CN105789617A - 一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用 - Google Patents
一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105789617A CN105789617A CN201610327416.3A CN201610327416A CN105789617A CN 105789617 A CN105789617 A CN 105789617A CN 201610327416 A CN201610327416 A CN 201610327416A CN 105789617 A CN105789617 A CN 105789617A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- ion battery
- preparation
- source
- battery positive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 iron ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- LDHBWEYLDHLIBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] LDHBWEYLDHLIBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108090000862 Ion Channels Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical group O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020657 Na3V2(PO4)3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010052164 Sodium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000018674 Sodium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1397—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:A、将钠源、铁源和磷源按计量比混合均匀,然后在250~450℃、惰性气氛保护下煅烧0~12h,获得中间产物;B、将步骤A所得中间产物在温度为500~700℃、惰性气氛保护下煅烧6~15小时,获得终产物Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料,或者步骤B为将所得中间产物与碳源混合再进行煅烧得到碳包覆的Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料。将Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料作为钠离子电池正极材料,其展现出优异的容量、倍率和长循环性能,具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于钠离子电池材料领域,具体涉及一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用。
背景技术
目前在电子及电动产业领域应用最多的当属锂离子电池,但随着下游电子产品的普及以及相关政策对新能源汽车的持续支持和市场需求的不断上涨使得新能源产业爆发式发展,带动上游锂电原材料碳酸锂需求增大,预计未来供需缺口还可能继续扩大,届时锂资源必将面临匮乏的局面。据美国地质调查所2015年的最新数据,世界已查明的锂资源量约为3950万吨,储量约1350万吨。主要集中在南美的锂三角(智利、阿根廷和玻利维亚),其次是澳大利亚和加拿大,其价格由1991年锂离子电池开始走入市场至今已翻了数倍。另据锂业分会统计,2015年初电池级碳酸锂价格4.3万元/吨,年底报价已至12.3万元/吨,上涨近3倍,截至2016年2月18日,电池级碳酸锂已达到15万-16万元/吨。相较于锂资源,钠资源丰富,约占地壳元素储量的2.64%,分布广泛,从材料本身的成本来看,钠仅为锂的20分之1。即使增加其他材料,成本至少也能降到原先的一半以下。因此,钠离子电池是一种非常有前景的二次电池,特别是在对电池的体积能量密度要求不高的大规模储能方面拥有广泛的应用前景。当前国际市场锂离子电池正极材料LiCoO2的价格持续上涨,给锂离子电池生产企业带来巨大压力的情况下,开发出低成本的钠离子电极材料具有重大意义。
目前,钠离子电池的阴极材料主要分为两大类型,即氧化物型和聚阴离子型。氧化物型的典型代表便是层状NaxMO2(M=Mn,Co,Fe,Cr,Ni),有P2和O3两种类型。这类材料的特点是容量高和多电压平台。但美中不足的是电压平台稍低以及充放电循环过程中结构不稳定,因此大大限制了它们的实际开发利用。由于钠离子半径比锂离子大的多,为了得到更大的钠离子通道,通过借鉴锂离子电池体系的研发思维,科学家们的思路是在钠离子电池体系中引入PO4 3-,P2O7 4-等聚阴离子和氟离子,这就是所谓聚阴离子型阴极材料,聚阴离子具有较多的氧离子和配位空间,故往往可以与过渡金属离子构成相互连接的空间聚联结构。该类材料目前已成为钠离子正极材料的研究重点之一。如Li等研究了不同维度炭材料对Na3V2(PO4)3电化学性能的影响,并组装了性能优秀的对称电池;Kim等用固相法得到了放电容量为97mAh/g的Na2FeP2O7正极材料;Deng等用Na7V4(P2O7)4PO4作为钠离子正极材料,容量达到了92.1mAh/g,并且具有很好的倍率性能;Huang等系统的研究了Na2.24FePO4CO3正极材料,容量达到120mAh/g;这些研究都证实了聚阴离子型阴极材料相对于过渡金属氧化物而言,其作为钠离子电极材料更切实可行,具有更稳定的结构、更大的离子通道,且聚阴离子的诱导效应,使得材料具有可调的工作电压,因此有望成为新一代的钠离子电池正极材料。
Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4具有较大的离子通道,为钠离子的迁移提供了可能,其理论容量为108mAh/g,但截至目前关于该材料的电池性能还尚未见报道。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用。该制备方法操作简单、周期短、成本低,本发明的另一目的是将所制得的材料应用于钠离子电池。
为达到上述目的,本发明具体提供了如下的技术方案:
1、一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
A、将钠源、铁源和磷源按计量比混合均匀,然后在250~450℃、惰性气氛保护下煅烧0~12h,获得中间产物;
B、将步骤A所得中间产物在温度为500~700℃、惰性气氛保护下煅烧6~15小时,获得终产物Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料;
优选的,所述钠源、铁源和磷源中钠离子、铁离子、磷离子摩尔比为7:4.5:8。
优选的,所述钠源为磷酸二氢钠、磷酸氢二钠、硝酸钠、碳酸钠、醋酸钠、氢氧化钠和碳酸氢钠中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述铁源为草酸亚铁、硫酸亚铁、硝酸铁中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述磷源为磷酸、磷酸二氢铵、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸铵、磷酸氢二钠和磷酸二氢钠中的一种或多种。
优选的,步骤A、B所述惰性气氛为氩气、氮气或氩氢混合气形成。
优选的,所述步骤B如下:将步骤A所得中间产物与碳源混合,然后在温度为500~700℃、惰性气氛保护下煅烧6~15小时,获得终产物碳包覆的Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料。
优选的,所述碳源为柠檬酸、可溶性淀粉、抗坏血酸、蔗糖和葡萄糖中的一种或多种。
2、由所述制备方法制成的Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料。
3、所述Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料作为钠离子电池正极材料的应用。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明利用固相法合成了新型的Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4正极材料。该制备方法操作简便、周期短、成本低;作为钠离子电池正极材料,其展现出优异的容量、倍率和长循环性能,具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚,本发明提供如下附图:
图1表示实施例1所得产品的扫描电镜图;
图2表示实施例2所得产品的扫描电镜图;
图3表示实施例2所得产品的物相XRD图;
图4表示电池的恒流充放电测试曲线;
图5表示电池的循环测试曲线图;
图6表示电池的倍率性能图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述。实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件或按照制造厂商所建议的条件进行。
实施例1Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4正极材料的合成
称取0.0927gNa2CO3,0.2024gFeC2O4·2H2O和0.2641g(NH4)2HPO4,加入10ml乙醇,400rpm下球磨24h,干燥后在350℃、氩气保护下煅烧6h,获得中间产物;将上述中间产物与10ml乙醇混合,于400rpm下球磨20h,干燥后在600℃、氩氢混合气体保护下煅烧12h,获得终产物Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4。
对实施例1所得产物进行电镜扫描得到如图1所示的电镜扫描图。
实施例2Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4正极材料的合成
称取0.0927gNa2CO3,0.2024gFeC2O4·2H2O和0.2641g(NH4)2HPO4,加入10ml乙醇,400rpm下球磨24h,干燥后在350℃、氩气保护下煅烧6h,获得中间产物;将上述中间产物与质量分数为10%的可溶性淀粉混合,加入10ml乙醇,于400rpm下球磨20h,干燥后在600℃、氩氢混合气体保护下煅烧12h,获得终产物Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4。
对实施例2所得产物进行电镜扫描得到如图2所示的电镜扫描图,再进一步对所得产物进行物相分析,得到如图3所示的物相XRD图。
实施例3Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4正极材料的合成
称取0.1470gNaHCO3,0.2024gFeC2O4·2H2O和0.2301gNH4H2PO4,加入10ml乙醇,400rpm下球磨24h,干燥后在400℃、氩气保护下煅烧3h,获得中间产物;将上述中间产物与10ml乙醇混合,于400rpm下球磨20h,干燥后在600℃、氩气保护下煅烧10h,获得终产物Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4。
实施例4Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4正极材料的合成
称取0.2381gCH3COONa·3H2O,0.2024gFeC2O4·2H2O和0.4063g(NH4)3PO4,加入10ml乙醇,400rpm下球磨24h,干燥后在600℃、氩氢混合气体保护下煅烧15h,获得终产物Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4。
实施例5Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4正极材料的合成
称取0.1470gNaHCO3,0.2024gFeC2O4·2H2O和0.2301gNH4H2PO4,加入10ml乙醇,400rpm下球磨24h,干燥后在350℃、氩气保护下煅烧6h,获得中间产物;将上述中间产物与质量分数为10%的可溶性淀粉混合,于400rpm下球磨20h,干燥后在600℃、氩氢混合气体保护下煅烧12h,获得终产物Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4。
电池的制备及电化学性能测试
取实施例2制得的Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4与乙炔黑、PVDF粘结剂按质量比70:20:10混合,再加入适量1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP),在玛瑙研钵中研磨至糊状,涂覆在直径为19mm的铝箔上,然后将铝箔于120℃真空干燥12小时,即得正极片,转移至充满氩气的手套箱中进行纽扣电池的组装,纽扣电池型号为CR2032,负极为金属钠片,隔膜为聚丙烯微孔膜Celgard2400,电解液为1mol/L的NaClO4溶液(溶剂为碳酸乙烯酯与碳酸二甲酯按体积比1:1组成的混合液)。
将组装好的电池放置6小时以上后,在Land测试系统上进行电化学性能测试,电压范围为1.5~4.0V。
所得恒流充放电曲线如图4所示。以1.5C的充放电电流循环650圈以后该材料的充放曲线基本无变化,说明该材料展现出优秀的循环性能。
所得循环曲线如图5所示。以12C和25C的充放电电流循环5000圈以后容量基本没衰减,说明该材料展现出杰出的循环稳定性能。
所得倍率性能如图6所示。以不同电流密度(从小到达,又从大到小)测试了该材料的倍率性能,说明该材料具有优秀的倍率性能以及恢复能力。
最后说明的是,以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述,但本领域技术人员应当理解,可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变,而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
A、将钠源、铁源和磷源按计量比混合均匀,然后在250~450℃、惰性气氛保护下煅烧0~12h,获得中间产物;
B、将步骤A所得中间产物在温度为500~700℃、惰性气氛保护下煅烧6~15小时,获得终产物Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钠源、铁源和磷源中钠离子、铁离子、磷离子摩尔比为7:4.5:8。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钠源为磷酸二氢钠、磷酸氢二钠、硝酸钠、碳酸钠、醋酸钠、氢氧化钠和碳酸氢钠中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述铁源为草酸亚铁、硫酸亚铁、硝酸铁中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述磷源为磷酸、磷酸二氢铵、磷酸氢二铵、磷酸铵、磷酸氢二钠和磷酸二氢钠中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤A、B所述惰性气氛由氩气、氮气或氩氢混合气形成。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤B如下:将步骤A所得中间产物与碳源混合,然后在温度为500~700℃、惰性气氛保护下煅烧6~15小时,获得终产物碳包覆的Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述碳源为柠檬酸、可溶性淀粉、抗坏血酸、蔗糖和葡萄糖中的一种或多种。
9.由权利要求1~8任一项所述制备方法制成的Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料。
10.权利要求9所述Na7Fe4.5(P2O7)4电极材料作为钠离子电池正极材料的应用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610327416.3A CN105789617B (zh) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | 一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610327416.3A CN105789617B (zh) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | 一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105789617A true CN105789617A (zh) | 2016-07-20 |
CN105789617B CN105789617B (zh) | 2018-07-24 |
Family
ID=56379992
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610327416.3A Active CN105789617B (zh) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | 一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN105789617B (zh) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106340650A (zh) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-01-18 | 中南大学 | 一种焦磷酸铁钠的制备方法及其在钠离子电池中应用 |
CN106629648A (zh) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-05-10 | 西南大学 | Na3.64Fe2.18(P2O7)2正极材料及制备方法和应用 |
CN108539157A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-14 | 武汉大学 | 一类高功率钠离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN108565418A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-21 | 武汉大学 | 一种新型钠离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
WO2020124468A1 (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 晶体材料及其制备方法和用途、钠离子电池正极材料、钠离子电池和设备 |
CN114613998A (zh) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-10 | 北京理工大学 | 碳包覆钠离子电池正极材料Na4Fe3-xMx(PO4)2P2O7/C及其制备方法 |
CN114709401A (zh) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-05 | 西南大学 | 一种金属氧化物包覆的焦磷酸铁钠电极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103843178A (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-06-04 | 法拉典有限公司 | 缩聚阴离子电极 |
US20150303474A1 (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2015-10-22 | Faradion Limited | Metal-containing compounds |
-
2016
- 2016-05-17 CN CN201610327416.3A patent/CN105789617B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103843178A (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-06-04 | 法拉典有限公司 | 缩聚阴离子电极 |
US20150303474A1 (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2015-10-22 | Faradion Limited | Metal-containing compounds |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
YUBIN NIU等: "Na3.12Fe2.44(P2O7)2/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite as a cathode material for sodium-ion batteries", 《JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A》 * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106629648A (zh) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-05-10 | 西南大学 | Na3.64Fe2.18(P2O7)2正极材料及制备方法和应用 |
CN106340650A (zh) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-01-18 | 中南大学 | 一种焦磷酸铁钠的制备方法及其在钠离子电池中应用 |
CN106340650B (zh) * | 2016-11-09 | 2019-05-03 | 中南大学 | 一种焦磷酸铁钠的制备方法及其在钠离子电池中应用 |
CN108539157A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-14 | 武汉大学 | 一类高功率钠离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN108565418A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-21 | 武汉大学 | 一种新型钠离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
WO2020124468A1 (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 晶体材料及其制备方法和用途、钠离子电池正极材料、钠离子电池和设备 |
CN114613998A (zh) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-10 | 北京理工大学 | 碳包覆钠离子电池正极材料Na4Fe3-xMx(PO4)2P2O7/C及其制备方法 |
CN114709401A (zh) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-05 | 西南大学 | 一种金属氧化物包覆的焦磷酸铁钠电极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105789617B (zh) | 2018-07-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105552344B (zh) | 一种锂离子电池正极片、锂离子电池及其制备方法 | |
CN108046231B (zh) | 一种钠离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 | |
CN105789617A (zh) | 一种钠离子电池正极材料的制备方法及其产品和应用 | |
CN103779564B (zh) | 高性能磷酸钒钠对称型钠离子电池材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN102201576B (zh) | 一种多孔碳原位复合磷酸铁锂正极材料及其制备方法 | |
CN103515594B (zh) | 碳包覆的磷酸锰锂/磷酸铁锂核壳结构材料及其制备方法 | |
CN101442117B (zh) | 碳包覆磷酸铁锂的制备方法 | |
CN106946238B (zh) | 一种磷酸钒锰钠电极材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN107482182A (zh) | 碳包覆离子掺杂磷酸锰锂电极材料及其制备方法 | |
CN108039458A (zh) | 一种钠离子电池正极材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN101290988A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池正极材料磷酸亚铁锂的制备方法 | |
CN109119624A (zh) | 一种磷酸钛锂包覆富锂锰基正极材料的制备方法 | |
CN106629648B (zh) | Na3.64Fe2.18(P2O7)2正极材料及制备方法和应用 | |
CN107516739A (zh) | 一种利用缺陷调控法制备锂离子电池电极材料的方法 | |
CN107069029B (zh) | 一种锂电池用高电压正极材料及其制备方法 | |
CN103022487A (zh) | 一种锂电池纳米磷酸锰锂正极材料的制备方法 | |
CN102931404A (zh) | 磷位硼掺杂磷酸锰锂/碳复合材料及其制备方法 | |
CN113629242A (zh) | 一种聚阴离子磷酸钒铁钠正极材料的制备方法 | |
CN105576204A (zh) | 一种石墨烯复合碳包覆磷酸钴锂材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN104600262A (zh) | 一种LiFePO4/C复合正极材料及其制备方法 | |
CN102079517A (zh) | 喷雾热解法制备锂离子电池正极材料氟化磷酸钒锂 | |
CN113299897A (zh) | 一种Na3V2(PO4)3@C为正极材料的混合离子全电池 | |
CN100420074C (zh) | 一种锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4/C的制备方法 | |
CN104779393A (zh) | 一种液相还原制备锂离子电池正极材料磷酸钒锂的方法 | |
CN103872320A (zh) | 一种钕镍硼掺杂磷酸锰锂复合正极材料的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240308 Address after: 238100 Qingxi Town Industrial Park, Hanshan County, Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province Patentee after: TONGXING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Country or region after: China Address before: 400715 No. 2, natural road, Beibei District, Chongqing Patentee before: SOUTHWEST University Country or region before: China |