CN106069459B - Method for cultivating peach blossom maze in southern high-temperature and high-humidity region - Google Patents
Method for cultivating peach blossom maze in southern high-temperature and high-humidity region Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069459B CN106069459B CN201610396922.8A CN201610396922A CN106069459B CN 106069459 B CN106069459 B CN 106069459B CN 201610396922 A CN201610396922 A CN 201610396922A CN 106069459 B CN106069459 B CN 106069459B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of peach blossom mazes in high-temperature and high-humidity areas in the south, which comprises the steps of variety selection, nursery stock cultivation, preparation of a maze field, peach tree cultivation in the peach blossom mazes, management of the peach trees in the maze and the like, can quickly obtain peach seedlings with the crown width of more than 50 centimeters, ensure good growth and development of peach blossom, meet the cultivation of the high-temperature and high-humidity areas in the south, can move the peach blossom downwards, avoid the phenomenon of plant diseases and insect pests caused by over-density under the condition of ensuring the ornamental density of the peach blossom, effectively prolong the maintenance period of the maze, and improve the economic value and the ornamental value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flower cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of peach blossom mazes in high-temperature and high-humidity areas in the south.
Background
Peach blossom is a spring time-dependent ornamental flower which is originally produced in China and is deeply loved by people, has the reputation of Christmas tree in China, has more than 40 scenic spots in China to hold peach blossom sections in spring every year, and is widely applied to urban garden construction and rural tourism development in China. Currently, peach blossom planting modes mainly include isolated planting, bulk planting, row planting and group planting, and peach blossom landscapes in China are approximately the same.
In recent years, with the development of leisure agriculture, a 'vegetable maze' is also generated, people can enjoy natural wind, light and agricultural moods and play entertainment at the same time, the 'tourism' and 'agriculture' are really integrated into bodies and are deeply favored by people.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cultivation method of the peach blossom maze in the southern high-temperature and high-humidity region, which has long maintenance time of the shapes of labyrinths and is not easy to cause diseases and pests.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the cultivation method of the peach blossom maze in the southern high-temperature and high-humidity region comprises the following steps:
(1) variety selection: selecting broom peaches, shinning white, shinning Ji, shinning peach and purple leaf broom peaches in the broom type peach product population;
(2) seedling cultivation, namely, grafting and breeding broom-shaped peach seedlings by using wild peaches as rootstocks, leaving a short section with the height of 50-60 cm after the leaves of the broom-shaped peach seedlings are fallen in years, ensuring that 3-4 full leaf buds are arranged below cut openings, planting the bud buds to a seedling area, reinforcing cultivation pipes, and cultivating the peach seedlings with the ground diameter of 3-4 cm and the crown width of more than 50 cm;
(3) preparing a maze field: selecting a plot with high topography, good drainage, flatness and looseness as a field for building the peach blossom maze, and paving vertical and horizontal drainage blind pipes;
(4) and (3) cultivating peach trees in the peach blossom maze: after 11 month peach trees fall leaves, carrying broom-shaped peach seedlings on a seedbed in a seedling area to a labyrinth field, ridging and planting, planting 3-5 rows on each ridge surface, wherein the row spacing is 30-50 cm, the plant spacing is 80-120 cm, the peach trees on the side row are 45-60 cm away from the ridge edge, and the peach trees on the ridge surface are distributed in a plum blossom shape;
(5) the management of the maze peach tree is characterized in that the management of the peach blossom maze peach tree is mainly characterized by controlling the tree height and improving the flower forming amount, wherein a, the tree height is controlled to be 320 cm in spring after the maze peach tree is built, the tree height is controlled to be 180 cm in spring after the maze peach tree is cut every year, b, the newly built maze peach tree is cut again after the peach tree is cut every year, diseased branches, weak branches, crossed branches, overlapped branches and over dense branches are removed, the germinated rootstock buds are removed, 10-15 thick branches are reserved for each single plant, parts of each thick branch are cut short, and lateral buds are reserved.
Preferably, the drainage blind pipes in the step (3) are laid at intervals of 10 meters and at a depth of 80 centimeters.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the pipe orifice of the drainage blind pipe in the step (3) is 30-50 cm; deep ploughing for 60 cm, removing root systems of malignant weeds and stones more than 5 cm, and broadcasting organic fertilizer 5000 kg/666 square meters when the soil is barren.
Preferably, in the step (4), the broom-shaped peach seedlings are dug by soil balls with the thickness of 25-35 cm and adopt a labyrinth design of two forms, namely concentric circles or concentric squares.
Preferably, in the step (4), the ridge surface is 150-250 cm wide and 25-30 cm higher than the tourist passage, and the tourist passage is 180-250 cm wide and is paved by gravels.
Preferably, the step (5) needs to strengthen the control of aphids, plant bugs, leafhoppers, powdery mildew and gummosis.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that 1, the short section with the height of 50-60 cm is adopted for seedling culture, the seedling culture effect is good, the peach seedlings with the crown width of more than 50 cm can be quickly obtained, 2, ridge forming cultivation is facilitated, water drainage is facilitated, good growth and development of peach flowers are guaranteed, the method is suitable for cultivation in high-temperature and high-humidity areas in the south, 3, the tree height of the maze peach tree is controlled to be 150 plus 180 cm when the peach tree is pruned in spring, the shape of the maze can be effectively kept, the ornamental effect can be influenced due to the fact that the maze is excessively high in free growth, the overall maze effect is also influenced, 4, 10-15 robust branches are reserved for each single plant when the maze peach tree is pruned, each branch is short at thirds, an outer side bud is reserved, the peach flower is moved downwards, in the case that the phenomenon of plant diseases and insect pests caused by excessive density is avoided, the maintenance period of the maze is effectively prolonged, the economic value and the ornamental value are improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be merely illustrative of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, any technology that is the same or similar to the present invention should be considered as the scope of the invention.
Example
The cultivation method of the peach blossom maze in the southern high-temperature and high-humidity region comprises the following steps:
(1) variety selection: in the peach blossom breeding base of Heidel professional technology academy, peach varieties of broom types, such as peach, pangolin, phoma, and ziyehua are grafted and propagated by using the wild peaches as rootstocks;
(2) seedling cultivation, namely leaving a short section with the height of 50-60 cm after the leaves of -year broom-shaped peach seedlings fall, ensuring that 3-4 full leaf buds are positioned below the cut, planting the peach seedlings to a seedling cultivation area according to the plant row spacing of 50 x 50 cm, strengthening cultivation pipes, and cultivating the peach seedlings with the ground diameter of 3-4 cm and the crown width of more than 50 cm;
(3) preparing a maze field: selecting a plot with high topography, good drainage, flatness and looseness as a field for building a peach blossom labyrinth, laying vertical and horizontal drainage blind pipes with the depth of 80 cm at intervals of 10 m, and paving a pipe orifice with the inner diameter of 30-50 cm; deep ploughing for 60 cm, removing root systems of malignant weeds and stones more than 5 cm for later use, and broadcasting 5000 kg of organic fertilizer/666 square meters when the soil is barren;
(4) and (3) cultivating peach trees in the peach blossom maze: after the peach trees fall leaves, digging out soil balls with the thickness of 25-35 cm on broom-shaped peach seedling belts on seedbeds in seedling areas, transporting the peach trees to a maze field, adopting maze design ridge forming planting in two forms of concentric circles or concentric squares, wherein the width of each ridge surface is 150 plus one 250 cm and is 25-30 cm higher than a tourist passage, the width of each tourist passage is 180 plus one 250 cm, paving the tourist passages by using broken stones and is 10 cm thick, planting 3-5 rows on each ridge surface, the row spacing is 30-50 cm, the plant spacing is 80-120 cm, middle-row peach trees and side-row peach trees are staggered, the distance between the side-row peach trees and the ridge edge is 45-60 cm, and the peach trees on the ridge surfaces are distributed in a plum blossom shape;
(5) the method comprises the following steps of managing the peach blossom maze peach trees, wherein the management of the peach blossom maze peach trees is characterized in that a tree height is controlled, the height of the peach blossom maze peach trees after being built is preferably controlled to be 260-320 cm in spring, the height of the peach blossom peach trees after being built is preferably controlled to be 150-180 cm in spring every year, b, the peach blossom maze of being built is re-sheared after the peach blossom every year to remove diseased branches, weak branches, crossed branches, overlapped branches and over dense branches and remove germinated rootstock buds, 10-15 thick branches are reserved for each single plant, and short branches of each thick branch are reserved at the position of three thirds of the thick branch to leave lateral buds, and c, the maze peach trees have high density and are required to be prevented and controlled for aphids, dictyostelides, green leafhoppers, powdery mildew and gummy diseases.
From 2009, the inventor begins to test and plant broom peaches, brooming white, shinning hand and purple leaf broom peaches in Changde's city professional technology academy, and begins to establish the peach blossom maze in autumn in 2011, and the peach seedling maze is rudimental in spring 2012, so that the inventor obtains social recognition, and the peach tree in the maze is well-developed until now, the landscape effect lasts for many years, and the inventor obtains good comments of various communities.
Claims (5)
1. The cultivation method of the peach blossom maze in the southern high-temperature and high-humidity region comprises the following steps:
(1) variety selection: selecting broom peaches, shinning white, shinning Ji, shinning peach and purple leaf broom peaches in the broom type peach product population;
(2) seedling cultivation, namely, grafting and breeding broom-shaped peach seedlings by using wild peaches as rootstocks, leaving a short section with the height of 50-60 cm after the leaves of the broom-shaped peach seedlings are fallen in years, ensuring that 3-4 full leaf buds are arranged below cut openings, planting the bud buds to a seedling area, reinforcing cultivation pipes, and cultivating the peach seedlings with the ground diameter of 3-4 cm and the crown width of more than 50 cm;
(3) preparing a maze field: selecting a plot with high topography, good drainage, flatness and looseness as a field for building the peach blossom maze, and paving vertical and horizontal drainage blind pipes at intervals of 10 meters and a depth of 80 centimeters;
(4) and (3) cultivating peach trees in the peach blossom maze: after the peach trees fall leaves, carrying broom-shaped peach seedlings on a seedbed in a seedling area to a maze field, ridging and planting, planting 3-5 rows on each ridge surface, wherein the row spacing is 30-50 cm, the plant spacing is 80-120 cm, the peach trees on the side rows are 45-60 cm away from the ridges, and the peach trees on the ridge surfaces are distributed in a quincunx shape;
(5) the management of the maze peach tree is characterized in that the management of the peach blossom maze peach tree is mainly characterized by controlling the tree height and improving the flower forming amount, wherein a, the tree height is controlled to be 320 cm in spring after the maze peach tree is built, the tree height is controlled to be 180 cm in spring after the maze peach tree is cut every year, b, the newly built maze peach tree is cut again after the peach tree is cut every year, diseased branches, weak branches, crossed branches, overlapped branches and over dense branches are removed, the germinated rootstock buds are removed, 10-15 thick branches are reserved for each single plant, parts of each thick branch are cut short, and lateral buds are reserved.
2. The cultivation method for the peach blossom maze in the southern high temperature and high humidity region as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the inner diameter of the opening of the drainage blind pipe is 30-50 cm; deep ploughing for 60 cm, removing root systems of malignant weeds and stones more than 5 cm, and broadcasting organic fertilizer 5000 kg/666 square meters when the soil is barren.
3. The method for cultivating the peach blossom maze in the southern high temperature and high humidity region as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the broom-shaped peach seedling is dug out by soil balls with the thickness of 25-35 cm, and adopts the maze design of two forms, namely concentric circles or concentric squares.
4. The cultivation method for the peach blossom maze in the southern high temperature and high humidity region as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein in the step (4), the ridge surface is 150-250 cm wide and 25-30 cm higher than the tourist passage, and the tourist passage is 180-250 cm wide and is paved with gravels.
5. The cultivation method of the peach blossom maze in the southern high temperature and high humidity area as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the prevention and treatment of aphids, stinkbugs, lesser leafhoppers, powdery mildew and gummosis need to be enhanced.
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