CN105801639A - 一种从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法及甜菊糖苷制品 - Google Patents
一种从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法及甜菊糖苷制品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物领域，公开了一种从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法，提取步骤如下：将甜菊叶粉碎过80目，加入甜菊叶10倍重量的水、1/5甜菊叶重量的纤维素酶，45度水浴加热2小时，过滤，残渣再用同样的方法提取1次，合并滤液，滤液加入1/5甜菊叶重量的氧化钙和1/8甜菊叶重量的硫酸铝钾除杂，得粗提液，喷雾干燥，即得甜菊糖苷，并公开以甜菊糖苷提取物做成复方，还公开了其具有排痰作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物制剂技术领域，具体涉及一种从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法及甜菊糖苷制品。
背景技术
支气管炎是指气管、支气管黏膜及其周围组织的慢性非特异性炎症。支气管炎主要原因为病毒和细菌的反复感染形成了支气管的慢性非特异性炎症。当气温下降、呼吸道小血管痉挛缺血、防御功能下降等利于致病；烟雾粉尘、污染大气等慢性刺激也可发病；吸烟使支气管痉挛、黏膜变异、纤毛运动降低、黏液分泌增多有利感染；过敏因素也有一定关系。急慢支是呼吸道常见病，多发病，特别是幼儿和40岁以上的男人，发病机理明确，研究透彻，国内每年用于治疗急慢支的费用维持在20亿元以上，据权威机构对2002年春季广州市场止咳排痰排痰药的市场调查中成药销售额占总体市场的75％左右。因此研究开发对这些疾病具有良好治疗效果的新药，就显得非常有意义，一般从排痰、解热、抗菌等方面来治疗。
发明内容
发明目的：为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法及甜菊糖苷制品。
技术方案：本发明的目的是通过如下的方案实现的：
一种从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法，提取步骤如下：将甜菊叶粉碎过80目，加入甜菊叶10倍重量的水、1/5甜菊叶重量的纤维素酶，45度水浴加热2小时，过滤，残渣再用同样的方法提取1次，合并滤液，滤液加入1/5甜菊叶重量的氧化钙和1/8甜菊叶重量的硫酸铝钾除杂，得粗提液，喷雾干燥，即得甜菊糖苷。
所述从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法，喷雾干燥条件为：进风温度为100℃，出风温度为90℃，物料温度为70℃，雾化压力为0.2兆帕，喷雾速度为10ml/s。
一种甜菊糖苷制品，它所含的活性成分由下列重量份原料配比制备而成：甜菊糖苷2份、鸡心七30份、四季青40份、小过路黄38份、酒瓶花25份、水黄连40份，甜菊糖苷提取物为上述方法制备而得。
所述甜菊糖苷制品，制备方法步骤为：取上述除甜菊糖苷外其他药材合并，加水煎煮两次，合并煎液，浓缩至65℃时相对密度为1.10-1.20，加入乙醇，搅拌，使含醇量按体积百分比计算达65-85％，静置，过滤，滤液减压浓缩至65℃时相对密度为1.20-1.30并回收乙醇，将浓缩液喷雾干燥，所得颗粒粉碎成干浸膏粉，加入甜菊糖苷和辅料，制成所需制剂。
所述甜菊糖苷制品，制备方法中煎煮条件为：第一次加水量为药材重量的8-12倍量，煎煮1-2h，第二次加水量为药材重量的6-10倍量，煎煮1-2h。
所述甜菊糖苷制品，制备方法中喷雾干燥条件为：进风温度为90-110℃，出风温度为60-90℃，物料温度为60-90℃，雾化压力为0.2-0.5兆帕，喷雾速度为1-10ml/s。
所述甜菊糖苷制品在制备排痰药物中的应用。
甜叶菊为菊科、甜叶菊属多年生草本植物。株高1-1.3米。根梢肥大，50-60条，长可达25厘米。茎直立，基部梢木质化，上部柔嫩，密生短茸毛，花冠基部浅紫红色或白色，上部白色。瘦果线形，稍扁，褐色，具冠毛。花期7—9月，果期9-11月。原产于南美巴拉圭和马西交界的高山草地。现中国北京、河北、陕西、江苏、福建、湖南、云南等地均有引种。喜在温暖湿润的环境中生长，对光敏感。叶含菊糖苷6-12％，精品为白色粉末状，是一种低热量、高甜度的天然甜味剂，是食品及药品工业的原料之一。
鸡心七为蛇菰科植物多药蛇菰(Balanophorapolyandra)的全株。因其形态状如鸡心，故得此名。清热解毒，温经通络，活血止血，接骨。用于跌打损伤，咳血；外用治乳腺炎，刀伤，开发性骨折，疔疮肿毒。本发明以全株入药。
四季青为冬青科的植物。分布于我国长江以南各地，常生长于疏林中。其根、叶均可制药，拉丁学名IlexpurpureaHassk.，清热解毒，活血止血。用于上呼吸道肝炎，慢性气管炎，肾盂肾炎，细菌性痢疾；外用治烧烫伤，下肢溃疡，麻风溃疡，创收出血，冻伤，乳腺炎，皮肤皲裂(烧灰调油外搽)。
小过路黄为报春花科植物聚花过路黄的全草。春、秋采收，鲜用或晒干用：祛风散寒，止咳化痰，消积解毒。用于风寒头痛，咽喉肿痛，咳嗽多痰，小儿疳积，腹泻，蛇咬伤。
酒瓶花为杜鹃花科杜鹃花属植物亮毛杜鹃RhododendronmicrophytonFranch.，以根入药。夏秋采集,洗净,切片晒干或鲜用。能清热解表，利尿。用于感冒，急、慢性肾炎，肾盂肾炎，小儿惊风。
水黄连为毛茛科唐松草属植物箭头唐松草ThalictrumsimplexL.var.brevipesHara，以全草入药。春末夏初采，洗净，晒干。清热，利尿。用于黄疸、腹水，小便不利；外用治眼结膜炎。其余为药典品种。
有益效果：本发明中鸡心七、四季青、小过路黄清热解毒、活血止血、祛风散寒，止咳化痰，消积解毒为君药，酒瓶花、水黄连清热解表为臣药，甜菊糖苷为佐使药，诸药相合，用于排痰。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例形式，对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明，但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例，凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
实施例1：取甜菊叶10kg粉碎过80目，加入甜菊叶10倍重量的水、1/5甜菊叶重量的纤维素酶，45度水浴加热2小时，过滤，残渣再用同样的方法提取1次，合并滤液，滤液加入1/5甜菊叶重量的氧化钙和1/8甜菊叶重量的硫酸铝钾除杂，得粗提液，喷雾干燥，即得甜菊糖苷。所述从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法，喷雾干燥条件为：进风温度为100℃，出风温度为90℃，物料温度为70℃，雾化压力为0.2兆帕，喷雾速度为10ml/s。
实施例2：取甜菊叶20kg粉碎过80目，加入甜菊叶10倍重量的水、1/5甜菊叶重量的纤维素酶，45度水浴加热2小时，过滤，残渣再用同样的方法提取1次，合并滤液，滤液加入1/5甜菊叶重量的氧化钙和1/8甜菊叶重量的硫酸铝钾除杂，得粗提液，喷雾干燥，即得甜菊糖苷。所述从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法，喷雾干燥条件为：进风温度为100℃，出风温度为90℃，物料温度为70℃，雾化压力为0.2兆帕，喷雾速度为10ml/s。
实施例3：取甜菊叶30kg粉碎过80目，加入甜菊叶10倍重量的水、1/5甜菊叶重量的纤维素酶，45度水浴加热2小时，过滤，残渣再用同样的方法提取1次，合并滤液，滤液加入1/5甜菊叶重量的氧化钙和1/8甜菊叶重量的硫酸铝钾除杂，得粗提液，喷雾干燥，即得甜菊糖苷。所述从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法，喷雾干燥条件为：进风温度为100℃，出风温度为90℃，物料温度为70℃，雾化压力为0.2兆帕，喷雾速度为10ml/s。
实施例4：取鸡心七30g、四季青40g、小过路黄38g、酒瓶花25g、水黄连40g药材混合，加水煎煮两次，第一次加水为药材重量的8倍量，煎煮1.5h，第二次加水为药材重量的6倍量，煎煮1h，合并煎液，滤过，滤液浓缩至相对密度1.10(65℃)，加适量乙醇使含醇量(体积分数)达65％，搅拌，静置24小时，滤过，滤液回收乙醇并浓缩至相对密度1.10(65℃)的浸膏，经喷雾干燥(条件为进风温度为100℃，出风温度为80℃，物料温度为70℃，雾化压力为0.2兆帕，喷雾速度为5ml/s。)，粉碎成干浸膏粉，再加入上述实施例1制备的甜菊糖苷2g、糊精50g，用适量80％乙醇润湿，制软材，过14目筛制粒，70℃干燥，60目整粒，得颗粒剂。
实施例5：鸡心七30g、四季青40g、小过路黄38g、酒瓶花25g、水黄连40g药材混合，加水煎煮两次，第次加水为药材重量的10倍量，煎煮2h，第二次加水为药材重量的8倍量，煎煮1h，合并煎液，滤过，滤液浓缩至相对密度1.15(65℃)，加适量乙醇使含醇量(体积分数)达75％，搅拌，静置24小时，滤过，滤液回收乙醇并浓缩至相对密度1.25(65℃)的浸膏，经喷雾干燥(条件为进风温度为120℃，出风温度为90℃，物料温度为80℃，雾化压力为0.3兆帕，喷雾速度为7.5/s。)，粉碎成干浸膏粉，再加入上述实施例1制备的甜菊糖苷2g、淀粉50g，混合均匀，用适量80％乙醇润湿，制软材，过30目筛制粒，于70～80℃干燥，用60目筛整粒，压片，包糖衣，分装，外包装，送检合格，得成品。
实施例6：取鸡心七30g、四季青40g、小过路黄38g、酒瓶花25g、水黄连40g药材混合，加水煎煮两次，第一次加水为药材重量的10倍量，煎煮1.5h，第二次加水为药材重量的8倍量，煎煮1.5h，合并煎液，滤过，滤液浓缩至相对密度1.15(65℃)，加适量乙醇使含醇量(体积分数)达75％，搅拌，静置24小时，滤过，滤液回收乙醇并浓缩至相对密度1.25(65℃)的浸膏，经喷雾干燥(条件为进风温度为120℃，出风温度为90℃，物料温度为90℃，雾化压力为0.4兆帕，喷雾速度为7.5/s。)，粉碎成干浸膏粉，过6号筛，加入上述实施例1制备的甜菊糖苷2g，再装入1号胶囊即可得成品。
实施例7：本发明排痰药效试验资料
动物：SD.大鼠，全雄性，清洁级，体重180-220g。提供单位：中国科学院上海实验动物中心。实验动物生产许可证：SCXK(沪)2002-0010；实验动物使用许可证：SYXK(苏)2002-0053。
药物：按上述实施例4方法制备
对大鼠毛细管法排痰量的影响：分组：大鼠随机分为5组：空白对照组(等容积生理盐水)，氯化铵组(1.0g/kg)，本发明高(20g生药/kg)、中(10g生药/kg)、低(5g生药/kg)三个剂量组。
实验方法：10％的水合氯醛(中国医药公司上海化学试剂公司，化学纯，批号：沪Q/HG22-771-68)0.4g/kg腹腔注射麻醉(术前禁食12h)。大鼠仰卧位固定于手术板上，颈部用75％酒精棉球消毒，正中切开约1cm长的切口，找到气管，于环状软骨下用针头在气管上扎一孔，随后将直径0.5mm的毛细管插入气管，至刚好接触气管为止。2小时后取出毛细管，测量管中分泌液的长度；再分别灌胃给予本发明、氯化铵或0.5％CMC-Na，再插入毛细管，观察2小时，测量长度]。
实验结果：高、中剂量均能明显增加大鼠毛细管排痰量，与对照组比较差异均有显著性(见表1)。
表1.本发明对大鼠毛细管法排痰量的影响
注：与空白对照组比较*P<0.05；**P<0.01。
实验结果表明本发明能增加毛细管吸取气管分泌物的液柱长度。因此提示我们本发明具有化痰作用，对改善症状有一定的帮助。
Claims (7)
1.一种从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法，其特征在于，提取步骤如下：将甜菊叶粉碎过80目，加入甜菊叶10倍重量的水、1/5甜菊叶重量的纤维素酶，45度水浴加热2小时，过滤，残渣再用同样的方法提取1次，合并滤液，滤液加入1/5甜菊叶重量的氧化钙和1/8甜菊叶重量的硫酸铝钾除杂，得粗提液，喷雾干燥，即得甜菊糖苷。
2.如权利要求1所述从甜叶菊中提取甜菊糖苷的方法，其特征在于，喷雾干燥条件为：进风温度为100℃，出风温度为90℃，物料温度为70℃，雾化压力为0.2兆帕，喷雾速度为10ml/s。
3.一种甜菊糖苷制品，其特征在于，它所含的活性成分由下列重量份原料配比制备而成：甜菊糖苷2份、鸡心七30份、四季青40份、小过路黄38份、酒瓶花25份、水黄连40份，甜菊糖苷提取物为上述权利要求1的方法制备而得。
4.如权利要求3所述甜菊糖苷制品，其特征在于，制备方法步骤为：取上述除甜菊糖苷外其他药材合并，加水煎煮两次，合并煎液，浓缩至65℃时相对密度为1.10-1.20，加入乙醇，搅拌，使含醇量按体积百分比计算达65-85％，静置，过滤，滤液减压浓缩至65℃时相对密度为1.20-1.30并回收乙醇，将浓缩液喷雾干燥，所得颗粒粉碎成干浸膏粉，加入甜菊糖苷和辅料，制成所需制剂。
5.如权利要求4所述甜菊糖苷制品，其特征在于，制备方法中煎煮条件为：第一次加水量为药材重量的8-12倍量，煎煮1-2h，第二次加水量为药材重量的6-10倍量，煎煮1-2h。
6.如权利要求4所述甜菊糖苷制品，其特征在于，制备方法中喷雾干燥条件为：进风温度为90-110℃，出风温度为60-90℃，物料温度为60-90℃，雾化压力为0.2-0.5兆帕，喷雾速度为1-10ml/s。
7.如权利要求3所述甜菊糖苷制品在排痰药物中的应用。
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Application publication date: 20160727 |