CN106064967A - The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that a kind of rhizome vegetable is special - Google Patents
The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that a kind of rhizome vegetable is special Download PDFInfo
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- CN106064967A CN106064967A CN201610374550.9A CN201610374550A CN106064967A CN 106064967 A CN106064967 A CN 106064967A CN 201610374550 A CN201610374550 A CN 201610374550A CN 106064967 A CN106064967 A CN 106064967A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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Abstract
The invention discloses the organic composite fertilizer that a kind of rhizome vegetable is special, its by will pulverize straw and cattle manure as SOLID ORGANIC material, add the organic matter decomposing inoculant with specific effect of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 5 ‰ ratios again and add appropriate water, after mixing with organic materials, keeping water content is about 60%, and natural outdoor temperature bottom fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed and forms just fertilizer for 5 10 days.Add after all kinds of nutrients of proper proportion mix homogeneously with fermentation materials again, add the bio-feritlizer obtained after the special growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable of the rhizome vegetable of 4 ‰ ratios uniformly mixes.The present invention solves and uses merely chemical fertilizer, common fertilizer, farm manure and all drawbacks existing for pure microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and fully combine the growth characteristic in rhizome vegetable each period and the demand to nutrient, note regulating its contradiction with reproductive growth of nourishing and growing, be a kind of be particularly suited for rhizome vegetable growth, efficiently, the organic composite fertilizer of high-quality.In terms of rhizome vegetable produces plantation, there is preferable application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof, be particularly suited for rhizome vegetable, belong to agriculture
Technical field prepared by industry biological organic fertilizer.
Background technology
China's chemical fertilizer year usage amount is at about 100,013,000 tons at present, and vast farmers is the most all to use chemical fertilizer,
But the drawback that life-time service chemical fertilizer produces is thereupon, the hardening soil, chemical element residual, environmental pollution etc. are a series of asks
Topic emerges.Chemical fertilizer can not meet the needs of sustainable development, more can not become the pillar of green agriculture, and each state all exists
Find countermeasure.Biological organic fertilizer is born with regard to this, becomes the second revolution of chemical fertilizer.Biological organic fertilizer refers to the micro-life of specific function
Thing with mainly with plant and animal residues (such as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw etc.) for originate and through harmless treatment, become thoroughly decomposed organic
The class that material is composited has microbial manure and the fertilizer of fertilizer effect concurrently.
And rhizome vegetable refers to a class vegetable crop edible with the subterranean organ rich in carbohydrate, including trailing plants
Fore-telling, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, Rhizoma Nelumbinis, Radix Dauci Sativae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae etc..Rhizome vegetable plant is contained in the absorption to nutrient of each trophophase, fleshy tap root growth
Phase absorbtivity is maximum, and Seedling Stage and seated phase are to absorb root and leafage growth period, need nitrogen more than phosphorus, potassium, and fleshy tap root growth is contained
Phase, phosphorus, potassium requirement increase, especially most with potassium.Rhizome vegetable growth early stage nitrogenous fertilizer is critically important, when Nitrogen supplying concentration
Time at the bottom of the early stage height later stage, growth is normal good, otherwise, then yield declines, and occurs rotting.During nitrogen stress, seedling is thin and delicate, and fleshy tap root is raw
Long bad, but nitrogen too much easy excessive growth affects fleshy tap root and expands.Phosphorus is absorbed by rhizome vegetable can be relatively strong, only works as soil
Just showing obvious phosphorus deficiency symptom when middle available phosphorus content is less than 10PPM, its Seedling growth cell is weak, and fleshy tap root is short and small.Rhizome
During class vegetable lacks, easily there is brown centre rot in trace element, and diseased wood suberification is serious, therefore wants suitable trace element supplement.Merely
Use chemical fertilizer and can not meet the nutritional need of rhizome vegetable, it is therefore desirable to enriching biological organic fertilizer is its supplementary nutrient.Want
Solve the problems referred to above and will change existing production model, so that nutrients release meets rhizome vegetable Nutrient Absorption requirement.
Along with the reach of science, biological organic fertilizer effect in agricultural reveals gradually.
Summary of the invention
The special biological organic fertilizer of rhizome vegetable of the present invention refers to utilize microbial technique, apolegamy to have specific
The strain of function of becoming thoroughly decomposed makes microbial inoculum, is fermented into by SOLID ORGANIC material the most fertile with this microbial inoculum, then adds each in suitable ratio
Class nutrient, then it is equipped with the fertilizer made by rhizome vegetable special growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable.Product of the present invention makes full use of
There is the characteristic of the function strain that becomes thoroughly decomposed, all kinds of discarded SOLID ORGANIC material fermentation maturities are become fertilizer, turn waste into wealth, save
Resource, greatly reduces environmental pollution；Add again the special growth promotion microbial inoculum of rhizome vegetable, this growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable be through
Consult substantial amounts of data, carry out research summary, have having of special efficacy according to actual requirement selection is several for rhizome vegetable
Beneficial microorganism, is then repeatedly tested by reality, finally determines the optimal proportion of each microorganism, it is ensured that the nutrition in fruit tree each stage
Demand.By the interaction between each strain, play stimulation plant growing, alleviate the hardening soil, improvement soil ecology ring
Border, disease resistance etc. act on, thus reach volume increase, the purpose of high yield.The present invention solves and uses merely chemical fertilizer, the most organic
All drawbacks existing for fertile, farm manure and pure microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
Decomposing microbial inoculum selected by product of the present invention, it uses bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis)
CICC10088, aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete
Chrysosporium) ACCC30414, trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449 etc. have special merit of becoming thoroughly decomposed
The strain of effect, the microbial bacterial agent of composite fermentation in appropriate proportion.Selected each strain all can produce cellulase,
The multiple enzyme such as lignoenzyme, hemicellulase, waxiness element enzyme, pectase, by mesophilic bacteria and the collaborative work of high temperature resistant bacterium
With, quickly all kinds of discarded organic materials fermentation maturities are become fertilizer, turn waste into wealth, save resource, greatly reduce environment dirty
Dye.
The growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable that rhizome vegetable selected by the present invention is special, it contains substantial amounts of to tubers growth
Giving birth to the beneficial microbe of special efficacy, it uses bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC 02973, huge
Bacillus cereus (Bacillus megaterium) ACCC 10010, aztobacter sp (Azotobacter
Chroococcum) CGMCC1.142, colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC 1.153, lichens bud
As mix bacterium agent after the strain fermentating liquid mixing such as spore bacillus (Bacillus licheniformis) ACCC02936, through again
The complex microbial inoculum fermented and prepare.It is through consulting substantial amounts of documents and materials that the present invention chooses each strain, carries out research total
Knot, selects several beneficial microbes having special efficacy for rhizome vegetable growth promoter according to actual requirement, then passes through
Reality is tested repeatedly, finally determines the optimal proportion of each microorganism, thus ensures the nutritional need in rhizome vegetable each stage.
The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that concrete rhizome vegetable of the present invention is special, the method include as
Lower step:
(1) preparation of organic matter decomposing inoculant
Strain quantity is respectively reached 108The bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) of individual/more than mL
CICC10088, aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete
Chrysosporium) ACCC30414, the strain fermentating liquid of trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449 are pressed
After the volume ratio mix homogeneously of 1.5～2.0:0.8～1.3:0.8～1.3:0.8～1.3, it is inoculated in and fills composite bacteria agent capable cultivation
In the fermentation tank of base A, inoculum concentration is the 5% of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A cumulative volume, cultivates 4～7 days, make in fermentation liquid at 30 DEG C
Total bacteria count reaches 108Individual/mL, i.e. obtains organic matter decomposing inoculant；
Described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A formula is: Semen Maydis flour 0.5～1.5g/L, corn stalk powder 15～17g/L, wheat bran
0.2～0.4g/L, soybean cake powder 0.2～0.4g/L, Vogel ' s mother solution 4mL/100mL, pH value 6.0～8.0；
The concrete preparation process of step () is:
1. actication of culture: described each strain is connected on slant medium；Bacillus subtilis 28～32 DEG C, pH is 7.2
～7.4, incubation time is 1～3 day；Aspergillus oryzae cultivation temperature 25～28 DEG C, pH is 6.0～6.5, and incubation time is 4～7 days；
Whiterot fungi cultivation temperature 25～28 DEG C, incubation time is 4～7 days；
2. first class inoculum is cultivated: be inoculated in respectively by described strain in the 50mL conical flask filling fluid medium, cultivates
Base pH is 6.0～8.0, and conical flask puts into shaking table shaken cultivation, and temperature is 30 DEG C, vibration 24～48h；Use blood counting chamber meter
Number, in bacterium solution, strain quantity respectively reaches 108Individual/mL；
3. second order fermentation: described strain is inoculated in respectively in the 1000mL conical flask filling fluid medium, culture medium
PH6.0～8.0, puts into shaking table vibration, and temperature is 30 DEG C, vibration 48～72h；Thus obtain strain quantity and respectively reach 108Individual/
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088 of more than mL, aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus niger)
CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) ACCC30414, trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma
reesei)ACCC30449。
Described slant culture based formulas is:
1. the slant culture based formulas that bacillus subtilis uses is: beef infusion broth 1.0L, peptone 10g, NaCl5.0g,
Agar 20.0-20.5g, pH7.2-7.4, the preparation of beef infusion broth: lean beef cleans, chopping, weigh 550g and be soaked in 1375mL
In water, soaking a night, filter, after filtering subpackage, 0.6kgf/cm2 40min is standby.
2. the slant culture based formulas that aspergillus oryzae uses is: 5 0Be wort agars, 5 0Be beerwort 1.0L, agar
15.0g, natural pH.
3. the slant culture based formulas of whiterot fungi is: PDA culture medium, removes the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200 grams of skin, is cut into small pieces, adds
1000 milliliters of water boils 30 minutes and filters off potato ball, filtrate complements to 1000 milliliters, adds glucose 20 grams, and 15 grams of agar is molten
Subpackage after change, 15 pounds of sterilizings 30 minutes；Natural pH.
4. the slant culture based formulas of trichoderma reesei: same to whiterot fungi.
Described fluid medium is that slant medium is not added with agar.
(2) puddle, ferment
Organic matter decomposing inoculant step () prepared is mixed in 5 ‰ ratios of fermented organic material gross mass, then
It is blended into appropriate water, makes total moisture control about 60%, at fermentation vat through fermentation in 5-10 days, i.e. prepare the most fertile；
Described fermentation particularly as follows: put fermentation installation into by the fermented organic material of mixing and stirring, and venting is filled up in compacting
Air, fermentation vat top covers layer of plastic film, upper cover sealing and fermenting, turns over buttress in good time, keeps the skin wet, by total moisture during turning
Controlling about 60%, raw material is held agglomerating, and webs have water but do not drip, and looses one's grip and i.e. dissipate preferably.
In preferred technical scheme, the fermentation time of step (two) refers to: general 4-5 days summer, 6-7 days spring and autumn, winter
10 days seasons.
(3) deep processing
Carry out first fertilizer pulverizing, drying, by the most fertile mass percent, the specifically following nutrient of interpolation:
Nitrogen 3.0-5.0%, phosphorus 0.5-2.5%, potassium 4.0-6.0%；Calcium 0.5～1.5%, magnesium 0.5～1.5%；Boron 0.01
～0.05%, zinc 0.01～0.05%；Humic acid fertilizer 5.0～10.0%；
Under preferable case, the ratio adding nutrient is:
A. the adding proportion of a great number of elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium): nitrogen 3.0%, phosphorus 2.0%, potassium 6.0%；
B. moderate-element adding proportion: calcium 0.6%, magnesium 0.5%；
C. the adding proportion of trace element: boron 0.03%, zinc 0.02%；
D. the adding proportion of humic acid fertilizer: 5.0%.
(4) preparation of rhizome vegetable special growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable
Strain quantity is respectively reached 108Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC of individual/more than mL
02973, bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) ACCC 10010, aztobacter sp (Azotobacter
Chroococcum) CGMCC 1.142, colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC 1.153, lichens
The strain fermentating liquid of bacillus cereus (Bacillus licheniformis) ACCC02936, by (10～20%): (20～
30%): (10～20%): (20～30%): as mix bacterium agent after the ratio mix homogeneously of (10～20%), be inoculated in and fill
In the fermentation tank of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B, inoculum concentration is the 5% of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B cumulative volume, composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B
PH 6.5～7.5, at 30 DEG C cultivate 4～7 days, make total bacteria count in fermentation liquid reach 6～10 × 108Individual/mL, i.e. obtains rhizome
Class vegetable special microorganism composite bacterial agent, pH is 6.8, and total living bacteria count is 9 × 108Individual/mL；
The formula of described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B is: Semen Maydis powder 15～18g/100mL, Semen Glycines powder 5～8g/100mL, ferment
Female cream 0.1～0.2g/100mL, KH2PO40.2～2g/100mL, K2HPO40.5～2g/100mL, MgSO4·7H2O 0.001
～0.02g/100mL, NaCl 0.5～0.8g/100mL, (NH4)2SO40.001～0.01g/100mL, remaining is distilled water；
The detailed process of described step (four) is as follows:
1. inoculation: by described each strain (colloid bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, aztobacter sp, huge spore
Bacillus, bacillus subtilis) it is connected to respectively on slant medium；Colloid bacillus cereus (B. mucilaginocus) cultivation temperature 25～35 DEG C,
PH is 7.5～8.0, and incubation time is 5 days；Bacillus licheniformis cultivation temperature 25～30 DEG C, pH is 7.0～8.0, incubation time
It it is 5 days；Aztobacter sp cultivation temperature is 25～30 DEG C, and pH is 7.0-7.5, and incubation time is 3～5 days；Huge spore
Bacillus is 27～37 DEG C, and pH is 6.5～7.5, and incubation time is 4 days；Bacillus subtilis cultivation temperature 27～37 DEG C, pH is
6.5～7.5, incubation time is 4 days；
2. first class inoculum is cultivated: the strain described step 1 prepared is inoculated in by the amount of inoculating loop one ring respectively and fills phase
Answering in the 50mL conical flask of fluid medium, medium pH is 6.5～7.5, and conical flask puts into shaking table vibration, and temperature is 30 DEG C,
Vibration 24～48h；Employing blood counting chamber counts, and in bacterium solution, strain quantity respectively reaches 108Individual/mL；
3. second order fermentation: the strain described step 2 prepared is inoculated in the 1000mL filling fluid medium respectively by 5%
In conical flask, medium pH 6.5～7.5, put into shaking table vibration, temperature is 30 DEG C, vibration 48～72h；Make strain quantity respectively
Reach 108Individual/more than mL, thus prepare strain quantity and respectively reach 108Bacillus subtilis (the Bacillus of individual/more than mL
Subtilis) ACCC 02973, bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) ACCC 10010, Bacillus licheniformis
(Bacillus licheniformis) ACCC02936, aztobacter sp (Azotobacter chroococcum)
CGMCC1.142, the strain fermentating liquid of colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC 1.153.
The slant culture based formulas used in described rhizome vegetable complex microbial inoculum preparation process is:
1. the slant culture based formulas that colloid bacillus cereus uses is: KH2PO4 0.06g、MgSO4·7H2O 0.05g、
CaSO4·5H2O 0.004g, peptone 5g, Semen Maydis pulp (50% dry weight) 2.5g, lactose 15g, NaCl 4g, distillation
Water 1000mL, agar 25g, pH 7.1；
2. the slant culture based formulas that Bacillus licheniformis uses is:
Peptone 10.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, sodium chloride 5.0g, agar 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0；
3. the slant culture based formulas that bacillus megaterium uses is: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g, peptone 5g, agar 15g, NaCl
5g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0；
4. the slant culture based formulas that bacillus subtilis uses is: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 10g, peptone 10g, NaCl 5g, Fructus Vitis viniferae
Sugar 10g, agar 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0；
5. the slant culture based formulas that aztobacter sp uses is: KH2PO4 0.2g、K2HPO4 0.8g、MgSO4·
7H2O0.2g、CaSO4·2H2O 0.1g、Na2MoO4·2H2O trace, yeast extract 0.5g, mannitol 20g, FeCl3Trace, agar
15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.2；
Described liquid culture based formulas be slant medium be not added with agar prepare.
(5) 3～5 ‰ ratios interpolation step (four) of the fermentation materials gross mass obtained in step (three) deep processing obtain
The special growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable of rhizome vegetable obtain finished product, after material mix homogeneously, through granulator granulation or
Cheng Fen, detect qualified after, packaging warehouse-in.
For technique scheme, in situations where it is preferred, step (one) described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A formula is: beautiful
Rice and flour 0.5g/L, corn stalk powder 15g/L, wheat bran 0.25g/L, soybean cake powder 0.25g/L, Vogel ' s mother solution 4mL/100mL, pH
7.0。
For technique scheme, in situations where it is preferred, step (one) described bacillus subtilis (Bacillus
Subtilis) CICC10088, aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete
Chrysosporium) ACCC30414, trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449 strain fermentating liquid by 2:
The ratio mix homogeneously of 1:1:1.
For technique scheme, in situations where it is preferred, step (two) described fermented organic material is the Semen Maydis pulverized
Straw is mixed by 1.0～2.0:0.4～1.4 mass ratioes with animal wastes, and described animal wastes are usually chicken manure or cattle manure.
For technique scheme, in situations where it is preferred, the formula of step (three) described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B is:
Semen Maydis powder 16g/100mL, Semen Glycines powder 7g/100mL, yeast extract 0.1g/100mL, KH2PO4 1g/100mL、K2HPO4 1g/
100mL、MgSO4·7H2O 0.01g/100mL、NaCl 0.6g/100mL、(NH4)2SO40.01g/100mL, remaining is distillation
Water.
The technical scheme is that the unremitting effort through in recent years, in conjunction with the growth spy in each period of rhizome vegetable
Point and the demand to nutrient, note regulating its contradiction with reproductive growth of nourishing and growing, finally develop a kind of high-efficiency high-quality
Organic composite fertilizer.Its integrated use newest fruits such as microbial technique, chemical fertilizer industry and agricultural technology, are preferentially prepared for
A kind of efficiently rich in organic, N P K nutrient and some organic knot of the material such as trace element, plant growth regulator
Altogether, special process the graininess battalion that the nutrition based on organic matter is reasonable, N P K ratio is suitable has been ultimately formed
The source of supporting.This kind of fertilizer not only has high usage, the advantage of fertilizer efficiency period length, and has improvement soil, improves crops quality,
Strengthen crop anti-adversity, increase yield, reduce and pollute, stimulate the features such as crop growth, time and labour saving, there is good society
Can benefit and economic benefit.
Beneficial effect
The special organic composite fertilizer of rhizome vegetable of the present invention is to select to have specific to have function of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Strain make microbial inoculum, with this microbial inoculum organic solid material fermentation become thoroughly decomposed into the most fertile, then adds by suitable ratio a large amount of the most first
Element (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), moderate-element, trace element and other particular matters, then be equipped with effect and promote that rhizome vegetable is raw accordingly
Fertilizer made by long microbial inoculum and other particular matters.Containing substantial amounts of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae, Richter scale in decomposing agent
Trichoderma spp., whiterot fungi etc., it is possible to produce the multiple biologies such as cellulase, lignoenzyme, hemicellulase, waxiness element enzyme, pectase
All kinds of discarded SOLID ORGANIC material fermentation maturities, by mesophilic bacteria and the synergism of high temperature resistant bacterium, are quickly become fertilizer by enzyme,
Turn waste into wealth, save resource, greatly reduce environmental pollution；Add again all kinds of nutrient and the special growth-promoting of rhizome vegetable
Long composite bacteria agent capable, by there being the beneficial microbe bacillus subtilis of special efficacy, Bacillus licheniformis, huge to rhizome vegetable
Interaction between each strain such as Bacterium anthracoides, colloid bacillus cereus, play stimulation plant growing, alleviate the hardening soil,
Improve ecological environment of soil thus reach volume increase, the purpose of high yield.
Detailed description of the invention
The following non-limiting example of the present invention can make those of ordinary skill in the art that this is more fully understood
Bright, but limit the present invention never in any form.Biomaterial used in embodiment all can be by being either commercially available.
Embodiment one: the preparation of the special organic composite fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
The special organic composite fertilizer product of rhizome vegetable of the present invention refers to utilize microbial technique, apolegamy to have spy
The strain of function of surely becoming thoroughly decomposed makes microbial inoculum, organic solid material fermentation is become thoroughly decomposed into the most fertile with this microbial inoculum, then is equipped with various nutrition
Element and the special bio-feritlizer made by growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable of rhizome vegetable.Its detailed description of the invention is as follows:
(1) preparation of organic matter decomposing inoculant
Use bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088, aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus
Niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) ACCC30414, trichoderma reesei
(Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449 etc. has the strain composite fermentation in appropriate proportion of the effect of efficiently becoming thoroughly decomposed and forms
Decomposing microbial inoculum.
1. actication of culture: described each strain is connected on slant medium；Bacillus subtilis 28～32 DEG C, pH is 7.2
～7.4, incubation time is 1～3 day；Aspergillus oryzae cultivation temperature 25～28 DEG C, pH is 6.0～6.5, and incubation time is 4～7 days；
Whiterot fungi cultivation temperature 25～28 DEG C, incubation time is 4～7 days；
2. first class inoculum is cultivated: be inoculated in respectively by described strain in the 50mL conical flask filling fluid medium, cultivates
Base pH is 6.0～8.0, and conical flask puts into shaking table shaken cultivation, and temperature is 30 DEG C, vibration 24～48h；Use blood counting chamber meter
Number, in bacterium solution, strain quantity respectively reaches 108Individual/mL；
3. second order fermentation: described strain is inoculated in respectively in the 1000mL conical flask filling fluid medium, culture medium
PH6.0～8.0, puts into shaking table vibration, and temperature is 30 DEG C, vibration 48～72h；Strain quantity is made to respectively reach 108Individual/mL with
On, by each strain by the mass percent mixing of described strain；
4. three grade fermemtation: respectively by bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088, aspergillus oryzae
(Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) ACCC30414, Richter scale
After the strain fermentating liquid of Trichoderma spp. (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449 is in the ratio mix homogeneously of 2:1:1:1, it is inoculated in
Filling in the fermentation tank of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium, composite bacteria agent capable medium pH 6.0～8.0, inoculum concentration is 5%, cultivates at 30 DEG C
4～7 days, bacterium number in fermentation liquid is made to reach 108Individual/mL, i.e. obtains organic matter decomposing inoculant.
Described slant culture based formulas is:
1. the slant culture based formulas that bacillus subtilis uses is: plain agar: beef infusion broth 1.0L, peptone 10g,
NaCl5.0g, agar 20.0-20.5g, pH7.2-7.4, the preparation of beef infusion broth: lean beef cleans, chopping, weigh 550g and soak
In 1375mL water, soak a night, filter, filter 0.6kgf/cm after subpackage240min is standby.
2. the slant culture based formulas that aspergillus oryzae uses is: 50Be wort agar, 50Be beerwort 1.0L, agar
15.0g, natural pH.
3. the slant culture based formulas of whiterot fungi is: PDA culture medium, removes the Rhizoma Solani tuber osi 200 grams of skin, is cut into small pieces, adds
1000 milliliters of water boils 30 minutes and filters off potato ball, filtrate complements to 1000 milliliters, adds glucose 20 grams, 15 grams of agar,
Dissolve rear subpackage, 15 pounds of sterilizings 30 minutes.Natural pH.
4. the slant culture based formulas of trichoderma reesei is: with whiterot fungi formula.
Described fluid medium is that slant medium is not added with agar.
Described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium prescription is: Semen Maydis flour 0.5g/L, corn stalk powder 15g/L, wheat bran 0.25g/L, bean
Cake powder 0.25g/L, Vogel ' s mother solution 4mL/100mL, pH value 7.0.
(2) puddle, ferment
The corn straw that preparation 500kg pulverizes and 200kg cattle manure are as the initial organic matter material fermented, by having of preparing
Machine material decomposing agent is blended in appropriate water by the 5 ‰ of fermented organic material gross mass, uniformly puddles with organic materials, raw material hands
Holding agglomerating, webs have water but do not drip, and loose one's grip and i.e. dissipate (total moisture about 60%) preferably.By the fermented product of mixing and stirring
Fermentation installation put into by material, and venting air is filled up in compacting, and fermentation vat top covers layer of plastic film, upper cover sealing and fermenting, in good time
Turn over buttress, keep the skin wet during turning, total moisture is controlled about 60%.Through fermentation in 10 days, i.e. prepare the most fertile.
(3) interpolation of all kinds of nutrients
After material fermentation completes, carry out pulverizing, drying by fertile dosage form requirement, then add all kinds of nutrient, including big
Secondary element (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), moderate-element (calcium, magnesium), trace element (boron, zinc), by fermentation materials Mass Calculation, specifically add
Ratio is as follows:
A. the adding proportion of a great number of elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium): nitrogen 3.0%, phosphorus 2.0%, potassium 6.0%；
B. moderate-element adding proportion: calcium 0.6%, magnesium 0.5%；
C. the adding proportion of trace element: boron 0.03%, zinc 0.02%；
D. the adding proportion of humic acid fertilizer: 5.0%.
(4) preparation of rhizome vegetable special growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable and interpolation
Use bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC 02973, bacillus megaterium (Bacillus
Megaterium) ACCC 10010, aztobacter sp (Azotobacter chroococcum) CGMCC 1.142, colloid
Bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC 1.153, Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus
Licheniformis) ACCC02936 etc. have special efficacy strain fermentating liquid mixing after as mix bacterium agent, through again sending out
Ferment and the complex microbial inoculum prepared.
Described rhizome vegetable complex microbial inoculum preparation process is as follows:
1. inoculation: by described each strain (colloid bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, aztobacter sp, huge spore
Bacillus, bacillus subtilis) it is connected to respectively on slant medium；Colloid bacillus cereus (B. mucilaginocus) cultivation temperature 25～35 DEG C,
PH is 7.5～8.0, and incubation time is 5 days；Bacillus licheniformis cultivation temperature 25～30 DEG C, pH is 7.0～8.0, incubation time
It it is 5 days；Aztobacter sp cultivation temperature 25～35 DEG C, pH is 7.0～7.5, and incubation time is 3～5 days；Huge spore bar
Bacterium is 27～37 DEG C, and pH is 6.5～7.5, and incubation time is 4 days；Bacillus subtilis cultivation temperature 27～37 DEG C, pH is 6.5
～7.5, incubation time is 4 days；
2. first class inoculum is cultivated: the strain described step 1 prepared is inoculated in by the amount of inoculating loop one ring respectively and fills phase
Answering in the 50mL conical flask of fluid medium, medium pH is 6.5～7.5, and conical flask puts into shaking table vibration, and temperature is 30 DEG C,
Vibration 24～48h；Employing blood counting chamber counts, and in bacterium solution, strain quantity respectively reaches 108Individual/mL；
3. second order fermentation: the strain described step 2 prepared is inoculated in the 1000mL filling fluid medium respectively by 5%
In conical flask, medium pH 6.5～7.5, put into shaking table vibration, temperature is 30 DEG C, vibration 48～72h；Make strain quantity respectively
Reach 108Individual/more than mL, thus prepare colloid bacillus cereus (B. mucilaginocus) fermentation liquid, aztobacter sp fermentation liquid, lichens
Fermentation of bacillus liquid, bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid and fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid.
Again ferment after each strain is mixed by mass percentage: colloid bacillus cereus (B. mucilaginocus) fermentation liquid
30%, bacillus megaterium fermentation liquid 30%, aztobacter sp fermentation liquid 20%, the lichen bacillus ferments liquid 10%,
Fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 10%.
4. three grade fermemtation: the mixed bacterium solution described step 3 prepared is inoculated in and fills sending out of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium
In ferment tank, composite bacteria agent capable medium pH 6.5～7.5, inoculum concentration is the 5% of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium gross mass, cultivates at 30 DEG C
4～7 days, bacterium number in fermentation liquid is made to reach 6～10 × 108Individual/mL, i.e. obtains rhizome vegetable special microorganism composite bacterial agent,
PH is 5.0, and bacterium number content all reaches 109Individual/mL.
Described slant culture based formulas is:
1. the slant culture based formulas that colloid bacillus cereus uses is: KH2PO4 0.06g、MgSO4·7H2O 0.05g、
CaSO4·5H2O 0.004g, peptone 5g, Semen Maydis pulp (50% dry weight) 2.5g, lactose 15g, NaCl 4g, distillation
Water 1000mL, agar 25g, pH 7.1；
2. the slant culture based formulas that Bacillus licheniformis uses is: peptone 10.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, chlorination
Sodium 5.0g, agar 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0；
3. the slant culture based formulas that bacillus megaterium uses is: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 3g, peptone 5g, agar 15g, NaCl
5g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0；
4. the slant culture based formulas that bacillus subtilis uses is: Carnis Bovis seu Bubali cream 10g, peptone 10g, NaCl 5g, Fructus Vitis viniferae
Sugar 10g, agar 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0；
5. the slant culture based formulas that aztobacter sp uses is: KH2PO4 0.2g、K2HPO4 0.8g、MgSO4·
7H2O0.2g、CaSO4·2H2O 0.1g、Na2MoO4·2H2O trace, yeast extract 0.5g, mannitol 20g, FeCl3Trace, agar
15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.2；
Described liquid culture based formulas be slant medium be not added with agar prepare.
Described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium prescription is: Semen Maydis powder 2～20g/100mL, Semen Glycines powder 1～10g/100mL, yeast extract
0.05～0.2g/100mL, KH2PO40.2～2g/100mL, K2HPO40.5～2g/100mL, MgSO4·7H2O 0.001～
0.02g/100mL, NaCl 0.5～0.8g/100mL, (NH4)2SO40.001～0.01g/100mL, remaining is distilled water.
Add, in 4 ‰ ratios of fermentation materials gross mass, the growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable that rhizome vegetable is special, again mix
Uniformly.
(5) pelletize or one-tenth powder, detect, pack, put in storage
After material mix homogeneously, through granulator granulation or become powder, detect qualified after, packaging warehouse-in.
Embodiment two: rhizome vegetable special organic composite fertilizer application effect test on Bulbus Allii Cepae
1. material and method
1.1 material to be tested
Bulbus Allii Cepae kind: red good fortune Bulbus Allii Cepae
For examination fertilizer: the three special organic composite fertilizers of section's rhizome vegetable, this fertilizer is had by Dalian three section biological engineering
The independent research of limit company and production, 25kg/ bag, graininess.
1.2 experimental plot situations
Experimental plot soil is loam, and the content of organic matter is 2.9%, pH value 6.5, and physical features is smooth, middle fertility.
1.3 test method
Test is set to two groups, uses random alignment, and each process repeats for three times respectively, each experimental plot area 667
Square metre.
Two groups of described process:
1. matched group, conventional fertilizer application；2. test group, makes in strict accordance with rhizome vegetable special organic composite fertilizer product
Use with explanation.
Measure plant height harvest time Bulbus Allii Cepae, add up onion yield, and measure Vc, soluble sugar content.VC measures and uses molybdenum
Blue colorimetry, soluble sugar content uses Fehling-iodimetric titration.
2. result and analysis
Table 1. uses the special organic composite fertilizer of rhizome vegetable for onion yield and the impact of quality
| Process | Plant height (cm) | Yield (kg)/mu | Rate of growth (%) | Vc(mg/g) | Soluble sugar (mg/g) |
| Test group | 78.6 | 7594 | 16.4 | 1.365 | 46.56 |
| Matched group | 78.4 | 6523 | -- | 1.123 | 41.65 |
As can be seen from Table 1, use rhizome vegetable special organic composite fertilizer and plant height is had a certain impact, but with
Matched group difference is little.From per mu yield data it can be seen that, use organic composite fertilizer and be remarkably improved onion yield, test group
Per mu yield increases 1071kg than matched group, and rate of growth is 16.4%.Additionally, table 1 can be seen that and uses that rhizome vegetable is special to be had
Machine composite biological fertilizer is remarkably improved Vc and soluble sugar content, is respectively increased 21.5% and 11.8%.The quality of Bulbus Allii Cepae quality
Mainly with Vc, soluble sugar content how much as index, they content are high, then illustrate that the quality of Bulbus Allii Cepae is more preferable.
3. conclusion
By the test of Bulbus Allii Cepae is found, use the special organic composite fertilizer of rhizome vegetable and can significantly improve Bulbus Allii Cepae
Yield and quality, rate of growth, up to 16.4%, significantly improves economic benefit.Therefore, the special organic composite of rhizome vegetable
Bio-fertilizer can expand demonstration area in rhizome vegetable produces plantation, and carries out spread use.
Claims (6)
1. the organic composite fertilizer that a rhizome vegetable is special, it is characterised in that the preparation of described organic composite fertilizer
Method includes:
(1) preparation of organic matter decomposing inoculant
Strain quantity is respectively reached 108Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088 of individual/more than mL,
Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium)
ACCC30414, the strain fermentating liquid of trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449 by 1.5～2.0:0.8～
After the ratio mix homogeneously of 1.3:0.8～1.3:0.8～1.3, it is inoculated in the fermentation tank filling composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A, connects
The amount of kind is the 5% of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A cumulative volume, cultivates 4～7 days, make total bacteria count in fermentation liquid reach 10 at 30 DEG C8Individual/
ML, i.e. obtains organic matter decomposing inoculant；
Described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A formula is: Semen Maydis flour 0.5～1.5g/L, corn stalk powder 15～17g/L, wheat bran 0.2～
0.4g/L, soybean cake powder 0.2～0.4g/L, Vogel ' s mother solution 4mL/100mL, pH value 6.0～8.0；
(2) puddle, ferment
Organic matter decomposing inoculant step () prepared is in 5 ‰ ratio mixing of fermented organic material gross mass, then is blended into
Appropriate water, makes total moisture control about 60%, at fermentation vat through fermentation in 5-10 days, i.e. prepares the most fertile；
(3) deep processing
Carry out first fertilizer pulverizing, drying, by the most fertile mass percent, the specifically following nutrient of interpolation:
Nitrogen 3.0-5.0%, phosphorus 0.5-2.5%, potassium 4.0-6.0%；Calcium 0.5～1.5%, magnesium 0.5～1.5%；Boron 0.01～
0.05%, zinc 0.01～0.05%；Humic acid fertilizer 5.0～10.0%；
(4) preparation of rhizome vegetable special growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable
Strain quantity is respectively reached 108Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ACCC 02973 of individual/more than mL,
Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) ACCC 10010, aztobacter sp (Azotobacter
Chroococcum) CGMCC 1.142, colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) CGMCC 1.153, lichens
The strain fermentating liquid of bacillus cereus (Bacillus licheniformis) ACCC02936, by (10～20%): (20～
30%): (10～20%): (20～30%): as mix bacterium agent after the ratio mix homogeneously of (10～20%), be inoculated in and fill
In the fermentation tank of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B, inoculum concentration is the 5% of composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B cumulative volume, composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B
PH 6.5～7.5, at 30 DEG C cultivate 4～7 days, make total bacteria count in fermentation liquid reach 6～10 × 108Individual/mL, i.e. obtains rhizome
Class vegetable special microorganism composite bacterial agent, pH is 6.8, and total living bacteria count is 9 × 108Individual/mL；
The formula of described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B is: Semen Maydis powder 15～18g/100mL, Semen Glycines powder 5～8g/100mL, yeast extract
0.1～0.2g/100mL, KH2PO40.2～2g/100mL, K2HPO40.5～2g/100mL, MgSO4·7H2O 0.001～
0.02g/100mL, NaCl 0.5～0.8g/100mL, (NH4)2SO40.001～0.01g/100mL, remaining is distilled water；
(5) 3～5 ‰ ratios interpolation step (four) of the fermented organic material gross mass obtained in step (three) deep processing obtain
The special growth promotion composite bacteria agent capable of rhizome vegetable obtain finished product.
The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that rhizome vegetable the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that
Step (one) described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium A formula is: Semen Maydis flour 0.5g/L, corn stalk powder 15g/L, wheat bran 0.25g/L, bean
Cake powder 0.25g/L, Vogel ' s mother solution 4mL/100mL, pH 7.0.
The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that rhizome vegetable the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that
Step (one) described bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10088, aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus
Niger) CICC2436, whiterot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) ACCC30414, trichoderma reesei
The strain fermentating liquid of (Trichoderma reesei) ACCC30449 is in the ratio mix homogeneously of 2:1:1:1.
The preparation method of the organic composite fertilizer that rhizome vegetable the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that
Step (two) described fermented organic material is that the corn straw pulverized is mixed by 1.0～2.0:0.4～1.4 mass ratioes with animal wastes
Close.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer that rhizome vegetable the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that step
(3) described nutrient is nitrogen 3.0%, phosphorus 2.0%, potassium 6.0%；Calcium 0.6%, magnesium 0.5%；Boron 0.03%, zinc 0.02%；
Humic acid fertilizer 5.0%, humic acid fertilizer is ammonium humate or potassium humate.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer that rhizome vegetable the most according to claim 1 is special, it is characterised in that step
(3) formula of described composite bacteria agent capable culture medium B is: Semen Maydis powder 16g/100mL, Semen Glycines powder 7g/100mL, yeast extract 0.1g/
100mL、KH2PO4 1g/100mL、K2HPO4 1g/100mL、MgSO4·7H2O 0.01g/100mL、NaCl 0.6g/100mL、
(NH4)2SO40.01g/100mL, remaining is distilled water.
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| CN106543023A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 湖北宇隆茶业有限责任公司 | The processing method of the extracting method and tealeaf residue of tea polyphenols and theanine in tea old leaf |
| CN108409480A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-17 | 湖北田头生物科技有限公司 | A kind of rhizome vegetable bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
| CN109020668A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-18 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of efficient Chinese yam plantation fertilizer |
| CN110357742A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-22 | 黑龙江省笑盟农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof promoting corn uniform growth |
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| CN104692866A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 大连三科生物工程有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer |
| CN104862247A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-26 | 山西师范大学 | Liquid medium of composite microbial agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102199049A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-09-28 | 沈阳科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Microbial organic manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN104692866A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 大连三科生物工程有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106543023A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 湖北宇隆茶业有限责任公司 | The processing method of the extracting method and tealeaf residue of tea polyphenols and theanine in tea old leaf |
| CN108409480A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-17 | 湖北田头生物科技有限公司 | A kind of rhizome vegetable bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
| CN109020668A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-18 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of efficient Chinese yam plantation fertilizer |
| CN110357742A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-22 | 黑龙江省笑盟农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof promoting corn uniform growth |
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