CN106305386A - Sowing and seedling breeding method of bletilla striata - Google Patents

Sowing and seedling breeding method of bletilla striata Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106305386A
CN106305386A CN201610700570.0A CN201610700570A CN106305386A CN 106305386 A CN106305386 A CN 106305386A CN 201610700570 A CN201610700570 A CN 201610700570A CN 106305386 A CN106305386 A CN 106305386A
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seed
bletillae
solution
pod
water
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周义峰
汤兴利
李乃伟
束晓春
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and discloses a sowing and seedling breeding method of bletilla striata. The sowing and seedling breeding method comprises the following steps: step A, harvesting fruit pods; step B, treating seeds with a drug; step C, carrying out a sowing method; step D, carrying out seedling breeding water and fertilizer management. The method provided by the invention is high in seedling rate, low in cost, simple to operate and rapid in reproduction speed, and is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

A kind of method of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seeding and seedling raising
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, a kind of method being specifically related to Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seeding and seedling raising.
Background technology
Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reiehb.f., the orchid family Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) belongs to (Bletilla) perennial root Herbaceous plant, dry tuber is used as medicine, and has the effects such as astringing to arrest bleeding, detumescence and promoting granulation.Modern pharmacology experimentation shows, the Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) is also There is antitumor, the pharmacological action such as antibacterial.Additionally, the Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) is also widely used in afforestation, food processing and the raw material of industry. Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) raw materials market demand rapid increase in recent years, the wild Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) is suffered that madness is excavated, causes its wild resource storage anxious Reduce sharply few, endangered, by one of country's Wild Medicinal being classified as focused protection.In order to protect Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) wild resource, protect Barrier Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) market supply, the Wild of the Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) is imperative.
Seedling breeding is the important step of plant Wild, generally uses the sides such as sowing, cuttage, point root and group training Formula.Bletilla striata seeds is the most, each scape can solid fruit pod 3-8 grain, each fruit pod is containing seed 2000-10000, but its seed Little, in powder, and seed endosperm is the most undeveloped, only 2-3 albuminous cell, is naturally scattered and conventional manual fosters planting percent Extremely low.The many employings Split-Root Nutrient Solution Method breeding of current Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) farmers', but its breeding coefficient is 2-3 times, and therefore, Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seedling breeding becomes The bottleneck of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) Wild large-scale production.Application tissue culture technique, carries out Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) idiosome rescue, is current research Focus, is also the effective propagation method of the Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), the existing reported success of its correlational study.But, utilize bletilla striata seeds to pass through Aseptic culture nursery, cycle length, cost are high, complex operation.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that it is an object of the invention to provide Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seeding and seedling raising, the method planting percent is high, with low cost, behaviour Making simple, reproduction speed is fast, is suitable for large-scale production.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of method of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seeding and seedling raising, its comprise the steps: step A fruit pod gather, step B seed chemicals treatment, step Rapid C type of seeding, step D nursery water and fertilizer management.
Specifically, described method comprises the steps:
Step A fruit pod is gathered: when fruit pod shell transfers to withered and yellow, gathering together in fine day afternoon band scape, dries in the air in ventilating and cooling place Dry;
Step B seed chemicals treatment:
(1) really pod sterilizing: Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule step A prepared is with 75% ethanol submergence 30s, through 5% hypochlorous acid after aseptic water washing Sodium solution sterilization 10min, period is kept stirred, and aseptic water washing 3-4 time, aseptic filter paper blots Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule surface moisture;(2) Prepare hormone agents: 1/2 MS fluid medium+2mg/LNAA, adjust pH 5.6-5.8;
(3) processing method: with shears, Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule top is cut off, seed is uniformly shaken off at the triangular flask equipped with hormone agents In, under dark condition, it being positioned on shaking table concussion 48-120 hour, shaking table concussion frequency is 100 revs/min;Then will kind of attached bag Being wrapped in two-layer nonwoven bag, water droplet is washed 120-180 minute from the beginning, 2%(mass fraction) carbendazim aqueous solution soaking 30 minutes, Jing Fengchu dries in the air to the surface of the seed without obvious hydrops, standby;
The type of seeding of step C:
(1) medium of seedling bed is prepared, according to lichen: coconut palm bran: perlite: turfy soil: and rice straw hydrolyzed solution (1-3): (5- 6): (10-12): (15-20): the mass ratio mixing of (5-6), add the carbendazim of one thousandth mass parts, mix thoroughly, to obtain final product;
(2) sowing after seed and fine sand are mixed thoroughly according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:100, be gently spread on medium of seedling bed surface, thickness is 0.1-0.2cm;
Step D nursery water and fertilizer management: (1) after planting until emerging, seedbed auto spraying tap water and many bacterium of 3% mass fraction Lingshui Spring solution, wherein, tap water, 2 hours/time, 10-20ml/ 10m2;Carbendazim aqueous solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ time 10m2;(2) after emerging, seedbed auto spraying tap water and nutritional solution, wherein, and tap water 4-5 hour/time, 20-40ml/ time 10m2;Nutritional solution is 1/4 Hoagland nutritional solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2
Described rice straw hydrolyzed solution is prepared as follows and obtains: is put into by rice straw in pulverizer and pulverizes, Cross 50 mesh sieves, then add the hydrochloric acid that concentration is 5M of double weight, 200rpm stirring hydrolysis 6 hours, finally add ammonia, adjust The pH of joint solution is 6.9-7.1, to obtain final product.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains specifically includes that
In the capsule of orchid, embryo Maturity is most important to the germination percentage of seed.The present invention uses the later stage of bearing fruit to use blade face Fertilizer, and naturally dry promotion seed and reach full growth maturation.Inventor is found through experiments, and after this process, can make the Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) Seed reaches full state, shortens sprout time, improves field germination rate.The patent of application before inventor In 2016105683352, hide method by sand and improve seed moisture proportion, thus increase seed moisture content saturation.By comparison, The present invention uses nutritional solution and the method dried of gathering before gathering, can effectively solve the difficult problem that seed development is full.Two kinds The difference of method is, husky Tibetan moisturizing only promotes germination state to change in terms of biophysics, and later stage fertilising of bearing fruit is Promote that seed chemistry grows to produce to change.The latter, more efficient, and save artificial.
For plant asexual propagation field, hormone kind and concentration, the growth promoter of seed there is is the effect of highly significant, The application is found by great many of experiments, 1/2 MS fluid medium+2mg/LNAA, after adjusting the hormone agents of pH 5.6-5.8 to process Seed, it is possible to being greatly improved germination rate and survival rate, bletilla striata seeds germination rate significantly improves, and neat Seedling natural law detail shortens. With apply for a patent before in (2016105683352) hormone prescription " 1/2 MS fluid medium+3mg/L DA-6 amine fresh fat+ 2mg/ KT kinetins+5mg/L CPPU+1mg/L NAA " compare, the present invention use reagent combination, be more prone to configuration and Use, the most cost-effective, it is thus also avoided that the reciprocal action between many hormones.
The present invention, by preparing specific medicament, substrate and compatibility carbendazim, improves the bud ratio of the Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) and survives Rate, it is to avoid Liao Ping inner tissue training method breeding potential is low and high in cost of production defect;Operation is simple and feasible for present invention process, is suitable for Large-scale production;Through above breeding, more than 98%, there is not the dirt in non-symbiosis germination in the survival rate of the Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) Seedling obtained Dye rate, and whole reproductive process cultivation cycle was less than 100 days.Simple to operate, it is not necessary to transfer, with low cost, than traditional solid The toxigenic capacity of culture method reduces more than half.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter the present invention is further explained by employing specific embodiment, but should not be construed as the present invention is created The restriction of new spirit.
Embodiment one
1, really pod is gathered: Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) fruit pod shell purple green thin out after, Herb spray foliage fertilizer (time section's biotechnology Shanghai limited public affairs The multielement foliage fertilizer that department produces) and potash fertilizer (potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1 to 1000 with the mass ratio of water);Treat that fruit pod shell transfers to Time withered and yellow, gathering together in fine day afternoon band scape, ventilating and cooling place is dried.
2, seed chemicals treatment:
(1) Seed sterilization: Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule step 1 prepared is with 75% ethanol submergence 30s, through 5% hypochlorous acid after aseptic water washing Sodium solution sterilization 10min, period is kept stirred, and aseptic water washing 3-4 time, aseptic filter paper blots Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule surface moisture;
(2) prepare hormone agents: 1/2 MS fluid medium+2mg/LNAA, adjust pH 5.6-5.8;
(3) processing method: with shears, Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule top is cut off, seed is uniformly shaken off at the triangular flask equipped with hormone agents In, under dark condition, it being positioned on shaking table concussion 48 hours, shaking table concussion frequency is 100 revs/min;Then seed is wrapped in In two-layer nonwoven bag, water droplet is washed 120 minutes from the beginning, and 2% carbendazim aqueous solution soaking 30 minutes, Jing Fengchu dries in the air to the surface of the seed Without obvious hydrops, standby;
3, type of seeding:
(1) medium of seedling bed is prepared, according to lichen: coconut palm bran: perlite: turfy soil: and rice straw hydrolyzed solution 1:5:10:15:5 Mass ratio mixing, add the carbendazim of one thousandth mass parts, mix thoroughly, to obtain final product;
(2) sowing after seed and fine sand are mixed thoroughly according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:100, be gently spread on medium of seedling bed surface, thickness is 0.1-0.2cm, seedbed is arranged in heliogreenhouse or hot house;Sowing time gathers autumn or spring next year then for fruit pod;
4, nursery water and fertilizer management:
(1) after planting until emerging, seedbed auto spraying tap water and the carbendazim aqueous solution of 3% mass fraction, wherein, from the beginning Water, 2 hours/time, 10-20ml/ 10m2;Carbendazim aqueous solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2
(2) after emerging, seedbed auto spraying tap water and nutritional solution, wherein, and tap water 4-5 hour/time, 20-40ml/ time 10m2;Nutritional solution is 1/4 Hoagland nutritional solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2
Described rice straw hydrolyzed solution is prepared as follows and obtains: is put into by rice straw in pulverizer and pulverizes, Cross 50 mesh sieves, then add the hydrochloric acid that concentration is 5M of double weight, 200rpm stirring hydrolysis 6 hours, finally add ammonia, adjust The pH of joint solution is 6.9-7.1, to obtain final product.
Through above method, seed germination rate reaches 97.3%, and the survival rate of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) Seedling, 98.5%, does not exist tissue culture bottle Internal contamination situation, and whole low cost, reduce 57% than traditional plate method.
Embodiment two
1, really pod is gathered: Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) fruit pod shell purple green thin out after, Herb spray foliage fertilizer (time section's biotechnology Shanghai limited public affairs The multielement foliage fertilizer that department produces) and potash fertilizer (potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1 to 1000 with the mass ratio of water);Treat that fruit pod shell transfers to Time withered and yellow, gathering together in fine day afternoon band scape, ventilating and cooling place is dried.
2, seed chemicals treatment:
(1) really pod sterilizing: Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule step A prepared is with 75% ethanol submergence 30s, through 5% hypochlorous acid after aseptic water washing Sodium solution sterilization 10min, period is kept stirred, and aseptic water washing 3-4 time, aseptic filter paper blots Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule surface moisture;
(2) prepare hormone agents: 1/2 MS fluid medium+2mg/LNAA, adjust pH 5.6-5.8;
(3) processing method: with shears, Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule top is cut off, seed is uniformly shaken off at the triangular flask equipped with hormone agents In, under dark condition, it being positioned on shaking table concussion 120 hours, shaking table concussion frequency is 100 revs/min;Then seed is wrapped in In two-layer nonwoven bag, water droplet is washed 180 minutes from the beginning, and 2% carbendazim aqueous solution soaking 30 minutes, Jing Fengchu dries in the air to the surface of the seed Without obvious hydrops, standby;
3, type of seeding:
(1) medium of seedling bed is prepared, according to lichen: coconut palm bran: perlite: turfy soil: and rice straw hydrolyzed solution is according to 3:6:12: The mass ratio mixing of 20:6, adds the carbendazim of one thousandth mass parts, mixes thoroughly, to obtain final product;
(2) sow after the fine sand of laying depth 10cm above medium of seedling bed;
4, nursery water and fertilizer management:
(1) after planting until emerging, seedbed auto spraying tap water and the carbendazim aqueous solution of 3% mass fraction, wherein, from the beginning Water, 2 hours/time, 10-20ml/ 10m2;Carbendazim aqueous solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2
(2) after emerging, seedbed auto spraying tap water and nutritional solution, wherein, and tap water 4-5 hour/time, 20-40ml/ time 10m2;Nutritional solution is 1/4 Hoagland nutritional solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2
Described rice straw hydrolyzed solution is prepared as follows and obtains: is put into by rice straw in pulverizer and pulverizes, Cross 50 mesh sieves, then add the hydrochloric acid that concentration is 5M of double weight, 200rpm stirring hydrolysis 6 hours, finally add ammonia, adjust The pH of joint solution is 6.9-7.1, to obtain final product.
Through above method, seed germination rate reaches 97.2%, the survival rate of the Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) Seedling obtained 98.9%, low cost, 60% is reduced than traditional plate method.
Finally, in addition it is also necessary to be only several specific embodiments of the present invention it is noted that listed above.Obviously, this Bright it is not limited to above example, it is also possible to have many deformation.Those of ordinary skill in the art can be from present disclosure The all deformation directly derived or associate, are all considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a method for Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) seeding and seedling raising, its comprise the steps: step A fruit pod gather, step B seed chemicals treatment, The type of seeding of step C, step D nursery water and fertilizer management.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
Step A fruit pod is gathered: really pod Later growth, uses foliage fertilizer, promotes that it is ripe, after really pod is gathered, in ventilating and cooling place Naturally dry;
Step B seed chemicals treatment:
(1) really pod sterilizing: fruit pod step A prepared is with 75% ethanol submergence 30s, molten through 5% sodium hypochlorite after aseptic water washing Liquid disinfectant 10min, period is kept stirred, and aseptic water washing 3-4 blots surface moisture all over rear aseptic filter paper;
(2) prepare hormone agents: 1/2 MS fluid medium+2mg/L NAA, adjust pH 5.6-5.8;
(3) processing method: with shears, Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) capsule top is cut off, seed is uniformly shaken off at the triangular flask equipped with hormone agents In, under dark condition, it being positioned on shaking table concussion 48-120 hour, shaking table concussion frequency is 100 revs/min;Then will kind of attached bag Being wrapped in two-layer nonwoven bag, water droplet is washed 120-180 minute from the beginning, and 2% carbendazim aqueous solution soaking 30 minutes is dried in the air to kind of a sublist Face is without obvious hydrops, standby;
Step C is sowed:
(1) medium of seedling bed is prepared, according to lichen: coconut palm bran: perlite: turfy soil: rice straw hydrolyzed solution=(1-3): (5-6): (10-12): (15-20): the mass ratio mixing of (5-6), add the carbendazim of one thousandth mass parts, mix thoroughly, to obtain final product;
(2) sow after seed and fine sand are mixed thoroughly according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:100;
Step D nursery water and fertilizer management:
(1) after planting until emerging, seedbed sprays the carbendazim aqueous solution of tap water and 3% automatically by system for regular sprinkler irrigation, its In, tap water, 2 hours/time, 10-20ml/ 10m2;Carbendazim aqueous solution, 5 days/time, 50ml/ 10m2;(2) emerge After, seedbed sprays tap water and nutritional solution automatically, sprays frequency and slows down.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described rice straw hydrolyzed solution be prepared as follows and : rice straw is put in pulverizer and pulverize, cross 50 mesh sieves, then add the hydrochloric acid that concentration is 5M of double weight, 200rpm stirring hydrolysis 6 hours, finally adds ammonia, and the pH of regulation solution is 6.9-7.1, to obtain final product.
CN201610700570.0A 2016-08-23 2016-08-23 Sowing and seedling breeding method of bletilla striata Pending CN106305386A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106912290A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-07-04 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 A kind of efficient implantation methods of the bletilla striata
CN107306631A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-11-03 金寨县金绿源特色中药材种植农场 A kind of direct sowing and seedling method of the bletilla striata
CN108719070A (en) * 2018-06-12 2018-11-02 中国科学院武汉植物园 A kind of tissue culture seed disinfection of bletilla and inoculation method
CN109197020A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-01-15 河南云帮农业科技有限公司 A kind of pretreating method for seed before bletilla striata seeds live streaming
CN110393053A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-11-01 四川百特威生物科技有限公司 The method for promoting to sprout outside bletilla seed chamber

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106912290A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-07-04 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 A kind of efficient implantation methods of the bletilla striata
CN107306631A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-11-03 金寨县金绿源特色中药材种植农场 A kind of direct sowing and seedling method of the bletilla striata
CN108719070A (en) * 2018-06-12 2018-11-02 中国科学院武汉植物园 A kind of tissue culture seed disinfection of bletilla and inoculation method
CN110393053A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-11-01 四川百特威生物科技有限公司 The method for promoting to sprout outside bletilla seed chamber
CN109197020A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-01-15 河南云帮农业科技有限公司 A kind of pretreating method for seed before bletilla striata seeds live streaming

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Application publication date: 20170111