CN110915396A - Fertilizing method of blight-resistant banana fertilizer - Google Patents
Fertilizing method of blight-resistant banana fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110915396A CN110915396A CN201911208307.XA CN201911208307A CN110915396A CN 110915396 A CN110915396 A CN 110915396A CN 201911208307 A CN201911208307 A CN 201911208307A CN 110915396 A CN110915396 A CN 110915396A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizing method of a blight-resistant banana fertilizer, and belongs to the field of agricultural fertilizer application. In the method, old roots of bananas are ploughed off in soil needing new planting, the soil is deeply ploughed for 0.5-0.65m, 67 kg of lime is scattered per mu at the same time, then the mixture is sprayed on the surface of the soil by using an phoxim missible oil diluent and carbendazim wettable powder for 5-7 days under natural conditions, planting is carried out after 12-25 days, and new banana saplings are cultivated; when fertilizer is adopted for ditching and deep application, a strip ditch with the length, width and height of 0.5-0.8 multiplied by 0.3-0.5 multiplied by 0.2-0.4m is dug at the root of the banana, and a layer of straw is used for covering after fertilizer is applied and then earthing is carried out; when the fertilizer is applied in holes, 2-4 holes are dug at the position 37-50cm away from the root of the banana, and a layer of straw is used for covering after the fertilizer is applied, and then soil is covered, so that the method can be used for applying base fertilizer and additional fertilizer. The fertilizing method can effectively control the incidence rate of the blight, can improve the banana products, and can bring greater economic benefit to farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizer application, in particular to a fertilizing method of a blight-resistant banana fertilizer.
Background
Bananas are fond of damp-heat climate and grow vigorously in the fields with deep soil layers, loose soil texture and good drainage. Irrigation cultivation has also been successful in semiarid regions like southern jamaica. Wild bananas are cultivated by adopting seeds, and artificial bananas can be cultivated by dividing plants by using root sucking and pseudobulb; the first harvest takes 10-15 months, after which it is almost continuously harvested.
So far, the banana cultivation in China still has many problems in the aspects of nutrient management, especially fertilization: in traditional banana nutrient management, after 10 months from transplanting to harvesting, the additional fertilization is carried out for 2-3 times per month on average, and the labor requirement is overlarge. Because the conventional management adopts the water-soluble fertilizer, and the banana is irrigated in a sufficient amount in the growing period, if the fertilization labor is reduced, the dosage of the water-soluble fertilizer applied each time is increased, and more quick-acting nutrients are lost and leached; meanwhile, the banana root system can be burnt by using excessive water-soluble fertilizer once. Therefore, the banana cultivation provides requirements for high yield, high efficiency and simple management on fertilizer and fertilization technology, and how to select proper fertilizer to solve the problems in the traditional banana cultivation according to the growth and development rule, the fertilizer requirement rule and the soil fertility condition of bananas is imperative to realize simplified fertilization and scientific fertilization.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fertilizing method of a blight-resistant banana fertilizer, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the yield of bananas is not greatly improved, and the blight-resistant capability of bananas cannot be effectively improved.
For this purpose, the invention proposes the following solutions:
a fertilizing method of an anti-blight banana fertilizer comprises the steps of plowing old roots of bananas to soil needing to be newly planted, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.5-0.65m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing an phoxim missible oil diluent and carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 5-7 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 12-25 days, and cultivating new banana seedlings;
when fertilizer is adopted for ditching and deep application, a strip ditch with the length, width and height of 0.5-0.8 multiplied by 0.3-0.5 multiplied by 0.2-0.4m is dug at the root of the banana, and a layer of straw is used for covering after fertilizer is applied and then earthing is carried out;
when the fertilizer is applied in holes, 2-4 holes are dug at the position 37-50cm away from the root of the banana, and a layer of straw is used for covering after the fertilizer is applied, and then soil is covered, so that the method can be used for applying base fertilizer and additional fertilizer.
Preferably, the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate diluted 670-750 times liquid and the carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 50-60kg of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is sprayed on the surface of soil per mu.
Preferably, the peat soil is buried when the new banana tree seedlings are cultivated.
Preferably, when the fertilizer is adopted for ditching and deep application, a ditch with the length, width and height of 0.7 multiplied by 0.4 multiplied by 0.3m is dug at the position of 45-70cm of the root of the banana, 50-80kg of base fertilizer is applied per mu averagely, a layer of straw is used for covering, and then soil is covered.
Preferably, the banana fruit period is divided into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, when deep fertilizer ditching is adopted, the fertilizer is applied once per month, and the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 388-421 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud extraction period is 505 and 548 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit-strengthening period is 171-190g per plant.
Preferably, when the fertilizer is applied in holes, 3 holes are dug at a position 46cm away from the roots of the bananas during fertilizer application, and the specification of the holes is 45-65cm multiplied by 35-55 cm.
Preferably, when the base fertilizer is applied, 45-60kg of the base fertilizer is applied per mu averagely, a layer of straw is used for covering, then soil is covered, and after the soil is covered, a soil pile with the height of 12-20cm is pushed up at the top of the fertilizing hole; .
Preferably, when the top dressing is applied, 2-4 holes are dug at the position 35-50cm away from the root of the banana, the specification of the holes is 35-55cm multiplied by 35-55 multiplied by 18-30cm, a layer of straw is used for covering, and then soil covering is carried out.
Preferably, the banana fruit period is divided into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, when fertilizer hole application is adopted, the fertilizer hole application is carried out once per month, and the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 312-337 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud extraction period is 479 g/plant 404-; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit-strengthening period is 147-160 g/plant.
Preferably, the banana fruit period is divided into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, when fertilizer hole application is adopted, the fertilizer is applied once per month, and the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 326 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 441 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 153g per plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. as can be seen from Table 1, the average of the single plant yields of examples 1 to 3 using fertilizer for furrowing and deep application was 30.6kg, and the average of the single plant yields of examples 4 to 6 using fertilizer for hole application was 30.3kg, and the two single plant yield values were 12.1% and 11.0% higher than the single plant yield of comparative example 1, and 19.5% and 18.4% higher than the single plant yield of comparative example 2. The application of the phoxim emulsifiable diluent and the carbendazim wettable powder which are mixed and sprayed on the soil surface can affect the yield of bananas, and the killing of redundant strains can provide a good growth environment for bananas; compared with the fertilization method in the prior art, the fertilization method of the invention has a great improvement on banana yield. In the aspect of incidence rate of banana vascular wilt, the average yield of the single plants in the examples 1-3 adopting fertilizer ditching deep application is 5.8%, and the average yield of the single plants in the examples 4-6 adopting fertilizer hole application is 4.9%, so that better effects are achieved; the two blight morbidity values are reduced by 52.9 percent and 55.3 percent compared with the blight morbidity of the comparative example 1, and the blight morbidity of the comparative example 2 is reduced by 60.2 percent and 68.6 percent; the incidence of diseases is effectively reduced after the fertilization method is adopted.
2. The banana yield is higher than that of the fertilizer hole application method by adopting the ditching deep application method or the fertilizer hole application method, but the banana wilt infection rate of the bananas planted by the fertilizer hole application method is lower. When the method is applied to the condition of large-scale planting, the difference of the fertilization modes becomes more obvious, and the fertilization mode can be determined according to the soil condition or banana varieties in specific planting.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
Example 1
A fertilizing method of an anti-blight banana fertilizer comprises the steps of plowing old roots of bananas to soil needing to be newly planted, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.5m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing a phoxim missible oil diluent and carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 5 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 12 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil during the cultivation of the new banana seedlings;
ditching and deeply applying fertilizers, namely ditching a ditch with the length, width and height of 0.5 multiplied by 0.3 multiplied by 0.2m at the root part of the banana at the position of 45cm, applying 50kg of base fertilizer per mu averagely, covering with a layer of straw after applying the fertilizers, and covering with soil;
the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate diluted 670 times liquid and the carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 50kg of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is sprayed on the surface of soil per mu.
Dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and dressing once per month, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 388 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 505 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 171 g/plant.
The blight-resistant banana fertilizer adopted by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: n36 parts, P2O524 parts of, K215 parts of O, 22 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 12 parts of plant ash, 16 parts of anti-wilt agent, 8 parts of groundsel, 6 parts of European water chestnut, 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 1.1 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.9 part of cellulose gum, 0.16 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 27 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18 parts of putrefying spirillum and 20 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 5 hundred million cfu/g.
The N element in the fertilizer component can be composed of urea (containing N46%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of P2O5Can be prepared from calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P)2O518%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of K2O can be selected from potassium chloride (containing K)2O60%) was provided.
The preparation method of the blight-resistant banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed2O5And K2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed2O5、K2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, senecio, European magnesite, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 300 parts of water, stirring and mixing, piling into a fermentation pile with the height of 2.4m, keeping the water content of the fermentation product at 33%, then covering a heat-preservation coating, turning the pile when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches 50 ℃, then turning the pile once every 11 hours until 3 times;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 23 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to the mass concentration of 2%, manufacturing a circular hole with the diameter of 3cm at the top of the fermentation pile every 50cm, directly introducing the circular hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 5 times until the total fermentation time is 18 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The anti-wilt agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 19 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 15 parts of wheat ear skin, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and MgSO43 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 2.2 parts of xanthan gum and 1.8 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.5:0.7: 1.
The content of strains in trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis in the mixed microbial inoculum is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance to obtain mixed powder A with vibration frequency of 47.9 Hz;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding xanthan gum and deionized water 37, and hermetically stirring at 36 deg.C for 38min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 61min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Example 2
A fertilizing method of an anti-blight banana fertilizer comprises the steps of plowing old roots of bananas to soil needing to be newly planted, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.65m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing a phoxim missible oil diluent and carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 7 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 25 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil during the cultivation of the new banana seedlings;
ditching and deeply applying fertilizers, namely ditching a ditch with the length, width and height of 0.8 multiplied by 0.5 multiplied by 0.4m at the root of a banana at the position of 70cm, applying 80kg of base fertilizer per mu on average, covering with a layer of straw after applying the fertilizers, and covering with soil;
the 750 times diluted phoxim missible oil and carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 60kg of phoxim missible oil is sprayed on the soil surface per mu.
Dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and dressing once per month, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 421 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 548 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 190g per plant.
The blight-resistant banana fertilizer adopted by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: n36 parts, P2O524 parts of, K215 parts of O, 22 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 12 parts of plant ash, 16 parts of anti-wilt agent, 8 parts of groundsel, 6 parts of European water chestnut, 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 1.1 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.9 part of cellulose gum, 0.16 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 27 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18 parts of putrefying spirillum and 20 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 5 hundred million cfu/g.
The N element in the fertilizer component can be composed of urea (containing N46%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of P2O5Can be prepared from calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P)2O518%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of K2O can be selected from potassium chloride (containing K)2O60%) was provided.
The preparation method of the blight-resistant banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed2O5And K2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed2O5、K2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, senecio, European magnesite, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 300 parts of water, stirring and mixing, piling into a fermentation pile with the height of 2.4m, keeping the water content of the fermentation product at 33%, then covering a heat-preservation coating, turning the pile when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches 50 ℃, then turning the pile once every 11 hours until 3 times;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 23 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to the mass concentration of 2%, manufacturing a circular hole with the diameter of 3cm at the top of the fermentation pile every 50cm, directly introducing the circular hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 5 times until the total fermentation time is 18 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The anti-wilt agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 19 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 15 parts of wheat ear skin, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and MgSO43 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 2.2 parts of xanthan gum and 1.8 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.5:0.7: 1.
The content of strains in trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis in the mixed microbial inoculum is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance to obtain mixed powder A with vibration frequency of 47.9 Hz;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding xanthan gum and deionized water 37, and hermetically stirring at 36 deg.C for 38min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 61min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Example 3
A fertilizing method of an anti-blight banana fertilizer comprises the steps of plowing old roots of bananas to soil needing to be newly planted, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.57m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing a phoxim missible oil diluent and carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 6 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 19 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil during the cultivation of the new banana seedlings;
ditching and deeply applying fertilizers, namely ditching a ditch with the length, width and height of 0.7 multiplied by 0.4 multiplied by 0.3m at 55cm of the root of a banana, applying 70kg of base fertilizer per mu on average, covering with a layer of straw after applying the fertilizers, and covering with soil;
a710-fold diluted phoxim missible oil solution and carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 55kg of the phoxim missible oil solution is sprayed on the surface of soil per mu.
Dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and dressing once per month, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 410 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 521 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 183g per plant.
The blight-resistant banana fertilizer adopted by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: n36 parts, P2O524 parts of, K215 parts of O, 22 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 12 parts of plant ash, 16 parts of anti-wilt agent, 8 parts of groundsel, 6 parts of European water chestnut, 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 1.1 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.9 part of cellulose gum, 0.16 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 27 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18 parts of putrefying spirillum and 20 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 5 hundred million cfu/g.
The N element in the fertilizer component can be composed of urea (containing N46%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of P2O5Can be prepared from calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P)2O518%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of K2O can be selected from potassium chloride (containing K)2O60%) was provided.
The preparation method of the blight-resistant banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed2O5And K2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed2O5、K2O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, groundsel and European water chestnutPutting boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 300 parts of water, stirring and mixing, piling into a fermentation pile with the height of 2.4m, keeping the water content of the fermentation product between 33%, then covering a heat-preservation coating, turning the pile when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches 50 ℃, and turning the pile once every 11 hours until 3 times;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 23 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to the mass concentration of 2%, manufacturing a circular hole with the diameter of 3cm at the top of the fermentation pile every 50cm, directly introducing the circular hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 5 times until the total fermentation time is 18 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The anti-wilt agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 19 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 15 parts of wheat ear skin, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and MgSO43 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 2.2 parts of xanthan gum and 1.8 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.5:0.7: 1.
The content of strains in trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis in the mixed microbial inoculum is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance to obtain mixed powder A with vibration frequency of 47.9 Hz;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding xanthan gum and deionized water 37, and hermetically stirring at 36 deg.C for 38min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 61min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Example 4
A fertilizing method of an anti-blight banana fertilizer comprises the steps of plowing old roots of bananas to soil needing to be newly planted, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.5m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing a phoxim missible oil diluent and carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 5 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 12 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil during the cultivation of the new banana seedlings;
the 680-fold solution diluted by the phoxim missible oil and the carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 52kg of the phoxim missible oil and the carbendazim wettable powder are sprayed on the surface of soil per mu.
The method comprises the steps of performing hole application by adopting fertilizers, digging 2 holes at a position 37cm away from the roots of bananas when applying base fertilizers, wherein the specifications of the holes are 45cm multiplied by 35cm, applying 45kg of base fertilizers per mu averagely, covering by using a layer of straws, then covering soil, pushing up a soil pile with the height of 12cm at the top of a fertilization hole after covering the soil, and covering by using a layer of straws after applying the fertilizers, and then covering the soil.
When in topdressing, 2 holes are dug at the position 35cm away from the root of the banana, the specification of the holes is 35cm multiplied by 35 multiplied by 18cm, a layer of straw is used for covering, and then soil is covered; dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and dressing once per month, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 312 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 404 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 147 g/plant.
The blight-resistant banana fertilizer adopted by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: n36 parts, P2O524 parts of, K215 parts of O, 22 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 12 parts of plant ash, 16 parts of anti-wilt agent, 8 parts of groundsel, 6 parts of European water chestnut, 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 1.1 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.9 part of cellulose gum, 0.16 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 27 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18 parts of putrefying spirillum and 20 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 5 hundred million cfu/g.
The N element in the fertilizer component can be composed of urea (containing N46%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of P2O5Can be prepared from calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P)2O518%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of K2O can be selected from potassium chloride (containing K)2O60%) was provided.
The preparation method of the blight-resistant banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed2O5And K2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed2O5、K2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, senecio, European magnesite, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 300 parts of water, stirring and mixing, piling into a fermentation pile with the height of 2.4m, keeping the water content of the fermentation product at 33%, then covering a heat-preservation coating, turning the pile when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches 50 ℃, then turning the pile once every 11 hours until 3 times;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 23 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to the mass concentration of 2%, manufacturing a circular hole with the diameter of 3cm at the top of the fermentation pile every 50cm, directly introducing the circular hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 5 times until the total fermentation time is 18 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The anti-wilt agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 19 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 15 parts of wheat ear skin, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and MgSO43 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 2.2 parts of xanthan gum and 1.8 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.5:0.7: 1.
The content of strains in trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis in the mixed microbial inoculum is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance to obtain mixed powder A with vibration frequency of 47.9 Hz;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding xanthan gum and deionized water 37, and hermetically stirring at 36 deg.C for 38min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 61min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Example 5
A fertilizing method of an anti-blight banana fertilizer comprises the steps of plowing old roots of bananas to soil needing to be newly planted, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.63m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing a phoxim missible oil diluent and carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 7 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 23 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil when the new banana seedlings are planted;
the method comprises the steps of selecting and mixing 730 times of phoxim missible oil diluted liquid and carbendazim wettable powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and spraying 57kg of phoxim missible oil diluted liquid and carbendazim wettable powder on the surface of soil per mu.
And (3) performing hole application by adopting fertilizers, digging 4 holes at a position 50cm away from the root of the banana when applying the base fertilizer, wherein the specification of the holes is 65cm multiplied by 55cm, applying 60kg of the base fertilizer per mu averagely, covering a layer of straw, covering soil, and pushing up a soil pile with the height of 20cm at the top of the fertilization hole after covering the soil.
When in topdressing, digging 4 holes at the position 50cm away from the root of the banana, wherein the specification of the holes is 55cm multiplied by 55 multiplied by 30cm, covering with a layer of straw after fertilizing, and covering with soil; dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and dressing once per month, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 337 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 479 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 160 g/plant.
The blight-resistant banana fertilizer adopted by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: n36 parts, P2O524 parts of, K215 parts of O, 22 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 12 parts of plant ash, 16 parts of anti-wilt agent, 8 parts of groundsel, 6 parts of European water chestnut, 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 1.1 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.9 part of cellulose gum, 0.16 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 27 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18 parts of putrefying spirillum and 20 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 5 hundred million cfu/g.
The N element in the fertilizer component can be composed of urea (containing N46%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of P2O5Can be prepared from calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P)2O518%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of K2O can be selected from potassium chloride (containing K)2O60%) was provided.
The preparation method of the blight-resistant banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed2O5And K2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed2O5、K2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, senecio, European magnesite, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 300 parts of water, stirring and mixing, piling into a fermentation pile with the height of 2.4m, keeping the water content of the fermentation product at 33%, then covering a heat-preservation coating, turning the pile when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches 50 ℃, then turning the pile once every 11 hours until 3 times;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 23 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to the mass concentration of 2%, manufacturing a circular hole with the diameter of 3cm at the top of the fermentation pile every 50cm, directly introducing the circular hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 5 times until the total fermentation time is 18 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The anti-wilt agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 19 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 15 parts of wheat ear skin, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and MgSO43 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 2.2 parts of xanthan gum and 1.8 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.5:0.7: 1.
The content of strains in trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis in the mixed microbial inoculum is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance to obtain mixed powder A with vibration frequency of 47.9 Hz;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding xanthan gum and deionized water 37, and hermetically stirring at 36 deg.C for 38min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 61min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Example 6
A fertilizing method of an anti-blight banana fertilizer comprises the steps of plowing old roots of bananas to soil needing to be newly planted, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.52m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing a phoxim missible oil diluent and carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 6 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 16 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil during the cultivation of the new banana seedlings;
and mixing 690 times diluted phoxim missible oil solution and carbendazim wettable powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and spraying 53kg of the phoxim missible oil solution and carbendazim wettable powder on the surface of soil per mu.
And (3) performing hole application by adopting fertilizers, digging 3 holes at a position 46cm away from the root of the banana when applying the base fertilizer, wherein the specification of the holes is 56cm multiplied by 45cm, applying 53kg of the base fertilizer per mu averagely, covering a layer of straw, covering soil, and pushing up a soil pile with the height of 16cm at the top of the fertilizing hole after covering the soil.
When in topdressing, 3 holes are dug at the position 40cm away from the root of the banana, the specification of the holes is 45cm multiplied by 45 multiplied by 28cm, a layer of straw is used for covering after fertilization, and then soil is covered; dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and applying the fertilizer once per month when applying the fertilizer in holes, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 326 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 441 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 153 g/plant
The blight-resistant banana fertilizer adopted by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: n36 parts, P2O524 parts of, K215 parts of O, 22 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 12 parts of plant ash, 16 parts of anti-wilt agent, 8 parts of groundsel, 6 parts of European water chestnut, 5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 1.1 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.9 part of cellulose gum, 0.16 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 27 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18 parts of putrefying spirillum and 20 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 5 hundred million cfu/g.
The N element in the fertilizer component can be composed of urea (containing N46%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of P2O5Can be prepared from calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P)2O518%) and monoammonium phosphate (containing N12%, P)2O561%) of K2O can be selected from potassium chloride (containing K)2O60%) was provided.
The preparation method of the blight-resistant banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed2O5And K2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed2O5、K2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, senecio, European magnesite, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 300 parts of water, stirring and mixing, piling into a fermentation pile with the height of 2.4m, keeping the water content of the fermentation product at 33%, then covering a heat-preservation coating, turning the pile when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches 50 ℃, then turning the pile once every 11 hours until 3 times;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 23 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to the mass concentration of 2%, manufacturing a circular hole with the diameter of 3cm at the top of the fermentation pile every 50cm, directly introducing the circular hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 5 times until the total fermentation time is 18 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The anti-wilt agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 19 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 15 parts of wheat ear skin, 3 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and MgSO43 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 2.2 parts of xanthan gum and 1.8 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.5:0.7: 1.
The content of strains in trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis in the mixed microbial inoculum is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance to obtain mixed powder A with vibration frequency of 47.9 Hz;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding xanthan gum and deionized water 37, and hermetically stirring at 36 deg.C for 38min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 61min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Comparative example 1
The application method and the fertilizer used were substantially the same as those in example 6, except that the mixture of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate diluent and the carbendazim wettable powder was not sprayed on the soil surface.
Comparative example 2
The invention relates to a fertilizing method for newly planted banana trees, which is invented in China and has the following application numbers: 201310265350.6 bananas are planted by the method of the example.
In the general part of the golden ear agriculture group in Longan county, Guangxi, 8 test areas with the area of 5 mu are divided, 145 banana seedlings with the plant height of 14-20cm are planted in each mu by the methods of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2 respectively, the banana yield and the wilt infection number in the harvest period of each group are counted, and the average single banana yield and the wilt infection rate of each group are obtained by averaging, wherein the average single banana yield and the wilt infection rate are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Banana yield and wilt incidence
| Group of | Yield per plant (kg) | Blast disease incidence (%) |
| Example 1 | 29.6 | 7.5 |
| Example 2 | 30.3 | 5.9 |
| Example 3 | 31.8 | 4.1 |
| Example 4 | 29.1 | 5.7 |
| Example 5 | 29.7 | 5.2 |
| Example 6 | 32.1 | 3.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 27.3 | 12.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 25.6 | 15.6 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the average of the single plant yields of examples 1 to 3 using fertilizer for furrowing and deep application was 30.6kg, and the average of the single plant yields of examples 4 to 6 using fertilizer for hole application was 30.3kg, and the two single plant yield values were 12.1% and 11.0% higher than the single plant yield of comparative example 1, and 19.5% and 18.4% higher than the single plant yield of comparative example 2. The application of the phoxim emulsifiable diluent and the carbendazim wettable powder which are mixed and sprayed on the soil surface can affect the yield of bananas, and the killing of redundant strains can provide a good growth environment for bananas; compared with the fertilization method in the prior art, the fertilization method of the invention has a great improvement on banana yield. In the aspect of incidence rate of banana vascular wilt, the average yield of the single plants in the examples 1-3 adopting fertilizer ditching deep application is 5.8%, and the average yield of the single plants in the examples 4-6 adopting fertilizer hole application is 4.9%, so that better effects are achieved; the two blight morbidity values are reduced by 52.9 percent and 55.3 percent compared with the blight morbidity of the comparative example 1, and the blight morbidity of the comparative example 2 is reduced by 60.2 percent and 68.6 percent; the incidence of diseases is effectively reduced after the fertilization method is adopted.
The banana yield is higher than that of the fertilizer hole application method by adopting the ditching deep application method or the fertilizer hole application method, but the banana wilt infection rate of the bananas planted by the fertilizer hole application method is lower. When the method is applied to the condition of large-scale planting, the difference of the fertilization modes becomes more obvious, and the fertilization mode can be determined according to the soil condition or banana varieties in specific planting.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such substitutions and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fertilization method of a blight-resistant banana fertilizer is characterized in that old roots of bananas are hogged off in soil needing to be newly planted, the soil is deeply ploughed for 0.5-0.65m, 67 kg of lime is scattered per mu, then, mixing is carried out under natural conditions for 5-7 days by using a phoxim missible oil diluent and a carbendazim wettable powder, the mixture is sprayed on the surface of the soil, planting is carried out after 12-25 days, and new banana tree seedlings are planted;
when fertilizer is adopted for ditching and deep application, a strip ditch with the length, width and height of 0.5-0.8 multiplied by 0.3-0.5 multiplied by 0.2-0.4m is dug at the root of the banana, and a layer of straw is used for covering after fertilizer is applied and then earthing is carried out;
when the fertilizer is applied in holes, 2-4 holes are dug at the position 37-50cm away from the root of the banana, and a layer of straw is used for covering after the fertilizer is applied, and then soil is covered, so that the method can be used for applying base fertilizer and additional fertilizer.
2. The fertilizing method for the blight-resistant banana fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate diluted 670-750 times liquid and carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 50-60kg of the phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is sprayed on the soil surface per mu.
3. The method for fertilizing a blight-resistant banana fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the burying of peat soil is performed at the time of cultivation of a new banana tree seedling.
4. The method for fertilizing the anti-blight banana fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the fertilizer is applied for furrowing and deep application, a furrow with a length and width of 0.7 x 0.4 x 0.3m is dug at 45-70cm of the banana root, 50-80kg of base fertilizer is applied per mu on average, and a layer of straw is used for covering and covering soil.
5. The fertilizing method for the anti-blight banana fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the banana fruit stage is divided into a flower bud differentiation stage, a bud extraction stage and a fruit strengthening stage, when deep fertilizer ditching is adopted, the fertilizer is applied once per month, and the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation stage is 388-421 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud extraction period is 505 and 548 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit-strengthening period is 171-190g per plant.
6. The method for applying fertilizer to banana trees for combating blight as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fertilizer is applied in holes, wherein 3 holes are dug at a distance of 46cm from the root of banana trees, and the size of said holes is 45-65cm x 35-55 cm.
7. The method for applying a fertilizer for banana trees resistant to blight as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein the base fertilizer is applied by applying 45-60kg per mu on average, covering with a layer of straw, covering with soil, and pushing up a pile 12-20cm high at the top of the hole; .
8. The method for fertilizing a fertilizer for bananas against blight according to claim 1 or 6, wherein, in the case of topdressing, 2 to 4 holes are dug at a distance of 35 to 50cm from the roots of bananas, the size of the holes is 35 to 55cm x 35 to 55 x 18 to 30cm, and covering with a layer of straw and covering with soil.
9. The fertilizing method for the anti-blight banana fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein the banana fruit period is divided into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and when fertilizer hole application is adopted, the fertilizer is applied once per month, and the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 312-; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud extraction period is 479 g/plant 404-; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit-strengthening period is 147-160 g/plant.
10. The method for fertilizing an anti-blight banana fertilizer as claimed in claim 9, wherein the banana fruit stage is divided into a flower bud differentiation stage, a bud extraction stage and a fruit strengthening stage, and when fertilizer hole application is adopted, additional application is performed once per month, and the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation stage is 326 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 441 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 153g per plant.
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