CN105993782B - The high yield and quality cultivation method of anti-blight banana kind - Google Patents
The high yield and quality cultivation method of anti-blight banana kind Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993782B CN105993782B CN201610378720.0A CN201610378720A CN105993782B CN 105993782 B CN105993782 B CN 105993782B CN 201610378720 A CN201610378720 A CN 201610378720A CN 105993782 B CN105993782 B CN 105993782B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention discloses the high yield and quality cultivation methods of anti-blight banana kind.The method of the present invention is colonized anti-blight banana kind tissue-cultured seedling using low level；When the low level refers to site preparation or plantation, kind plant hole ground is lower than furrow face, forms a step, differential paddy field any of several broadleaf plants garden is 8~15cm, 14~22cm of mountainous region any of several broadleaf plants garden；When banana plant bulb starts to appear, ridging keeps stem and promotees root growth.Early spring planting uses lower planting density that can make plant, and as a result, preventing plant, result is cooled in winter earlier；And yield per unit area can be improved with higher planting density in summer, autumn field planting, while not influencing fruit quality；Fruit ear adds " green red " problem that can prevent fruit from pointing out existing physiological using nutritional agents using paper bag.The present invention be directed to the customized high yield and quality cultivation method of anti-blight banana kind, which can make its with high yield, good quality and high beneficial results, have important production meaning.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to banana cultivation fields, and in particular to a kind of high yield and quality cultivation side of anti-blight banana kind
Method.
Background technique
Research of fusarium wilt disesase of banana has been the most threatening disease in the whole world, the discovery of ten thousand town Qing Sha of Guangzhou, Guangdong in 1996
The destructive disease occurs in various degree for No. 4 microspecies wilt diseases, existing the whole province or even national banana producing region, and many Jiao Yuan are no longer cultivated
Banana.Nearly ten years, by introducing ' the treasured island any of several broadleaf plants ' cultivated Taiwan, ' new north any of several broadleaf plants ' anti-blight kind, or herein
On the basis of improve the disease-resistant variety such as ' No. 1 banana of agriculture section ', ' resisting withered No. 1 banana ', ' Nan Tian's Huang banana ', ' No. 1 perfume (or spice) of Guangdong section of cultivation
Any of several broadleaf plants ' etc., there is certain application in production.But they are compared with such as Brazilian any of several broadleaf plants of the susceptible variety of main cultivation, and there is very much
Plant difficult point: such as growth cycle long (more than 6~8 blades of pumping more than main breed ' Brazilian any of several broadleaf plants '), " appearing ", cold resistance
Slightly worse, fruit points out ready-made ripe non-uniform " green red " (also referred to as " jump " or " two sections of colorings ") phenomenon etc., influence appearance to
Influence production economy benefit；In addition in soil germ and root nematode presence, increase the disease incidence of disease-resistant variety.But temporarily at present
When do not have for anti-blight banana kind carry out cultural method profession research, banana peasant is still with passing experience and plantation side
Method goes processing anti-blight banana kind.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high yield and quality cultivation methods of anti-blight banana kind.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The cultural method of anti-blight banana kind, including the following steps:
1) low level is colonized anti-blight banana kind tissue-cultured seedling；When the low level refers to site preparation or plantation, plant hole ground is planted
It is lower than furrow face, a step is formed, differential paddy field any of several broadleaf plants garden is 8~15cm, 14~22cm of mountainous region any of several broadleaf plants garden；Wherein banana planting place
For subtropical zone；Banana planting density is 120~155 plants/acre；Perennial root any of several broadleaf plants stays bud that bud is stayed to be unearthed when taking out flower bud；
2) fertilising in due course and watering；Spray kills root nematode liquid medicine and/or kills wilt medicine in banana field planting 3 months
Water；
3) when banana plant bulb starts to appear, ridging keeps stem and promotees root growth；
4) appropriate plant growth regulator is sprayed to fruit ear when cutting off male flower cluster；Bagging is carried out to fruit ear to protect fruit；
5) banana is harvested.
It preferably, need to be to the sick non-banana crops of garden crop rotation if the garden in banana planting place infected banana blight
Or lie fallow at least a year, the field planting of step 1) is then carried out again.
Preferably, if the planting site of banana is the subtropical zone other than south subtropics, it is colonized anti-blight perfume
The time of any of several broadleaf plants kind tissue-cultured seedling is 3~April, 6~July or 10~November, and banana plant is avoided to take out in late November~early Febuary
Flower bud；The density of field planting in 3~April is 120~135 plants per acre；The density of 6~July or field planting in 10~November is per acre 140~155
Strain.
Preferably, the density of field planting in 3~April is 130~135 plants per acre；6~July or 10~November field planting density be
146~150 plants per acre.
Preferably, the banana planting density distance between rows and hills of field planting in 3~April is for 130~133 plants per acre with 2.8 meters × 1.8 meters
Preferably；The banana planting density distance between rows and hills of 6~July or field planting in 10~November is advisable for 147~150 plants per acre with 2.8 meters × 1.6 meters.
Preferably, in step 1), subtropical zone other than south subtropics, with the tissue-cultured seedling of 9~12 leaf ages in March
Early and middle ten days field planting, control are taken out flower bud in October to mid-November, were harvested before mid-May；Or with the tissue-cultured seedling of 7~9 leaf ages May
Field planting in the first tenday period of a month to June, control take out flower bud in mid-February in next year to late April, harvest for 6~July；Or the group with 7~9 leaf ages
Training Miao Yu mid or late October is colonized, and takes out flower bud in 6~July of next year, harvests for 9~November.
Preferably, if the planting site of banana is South Subtropical Area of China, it is colonized anti-blight banana kind tissue-cultured seedling
Time be 3~April or 6~July；Banana plant is avoided to take out flower bud in early December to early Febuary, to avoid cold snap not
Benefit influences；The density of field planting in 3~April is 130~150 plants per acre；The density of field planting in 6~July is 155~170 plants per acre.
Preferably, when low level is colonized in step 1), paddy field Jiao Yuan is planted using duplicate rows, plant go or plant hole it is lower than furrow face 8~
12cm transfers soil in furrow to, is formed and plants capable or plant hole than furrow face low level.
Preferably, paddy field Jiao Yuan is planted using duplicate rows in step 1), and 80~100cm of furrow ditch is deep, the wide 50cm in furrow ditch face, bottom of trench
Wide 40~45cm, the wide 5.1m of furrow face；Plant hole is the concave surface of 80cm wide and 80cm long, and plant hole is 8~12cm lower than furrow face, puts in plant hole
Enter appropriate fertilizer.
Preferably, mountainous region Jiao Yuan uses trench planting in step 1), and planting ditch ground is lower than 15~20cm of furrow face, can prevent " dew
The generation of head " phenomenon, and play the role of certain water conservation, fertilizer conservation and soil conservation.Appropriate fertilizer is put into planting ditch.
Preferably, step 2 is conventionally applied fertilizer, and increases potassium in the period of Banana Growth mid-term to young fruit period
Fertilizer.Potash fertilizer includes potassium chloride or potassium sulfate.Potassium content is scaled K in the potash fertilizer wherein increased2O, dosage are same period dose
In 1.5~2.5 times of total N.
Preferably, according to different habitant appropriate adjustment dose, the organic fertilizers such as appropriate peanut press pulp can be also applied, and
Ca and mg fertilizer etc..In addition, installation low pressure equipment of sprinkler irrigation, keeps garden soil wetting.Carry out other insect pest preventing and controlling.
Preferably, it in step 2, kills root nematode liquid medicine and is selected from avermectin and/or phoxim；Kill the choosing of wilt liquid medicine
From the fresh amine of leaching rice and/or carbendazim.
Preferably, in step 2,1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate dilutes 1000 times of applications, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate dilution 1000
It applies again, 40% prochloraz aqueous emulsion dilutes 1000 times of applications, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, which dilutes 1500 times, to be applied.
Preferably, in step 4), plant growth regulator is selected from Idall receipts and/or Nong Baozan organic fertilizer liquid.
Preferably, 1.8% Idall receives 3000 times of applications of dilution, and Nong Baozan organic fertilizer liquid dilutes 1500 times of applications.
Preferably, 5% triumphant profit EC(can also be sprayed and dilute 1000 times of applications) with diseases prevention and 0.3% zinc sulfate solution.
Preferably, in step 4), the fruit ear for taking out flower bud October to January covers lighttight kraft paper bag and adds Blue plastic film
Bag, the fruit ear that other seasons take out flower bud cover white wax waterproof paper bag, prevent fruit comb " green red " phenomenon, improve yield and quality.
Preferably；Step 5) banana harvest is advisable with two batches, after crop rotation other crop at least a years again, then plant again
Disease-resistant banana variety.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention be directed to the customized high yield and quality cultivation method of anti-blight banana kind, which can make
Its is with high yield, good quality and high beneficial results, has important production meaning.
The present invention is colonized using low level, and later period ridging prevents plant from appearing, keeps the growing way of plant, preventing from appearing makes plant
It grows slack-off；Early spring planting is that as a result, preventing plant, result is cooled in winter earlier in order to make plant using lower planting density；
And yield per unit area can be improved with higher planting density in summer and autumn field planting, while not influencing fruit quality；Fruit ear uses
It is that fruit is made to refer to healthy growth that paper bag, which adds using nutritional agents, is not in " green red " problem of physiological, these measures are directed to
Anti-blight banana kind there are the problem of and the cultural method invented.
The grave illness Jiao Yuan of other crops at least a year is crossed in crop rotation, and using cultural method of the invention, it is fragrant to plant anti-blight
Any of several broadleaf plants kind disease incidence controls below 5%；And not through crop rotation 1 year or so heavy wilt disease Jiao Yuan, disease-resistant banana variety is planted at once,
The disease incidence of its wilt disease is up to 35% or more.
Using the cultural method of low level field planting of the invention, the middle and late growth stage ridging, plant influenced by windburn lodging it is small,
Fruit growth period is short, and yield is high, and fruit quality is good.
In the disease-resistant banana variety for taking out flower bud by the end of January to next year by the end of November, vulnerable to damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, low fruit yields, fruit colour cast is dark green,
Difficulty is accelerated the ripening, poor quality.And the method for the present invention regulates and controls anti-blight by resident time appropriate and reasonable planting density
Banana variety avoids taking out flower bud in late November to early Febuary, has well solved this problem.
Anti- withered banana variety is generally after field planting in 3 months, and about 1 meter of plant hereinafter, compared with easy infection wilt disease；And root line
Worm can destroy the structure of root, and wilt is made easily to enter root system and infect.Therefore the method for the present invention is in anti-withered banana variety
Spray kills root nematode liquid medicine and kills wilt liquid medicine in due course in 1~2 month after field planting.Preferably, avermectin+phoxim comes
Kill root nematode；The leaching fresh amine of rice and Bavistin are to prevent and treat to wither when the smaller disease resistance of plant is poor or when treating initial infection
Disease greatly reduces the disease incidence of wilt disease.
The method of the present invention, fruit ear (October to January takes out flower bud) the bagging brown paper for taking out flower bud in winter add blue plastics thin
Film bag, other seasons white paper bag, reduces the green intensity of fruit, reduces " green red " phenomenon of fruit comb, fruit is made to comb fruit
Refer to that uniformity is mature, banana peasant is enabled to obtain preferable economic well-being of workers and staff.Because if fruit comb fruit is pointed out now uneven mature
" green red ", buyer agent does not often purchase product, or the purchase that brings down prices.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Cluster bagging situation for taking out flower bud October to January；
Fig. 2 is the Cluster bagging situation for taking out flower bud in other seasons.
Specific embodiment
Professional term is explained:
" appearing " refers to that banana bulb bassets, and root system and suction bud are exposed, influences growing way and wind resistance power.
Fruit comb " green red ", " jump " " two sections of colorings " refer to: the fruit in fruit comb is mature when referring to different, and part fruit refers to slow 2-3
It is ripe that it turns Huang Cheng, influences appearance.
The cultural method of anti-blight banana kind, including the following steps:
1) low level is colonized anti-blight banana kind tissue-cultured seedling；When the low level refers to site preparation or plantation, plant hole ground is planted
It is lower than furrow face, a step is formed, differential paddy field any of several broadleaf plants garden is 8~15cm, 14~22cm of mountainous region any of several broadleaf plants garden；Wherein banana planting place
For subtropical zone；Banana planting density is 120~155 plants/acre；Perennial root any of several broadleaf plants stays bud that bud is stayed to be unearthed when taking out flower bud；
2) fertilising in due course and watering；Spray kills root nematode liquid medicine and/or kills wilt medicine in banana field planting 3 months
Water；
3) when banana plant bulb starts to appear, ridging keeps stem and promotees root growth；
4) appropriate plant growth regulator is sprayed to fruit ear when cutting off male flower cluster；Bagging is carried out to fruit ear to protect fruit；
5) banana is harvested.
It preferably, need to be to the sick non-banana crops of garden crop rotation if the garden in banana planting place infected banana blight
Or lie fallow at least a year, the field planting of step 1) is then carried out again.
Preferably, if the planting site of banana is the subtropical zone other than south subtropics, it is colonized anti-blight perfume
The time of any of several broadleaf plants kind tissue-cultured seedling is 3~April, 6~July or 10~November, and banana plant is avoided to take out in late November~early Febuary
Flower bud；The density of field planting in 3~April is 120~135 plants per acre；The density of 6~July or field planting in 10~November is per acre 140~155
Strain.
Preferably, the density of field planting in 3~April is 130~135 plants per acre；6~July or 10~November field planting density be
146~150 plants per acre.
Preferably, the banana planting density distance between rows and hills of field planting in 3~April is for 130~133 plants per acre with 2.8 meters × 1.8 meters
Preferably；The banana planting density distance between rows and hills of 6~July or field planting in 10~November is advisable for 147~150 plants per acre with 2.8 meters × 1.6 meters.
Preferably, in step 1), subtropical zone other than south subtropics, with the tissue-cultured seedling of 9~12 leaf ages in March
Early and middle ten days field planting, control are taken out flower bud in October to mid-November, were harvested before mid-May；Or with the tissue-cultured seedling of 7~9 leaf ages May
Field planting in the first tenday period of a month to June, control take out flower bud in mid-February in next year to late April, harvest for 6~July；Or the group with 7~9 leaf ages
Training Miao Yu mid or late October is colonized, and takes out flower bud in 6~July of next year, harvests for 9~November.
Preferably, if the planting site of banana is South Subtropical Area of China, it is colonized anti-blight banana kind tissue-cultured seedling
Time be 3~April or 6~July；Banana plant is avoided to take out flower bud in early December to early Febuary, to avoid cold snap not
Benefit influences；The density of field planting in 3~April is 130~150 plants per acre；The density of field planting in 6~July is 155~170 plants per acre.
Preferably, when low level is colonized in step 1), paddy field Jiao Yuan is planted using duplicate rows, plant go or plant hole it is lower than furrow face 8~
12cm transfers soil in furrow to, is formed and plants capable or plant hole than furrow face low level.
Preferably, paddy field Jiao Yuan is planted using duplicate rows in step 1), and 80~100cm of furrow ditch is deep, the wide 50cm in furrow ditch face, bottom of trench
Wide 40~45cm, the wide 5.1m of furrow face；Plant hole is the concave surface of 80cm wide and 80cm long, and plant hole is 8~12cm lower than furrow face, puts in plant hole
Enter appropriate fertilizer.
Preferably, mountainous region Jiao Yuan uses trench planting in step 1), and planting ditch ground is lower than 15~20cm of furrow face, can prevent " dew
The generation of head " phenomenon, and play the role of certain water conservation, fertilizer conservation and soil conservation.Appropriate fertilizer is put into planting ditch.
Preferably, step 2 is conventionally applied fertilizer, and increases potassium in the period of Banana Growth mid-term to young fruit period
Fertilizer.Potash fertilizer includes potassium chloride or potassium sulfate.Potassium content is scaled K in the potash fertilizer wherein increased2O, dosage are same period dose
In 1.5~2.5 times of total N.
Preferably, according to different habitant appropriate adjustment dose, the organic fertilizers such as appropriate peanut press pulp can be also applied, and
Ca and mg fertilizer etc..In addition, installation low pressure equipment of sprinkler irrigation, keeps garden soil wetting.Carry out other insect pest preventing and controlling.
Preferably, it in step 2, kills root nematode liquid medicine and is selected from avermectin and/or phoxim；Kill the choosing of wilt liquid medicine
From the fresh amine of leaching rice and/or carbendazim.
Preferably, in step 2,1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate dilutes 1000 times of applications, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate dilution 1000
It applies again, 40% prochloraz aqueous emulsion dilutes 1000 times of applications, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, which dilutes 1500 times, to be applied.
Preferably, in step 4), plant growth regulator is selected from Idall receipts and/or Nong Baozan organic fertilizer liquid.
Preferably, 1.8% Idall receives 3000 times of applications of dilution, and Nong Baozan organic fertilizer liquid dilutes 1500 times of applications.
Preferably, 5% triumphant profit EC(can also be sprayed and dilute 1000 times of applications) with diseases prevention and 0.3% zinc sulfate solution.
Preferably, in step 4), the fruit ear for taking out flower bud October to January covers lighttight kraft paper bag and adds Blue plastic film
Bag (see figure 1), the fruit ear that other seasons take out flower bud cover white wax waterproof paper bag (see figure 2), prevent fruit comb " green red " phenomenon, improve
Yield and quality.
Preferably；Step 5) banana harvest is advisable with two batches, after crop rotation other crop at least a years again, then plant again
Disease-resistant banana variety.
The present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below, and however, it is not limited to this.
The cultural method of 1 anti-blight banana kind of embodiment
Spring in 2013 plants 40 mu of the banana of agriculture section 1 in the Guangzhou Nansha District town the Dong Yong village great Wen, preceding to be used as sugarcane (fruit
Sugarcane), sugarcane is before Brazilian Banana severe disease garden.
Specific cultural method, including the following steps:
Paddy field Jiao Yuan is planted using duplicate rows, and 80~100cm of furrow ditch is deep, the wide 50cm in furrow ditch face, ditch 40~45cm of bottom width, furrow face
Wide 5.1m；Plant hole is put into certain appropriate decomposed manure or compound fertilizer, Norway.Plant hole is the concave surface of 80cm wide and 80cm long, plant hole
It is 8~12cm lower than furrow face.Extra soil transfers in furrow (such that furrow face is some higher) in plant hole, these extra mud
Soil is preparation soil of the later period as plant bulb ridging.
The tissue culture temporary planting cup seedling field planting of 10 leaf ages of spring planting on March 5, planting density distance between rows and hills with 2.8 meters × 1.8 meters,
132 plants per acre, low pressure spray irrigation system is housed, using good fertilizer and water management condition；1 month after field planting, respectively drenches within 2 months and once kill
Root nematode medicine and wilt is killed, killing root nematode liquid medicine is that 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate dilutes 1000 times of liquid together with 50% phoxim
Missible oil dilutes 1000 times of liquid, and killing wilt liquid medicine is that 40% prochloraz aqueous emulsion, 1000 times of liquid of dilution are wettable together with 50% carbendazim
Property 1500 times of liquid of Dilution for powder.Fertilising is based on compound fertilizer, including 2.0kg/ plants of compound fertilizer, Norway, and 0.5kg/ plants of peanut press pulp, sulphur
Sour magnesium 10kg/ mus.In addition to above-mentioned fertilizer, also need to increase potash fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer in the period of Banana Growth mid-term to young fruit period,
0.6kg/ plants of potassium chloride, add 0.10kg/ plants of urea；Magnesium sulfate is applied in growth medium, and 0.5kg/ plants of peanut press pulp are used container bubble
It is applied in two times after decomposed in growth medium to young fruit period.
Mid-August, when banana plant bulb starts to appear, native to any of several broadleaf plants head 4~5cm of ridging, early October in furrow
Again to any of several broadleaf plants head ridging 5cm, any of several broadleaf plants head soil height is substantially close to furrow face after ridging.Mid-October current year takes out flower bud, and when cutting off male flower cluster sprays plant
1.8% Idall of growth regulator receives 3000 times of liquid of dilution and Nong Baozan organic fertilizer liquid dilutes 1500 times of liquid, in addition, also sprinkling plus 5%
Triumphant profit EC dilutes 1000 times of liquid with diseases prevention and 0.3% zinc sulfate solution.Fruit ear covers lighttight kraft paper bag and adds blue plastics thin
Film bag (see figure 1).
In March, 2014 starts to harvest, and most of by the end of April to have harvested, wilt disease disease incidence 1.5%, strain produces average about 26,000
Gram, purchasing price is close to Brazilian any of several broadleaf plants, and 4.2 yuan/kilogram of price, 3380 kilograms of per mu yield, 14196 yuan/mu of the output value achieves preferable
Economic benefit.
The cultural method of 2 anti-blight banana kind of embodiment
Cultivate place: the high governor slope mountainous region Yun Xiao in Maoming City banana planting garden planting time in May, 2013.
The garden in this banana planting place once infected banana blight, rear plantation papaya 1 year.
Using trench planting, planting ditch ground is lower than 15~20cm of furrow face, can prevent the generation of " appearing " phenomenon, and plays certain
Water conservation, fertilizer conservation and soil conservation effect.Extra soil transfers in furrow (such that furrow face is some higher) in planting ditch, these
Extra soil is preparation soil of the later period as plant bulb ridging.Differential be 15~20cm is most preferred, if planted
Ditch is too shallow, can not play the role of water conservation；Planting ditch is too deep, and will cause soil accumulated water.Plant hole be put into appropriate decomposed manure or
Appropriate compound fertilizer.
May 15, the temporary planting cup seedling of 7~9 leaf ages was colonized, and distance between rows and hills is 2.8 meters × 1.6 meters, per acre 148 plants.Field planting
It respectively drenches within 1 month afterwards, 2 months and once kills root nematode medicine and kill wilt, killing root nematode liquid medicine is that 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate is dilute
It releases 1000 times of liquid and dilutes 1000 times of liquid together with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, kill wilt liquid medicine as the dilution of 40% prochloraz aqueous emulsion
1000 times of liquid dilute 1500 times of liquid together with 50% carbendazol wettable powder.Fertilising is based on compound fertilizer, including compound fertilizer, Norway
2.0kg/ plants, 0.5kg/ plants of peanut press pulp, 10kg/ mus of magnesium sulfate.In addition to above-mentioned fertilizer, Banana Growth mid-term to young fruit period when
Between also need to increase potash fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer in section, 0.6kg/ plants of potassium chloride, add 0.10kg/ plants of urea；Magnesium sulfate is applied in growth medium,
0.5kg/ plants of peanut press pulp with container bubble it is decomposed after apply in two times in growth medium to young fruit period.
November current year, by the mud earth culture in the middle part of furrow face to any of several broadleaf plants head, prevents " dew when banana plant bulb starts to appear
Head " protects bulb, improves the wind resistance power of plant.In mid-February, 2014 takes out flower bud, and fruit-vegetable plant growth regulator is sprayed when cutting off male flower cluster
1.8% Idall receives 3000 times of liquid of dilution and dilutes 1500 times of liquid together with No. 11 organic fertilizer liquids of Nong Baozan, adds 5% triumphant profit EC dilution 1000
Times liquid diseases prevention and 0.3% zinc sulfate solution.Fruit ear covers white wax waterproof paper bag (see figure 2), prevents fruit comb " green red " phenomenon, improves
Yield and quality.
In June, 2014 starts to harvest, most of by the end of July to have harvested, and wilt disease disease incidence 2%, strain produces averagely about 28 kilograms,
Purchasing price is close to Brazilian any of several broadleaf plants, and 3.6 yuan/kilogram of price, 4000 kilograms of per mu yield, 14400 yuan/mu of the output value achieves preferable warp
Ji benefit.
Comparative example 1
In April, 2008, Zhong Shantanzhou Wu state's human relations plantation resist withered 30 mu of No. 1 banana, and mu plants 132 plants, and plant hole is not recessed, flat furrow
Face takes out flower bud to December by the end of November, stays 7 combs/strain；Plant is appeared 12~15cm, and the bulb appeared does not have long root system, fruit ear after cutting off male flower cluster
Blue membrane bag is covered, fruit growth is slow, and in mid or late May, 2009 just harvests, and strain produces averagely 18 kilograms, and fruit colour is dark green
Color, oil, there are many rust spot, selling prices lower than Brazilian any of several broadleaf plants 40% in fruit face.
Due to planting directly ridging using flat, plant is appeared seriously when the Banana Growth middle and later periods, is even trained again at this time
Soil, because it plants plane height, it is difficult to find enough soil in the furrow face for covered with root system for ridging；If from elsewhere
It calls in soil and accompanies soil, the head soil pit of training is higher by furrow face significantly, is also unable to reach the effect that preferable water conservation promoting root growth protects root.
In comparative example 1 due to after appearing bulb do not have long root system, can only by underground part root system absorb nutritional ingredient, institute
To cause fruit growth slow.
Comparative example 2
In by the end of March, 2012, and splash No. 1 50 mu of agriculture section of Zhong Lixuan banana peasant plantation for the Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Zhang Ma Yong, plants 130 per acre
Strain, flat furrow face field planting, seedling age 8~10 old strong sprouts are applied fertilizer more, plant is appeared seriously, and plant is 11 without irrigating facility
The end of month takes out flower bud as a result, cutting off male flower cluster rear enclosure produce the blue membrane bag applied at present, and fruit 5~June in 2013 harvests, fruit refer to color compared with
It is dark green, there is rust spot, color khaki after accelerating the ripening, part fruit combs out existing fruit and refers to " green red " phenomenon ripe late, receives any of several broadleaf plants quotient procurement price
Lattice are low, 5 one-tenth valences lower than Brazilian any of several broadleaf plants, and strain produces average 16.5kg, 2.5 yuan/kg of price.
Because plant is taking out flower bud as a result, temperature is lower at this time by the end of November, the commercially available dedicated light blue banana film of peasant
(each 0.4 yuan or so) progress protected by bagging of bag.Due to this bag film thickness low LCL, shaded effect is also poor, can not form perfume (or spice)
The warm and humid equal ecologic niches of light needed for any of several broadleaf plants fruit development, gained fruit refers to second-rate.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the cultural method of anti-blight banana kind, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1) low level is colonized anti-blight banana kind tissue-cultured seedling；When the low level refers to site preparation or plantation, furrow are compared on kind plant hole ground
Face is low, forms a step, and paddy field Jiao Yuan is planted using duplicate rows, plants row or plant hole is 8~12cm lower than furrow face, transfer soil to furrow
In, it is formed and plants capable or plant hole than furrow face low level, mountainous region Jiao Yuan uses trench planting, and planting ditch ground is lower than 15~20cm of furrow face；It is wherein fragrant
Any of several broadleaf plants planting site is subtropical zone；Banana planting density is 120~170 plants/acre；Perennial root any of several broadleaf plants stays bud to stay bud to go out when taking out flower bud
Soil；
2) fertilising in due course and watering；Spray kills root nematode liquid medicine and/or kills wilt liquid medicine in banana field planting 3 months；
3) when banana plant bulb starts to appear, ridging keeps stem and promotees root growth；
4) appropriate plant growth regulator is sprayed to fruit ear when cutting off male flower cluster, bagging is carried out to fruit ear to protect fruit；
5) banana is harvested；
Subtropical zone other than south subtropics is colonized in early and middle ten days in March with the tissue-cultured seedling of 9~12 leaf ages, is controlled 10
The moon to mid-November takes out flower bud, harvests before mid-May；Or it is colonized with the tissue-cultured seedling of 7~9 leaf ages the first tenday period of a month in May to June, control
Flower bud is taken out in mid-February in next year to late April, is harvested for 6~July；Or it is fixed in mid or late October with the tissue-cultured seedling of 7~9 leaf ages
It plants, takes out flower bud in 6~July of next year, harvest for 9~November；The density of field planting in 3~April is 120~135 plants per acre；6~July or 10~11
The density of moon field planting is 140~155 plants per acre；
If the planting site of banana is South Subtropical Area of China, the time for being colonized anti-blight banana kind tissue-cultured seedling is 3~4
The moon or 6~July；Banana plant is avoided to take out flower bud in early December to early Febuary；The density of field planting in 3~April is per acre 130~150
Strain；The density of field planting in 6~July is 155~170 plants per acre.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: if the garden in banana planting place infected banana
Wilt disease to the non-banana crops of sick garden crop rotation or need to lie fallow at least a year, then carry out the field planting of step 1) again.
3. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2), kill root nematode liquid medicine and be selected from Avermectin
Element and/or phoxim；It kills wilt liquid medicine and is selected from the fresh amine of leaching rice and/or carbendazim.
4. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 4), plant growth regulator is selected from Idall
Receipts and/or Nong Baozan organic fertilizer liquid.
5. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 4), October to January takes out the fruit ear set of flower bud
Lighttight kraft paper bag adds Blue plastic film bag, and the fruit ear that other seasons take out flower bud covers white wax waterproof paper bag.
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| CN107896754A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 杨俊春 | A kind of control method of Banana Root nematode |
| CN110915396A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-03-27 | 广西金穗农业集团有限公司 | Fertilizing method of blight-resistant banana fertilizer |
| CN110800570B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-08-31 | 福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所（福建省农业科学院蔗麻研究中心） | Banana interplanting method suitable for Zhangzhou region |
| CN113133367A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Comprehensive control method for banana wilt |
| CN113854061B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-01-20 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Method for selecting fruiting plants by directional low-position secondary bud-remaining of bananas |
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