CN106164312B - 冷加工工具钢 - Google Patents
冷加工工具钢 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000647276 Sparganium natans Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/36—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
发明涉及冷加工工具钢。所述钢包括以下主要组分(以重量%计):C 2.2‑2.4,Si 0.1‑0.55,Mn 0.2‑0.8,Cr 4.1‑5.1,Mo 3.1‑4.5,V 7.2‑8.5,余量的任选元素,铁和杂质。
Description
技术领域
发明涉及冷加工(冷作,cold work)工具钢。
背景技术
钒合金化的粉末冶金(PM)工具钢已经进入市场数十年且由于如下事实而获得相当大的关注:它们结合了高的耐磨性和优异的尺寸稳定性且它们具有良好的韧性。这些钢具有宽范围的应用,例如用于冲切(blanking)、穿孔(piercing)和冷挤压用的刀具、冲头(punch)和模具。所述钢是通过粉末冶金制造的。首先使基础钢组合物雾化(atomized),和之后将粉末填充到包囊(capsule)中且使其经历热等静压(HIP)以制造各向同性的钢。所述钢的性能倾向于随着钒含量的增加而提高。用这种方式制造的高性能钢为10V。它具有高的碳和钒含量,如在US 4,249,945中所描述的。另一该种类的钢公开于EP 1 382 704A1中。
尽管已知的(PM)钢具有比常规制造的工具钢高的韧性,但是对于进一步改善以降低工具破裂(例如碎裂(chipping)和断裂)的风险和以进一步改善机械加工性存在需求。迄今,用于对抗碎裂的标准措施是降低工具的硬度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供具有导致工具的使用期限(寿命)增加的改善的性质概况(profile)的粉末冶金(PM)制造的冷加工工具钢。
本发明的另一目的是在仍旧保持良好耐磨性的同时优化性质,且同时改善机械加工性。
特别的目的是提供具有对于冷加工而言改善的性质概况的马氏体冷加工工具钢合金。
通过提供具有如在合金权利要求中阐述的组成的冷加工工具钢显著地实现了前述目的以及额外优点。
发明定义在权利要求中。
具体实施方式
下面简要地解释所主张的合金的单独元素的重要性和它们彼此的相互作用以及化学成分的限制。所述钢的化学组成的全部百分比在整个说明书中以重量%(wt.%)给出。
碳(2.2-2.4%)
碳将以2.2%的最小含量、优选至少2.25%存在。碳的上限可设定为2.4%或2.35%。优选范围为2.25-2.35%和2.26-2.34%。在任何情形下,应控制碳的量使得在所述钢中M23C6和M7C3类型的碳化物的量限制至小于5体积%,优选所述钢不含所述碳化物。
铬(4.1–5.1%)
铬将以至少4.1%的含量存在以提供在热处理期间在较大横截面中良好的淬透性。如果铬含量太高,则这可导致高温铁素体的形成,其降低热加工性。因此,铬含量优选为4.5-5.0%。下限可为4.2%、4.3%、4.4%或4.5%。上限可为5.1%、5.0%、4.9%或4.8%。
钼(3.1-4.5%)
钼已知对淬透性具有非常有利的效果。钼对于获得良好的二次硬化响应是必要的。最小含量为3.1%,且可设定为3.2%、3.3%、3.4%或3.5%。钼是强的碳化物形成元素,而且是强的铁素体形成物(形成元素,former)。因此,钼的最大含量为4.5%。优选地,Mo限制至4.2%、3.9%或甚至3.7%。
钨(≤2%)
原则上,钼可由两倍多的钨所替代。然而,钨是昂贵的,且它也使废金属的处理复杂化。因此,最大量限制至2%、优选1%、更优选0.3%、和最优选地,不进行故意添加。
钒(7.2-8.5%)
钒在钢的基体中形成均匀分布的M(C,N)类型的一次沉淀的碳化物和碳氮化物。在本发明的钢中,M主要是钒,但是可存在显著量的Cr和Mo。因此,钒应以7.2-8.5的量存在。上限可设定为8.4%、8.3%或8.25%。下限可为7.3%、7.4%、7.5%、7.6%、7.7%、7.75%和7.8%。上限和下限可在权利要求1中所阐述的界限内自由地组合。优选的范围包括7.7-8.3%。
氮(0.02–0.15%)
氮可任选地以0.02-0.15%、优选0.02-0.08%或0.03-0.06%的量引入到所述钢中。氮有助于使M(C,N)稳定,因为钒的碳氮化物的热稳定性比钒的碳化物的热稳定性好。
铌(≤2%)
铌和钒类似,因为它形成M(C,N)类型的碳氮化物,且原则上可用于替代钒,但是和钒相比,要求双倍量的铌。因此,Nb的最大添加为2.0%。(V+Nb/2)的组合量应为7.2-8.5%。然而,Nb导致M(C,N)更有角的(angular)形状。因此,优选的最大量为0.5%。优选地,不添加铌。
硅(0.1-0.55%)
硅用于脱氧。Si以溶解形式存在于钢中。Si增大碳活度,且对于机械加工性是有益的。因此,Si以0.1-0.55%的量存在。为了良好的脱氧,将Si含量调节到至少0.2%是优选的。Si是强的铁素体形成物且应优选地限制至≤0.5%。
锰(0.2-0.8%)
锰有助于改善钢的淬透性,且锰与硫一起通过形成锰的硫化物而有助于改善机械加工性。因此,锰应以0.2%的最小含量、优选至少0.22%存在。在较高的硫含量下,锰阻止钢中的热脆性。所述钢应包含最大0.8%、优选最大0.6%。优选的范围为0.22-0.52%、0.3-0.4和0.30-0.45%。
镍(≤3.0%)
镍是任选的且可以最高3%的量存在。它给予所述钢良好的淬透性和韧性。由于费用,应尽可能地限制所述钢的镍含量。相应地,Ni含量限制至1%、优选0.3%。更优选地,不进行镍添加。
铜(≤3.0%)
Cu是任选的元素,其可有助于增大所述钢的硬度和耐蚀性。如果使用,优选的范围为0.02–2%,且最优选的范围为0.04-1.6%。然而,一旦已经添加铜,就不可能从所述钢提取出铜。这急剧地使废料处理更困难。由于该原因,正常情况下不故意添加铜。
钴(≤5%)
Co是任选的元素。它有助于增大马氏体的硬度。最大量为5%,且如果添加,有效量为约4-5%。然而,由于实际原因例如废料处理,不故意添加Co。优选的最大含量为1%。
硫(≤0.5%)
S有助于改善钢的机械加工性。在较高的硫含量下,存在热脆性的风险。而且,高的硫含量可对所述钢的疲劳性质具有负面影响。因此,所述钢应包含≤0.5%、优选≤0.03%。
磷(≤0.05%)
P是杂质元素,其可导致回火脆性。因此,它应限制至≤0.05%。
Be、Bi、Se、Ca、Mg、O和REM(稀土金属)
这些元素可以所主张的量添加至钢,以进一步改善机械加工性、热加工性和/或焊接性。
硼(≤0.6%)
可任选地使用显著量的硼以辅助硬质相MX的形成。可使用较低量的B以增大所述钢的硬度。所述量进而限制至0.01%、优选≤0.004%。通常,不进行硼添加。
Ti、Zr、Al和Ta
这些元素是碳化物形成物,且可以所主张的范围存在于合金中以改变硬质相的组成。然而,正常情况下这些元素均不添加。
钢制造
具有所主张的化学组成的工具钢可通过常规的气体雾化(gas atomizing)制造。正常情况下所述钢在使用之前经历硬化和回火。
奥氏体化可在950-1200℃、典型地1000-1100℃范围内的奥氏体化温度(TA)下进行。典型的处理为在1020℃下硬化30分钟、气体淬火和在550℃下回火2x2小时。这导致59-61HRC的硬度。
实施例
在该实施例中,将根据发明的钢和已知的钢10V进行比较。两种钢均通过粉末冶金制造。
将基础钢组合物熔融并使其经历气体雾化。
由此获得的钢具有以下组成(以wt.%计):
将所述钢在1100℃下奥氏体化30分钟、通过气体淬火而硬化、和在540℃回火两小时两次(2x2h),随后空气冷却。这对于两种材料均导致63HRC的硬度。
在软件版本S-build-2532的Thermo-Calc模拟中计算在三个不同的奥氏体化温度下的基体的组成和一次MX的量。结果示于表1中。
表1
表1揭示了发明钢中的硬质相的量比对比钢中的量低仅约1.5%。此外,所述模拟表明基体包含比对比钢中显著高的量的碳和钼。因此,由该模拟将预期改善的回火响应以及较高的硬度。这也通过计算值而确认,所述计算值表明发明钢的较高硬度。而且,发明钢对在高温下的硬度下降较不敏感,使得可使用较高的回火温度来除去残余奥氏体而不削弱硬度。
令人惊讶地,发现发明钢还具有好得多的韧性。与对比钢的11J相比,在横向上的无缺口冲击能量为41J。该改善的原因尚未完全明了,但是似乎是,低的Si-含量和高的Mo-含量的组合改善了晶界的强度。因此,发明钢的改善的韧性使得可保持高的硬度而没有碎裂的问题,且因此改善冷加工工具的耐久性和使用期限。
机械加工性测试
机械加工性是复杂的主题,且可通过很多不同试验评估不同特性。主要特性为:工具寿命、材料除去的极限速率、切割力、经机械加工的表面和断屑(chip breaking)。在本情形中,通过钻孔检查热加工工具钢的机械加工性。
在NC Lathe Oerlikon Boehringer VDF 180C上实施车削机械加工性试验。工件尺寸为
使用V30-值比较钢的机械加工性。V30-值规定为在30分钟的车削之后产生0.3mm侧面(flank)磨损的切割速度。V30是描述于1977年的ISO 3685中的标准化试验方法。在三个不同的切割速度下进行车削操作直至0.3mm的侧面磨损。使用光光学显微镜测量侧面磨损。记录达到0.3mm侧面磨损的时间。使用切割速度和对应的车削时间的值,对泰勒双对数图-时间vs.切割速度VxTα=常数进行绘图,由其可估算30分钟的所需工具寿命的切割速度。使用Coromant S4 SPGN 120304硬金属刀片、0.126mm/转的走刀量和1.0mm的切割深度在没有冷却的情况下实施车削机械加工性试验。
发现发明钢(其具有51m/分钟的V30-值)比对比钢(其仅具有39m/分钟的V30-值)表现得要好。
工业实用性
本发明的冷加工工具钢尤其可用于需要良好的耐磨性和高的耐碎裂性的组合的应用中。
Claims (11)
1.粉末冶金制造的冷加工用的工具钢,由以重量%(wt.%)计的如下组成:
任选地,如下的一种或多种:
除杂质之外余量的Fe,
其中调节Mo和V的含量以满足要求:
Mo/V 0.4-0.5。
2.根据权利要求1的钢,其满足以下要求的至少一项:
3.根据权利要求1的钢,其满足以下要求的至少一项:
4.根据权利要求1的钢,其包括:
除杂质之外余量的Fe。
5.根据权利要求1的钢,其满足以下要求的至少一项:
6.根据权利要求1的钢,其满足全部以下要求:
7.根据权利要求2的钢,其中调节Mo和V的含量以满足要求:
Mo/V 0.42-0.5。
8.根据权利要求2的钢,其在硬化和回火条件中在60HRC的硬度下具有30-80J的在25℃在LT方向上的无缺口冲击韧性。
9.根据权利要求2的钢,其在60HRC下具有至少2400MPa的压缩屈服强度。
10.根据权利要求7的钢,其中调节Mo和V的含量以满足要求:
Mo/V 0.42-0.48。
11.根据权利要求8的钢,其在硬化和回火条件中在60HRC的硬度下具有35-55J的在25℃在LT方向上的无缺口冲击韧性。
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