CN106068790B - A kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling - Google Patents
A kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106068790B CN106068790B CN201610568335.2A CN201610568335A CN106068790B CN 106068790 B CN106068790 B CN 106068790B CN 201610568335 A CN201610568335 A CN 201610568335A CN 106068790 B CN106068790 B CN 106068790B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, disclose a kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling comprising following steps:Step A seed collection, step B seed chemicals treatment, step C type of seeding, step D nursery water and fertilizer management.The method of the present invention planting percent is high, and low in cost, easy to operate, reproduction speed is fast, is suitble to large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling.
Background technique
The bletilla striata Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reiehb.f., orchid family bletilla striata category(Bletilla)Perennial root
Herbaceous plant, dry tuber are used as medicine, and have astringing to arrest bleeding, detumescence and promoting granulation and other effects.Modern pharmacology experimental study shows the bletilla striata also
With pharmacological actions such as antitumor, antibacterials.In addition, the bletilla striata is also widely used in afforestation, food processing and the raw material of industry.
Bletilla striata raw materials market demand rapid increase in recent years, wild bletilla striata are excavated by madness, cause its wild resource storage anxious
It reduces sharply less, it is endangered, one of the Wild Medicinal of focused protection is classified as by country.In order to protect bletilla striata wild resource, protect
Hinder bletilla striata market supply, the Wild of the bletilla striata is imperative.
Seedling breeding is the important link of plant Wild, the side such as generallys use sowing, cuttage, divides root and tissue culture
Formula.Bletilla striata seeds are extremely more, and each scape can be fruit pod 3-8 solid, and each fruit pod 2000-10000 containing seed, but its seed
It is small, it is in powdered, and seed endosperm is extremely undeveloped, only 2-3 albuminous cell is scattered naturally and fosters planting percent with conventional manual
It is extremely low.Current bletilla striata farmers' mostly uses Split-Root Nutrient Solution Method to breed, but its breeding coefficient is 2-3 times, and therefore, bletilla striata seedling breeding becomes
The bottleneck of bletilla striata Wild large-scale production.Using tissue culture technique, the rescue of bletilla striata idiosome is carried out, is current research
Hot spot and the effective propagation method of the bletilla striata, correlative study have reported success.However, being passed through using bletilla striata seeds
Sterile culture nursery, the period is long, at high cost, cumbersome.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling, and this method planting percent is high, at low cost
Honest and clean, easy to operate, reproduction speed is fast, is suitble to large-scale production.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling comprising following steps:Step A seed collection, step B seed medicament
Processing, step C type of seeding, step D nursery water and fertilizer management.
Specifically, described method includes following steps:
Step A seed collection:When seed hull switchs to withered and yellow, in fine day, band scape harvests together in the afternoon, and ventilation is shady and cool
Place dries 5-12 hours, then seed soaked in cold water 7 days, and it is primary to change water daily, dries the surface of the seed moisture after seed soaking, low temperature
Sand storage, by sand:Seed 3:1 carries out, and storage period is within 8 months;
Step B seed chemicals treatment:
(1)Seed sterilization:Bletilla striata capsule prepared by step A submerges 30s with 75% alcohol, through 5% time after aseptic water washing
Sodium chlorate solution sterilizes 10min, is during which kept stirred, aseptic water washing 3-4 times, aseptic filter paper blots bletilla striata capsule surface water
Point;(2)Prepare hormone agents:1/2 MS fluid nutrient medium+3mg/L DA-6 amine fresh fat+2mg/L KT kinetin+5mg/LCPPU
+ 1mg/LNAA adjusts pH 5.6-5.8;
(3)Processing method:Bletilla striata capsule top is cut off with scissors, seed is uniformly shaken off and is being equipped with the three of hormone agents
It in the bottle of angle, under dark condition, is placed on shaking table and shakes 48-120 hours, shaking table oscillation frequency is 100 revs/min;It then will kind
Attached bag is wrapped in two-layer nonwoven bag, and originally water droplet washes 120-180 minutes, and 2%(Mass fraction)Carbendazim aqueous solution soaking 30 is divided
Clock, Jing Fengchu dries in the air to the surface of the seed without obvious ponding, spare;
Step C type of seeding:
(1)Medium of seedling bed is prepared, according to moss:Coco bran:Perlite:Turfy soil:And rice straw hydrolyzate(1-3):
(5-6):(10-12):(15-20):(5-6)Mass ratio mixing, add the carbendazim of one thousandth mass parts, mix thoroughly to get;
(2)It is sowed after the fine sand of laying depth 10cm above medium of seedling bed;
Step D nursery water and fertilizer management:(1)After planting until emergence, seedbed auto spraying tap water and 3% mass fraction
Carbendazim aqueous solution, wherein tap water, 2 hours/time, 10-20ml/ 10m2;Carbendazim aqueous solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/
Secondary 10m2;(2)After emergence, seedbed auto spraying tap water and nutrient solution, wherein hour/time tap water 4-5,20-40ml/
Secondary 10m2;Nutrient solution be 1/4 Hoagland nutrient solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2。
The rice straw hydrolyzate is prepared as follows and obtains:Rice straw is put into pulverizer and is crushed,
50 meshes are crossed, the concentration for then adding double weight is the hydrochloric acid of 5M, 200rpm stirring hydrolysis 6 hours, finally adds ammonium hydroxide, adjusts
Save solution pH be 6.9-7.1 to get.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains mainly includes:
The present invention uses sand storage after cold water pretreatment, since sand storage vernalization is a slow water absorption course, be also simultaneously
One process for slowly converting and germinateing, Seed sprouting is related to seed moisture proportion, and only seed-bearing moisture content is close or reaches
Just start to sprout when to saturated aqueous rate, and reaches the time required for saturated aqueous rate and moisture content when seed starts lamination
Correlation, moisture content is lower before lamination, absorbs water slower, and the time for reaching saturated aqueous rate is longer, is suitable for also can time of vernalization
It is longer;Inventor is found through experiments that, carries out seed soaked in cold water 7 days before sand storage, and it is primary to change water daily, such pretreatment
Afterwards, the bletilla striata seeds that can make just reach saturation state quickly, shorten germination time, and the pretreatment can increase field germination
Rate.
For plant vegetative propagation field, hormone kind and concentration play the role of highly significant to the growth and development of seed,
The application passes through many experiments discovery, 1/2 MS fluid nutrient medium+3mg/L DA-6 amine fresh fat+2mg/L KT kinetin+5mg/
LCPPU+1mg/LNAA adjusts hormone agents treated the seed of pH 5.6-5.8, can greatly improve germination rate and survive
Rate, the speed of growth and germination rate of bletilla striata seeds significantly improve.
The present invention is by preparing specific medicament, matrix and compatibility carbendazim, improving the bud ratio of the bletilla striata and surviving
Rate, avoid tissue cultures mode low reproduction rate and it is at high cost the defects of;Operation is simple and feasible for present invention process, is suitble to scale
Metaplasia produces;By breeding above, 98% or more, whole pollution rate is and entire less than 0.1% for the survival rate of obtained bletilla striata seedling
Reproductive process cultivation cycle is less than 120 days, easy to operate without transfer, at low cost, is reduced than traditional plate method
55%.
Specific embodiment
It will should not be construed as below using specific embodiment come the present invention will be further explained to this hair
The limitation of bright initiative spirit.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling comprising following steps:
Step A seed collection::After the purple green of bletilla striata seeds shell is thin out, complete stool sprays foliar fertilizer(When section biotechnology on
The multielement foliage fertilizer of extra large Co., Ltd's production)And potash fertilizer(The mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water is 1 to 1000);To seed
When shell switchs to withered and yellow, in fine day, band scape harvests together in the afternoon, and ventilating and cooling place is dried 5-12 hours, and then seed cold water soaks
Kinds 7 days, it was primary to change water daily, dried the surface of the seed moisture after seed soaking, low temperature sand storage, by sand:Seed 3:1 carries out, storage
Phase is within 8 months;
Step B seed chemicals treatment:
(1)Seed sterilization:Bletilla striata capsule prepared by step A submerges 30s with 75% alcohol, through 5% time after aseptic water washing
Sodium chlorate solution sterilizes 10min, is during which kept stirred, aseptic water washing 3-4 times, aseptic filter paper blots bletilla striata capsule surface water
Point;(2)Prepare hormone agents:1/2 MS fluid nutrient medium+3mg/L DA-6 amine fresh fat+2mg/L KT kinetin+5mg/LCPPU
+ 1mg/LNAA adjusts pH 5.6-5.8;
(3)Processing method:Bletilla striata capsule top is cut off with scissors, seed is uniformly shaken off and is being equipped with the three of hormone agents
It in the bottle of angle, under dark condition, is placed on shaking table and shakes 48 hours, shaking table oscillation frequency is 100 revs/min;Then attached bag will be planted
It is wrapped in two-layer nonwoven bag, originally water droplet is washed 120 minutes, and 2% carbendazim aqueous solution soaking 30 minutes, Jing Fengchu dries in the air to seed
Surface is spare without obvious ponding;
Step C type of seeding:
(1)Medium of seedling bed is prepared, according to moss:Coco bran:Perlite:Turfy soil:And rice straw hydrolyzate 1:5:10:
15:5 mass ratio mixing, add the carbendazim of one thousandth mass parts, mix thoroughly to get;
(2)It is sowed after the fine sand of laying depth 10cm above medium of seedling bed, seedbed is set to heliogreenhouse or vinyl house
It is interior;Sowing time is autumn seed collection current year or spring next year;
Step D nursery water and fertilizer management:(1)After planting until emergence, seedbed auto spraying tap water and 3% mass fraction
Carbendazim aqueous solution, wherein tap water, 2 hours/time, 10-20ml/ 10m2;Carbendazim aqueous solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/
Secondary 10m2;(2)After emergence, seedbed auto spraying tap water and nutrient solution, wherein hour/time tap water 4-5,20-40ml/
Secondary 10m2;Nutrient solution be 1/4 Hoagland nutrient solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2。
The rice straw hydrolyzate is prepared as follows and obtains:Rice straw is put into pulverizer and is crushed,
50 meshes are crossed, the concentration for then adding double weight is the hydrochloric acid of 5M, 200rpm stirring hydrolysis 6 hours, finally adds ammonium hydroxide, adjusts
Save solution pH be 6.9-7.1 to get.
By above method, seed germination rate reaches 96.4%, and 98%, whole pollution rate is less than the survival rate of bletilla striata seedling
0.1%, and it is entire at low cost, 55% is reduced than traditional plate method.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling comprising following steps:
Step A seed collection:When seed hull switchs to withered and yellow, in fine day, band scape harvests together in the afternoon, and ventilation is shady and cool
Place dries 5-12 hours, then seed soaked in cold water 7 days, and it is primary to change water daily, dries the surface of the seed moisture after seed soaking, low temperature
Sand storage, by sand:Seed 3:1 carries out, and storage period is within 8 months;
Step B seed chemicals treatment:
(1)Seed sterilization:Bletilla striata capsule prepared by step A submerges 30s with 75% alcohol, through 5% time after aseptic water washing
Sodium chlorate solution sterilizes 10min, is during which kept stirred, aseptic water washing 3-4 times, aseptic filter paper blots bletilla striata capsule surface water
Point;(2)Prepare hormone agents:1/2 MS fluid nutrient medium+3mg/L DA-6 amine fresh fat+2mg/L KT kinetin+5mg/LCPPU
+ 1mg/LNAA adjusts pH 5.6-5.8;
(3)Processing method:Bletilla striata capsule top is cut off with scissors, seed is uniformly shaken off and is being equipped with the three of hormone agents
It in the bottle of angle, under dark condition, is placed on shaking table and shakes 120 hours, shaking table oscillation frequency is 100 revs/min;Then attached bag will be planted
It is wrapped in two-layer nonwoven bag, originally water droplet is washed 180 minutes, and 2% carbendazim aqueous solution soaking 30 minutes, Jing Fengchu dries in the air to seed
Surface is spare without obvious ponding;
Step C type of seeding:
(1)Medium of seedling bed is prepared, according to moss:Coco bran:Perlite:Turfy soil:And rice straw hydrolyzate is according to 3:
6:12:20:6 mass ratio mixing, add the carbendazim of one thousandth mass parts, mix thoroughly to get;
(2)It is sowed after the fine sand of laying depth 10cm above medium of seedling bed;
Step D nursery water and fertilizer management:(1)After planting until emergence, seedbed auto spraying tap water and 3% mass fraction
Carbendazim aqueous solution, wherein tap water, 2 hours/time, 10-20ml/ 10m2;Carbendazim aqueous solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/
Secondary 10m2;(2)After emergence, seedbed auto spraying tap water and nutrient solution, wherein hour/time tap water 4-5,20-40ml/
Secondary 10m2;Nutrient solution be 1/4 Hoagland nutrient solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2。
The rice straw hydrolyzate is prepared as follows and obtains:Rice straw is put into pulverizer and is crushed,
50 meshes are crossed, the concentration for then adding double weight is the hydrochloric acid of 5M, 200rpm stirring hydrolysis 6 hours, finally adds ammonium hydroxide, adjusts
Save solution pH be 6.9-7.1 to get.
By above method, seed germination rate reaches 97.5%, and 99%, entirety pollutes the survival rate of obtained bletilla striata seedling
Rate is at low cost less than 0.1%, reduces 55% than traditional plate method.
The above list is only a few specific embodiments of the present invention for finally, it should also be noted that.Obviously, this hair
Bright to be not limited to above embodiments, acceptable there are many deformations.Those skilled in the art can be from present disclosure
All deformations for directly exporting or associating, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling comprising following steps:
Step A seed collection:
Seed is harvested, dries 5-12 hour in ventilating and cooling place, then soaked in cold water 7 days, it is primary to change water daily, will plant after seed soaking
Sub- surface moisture dries, low temperature sand storage, by sand:Seed=3:1 mass ratio carries out;
Step B seed chemicals treatment:
(1)Seed sterilization:Seed prepared by step A submerges 30s with 75% alcohol, molten through 5% sodium hypochlorite after aseptic water washing
Liquid disinfectant 10min, is during which kept stirred, and aseptic water washing 3-4 blots surface moisture all over rear aseptic filter paper;
(2)Prepare hormone agents:1/2 MS fluid nutrient medium+3mg/L DA-6 amine fresh fat+2mg/ L KT kinetin+5mg/L
CPPU+1mg/L NAA adjusts pH 5.6-5.8;
(3)Processing method:Bletilla striata capsule top is cut off with scissors, seed is uniformly shaken off in the triangular flask that hormone agents are housed
In, it under dark condition, is placed on shaking table and shakes 48-120 hours, shaking table oscillation frequency is 100 revs/min;Then attached bag will be planted
It is wrapped in two-layer nonwoven bag, originally water droplet is washed 120-180 minutes, and 2% carbendazim aqueous solution soaking 30 minutes is dried in the air to kind of a sublist
Face is spare without obvious ponding;
Step C sowing:
(1)Medium of seedling bed is prepared, according to moss:Coco bran:Perlite:Turfy soil:Rice straw hydrolyzate=(1-3):(5-6):
(10-12):(15-20):(5-6)Mass ratio mixing, add the carbendazim of one thousandth mass parts, mix thoroughly to get;
(2)It is sowed after the fine sand of laying depth 10cm above medium of seedling bed;
Step D nursery water and fertilizer management:
(1)After planting until emergence, seedbed spray the carbendazim aqueous solution of tap water and 3% automatically, wherein tap water, 2 hours/
It is secondary, 10-20ml/ 10m2;Carbendazim aqueous solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2;(2)After emergence, seedbed sprays certainly automatically
Water and nutrient solution.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the rice straw hydrolyzate be prepared as follows and
?:Rice straw to be put into pulverizer and is crushed, 50 meshes are crossed, the concentration for then adding double weight is the hydrochloric acid of 5M,
200rpm stirring hydrolysis 6 hours, finally add ammonium hydroxide, adjust solution pH be 6.9-7.1 to get.
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CN106888948A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-27 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of seed propagation method of first hat rattan |
CN106941959A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-14 | 红河道地中药材开发有限公司 | High-quality bletilla striata method for culturing seedlings |
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CN107306631A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-11-03 | 金寨县金绿源特色中药材种植农场 | A kind of direct sowing and seedling method of the bletilla striata |
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CN107896550A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-04-13 | 陈增光 | A kind of bletilla striata seeds processing method |
CN109006292A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 遵义市龙驰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of quick seeding growing seedlings method of bletilla striata seeds simple plastic greenhouse |
CN110073761A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-08-02 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of method of bletilla striata seeds direct sowing and seedling |
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