CN106171904B - A kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method - Google Patents

A kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106171904B
CN106171904B CN201610671109.7A CN201610671109A CN106171904B CN 106171904 B CN106171904 B CN 106171904B CN 201610671109 A CN201610671109 A CN 201610671109A CN 106171904 B CN106171904 B CN 106171904B
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floating
seedling
parts
tray
seed
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CN106171904A (en
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段永华
张钟
张军云
王文智
李军
普进东
李晓亮
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Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02Special apparatus therefor

Abstract

The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method.A kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method, comprising the following steps: A, build seedling growth greenhouse;B, seedling growth greenhouse and floating seedling tray disinfection;C, Kiwi berry Seeds preprocess;D, medium in tray;E, it sows;F, floating seedling tray enters pond;G, seedling management;H, it applies fertilizer.This method has substrates quantity few, and seed dosage is few, can save a large amount of labours, reduce cost;The features such as program is simple, easy to operate, and transplanting survival rate is high, is suitable for the factorial production.

Description

A kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method.
Background technique
Actinidia is a kind of fallen leaves tendril fruit tree in Actinidiaceae, belongs to heliophilous species, and resistance to half yin likes shady and cool wet ring Drought, flood, wind are afraid of in border.It is suitable for having a moderate climate, abundant rainfall, fertile soil, vegetation is luxuriant, and draining is good, moistens medium corruption Grow matter soil, sand loam, the place plant of the subacidity soil of pH value 5.5-7.Kiwi berry is rich in multivitamin and nutrition member Element, kiwifruit fruit meat fertilizer juice is more, fresh and delicious, sour-sweet pleasant, storage tolerance, is known as " king of fruit ";Therefore, deep by people Like.Economic value with higher and cultivating value.
Kiwi berry ancestors are derived from China, are utilized by New Zealand and American-European countries, develop into worldwide fruit, long period contention Occupy international Kiwi berry market.China is to Actinidia from investigation, excavation, domestication, improvement, breeding excellent variety to industry It rises, experienced for 30 years, and New Zealand obtains resource from China, leads the world, becomes Kiwi berry breeding, production and outlet Big country has 100 years history, and Japan was prior to China 40 years.
Due to macaque, peach seeds spy is small, and nursery is especially difficult, and conventional method seed wants sand to hide, and when seedling will hide when transplanting Sun, and seedling can only be transplanted in 5-6 month, and survival rate is low, and general First Year cultivates rootstock seedling, and the next spring 2-3 is transferred It connects, second year bottom is out of the garden, and is out of the garden within usually 2 years.Traditional nursery amount of labour is big, at high cost, and transplanting survival rate is low, can not meet The needs of the factorial production.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve the deficiency of the existing technology and provide a kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method, This method has substrates quantity few, and seed dosage is few, can save a large amount of labours, reduce cost;Program is simple, easy to operate, moves The features such as planting high survival rate, being suitable for the factorial production.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method, comprising the following steps:
A, build seedling growth greenhouse: selection topography is flat, and ventilation condition builds inside long 5.5-5.7m, wide 1.35- compared with benefit Semicircle arched shed is built in 1.40m, the floating pool of high 0.20m, floating pool top, and counterdie uses black thin film, to prevent floating pool leak; Place 32 floating seedling trays in every pond;Grenadine fly net, plastics teleblem and the black for covering sunshade rate 75%-90% are covered on arch Sunshade net;
B, seedling growth greenhouse and floating seedling tray disinfection: using 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to seedling growth greenhouse, floating pool and drift Floating seedlings nursing plate carries out disinfection processing;
C, macaque peach seeds: being immersed in 40 DEG C -50 DEG C of warm water the 3-4 month by Kiwi berry Seeds preprocess every year, impregnates 4 Hour, the sundries swum on the water surface, floater are removed, the full seed for the underwater that sinks impregnates 24 hours, then will Soaked full seed is placed under 30 DEG C of relative humidity 80%-90%, temperature -33 DEG C of environment, and vernalization is dried after 3 days;
D, medium in tray: matrix constituent presses volume parts are as follows: and 40-60 parts of perlite, 30-40 parts of turf, fertile soil 5-10 parts, 5-15 parts of peat;Prepared matrix is packed into the floating seedlings sterilized again with 0.02%-0.05% potassium permanganate Disk, water supply in media content is 35%-45% when sabot, and matrix filling will sufficiently, uniformly, and tightness wants moderate, is gently pressed not with hand There is matrix to fall;
E, it sows: making a call to a 1.0-4.0mm Fine and Deep Hole in the floating seedling tray cavities equipped with matrix;Seed is sown into small In hole, 2, every hole seed is broadcast to guarantee full stand and spreads the matrix of one layer of 1-2mm thickness in the surface of the seed after planting, then with spraying Atomized water is sprayed on floating seedling tray by device;
F, floating seedling tray enters pond: floating seedling tray after planting is put into floating pool in time, is put in two rows neatly, It can be with slight fluctuation with floating seedling tray;
G, seedling management: pond liquid depth 5-7cm controls temperature of shed at 15 DEG C -35 DEG C, and average air humidity is in 20%- 98%, it cultivates 20-25 days and emerges, when seedling length to 41 heart of leaf, start thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, 10-15 days hardenings before transplanting cultivate 3-4 It is transplanted after a month;During nursery, with 500 times of efficient cyhalothrin rouge aqueous emulsion liquid pest control 3-5 times of 25 grams per liters, with 75% 800-1000 times of Bravo liquid controlling disease 2-4 times;
H, it applies fertilizer: applying Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer in seedling raising process, Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer component is in parts by weight are as follows: N7-10 Part, P2O54-6 parts, K2O7-10 parts;Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer 230-330g is added after emergence in water, when four true leaves in water Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer 340-500g is added, to guarantee the growth and development nutrient demand of kind of sprout.
The floating seedling tray is polystyrene foam plastics, the floating seedling tray in 162 holes, and disk long 66.0cm is wide 34.5cm, high 5.0cm.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. substrates quantity is few, and seed dosage is few, can save a large amount of labours, reduce cost during entire nursery of the invention.
2. program is simple during entire nursery of the invention, easy to operate, transplanting survival rate is high, is suitable for the factorial production.
3. the present invention can avoid soil-borne disease insect pest caused by traditional cultivation mode using floating seedling tray nursery and environment draws The disease problem of hair.
4. water supply in media content is 35%-45% when sabot of the present invention, matrix filling will sufficiently, uniformly, and tightness will fit In, the sprouting for preventing matrix filling Shi Taisong, tightly influencing very much seed, water supply in media is very few, filling is too loose there is also under matrix Leakage forms dry hole, influences the growth of seedling.
5. operation of the present invention is easy, convenient for centralized management, the recruitment of nursery place and watering is saved.
6. the seedling well developed root system that the present invention cultivates, root system and the matrix of seedling are attached together, transplanting when lifting seedlings root system and Matrix with nursery vesicle hole wall is easily separated does not damage root system, seedling medium can provide seedling moisture and nutrient, transplant survival after transplanting Rate is high.
It is not encroached on by extraneous pest and disease damage 7. nursery production environment of the present invention artificially controls, healthy strong sprout can be cultivated, plant sprout Growth is neat, and planting percent is up to 97% or more, and the planting percent of the seed bud seedbed nursery under similarity condition is then much lower.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method, comprising the following steps:
A, build seedling growth greenhouse: selection topography is flat, and ventilation condition builds inside long 5.5-5.7m, wide 1.35- compared with benefit Semicircle arched shed is built in 1.40m, the floating pool of high 0.20m, floating pool top, and counterdie uses black thin film, to prevent floating pool leak; Place 32 floating seedling trays in every pond;Grenadine fly net, plastics teleblem and the black for covering sunshade rate 75%-90% are covered on arch Sunshade net;
B, seedling growth greenhouse and floating seedling tray disinfection: using 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to seedling growth greenhouse, floating pool and drift Floating seedlings nursing plate carries out disinfection processing;
C, macaque peach seeds: being immersed in 40 DEG C -50 DEG C of warm water the 3-4 month by Kiwi berry Seeds preprocess every year, impregnates 4 Hour, the sundries swum on the water surface, floater are removed, the full seed for the underwater that sinks impregnates 24 hours, then will Soaked full seed is placed under 30 DEG C of relative humidity 80%-90%, temperature -33 DEG C of environment, and vernalization is dried after 3 days;
D, medium in tray: matrix constituent presses volume parts are as follows: and 40 parts of perlite, 40 parts of turf, 10 parts of fertile soil, mud 10 parts of charcoal;Prepared matrix is packed into the floating seedling tray that is sterilized again with 0.02%-0.05% potassium permanganate, matrix when sabot Moisture content is 35%-45%, and matrix filling will sufficiently, uniformly, and tightness wants moderate, is gently pressed with hand and does not occur matrix whereabouts;
E, it sows: making a call to a 1.0-4.0mm Fine and Deep Hole in the floating seedling tray cavities equipped with matrix;Seed is sown into small In hole, 2, every hole seed is broadcast to guarantee full stand and spreads the matrix of one layer of 1-2mm thickness in the surface of the seed after planting, then with spraying Atomized water is sprayed on floating seedling tray by device;
F, floating seedling tray enters pond: floating seedling tray after planting is put into floating pool in time, is put in two rows neatly, It can be with slight fluctuation with floating seedling tray;
G, seedling management: pond liquid depth 5-7cm controls temperature of shed at 15 DEG C -35 DEG C, and average air humidity is in 20%- 98%, it cultivates 20-25 days and emerges, when seedling length to 41 heart of leaf, start thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, 10-15 days hardenings before transplanting cultivate 3-4 It is transplanted after a month;During nursery, with 500 times of the efficient cyhalothrin rouge aqueous emulsion liquid pest control 3 times of 25 grams per liters, with 75,%00 The clear 800-1000 times of liquid controlling disease of bacterium 2 times;
H, it applies fertilizer: applying Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer in seedling raising process, Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer component is in parts by weight are as follows: N7 parts, P2O54 parts, K2O7 parts;Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer 230g is added after emergence in water, Kiwi berry is added in water when four true leaves and educates Seed manure 340g, to guarantee the growth and development nutrient demand of kind of sprout.
The floating seedling tray is polystyrene foam plastics, the floating seedling tray in 162 holes, and disk long 66.0cm is wide 34.5cm, high 5.0cm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method, comprising the following steps:
A, build seedling growth greenhouse: selection topography is flat, and ventilation condition builds inside long 5.5-5.7m, wide 1.35- compared with benefit Semicircle arched shed is built in 1.40m, the floating pool of high 0.20m, floating pool top, and counterdie uses black thin film, to prevent floating pool leak; Place 32 floating seedling trays in every pond;Grenadine fly net, plastics teleblem and the black for covering sunshade rate 75%-90% are covered on arch Sunshade net;
B, seedling growth greenhouse and floating seedling tray disinfection: using 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to seedling growth greenhouse, floating pool and drift Floating seedlings nursing plate carries out disinfection processing;
C, macaque peach seeds: being immersed in 40 DEG C -50 DEG C of warm water the 3-4 month by Kiwi berry Seeds preprocess every year, impregnates 4 Hour, the sundries swum on the water surface, floater are removed, the full seed for the underwater that sinks impregnates 24 hours, then will Soaked full seed is placed under 30 DEG C of relative humidity 80%-90%, temperature -33 DEG C of environment, and vernalization is dried after 3 days;
D, medium in tray: matrix constituent presses volume parts are as follows: and 50 parts of perlite, 30 parts of turf, 5 parts of fertile soil, mud 15 parts of charcoal;Prepared matrix is packed into the floating seedling tray that is sterilized again with 0.02%-0.05% potassium permanganate, matrix when sabot Moisture content is 35%-45%, and matrix filling will sufficiently, uniformly, and tightness wants moderate, is gently pressed with hand and does not occur matrix whereabouts;
E, it sows: making a call to a 1.0-4.0mm Fine and Deep Hole in the floating seedling tray cavities equipped with matrix;Seed is sown into small In hole, 2, every hole seed is broadcast to guarantee full stand and spreads the matrix of one layer of 1-2mm thickness in the surface of the seed after planting, then with spraying Atomized water is sprayed on floating seedling tray by device;
F, floating seedling tray enters pond: floating seedling tray after planting is put into floating pool in time, is put in two rows neatly, It can be with slight fluctuation with floating seedling tray;
G, seedling management: pond liquid depth 5-7cm controls temperature of shed at 15 DEG C -35 DEG C, and average air humidity is in 20%- 98%, it cultivates 20-25 days and emerges, when seedling length to 41 heart of leaf, start thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, 10-15 days hardenings before transplanting cultivate 3-4 It is transplanted after a month;During nursery, with 500 times of the efficient cyhalothrin rouge aqueous emulsion liquid pest control 4 times of 25 grams per liters, with 75,%00 The clear 800-1000 times of liquid controlling disease of bacterium 3 times;
H, it applies fertilizer: applying Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer in seedling raising process, Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer component is in parts by weight are as follows: N8 parts, P2O55 parts, K2O9 parts;Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer 280g is added after emergence in water, Kiwi berry is added in water when four true leaves and educates Seed manure 420g, to guarantee the growth and development nutrient demand of kind of sprout.
The floating seedling tray is polystyrene foam plastics, the floating seedling tray in 162 holes, and disk long 66.0cm is wide 34.5cm, high 5.0cm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method, comprising the following steps:
A, build seedling growth greenhouse: selection topography is flat, and ventilation condition builds inside long 5.5-5.7m, wide 1.35- compared with benefit Semicircle arched shed is built in 1.40m, the floating pool of high 0.20m, floating pool top, and counterdie uses black thin film, to prevent floating pool leak; Place 32 floating seedling trays in every pond;Grenadine fly net, plastics teleblem and the black for covering sunshade rate 75%-90% are covered on arch Sunshade net;
B, seedling growth greenhouse and floating seedling tray disinfection: using 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim to seedling growth greenhouse, floating pool and drift Floating seedlings nursing plate carries out disinfection processing;
C, macaque peach seeds: being immersed in 40 DEG C -50 DEG C of warm water the 3-4 month by Kiwi berry Seeds preprocess every year, impregnates 4 Hour, the sundries swum on the water surface, floater are removed, the full seed for the underwater that sinks impregnates 24 hours, then will Soaked full seed is placed under 30 DEG C of relative humidity 80%-90%, temperature -33 DEG C of environment, and vernalization is dried after 3 days;
D, medium in tray: matrix constituent presses volume parts are as follows: and 60 parts of perlite, 30 parts of turf, 5 parts of fertile soil, mud 5 parts of charcoal;Prepared matrix is packed into the floating seedling tray that is sterilized again with 0.02%-0.05% potassium permanganate, matrix when sabot Moisture content is 35%-45%, and matrix filling will sufficiently, uniformly, and tightness wants moderate, is gently pressed with hand and does not occur matrix whereabouts;
E, it sows: making a call to a 1.0-4.0mm Fine and Deep Hole in the floating seedling tray cavities equipped with matrix;Seed is sown into small In hole, 2, every hole seed is broadcast to guarantee full stand and spreads the matrix of one layer of 1-2mm thickness in the surface of the seed after planting, then with spraying Atomized water is sprayed on floating seedling tray by device;
F, floating seedling tray enters pond: floating seedling tray after planting is put into floating pool in time, is put in two rows neatly, It can be with slight fluctuation with floating seedling tray;
G, seedling management: pond liquid depth 5-7cm controls temperature of shed at 15 DEG C -35 DEG C, and average air humidity is in 20%- 98%, it cultivates 20-25 days and emerges, when seedling length to 41 heart of leaf, start thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, 10-15 days hardenings before transplanting cultivate 3-4 It is transplanted after a month;During nursery, with 500 times of the efficient cyhalothrin rouge aqueous emulsion liquid pest control 5 times of 25 grams per liters, with 75,%00 The clear 800-1000 times of liquid controlling disease of bacterium 4 times;
H, it applies fertilizer: applying Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer in seedling raising process, Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer component is in parts by weight are as follows:
N10 parts, P2O56 parts, K2O10 parts;Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer 330g is added after emergence in water, water when four true leaves Middle addition Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer 500g, to guarantee the growth and development nutrient demand of kind of sprout.
The floating seedling tray is polystyrene foam plastics, the floating seedling tray in 162 holes, and disk long 66.0cm is wide 34.5cm, high 5.0cm.
Performance detection is carried out to the embodiment of the present invention, testing result is as shown in table 1, and wherein control group uses bed planting skill Art cultivation, the calculation formula of seedling vigorous index: seedling vigorous index=stem thickness/plant height × complete stool dry weight.
Table 1

Claims (2)

1. a kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method, comprising the following steps:
A, build seedling growth greenhouse: selection topography is flat, and ventilation condition builds inside long 5.5-5.7m, wide 1.35-1.40m compared with benefit, high Semicircle arched shed is built in the floating pool of 0.20m, floating pool top, and counterdie uses black thin film, to prevent floating pool leak;It places in every pond 32 floating seedling trays;Grenadine fly net, plastics teleblem and the black sunshade net for covering sunshade rate 75%-90% are covered on arch;
B, seedling growth greenhouse and floating seedling tray disinfection: seedling growth greenhouse, floating pool and floating are educated using 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim Seed plate carries out disinfection processing;
C, macaque peach seeds: being immersed in 40 DEG C -50 DEG C of warm water the 3-4 month by Kiwi berry Seeds preprocess every year, and it is small to impregnate 4 When, the sundries swum on the water surface, floater are removed, the full seed for the underwater that sinks impregnates 24 hours, then will leaching The full seed soaked is placed under 30 DEG C of relative humidity 80%-90%, temperature -33 DEG C of environment, and vernalization is dried after 3 days;
D, medium in tray: matrix constituent presses volume parts are as follows: and 40-60 parts of perlite, 30-40 parts of turf, fertile soil 5-10 Part, 5-15 parts of peat;Prepared matrix is packed into the floating seedling tray sterilized again with 0.02%-0.05% potassium permanganate, dress Water supply in media content is 35%-45% when disk, and matrix filling will sufficiently, uniformly, and tightness wants moderate, is gently pressed with hand and base does not occur Matter falls;
E, it sows: making a call to a 1.0-4.0mm Fine and Deep Hole in the floating seedling tray cavities equipped with matrix;Seed is sown into aperture Interior, 2, every hole seed is broadcast to guarantee full stand and spreads the matrix of one layer of 1-2mm thickness in the surface of the seed after planting, then use sprayer Atomized water is sprayed on floating seedling tray;
F, floating seedling tray enters pond: floating seedling tray after planting being put into floating pool in time, is put in two rows neatly, with drift Floating seedlings nursing plate can be with slight fluctuation;
G, seedling management: pond liquid depth 5-7cm, control temperature of shed is at 15 DEG C -35 DEG C, and average air humidity is in 20%-98%, training It supports 20-25 days and emerges, when seedling length to 41 heart of leaf, start thinning, fill the gaps with seedlings, 10-15 days hardenings before transplanting, after culture 3-4 a month Transplanting;During nursery, with 500 times of efficient cyhalothrin rouge aqueous emulsion liquid pest control 3-5 times of 25 grams per liters, with 75% Bravo 800-1000 times liquid controlling disease 2-4 times;
H, it applies fertilizer: applying Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer in seedling raising process, Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer component is in parts by weight are as follows: N7-10 parts, P2O54-6 parts, K2O7-10 parts;Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer 230-330g is added after emergence in water, is added in water when four true leaves Kiwi berry nursery fertilizer 340-500g, to guarantee the growth and development nutrient demand of kind of sprout.
2. a kind of macaque Peach rootstock float seedling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the floating seedling tray is Polystyrene foam plastics, the floating seedling tray in 162 holes, disk long 66.0cm, wide 34.5cm, high 5.0cm.
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CN106942034A (en) * 2017-03-27 2017-07-14 桂林亦元生现代生物技术有限公司 Radix fici simplicissimae float seedling method
CN107155704A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-09-15 界首市祥润家庭农场 A kind of autumn dried lactuca floating disc method for culturing seedlings
CN110574666A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-17 西北农林科技大学 method for establishing actinidia plant hydroponic technology system and application thereof
CN114667851A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-06-28 周至县欣荣果业专业合作社 Method for supplementing and planting kiwi fruits in mature orchard due to lack of trees

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CN103270920A (en) * 2013-06-19 2013-09-04 贾兰虹 Kiwi seedling cultivation method
CN104584972B (en) * 2015-01-19 2017-01-18 张端瑛 Cultivation technique for vitamin C selenium-rich kiwi fruit
CN104956992B (en) * 2015-07-22 2017-09-26 中国科学院武汉植物园 Two sections of cultivations that premature labor Actinidia garden is set up
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