CN106244488A - A kind of preparation method of efficient straw decomposing agent - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of efficient straw decomposing agent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of efficient straw decomposing agent, belong to decomposing agent preparing technical field.The present invention first selects the thalline in the rotten wood of long mushroom, and carry out enrichment culture bacterium solution, again by Trichoderma atroviride microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, it is inoculated into fermentation culture in fermentation medium after saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum and bacillus thuringiensis agent slant activation respectively, each strain fermentating liquid is mixed to obtain mixed fermentation liquid, and concentrate after mixing with bacterium solution, it is prepared into absorption carrier and concentrated solution mixing, efficient straw decomposing agent can be prepared, the straw decomposing inoculant that the present invention prepares, decomposition speed is fast, can degradable straw, the release of straw nutrient can be promoted, strengthen the improvement of soil fertility effect of straw-returning, improve the effect of biological effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of efficient straw decomposing agent, belong to decomposing agent preparing technical field.
Background technology
Crop Straw in China annual production about 700,000,000 t, is one of abundant country of stalk resource, and straw is as one for a long time
Kind of resource is not the most utilized effectively, and a large amount of straws are dropped, burn, and this does not only result in a large amount of of organic matter and nutrients resource
Waste, and serious environmental pollution can be caused.The most each agricultural developed country mostly pay much attention to soil with support combine and
Developing eco-agriculture, straw-returning and farm manure account for the 2/3 of total fertilization amount, and therefore, straw-returning is as an advanced protection
Property farming technique, the most each agricultural developed country obtain enough attention and support, wherein the U.S. straw-returning as
A key technology in Farming System, Japanese then straw directly returning to field as the Law enforcement in agricultural production.China is for many years
Produce it was verified that straw-returning can increase soil organic matter content effectively, improve soil, culture fertility.But soil C, N
Ratio is high, the most perishable, and the Chang Yin amount of turning over is excessive, soil moisture is not enough, and appearance hinders farming, affects bad phenomenon such as emerging.
Therefore, how to realize efficiently the becoming thoroughly decomposed of straw-returning, to form high-quality decomposition product be to improve stalk resource profit
By efficiency and lifting soil fertility, the key of increase crop biological effect.There are some researches show, organic matter decomposing inoculant has
It is improved straw decomposition speed, promotion straw nutrients release, the improvement of soil fertility effect of promotion straw-returning, improves biological effect
Effect.
There is substantial amounts of rice straw in China, wherein brings a lot of problem, full dose rice straw mechanization also Tanaka, encounters rice straw
Amount is big, and also field is become thoroughly decomposed slowly, and rice straw is not easy degraded, thus result in and emerge, and wholely with the easy anoxia of seedling growth, easily lodges,
The new problems such as HUANGMIAO.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that present invention mainly solves: have substantial amounts of rice straw for current China, wherein bring a lot of problem,
Full dose rice straw mechanization also Tanaka, encountering rice straw amount big, and become thoroughly decomposed in field, efficiency is slow, and rice straw is not easy degraded, thus causes
Emerge, wholelyly and the problem of the easy anoxia of seedling growth, it is provided that the preparation method of a kind of efficient straw decomposing agent, the present invention is first
Select the thalline in the rotten wood of long mushroom, and carry out enrichment culture bacterium solution, then by Trichoderma atroviride microbial inoculum, hay spore
Fermentation training it is inoculated in fermentation medium after bacillus agent, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum and bacillus thuringiensis agent slant activation respectively
Support, each strain fermentating liquid is mixed to obtain mixed fermentation liquid, and concentrate after mix with bacterium solution, be prepared into absorption carrier and concentrated solution is mixed
Closing, can prepare efficient straw decomposing agent, the straw decomposing inoculant that the present invention prepares, decomposition speed is fast, can drop completely
Solve straw, the release that straw nutrient can be promoted, the improvement of soil fertility effect strengthening straw-returning, the effect of raising biological effect.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
(1) choose the 500~700g wood having rotted long mushroom, wood be chopped into the wood grain that particle diameter is 3~5cm,
Wood grain 1:5 in mass ratio is added in sterilized water and soaks, and in sterilized water, add 40~60g sucrose, 30~40g
Peptone, 3~5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4g magnesium sulfate, soak 3~5 days at a temperature of 37 DEG C, filter to obtain soak after immersion;
(2) weigh respectively 1~3g potassium nitrate, 1~3g ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4g calcium chloride, 0.3~0.5g Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3
~5g calcium carbonate, 0.01~0.03g ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 1~3g peptone, 4~6g microcrystalline Cellulose, 10~12g60~80
Mesh corn straw powder and 800~1000mL sterilized water, obtain enrichment culture liquid, by above-mentioned soak by connecing after being uniformly mixed
Plant amount 3~5% and add in enrichment medium, under the conditions of 37 DEG C and 120~150r/min, seal shaking table cultivate 20~30h, cultivation
After i.e. can get bacterium solution, standby;
(3) count by weight, choose respectively 10~15 parts of glucoses, 10~15 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 10~12 parts of soy peptones,
5~10 parts of Carnis Bovis seu Bubali creams, 3~5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1~3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5~1.0 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.5
~1.0 parts of calcium chloride, 0.5~1.0 part of sodium chloride, stirring mixing after at a temperature of 120~125 DEG C sterilization treatment 10~15min,
Obtain fermentation medium;
(4) respectively Trichoderma atroviride microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum and bacillus thuringiensis agent are put respectively
Enter the activation of slant medium ramp, then select the bacterial strain activated and be respectively connected to above-mentioned fermentation culture by inoculum concentration 5~7%
In base, and putting in fermentation tank, carry out fermentation culture under the conditions of 30~40 DEG C respectively, fermentation to each strain has in culture fluid
Effect viable count reaches 106~108Individual/mL, must filter after fermentation, obtains fermentation liquid, and each strain fermentating liquid is mixed to obtain mixed fermentation
Liquid, puts in concentration tank after bacterium solution 5:1 by volume mixing standby to mixed fermentation liquid and step (2), is concentrated into original volume
20~30%, obtain concentrated solution;Described slant medium is wort agar culture medium;
(5) count by weight, choose respectively 10~20 parts of Testa Tritici, 15~20 parts of walnut shells, 18~20 parts of kieselguhr, 8~10
Part Maifanitum and 15~20 parts of humic acid, put in pulverizer, crosses 100~120 mesh sieves, obtain absorption carrier after pulverizing, will absorption
Carrier and above-mentioned concentrated solution 2:1 in mass ratio mixing, be uniformly mixed rear natural air drying, can be prepared by straw decomposing inoculant.
The application process of the present invention: corn straw is banked up, every 10~15cm thickness be one layer, every layer is spread fertilizer over the fields this
The decomposing agent of bright preparation, decomposing agent consumption is the 5~7% of straw quality, and whole heap material moisture controls 50~60%, and every heap is high
1.5~2.0m, heap wide 1.5~2m, and seal heap with plastic sheeting, prevent moisture loss, corn straw decomposition speed can be made to carry
High 40~50%, straw can be realized degradable.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) straw decomposing inoculant that the present invention prepares, decomposition speed is fast, can promote straw nutrients release, strengthen straw also
The improvement of soil fertility effect in field, the effect of raising biological effect;
(2) straw decomposing inoculant that the present invention prepares, preparation technology is simple, with low cost, can realize the degradable of straw.
Detailed description of the invention
First choose the 500~700g wood having rotted long mushroom, wood is chopped into the wood that particle diameter is 3~5cm
Granule, adds in sterilized water soak wood grain 1:5 in mass ratio, and add in sterilized water 40~60g sucrose, 30
~40g peptone, 3~5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4g magnesium sulfate, soak 3~5 days at a temperature of 37 DEG C, after immersion, filter to obtain leaching
Bubble liquid;Weigh respectively 1~3g potassium nitrate, 1~3g ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4g calcium chloride, 0.3~0.5g Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3~
5g calcium carbonate, 0.01~0.03g ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 1~3g peptone, 4~6g microcrystalline Cellulose, 10~12g60~80 mesh
Corn straw powder and 800~1000mL sterilized water, obtain enrichment culture liquid, by above-mentioned soak by inoculation after being uniformly mixed
Amount 3~5% adds in enrichment medium, seals shaking table and cultivate 20~30h, after cultivation under the conditions of 37 DEG C and 120~150r/min
I.e. can get bacterium solution, standby;Count by weight, choose respectively 10~15 parts of glucoses, 10~15 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 10~12 parts
Soy peptone, 5~10 parts of Carnis Bovis seu Bubali creams, 3~5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1~3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5~1.0
Part magnesium sulfate, 0.5~1.0 part of calcium chloride, 0.5~1.0 part of sodium chloride, after stirring mixing at a temperature of 120~125 DEG C at sterilizing
Reason 10~15min, obtains fermentation medium;Respectively by Trichoderma atroviride microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum and Su Yun
Gold bacillus cereus agent is respectively put into the activation of slant medium ramp, then selects the bacterial strain that activated by inoculum concentration 5~7% point
Not accessing in above-mentioned fermentation medium, and put in fermentation tank, carry out fermentation culture under the conditions of 30~40 DEG C respectively, fermentation is extremely
Each strain living bacteria count in culture fluid reaches 106~108Individual/mL, must filter after fermentation, obtains fermentation liquid, and is sent out by each strain
Ferment liquid mixes to obtain mixed fermentation liquid, puts in concentration tank after mixed fermentation liquid and standby bacterium solution 5:1 by volume being mixed, dense
It is reduced to original volume 20~30%, obtains concentrated solution;Described slant medium is wort agar culture medium;Count by weight, respectively
Choose 10~20 parts of Testa Tritici, 15~20 parts of walnut shells, 18~20 parts of kieselguhr, 8~10 parts of Maifanitums and 15~20 parts of humic acid,
Put in pulverizer, cross 100~120 mesh sieves after pulverizing, obtain absorption carrier, by absorption carrier and above-mentioned concentrated solution in mass ratio 2:
1 mixing, is uniformly mixed rear natural air drying, can be prepared by straw decomposing inoculant.
Example 1
First choose 500g to have rotted the wood of long mushroom, wood is chopped into the wood grain that particle diameter is 3cm, by wood
The grain addition sterilized water of 1:5 in mass ratio soaks, and in sterilized water, adds 40g sucrose, 30g peptone, 3g di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium, 2g magnesium sulfate, soak 3 days at a temperature of 37 DEG C, filter to obtain soak after immersion;Weigh 1g potassium nitrate, 1g phosphoric acid respectively
Ammonium dihydrogen, 2g calcium chloride, 0.3g Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3g calcium carbonate, 0.01g ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 1g peptone, 4g microcrystalline cellulose
Element, 10g60 mesh corn straw powder and 800mL sterilized water, obtain enrichment culture liquid, pressed by above-mentioned soak after being uniformly mixed
Inoculum concentration 3% adds in enrichment medium, seals shaking table and cultivate 20h under the conditions of 37 DEG C and 120r/min, the most available after cultivation
Bacterium solution, standby;Count by weight, choose 10 parts of glucoses, 10 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 10 parts of soy peptones, 5 parts of beef respectively
Cream, 3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.5 part of calcium chloride, 0.5 part of sodium chloride, stirring
After mixing at a temperature of 120 DEG C sterilization treatment 10min, obtain fermentation medium;Respectively by Trichoderma atroviride microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis
Agent, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum and bacillus thuringiensis agent are respectively put into the activation of slant medium ramp, then select and activate
Bacterial strain be respectively connected in above-mentioned fermentation medium by inoculum concentration 5%, and put in fermentation tank, carry out respectively under the conditions of 30 DEG C
Fermentation culture, fermentation to each strain living bacteria count in culture fluid reaches 106Individual/mL, must filter after fermentation, obtain fermentation liquid,
And each strain fermentating liquid is mixed to obtain mixed fermentation liquid, put after mixed fermentation liquid and standby bacterium solution 5:1 by volume are mixed
Enter in concentration tank, be concentrated into original volume 20%, obtain concentrated solution;Described slant medium is wort agar culture medium;By weight
Number meter, chooses 10 parts of Testa Tritici, 15 parts of walnut shells, 18 parts of kieselguhr, 8 parts of Maifanitums and 15 parts of humic acid respectively, puts into pulverizer
In, cross 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing, obtain absorption carrier, absorption carrier and above-mentioned concentrated solution 2:1 in mass ratio are mixed, stirring mixing
Natural air drying after uniformly, can be prepared by straw decomposing inoculant.
Being banked up by corn straw, every 10cm thickness is one layer, and every layer is spread fertilizer over the fields decomposing agent prepared by the present invention, decomposing agent
Consumption is the 5% of straw quality, and whole heap material moisture controls 50%, every heap height 1.5m, heap width 1.5m, and seals with plastic sheeting
Heap, prevents moisture loss, corn straw decomposition speed can be made to improve 40%, can realize straw degradable.
Example 2
First choose 600g to have rotted the wood of long mushroom, wood is chopped into the wood grain that particle diameter is 4cm, by wood
The grain addition sterilized water of 1:5 in mass ratio soaks, and in sterilized water, adds 50g sucrose, 35g peptone, 4g di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium, 3g magnesium sulfate, soak 4 days at a temperature of 37 DEG C, filter to obtain soak after immersion;Weigh 2g potassium nitrate, 2g phosphoric acid respectively
Ammonium dihydrogen, 3g calcium chloride, 0.4g Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 4g calcium carbonate, 0.02g ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 2g peptone, 5g microcrystalline cellulose
Element, 11g70 mesh corn straw powder and 900mL sterilized water, obtain enrichment culture liquid, pressed by above-mentioned soak after being uniformly mixed
Inoculum concentration 4% adds in enrichment medium, seals shaking table and cultivate 25h under the conditions of 37 DEG C and 135r/min, the most available after cultivation
Bacterium solution, standby;Count by weight, choose 13 parts of glucoses, 13 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 11 parts of soy peptones, 8 parts of beef respectively
Cream, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 3 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.8 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.8 part of calcium chloride, 0.8 part of sodium chloride, stirring
After mixing at a temperature of 123 DEG C sterilization treatment 13min, obtain fermentation medium;Respectively by Trichoderma atroviride microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis
Agent, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum and bacillus thuringiensis agent are respectively put into the activation of slant medium ramp, then select and activate
Bacterial strain be respectively connected in above-mentioned fermentation medium by inoculum concentration 6%, and put in fermentation tank, carry out respectively under the conditions of 35 DEG C
Fermentation culture, fermentation to each strain living bacteria count in culture fluid reaches 107Individual/mL, must filter after fermentation, obtain fermentation liquid,
And each strain fermentating liquid is mixed to obtain mixed fermentation liquid, put after mixed fermentation liquid and standby bacterium solution 5:1 by volume are mixed
Enter in concentration tank, be concentrated into original volume 25%, obtain concentrated solution;Described slant medium is wort agar culture medium;By weight
Number meter, chooses 15 parts of Testa Tritici, 17 parts of walnut shells, 19 parts of kieselguhr, 9 parts of Maifanitums and 17 parts of humic acid respectively, puts into pulverizer
In, cross 110 mesh sieves after pulverizing, obtain absorption carrier, absorption carrier and above-mentioned concentrated solution 2:1 in mass ratio are mixed, stirring mixing
Natural air drying after uniformly, can be prepared by straw decomposing inoculant.
Being banked up by corn straw, every 13cm thickness is one layer, and every layer is spread fertilizer over the fields decomposing agent prepared by the present invention, decomposing agent
Consumption is the 6% of straw quality, and whole heap material moisture controls 55%, every heap height 1.7m, heap width 1.8m, and seals with plastic sheeting
Heap, prevents moisture loss, corn straw decomposition speed can be made to improve 45%, can realize straw degradable.
Example 3
First choose 700g to have rotted the wood of long mushroom, wood is chopped into the wood grain that particle diameter is 5cm, by wood
The grain addition sterilized water of 1:5 in mass ratio soaks, and in sterilized water, adds 60g sucrose, 40g peptone, 5g di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium, 4g magnesium sulfate, soak 5 days at a temperature of 37 DEG C, filter to obtain soak after immersion;Weigh 3g potassium nitrate, 3g phosphoric acid respectively
Ammonium dihydrogen, 4g calcium chloride, 0.5g Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5g calcium carbonate, 0.03g ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 3g peptone, 6g microcrystalline cellulose
Element, 12g80 mesh corn straw powder and 1000mL sterilized water, obtain enrichment culture liquid, by above-mentioned soak after being uniformly mixed
Add in enrichment medium by inoculum concentration 5%, under the conditions of 37 DEG C and 150r/min, seal shaking table cultivate 30h, after cultivation
To bacterium solution, standby;Count by weight, choose 15 parts of glucoses, 15 portions of Semen Maydis powder, 12 portions of soy peptones, 10 portions of cattle respectively
Meat extract, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 4 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.0 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1.0 parts of calcium chloride, 1.0 parts of sodium chloride, stir
Mix after mixing sterilization treatment 15min at a temperature of 125 DEG C, obtain fermentation medium;Respectively by Trichoderma atroviride microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis
Microbial inoculum, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum and bacillus thuringiensis agent are respectively put into the activation of slant medium ramp, then select activation
Good bacterial strain is respectively connected in above-mentioned fermentation medium by inoculum concentration 7%, and puts in fermentation tank, enters respectively under the conditions of 40 DEG C
Row fermentation culture, fermentation to each strain living bacteria count in culture fluid reaches 108Individual/mL, must filter after fermentation, obtain fermentation
Liquid, and each strain fermentating liquid is mixed to obtain mixed fermentation liquid, after mixed fermentation liquid and standby bacterium solution 5:1 by volume being mixed
Put in concentration tank, be concentrated into original volume 30%, obtain concentrated solution;Described slant medium is wort agar culture medium;By weight
Number meter, chooses 20 parts of Testa Tritici, 20 parts of walnut shells, 20 parts of kieselguhr, 10 parts of Maifanitums and 20 parts of humic acid respectively, puts into pulverizing
In machine, crossing 120 mesh sieves, obtain absorption carrier after pulverizing, absorption carrier and above-mentioned concentrated solution 2:1 are in mass ratio mixed, stirring is mixed
Natural air drying after closing uniformly, can be prepared by straw decomposing inoculant.
Being banked up by corn straw, every 15cm thickness is one layer, and every layer is spread fertilizer over the fields decomposing agent prepared by the present invention, decomposing agent
Consumption is the 7% of straw quality, and whole heap material moisture controls 60%, every heap height 2.0m, heap width 2m, and seals with plastic sheeting
Heap, prevents moisture loss, corn straw decomposition speed can be made to improve 50%, can realize straw degradable.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of an efficient straw decomposing agent, it is characterised in that concrete preparation process is:
(1) choose the 500~700g wood having rotted long mushroom, wood be chopped into the wood grain that particle diameter is 3~5cm,
Wood grain 1:5 in mass ratio is added in sterilized water and soaks, and in sterilized water, add 40~60g sucrose, 30~40g
Peptone, 3~5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4g magnesium sulfate, soak 3~5 days at a temperature of 37 DEG C, filter to obtain soak after immersion;
(2) weigh respectively 1~3g potassium nitrate, 1~3g ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4g calcium chloride, 0.3~0.5g Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3
~5g calcium carbonate, 0.01~0.03g ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 1~3g peptone, 4~6g microcrystalline Cellulose, 10~12g60~80
Mesh corn straw powder and 800~1000mL sterilized water, obtain enrichment culture liquid, by above-mentioned soak by connecing after being uniformly mixed
Plant amount 3~5% and add in enrichment medium, under the conditions of 37 DEG C and 120~150r/min, seal shaking table cultivate 20~30h, cultivation
After i.e. can get bacterium solution, standby;
(3) count by weight, choose respectively 10~15 parts of glucoses, 10~15 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 10~12 parts of soy peptones,
5~10 parts of Carnis Bovis seu Bubali creams, 3~5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1~3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2~4 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5~1.0 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.5
~1.0 parts of calcium chloride, 0.5~1.0 part of sodium chloride, stirring mixing after at a temperature of 120~125 DEG C sterilization treatment 10~15min,
Obtain fermentation medium;
(4) respectively Trichoderma atroviride microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial inoculum and bacillus thuringiensis agent are put respectively
Enter the activation of slant medium ramp, then select the bacterial strain activated and be respectively connected to above-mentioned fermentation culture by inoculum concentration 5~7%
In base, and putting in fermentation tank, carry out fermentation culture under the conditions of 30~40 DEG C respectively, fermentation to each strain has in culture fluid
Effect viable count reaches 106~108Individual/mL, must filter after fermentation, obtains fermentation liquid, and each strain fermentating liquid is mixed to obtain mixed fermentation
Liquid, puts in concentration tank after bacterium solution 5:1 by volume mixing standby to mixed fermentation liquid and step (2), is concentrated into original volume
20~30%, obtain concentrated solution;Described slant medium is wort agar culture medium;
(5) count by weight, choose respectively 10~20 parts of Testa Tritici, 15~20 parts of walnut shells, 18~20 parts of kieselguhr, 8~10
Part Maifanitum and 15~20 parts of humic acid, put in pulverizer, crosses 100~120 mesh sieves, obtain absorption carrier after pulverizing, will absorption
Carrier and above-mentioned concentrated solution 2:1 in mass ratio mixing, be uniformly mixed rear natural air drying, can be prepared by straw decomposing inoculant.
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CN107267413A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-10-20 | 常州市天宁区鑫发织造有限公司 | A kind of liquid straw decomposing inoculant |
CN108079774A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-29 | 延边大学 | A kind of minimizing technology of magnetic field-intensification biofilter and its trichloroethylene waste gas |
CN109251872A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-22 | 北京林业大学 | Castoff compost composite bacteria agent, preparation method and castoff compost method |
CN110218118A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-10 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of full stress-strain stalk particle fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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