CN106071894A - 一种兔肉的加工方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种兔肉的加工方法。具体包括:该方法的工艺流程是以甘蔗汁为主要原料制备腌制液→宰杀肉兔→腌制兔肉→腊制→真空包装→成品。通过实施本发明,将甘蔗汁作为主要的腌制液对兔肉进行腌制,使甘蔗汁浸入兔肉之中,让甘蔗的味道和营养与兔肉有机结合起来,不但使兔肉的营养更丰富,重要是由于甘蔗汁适口性好,使兔肉的味道更鲜美。此外,将通过腌制的兔肉挂于空调室晾晒,仅需5‑6小时的晾晒,就可以使兔肉快速变干,同时可以将腌制液迅速吸收至肉内。本发明工艺简单,但制备出来的兔肉营养价值更高,味道更佳,市场前景非常好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于肉类深加工,具体涉及到一种兔肉的加工方法。
技术背景
俗话说,“飞禽莫如鸪,走兽莫如兔”。兔肉是一种高蛋白、低脂肪、低胆固醇的食物,既有营养,又不会令人发胖,是理想的“美容食品”。兔肉蛋白质含量高达21.5%,几乎是猪肉的2倍,比牛肉多出18.7%,而脂肪含量仅为3.8%,是猪肉的1/16,牛肉的1/5。且脂肪和胆固醇含量却低于所有的肉类,故对它有“荤中之素”的说法。每年深秋至冬末间味道更佳,是肥胖者和心血管病人的理想肉食,全国各地均有出产和销售。
兔肉质地细嫩,味道鲜美,营养丰富,与其它肉类相比较,具有很高的消化率(可达85%),食后极易被消化吸收,这是其他肉类所没有的。因此,兔肉极受消费者的欢迎。
兔肉富含大脑和其他器官发育不可缺少的卵磷脂,有健脑益智的功效;经常食用可保护血管壁,阻止血栓形成,对高血压、冠心病、糖尿病患者有益处,并增强体质,健美肌肉,它还能保护皮肤细胞活性,维护皮肤弹性;兔肉中所含的脂肪和胆固醇,低于所有其他肉类,而且脂肪又多为不饱和脂肪酸,常吃兔肉,可强身健体,但不会增肥,是肥胖患者理想的肉食,女性食之,可保持身体苗条,因此,国外妇女将兔肉称为“美容肉”;而常吃兔肉,有祛病强身作用,因此,有人将兔肉称为“保健肉”;
兔肉中含有多种维生素和8种人体所必需的氨基酸,含有较多人体最易缺乏的赖氨酸、色氨酸,因此,常食兔肉防止有害物质沉积,让儿童健康成长,助老人延年益寿。
肉兔的饲养期短,肉质鲜嫩,消化率很高,加工成成品确实是美味佳肴。当今食用兔肉的人愈来愈多,对于兔肉食用方法的掌握并不多。根据有关文献介绍,兔肉可以加工为熟制品一些真空包装的小吃,兔肉丁之类的;兔排一般是生肉或者加工会熟制品;兔腿可以生肉也可以熏,也可以卤制。
同时,还可以加工成如下腊制品:
1、缠丝兔。(1)原料预制:选用3~4月龄的健康肥兔,屠宰剥皮后去除内脏,洗净淤血,沥干后入缸腌制。在经干燥的精盐中加入0.025%的硝粉和1%的五香粉,混匀后按每只兔体用25g的比例均匀撒在兔肉表面,然后装叠入缸,腌制4~5天,第3天要翻缸1次。(2)配制香料:兔肉腌后要进行涂香。香料的配制为豆豉500g,酱油150g,白砂糖100g,花椒、五香粉、芝麻各20g,白酒15g,砂仁、豆蔻、胡椒各10g。先把豆豉研磨成糊,再把其他干料研成末,加入豆豉糊内,最后加入白糖、酱油、酒等搅匀成糊。涂香时,先割除兔的生殖器官、大动脉血管和筋腱等,然后撑开腹腔,用毛刷蘸香糊均匀地涂刷于腹腔和胸腔内壁。(3)缠丝挂晾:涂香后用细绳从兔头部缠起,循螺旋状缠到后腿。缠丝间距以1.5~2cm为宜,要缠得均匀结实。缠丝造型以前肢屈向腹侧,胸腹裹紧包扎;后肢尽量拉直,麻绳缠到后肢腕关节处收尾打结。缠好后吊在通风处晾挂24小时。(4)烘烤成品:兔肉经挂晾后送入烘房进行干燥。烘烤温度以50℃为宜,应保证成品在室温下贮藏2~3个月品质不变。若包装得好,贮藏期可达半年左右。需食用时,应先做熟再解除缠的麻绳,这样肉体红棕油亮,脱绳处有似银丝的花纹。(5)特点:成品外表为烟棕色,油润光亮;肉香浓郁,鲜嫩味美;腌渍紧裹,落口化渣;肌肉紧密,咸度适中。
2、广州腊兔。(1)选料:选膘肥肉满、健壮无病、1.5kg以上的家兔宰杀剥皮、开膛去脏、斩除脚爪。为使其成为板状,可用竹片撑开。(2)配料:每100kg肉兔用食盐5kg、黄酒2~2.2kg、蔗糖4.3kg、酱油3.12kg、硝酸钠50g。(3)腌制:将辅料混匀,涂抹于兔体内外,也可用冷水15kg溶解辅料湿腌。入缸腌制3天,每天翻缸1次。然后出缸将兔子放在案板上,面部朝下,前腿扭转到背上,将背和腿按平后撑开成板形,挂晒风干即为成品。悬挂于通风干燥房内,可存放3个月不变质。
3、五香兔肉。(1)选料:选用1.5~2kg的家兔或野兔,宰杀后将整只兔除去淤血、杂污和毛,用清水洗净,分为头、颈2块,前后腿4块,中部1块,然后入锅加水,用旺火煮沸5分钟,除水去腥气,然后用凉水漂洗,冷却备用。(2)配料:净肉100kg,丁香、乳香、桂皮、八角、陈皮、硝水、精盐各100g,麻油3kg,黄酒、上等酱油各5kg,白糖6kg。将五味香料研碎,装袋扎口,放入锅内,再加清水适量,放入黄酒、冰糖和精盐,在旺火上煮成卤水。(3)浸卤:将兔肉块放入卤锅,以旺火煮透后捞出,抹去浮汁,晾凉后再用清水漂洗1小时,取出沥干。用硝水、葱花、姜汁配成溶液,放入肉块浸泡30分钟左右取出沥干,再用熟麻油涂抹表面即为成品。
4、红雪兔。(1)原料选择:选择膘肥、健壮、体重达2kg以上的活兔,越大越好。(2)调料配制:以净兔肉100kg计,需用食盐5~6kg,花椒0.2kg,料酒、白砂糖各2~3kg,白酱油3kg,怪味粉100g。(3)原料整理:宰后剥皮,腹腔开膛,除去内脏,将配料混合均匀,涂抹在兔坯上,并将兔坯用竹片撑成平板状。去除浮脂和结缔组织网膜,擦净淤血。(4)腌制处理:干腌法是将食盐炒热,与其他配料混合均匀,涂抹在兔体和嘴内,叠放入缸内,淹渍1~2天,中间翻缸1次,出缸时再将辅料抹在兔体内外。湿淹法是将配料用沸水煮开5分钟,冷却后倒入缸内,以淹兔坯为宜;之后浸渍24天,每天翻动1次,适时起缸。(5)修割整形:将兔坯放于工作台上,使其腹部朝下;将前肢扭转到背部,压平背和腿,撑成板形,用竹条固定形状,并修剪筋膜刮去浮脂等污物。(6)风干发酵:将固定成形的腌制兔坯悬挂在通风阴凉处,自然风干,24小时后即可取来煮熟食用。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供全新的一种兔肉的加工方法。具体包括:该方法的工艺流程是以甘蔗汁为主要原料制备腌制液→宰杀肉兔→腌制兔肉→腊制→真空包装→成品。
所述的甘蔗是水果中唯一的茎用水果,也是水果中含纤维(包括非膳食纤维)最多的一种水果。甘蔗汁多味甜,营养丰富,被称作果中佳品,有人称:“秋日甘蔗赛过参”。甘蔗的营养价值很高,它含有水分比较多,水分占甘蔗的84%。甘蔗含糖量最为丰富,其中的蔗糖、葡萄糖及果糖,含量达12%。此外,甘蔗还含有对人体新陈代谢非常有益的各种维生素、脂肪、蛋白质、有机酸、钙、铁等物质,如蛋白质0.2克、脂肪0.5克、钙8毫克、磷4毫克、铁1.3毫克。另外,甘蔗还含有天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丝氨酸、丙氨酸等多种有利于人体的氨基酸,以及维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6和维生素C等等。甘蔗的含铁量在各种水果中,雄踞“冠军”宝座。我国古代医学家还将甘蔗列入“补益药”。中医认为,甘蔗入肺、胃二经,具有清热、生津、下气、润燥、补肺益胃的特殊效果。甘蔗可治疗因热病引起的伤津,心烦口渴,反胃呕吐,肺燥引发的咳嗽气喘。甘蔗还可以通便解结,饮其汁还可缓解酒精中毒。《本草纲目》言:甘蔗性平,有清热下气、助脾健胃、利大小肠、止渴消痰、除烦解酒之功效,可改善心烦口渴、便秘、酒醉、口臭,肺热咳嗽、咽喉肿痛等症。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
一种兔肉的加工方法,技术方案中在于:该方法的工艺流程是制备腌制液→宰杀肉兔→腌制兔肉→腊制→真空包装→成品。
1、腌制液制备过程如下:
(1)原料组成及配比:甘蔗汁100斤、生姜11斤、食用盐6斤、腐乳3斤、酱油5斤、耗油8斤、白酒6斤、八角粉0.2斤、花椒粉0.6斤、肉桂粉1斤、小茴香籽粉0.5斤;
(2)甘蔗汁制备:采集生长期是10月以上的新鲜甘蔗为原料,并按常规方法将甘蔗榨成汁;
(3)生姜处理:把生姜清洗干净后去皮,然后却成丝状备用;
(4)混料:将上述甘蔗汁、生姜、食用盐、腐乳、酱油、耗油、白酒、八角粉、花椒粉、肉桂粉、小茴香籽粉混合起来并搅拌均匀而得腌制液;
2、宰杀肉兔过程如下:
(1)肉兔采集:采集饲养周期是3个月以上、健壮无病、膘肥肉满、体重在2公斤以上的肉兔为原料
(2)宰杀加工:将肉兔宰杀,然后进行剥皮、开膛、去脏,最后把兔头和兔腿分别切开,使整只肉兔成为板状;
3、腌制兔肉过程如下:
(1)拌料装缸:将整只放置腌制液里,使兔肉完全粘上腌制液,然后再放置腌缸里垒叠摆放,每摆放一层兔肉要淋一次腌制液,当兔肉装至腌缸的三分之二时继续往缸内淋腌制液,直至把兔肉全部淹没;
(2)腌制:保持腌制的场地环境温度低于18℃,并持续腌制48个小时;
4、腊制过程如下:将兔肉从腌缸里捞出,并沥干沾附在兔肉的腌制液,然后挂于空调室晾晒,接着开启空调,并将空调调至最低温度值,经过5-6小时的晾晒,兔肉快速变干并将腌制液吸收至肉内;
5、真空包装过程是:把兔肉放置于包装袋内,并按照常规方法用真空包装机进行真空包装得成品。
本发明具有如下优点:
1、本发明所提的兔肉加工方法构思新颖,方法措施独特。
2、实施本发明所用的主要原料——甘蔗,该原料资源十分丰富,而且容易组织,价格低廉。此外,甘蔗的营养价值很高,含糖量最为丰富,其中的蔗糖、葡萄糖及果糖,含量达12%。甘蔗还含有对人体新陈代谢非常有益的各种维生素、脂肪、蛋白质、有机酸、钙、铁等物质,如蛋白质0.2克、脂肪0.5克、钙8毫克、磷4毫克、铁1.3毫克。另外,甘蔗还含有天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丝氨酸、丙氨酸等多种有利于人体的氨基酸,以及维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6和维生素C等等。甘蔗的含铁量在各种水果中,雄踞“冠军”宝座。通过实施本发明,将甘蔗汁作为主要的腌制液对兔肉进行腌制,使甘蔗汁浸入兔肉之中,让甘蔗的味道和营养与兔肉有机结合起来,不但使兔肉的营养更丰富,重要是由于甘蔗汁适口性好,使兔肉的味道更鲜美。
3、通过实施本发明,将通过腌制的兔肉挂于空调室晾晒,仅需5-6小时的晾晒,就可以使兔肉快速变干,同时可以将腌制液迅速吸收至肉内。
4、本发明工艺简单,但制备出来的兔肉营养价值更高,味道更佳,市场前景非常好。
具体实施方式
现结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细的说明:
一种兔肉的加工方法,技术方案中在于:该方法的工艺流程是制备腌制液→宰杀肉兔→腌制兔肉→腊制→真空包装→成品。
具体实施方式:
1、腌制液制备过程如下:
(1)原料组成及配比:甘蔗汁100斤、生姜11斤、食用盐6斤、腐乳3斤、酱油5斤、耗油8斤、白酒6斤、八角粉0.2斤、花椒粉0.6斤、肉桂粉1斤、小茴香籽粉0.5斤;
(2)甘蔗汁制备:采集生长期是10月以上的新鲜甘蔗为原料,并按常规方法将甘蔗榨成汁;
(3)生姜处理:把生姜清洗干净后去皮,然后却成丝状备用;
(4)混料:将上述甘蔗汁、生姜、食用盐、腐乳、酱油、耗油、白酒、八角粉、花椒粉、肉桂粉、小茴香籽粉混合起来并搅拌均匀而得腌制液;
2、宰杀肉兔过程如下:
(1)肉兔采集:采集饲养周期是3个月以上、健壮无病、膘肥肉满、体重在2公斤以上的肉兔为原料
(2)宰杀加工:将肉兔宰杀,然后进行剥皮、开膛、去脏,最后把兔头和兔腿分别切开,使整只肉兔成为板状;
3、腌制兔肉过程如下:
(1)拌料装缸:将整只放置腌制液里,使兔肉完全粘上腌制液,然后再放置腌缸里垒叠摆放,每摆放一层兔肉要淋一次腌制液,当兔肉装至腌缸的三分之二时继续往缸内淋腌制液,直至把兔肉全部淹没;
(2)腌制:保持腌制的场地环境温度低于18℃,并持续腌制48个小时;
4、腊制过程如下:将兔肉从腌缸里捞出,并沥干沾附在兔肉的腌制液,然后挂于空调室晾晒,接着开启空调,并将空调调至最低温度值,经过5-6小时的晾晒,兔肉快速变干并将腌制液吸收至肉内;
5、真空包装过程是:把兔肉放置于包装袋内,并按照常规方法用真空包装机进行真空包装得成品。
Claims (1)
1.一种兔肉的加工方法,其特征在于:该方法的工艺流程是制备腌制液→宰杀肉兔→腌制兔肉→腊制→真空包装→成品;
所述的腌制液制备过程如下:
(1)原料组成及配比:甘蔗汁100斤、生姜11斤、食用盐6斤、腐乳3斤、酱油5斤、耗油8斤、白酒6斤、八角粉0.2斤、花椒粉0.6斤、肉桂粉1斤、小茴香籽粉0.5斤;
(2)甘蔗汁制备:采集生长期是10月以上的新鲜甘蔗为原料,并按常规方法将甘蔗榨成汁;
(3)生姜处理:把生姜清洗干净后去皮,然后却成丝状备用;
(4)混料:将上述甘蔗汁、生姜、食用盐、腐乳、酱油、耗油、白酒、八角粉、花椒粉、肉桂粉、小茴香籽粉混合起来并搅拌均匀而得腌制液;
所述的宰杀肉兔过程如下:
(1)肉兔采集:采集饲养周期是3个月以上、健壮无病、膘肥肉满、体重在2公斤以上的肉兔为原料
(2)宰杀加工:将肉兔宰杀,然后进行剥皮、开膛、去脏,最后把兔头和兔腿分别切开,使整只肉兔成为板状;
所述的腌制兔肉过程如下:
(1)拌料装缸:将整只放置腌制液里,使兔肉完全粘上腌制液,然后再放置腌缸里垒叠摆放,每摆放一层兔肉要淋一次腌制液,当兔肉装至腌缸的三分之二时继续往缸内淋腌制液,直至把兔肉全部淹没;
(2)腌制:保持腌制的场地环境温度低于18℃,并持续腌制48个小时;
所述的腊制过程如下:将兔肉从腌缸里捞出,并沥干沾附在兔肉的腌制液,然后挂于空调室晾晒,接着开启空调,并将空调调至最低温度值,经过5-6小时的晾晒,兔肉快速变干并将腌制液吸收至肉内;
所述的真空包装过程是:把兔肉放置于包装袋内,并按照常规方法用真空包装机进行真空包装得成品。
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CN107811224A (zh) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-03-20 | 施俊 | 一种腌肉及其制作方法 |
CN113068814A (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-06 | 四川天味食品集团股份有限公司 | 一种红棕油火锅底料及其制备方法 |
CN116035170A (zh) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-05-02 | 吉林康大食品有限公司 | 一种适用于兔肉预制菜低温减盐加工方法 |
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CN107811224A (zh) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-03-20 | 施俊 | 一种腌肉及其制作方法 |
CN113068814A (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-06 | 四川天味食品集团股份有限公司 | 一种红棕油火锅底料及其制备方法 |
CN113068814B (zh) * | 2021-04-28 | 2023-04-25 | 四川天味食品集团股份有限公司 | 一种红棕油火锅底料及其制备方法 |
CN116035170A (zh) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-05-02 | 吉林康大食品有限公司 | 一种适用于兔肉预制菜低温减盐加工方法 |
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