedling Stage selects draft host to have false Artemisia, plants together with Lignum Santali Albi seedling, field planting
When away from 2.0 centimetres of almug plus kinds 4 plants, various 1 plants in sandalwood seedling four side after 3 months；
Step 5, liquid manure is applied, and little 3 months seedling stages topdress once, and with compound fertilizer, 150 grams/times, next year topdresses twice, topdresses as 3
~ August part, topdresses before rain；
Step 6, (1) reseeds, (2) Radix Saposhnikoviae, (3) weeding pine gear soil, and (4) expand cave ridging, (5) pruning truncation, more than 3.5 meters of the height of tree
Truncation, (6) insect protected is removed the evil, and is sprayed with Bravo liquid and prevents and treats, (7) periodically topdress, and age of tree age of tree the first half in 6 age chases after no less than 2 times
Fertile.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107006325A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-04 | 朱锦生 | A kind of cultural method of promotion santal fast breeding |
| CN109006145A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-18 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | A kind of Tending methods formed without destructive promotion dalbergia odorifera heartwood |
| CN110506556A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Growth control method is positioned manually in a kind of Hainan Huanghua Pear core material |
| CN111657042A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-15 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Planting method for promoting formation of pterocarpus indicus heartwood |
| CN113575257A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-02 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107006325A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-04 | 朱锦生 | A kind of cultural method of promotion santal fast breeding |
| CN109006145A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-18 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | A kind of Tending methods formed without destructive promotion dalbergia odorifera heartwood |
| CN110506556A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Growth control method is positioned manually in a kind of Hainan Huanghua Pear core material |
| CN111657042A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-15 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Planting method for promoting formation of pterocarpus indicus heartwood |
| CN111657042B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-03 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | Planting method for promoting formation of pterocarpus indicus heartwood |
| CN113575257A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-02 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Cultivation method for keeping sandalwood vigorous growth and promoting trunk thickening |
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