CN105707474A - Preparation method of silage - Google Patents
Preparation method of silage Download PDFInfo
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- CN105707474A CN105707474A CN201610127687.4A CN201610127687A CN105707474A CN 105707474 A CN105707474 A CN 105707474A CN 201610127687 A CN201610127687 A CN 201610127687A CN 105707474 A CN105707474 A CN 105707474A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/70—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in livestock or poultry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of silage. The method includes the following steps that the main ingredient is prepared, wherein by weight, corn stalk, herbs of alfalfa, bran, fermented soybean meal, corn flour and medical stone are weighed; fermentation accelerator, a protective agent and a nutrition additive are added to the main ingredient; the mixture is mixed to be uniform, and a preliminary finished product is obtained; the preliminary finished product is placed in a sealing container for sealed fermentation, and fermentation is conducted at the temperature of 20-35 DEG C till the silage is obtained; Chinese medicine liquid and the silage are mixed to be uniform, sealed and preserved, and a finished product can be obtained. The prepared silage is small in main nutrient loss, has good main nutrient loss and is good in nutritional quality; a quite good health care function is achieved, resistance of animals can be well enhanced after the animals feed on the silage, production performance of the silage is improved, common diseases of livestock are prevented and treated, produced meat is greatly increased, and meat quality is well improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of silage production, the preparation method being specifically related to a kind of ensilage.
Background technology
Ensilage is by green forage that moisture content is 65%-75% after chopping, when airtight anoxia, by the Fermentation of anaerobism lactic acid bacteria, it is suppressed that the breeding of various miscellaneous bacterias, and a kind of roughage obtained.Ensilage abnormal smells from the patient acid perfume, soft and succulency, good palatability, nutritious, to be beneficial to long-term preservation be domestic animal excellent food source.
At present, major part ensilage be adopt herbage (conventional sweet broomcorn straw, corn straw etc.) directly to prescind, compacting, sealing produce.Due to plant self with lactic acid bacterium number limited, it is difficult to quickly forming lactate fermentation so that the putrefaction bacteria activity time is long, the pH of ensilage declines slowly, causes that ensilage nutritive loss is excessive, even causes ensilage corrupt.
Feedstuff of the prior art due to material matching unreasonable, be mainly reflected in 1, add antibiotic, hormone, chemical synthetic drug relatively common, although its effect is obvious, but usually has residual in the product, endangers consumer health, is easily generated Drug resistance simultaneously;2, chemical classes is many, other trace element are many in interpolation, although can promote growth of animal very well, but meat is poor;3, raw material is excessively single, can not meet the nutritional need of growth of animal after feed intake, and growth is comparatively slow, and meat is poor.
Summary of the invention
For above the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of nutrient loss is few, premunition strong and promotes Beef Cattle Growth and the preparation method of the good ensilage of meat.
Realizing the preparation method that the technical scheme is that a kind of ensilage, the method comprises the steps:
(1) preparation major ingredient: corn straw, Herba Medicaginis are chopped up;By weight, corn straw 65~88 parts, Herba Medicaginis 15~30 parts, 10~20 parts of wheat bran, fermented bean cake 5~10 parts, Semen Maydis powder 2~5 parts, Maifanitum 0.1~1 part are weighed;
(2) in described major ingredient, fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent are added;It is uniformly mixed so as to obtain just finished product;Wherein, described major ingredient is 100:5:2:2 with the mass ratio of described fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent;
(3) being placed in sealing container by described just finished product, sealing and fermenting, is carry out at 20~35 DEG C fermenting until obtaining ensilage in temperature;
(4) Chinese medicine additive is taken: according to the Radix Astragali: Radix Polygoni Multiflori: Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis: Ganoderma: the mass ratio that Rhizoma Gastrodiae is 2~4:1~3:2~5:1~2:1~4 is mixed into Chinese medicine composition, add the water of 8 times amount, utilize conventional water extraction method, concentrate the herb liquid into 1g/ml;Herb liquid is mixed homogeneously with described ensilage, seals and preserve, namely obtain finished product.
Preferably, in described step (1), count by weight, corn straw 70 parts, Herba Medicaginis 20 parts, 10 parts of wheat bran, fermented bean cake 8 parts;Semen Maydis powder 3 parts, Maifanitum 0.5 part.
Preferably, described fermentation accelerant is made up of sweet potato powder, amylase and lactic acid bacteria.
As preferably, described protective agent is made up of Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis;The mass ratio of described Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis is 1:1.
Preferably, described nourishing additive agent is aminoacid.
As preferably, described aminoacid is lysine, tryptophan, methionine, cysteine, cystine composition, and its mass ratio is 2:1:2:1:1.
Preferably, in described Chinese medicine additive, the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Ganoderma and Rhizoma Gastrodiae is 2:1:1:2:1:1.
Preferably, described in described step (1), the water content of corn straw is 75~80%;The water content of described Herba Medicaginis is 62~68%.
As preferably, in described step (4), the adding proportion of described ensilage and described herb liquid is 50:1/ml.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the present invention is: the lactic acid content in the ensilage (fresh sample) that 1, the present invention is obtained reaches 2% (accounting for dry %), pH value is 3.6~3.8, moisture >=70%, crude protein >=12% (CP, account for dry %), crude fibre 23%~26% (CF accounts for dry %);Feedstuff Main Nutrients is lost in less than 7%;Main Nutrient Quality and its ensiling raw material are close, and nutritive loss is little, has good palatability, and all similar to ensiling raw material corresponding to the feed intake of ruminant, organic matter digestibility and effective energy value, nutritional quality is good;2, owing to the present invention with the addition of Chinese medicine additive after ensilage, there is good health-care effect, can build up resistance well after feed intake, improve it and produce performance, the generation of prevention and preventing and treating domestic animal common disease, to reduce antibiotic a large amount of use, produce relatively green and organic animal product;3, producing meat to be significantly increased, meat is well improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those skilled in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of ensilage, the method comprises the steps:
(1) preparation major ingredient: taking corn straw, Herba Medicaginis dry in the sun, the water content making corn straw is 75~80%;The water content of described Herba Medicaginis is 62~68%;Then corn straw, Herba Medicaginis are chopped up standby;By weight, corn straw 70 parts, Herba Medicaginis 20 parts, 10 parts of wheat bran, fermented bean cake 8 parts are weighed;Semen Maydis powder 3 parts, Maifanitum 0.5 part;
(2) in described major ingredient, fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent are added;It is uniformly mixed so as to obtain just finished product;Wherein, described major ingredient is 100:5:2:2 with the mass ratio of described fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent;Fermentation accelerant is made up of sweet potato powder, amylase and lactic acid bacteria;Wherein sweet potato powder and diastatic mass ratio are 1:1.5;Major ingredient and sweet potato powder mass ratio are 100:3;According to 109Cfu/kg adds lactobacillus preparation;Protective agent is made up of Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis;The mass ratio of described Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis is 1:1, mainly suppresses harmful microbe in silage fermentation process movable, it is prevented that raw material goes mouldy and rots, and reduces the loss of nutrient substance;Nourishing additive agent is aminoacid, and described aminoacid is lysine, tryptophan, methionine, cysteine, cystine composition, and its mass ratio is 2:1:2:1:1, it is therefore an objective to improves ensiling raw material nutritive value, improves the palatability of ensilage;
(3) by described just finished product overlay film parcel, being subsequently placed in sealing container, sealing and fermenting, is carry out at 20~35 DEG C fermenting until obtaining ensilage in temperature;Within about 30~45 days, ensilage can be obtained.
(4) take Chinese medicine additive: be that 2:1:1:2:1 is mixed into Chinese medicine composition according to the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Ganoderma and Rhizoma Gastrodiae, add the water of 8 times amount, utilize conventional water extraction method, concentrate the herb liquid into 1g/ml;Being mixed homogeneously with described ensilage by herb liquid, wherein ensilage is 50:1/ml with the adding proportion of described herb liquid, seals and preserves, namely obtains finished product.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of ensilage, the method comprises the steps:
(1) preparation major ingredient: taking corn straw, Herba Medicaginis dry in the sun, the water content making corn straw is 75~80%;The water content of described Herba Medicaginis is 62~68%;Then corn straw, Herba Medicaginis are chopped up standby;By weight, corn straw 65 parts, Herba Medicaginis 15 parts, 10 parts of wheat bran, fermented bean cake 5 parts are weighed;Semen Maydis powder 2 parts, Maifanitum 0.2 part;
(2) in described major ingredient, fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent are added;It is uniformly mixed so as to obtain just finished product;Wherein, described major ingredient is 100:5:2:2 with the mass ratio of described fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent;Fermentation accelerant is made up of sweet potato powder, amylase and lactic acid bacteria;Wherein sweet potato powder and diastatic mass ratio are 1:1.5;Major ingredient and sweet potato powder mass ratio are 100:3;According to 109Cfu/kg adds lactobacillus preparation;Protective agent is made up of Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis;The mass ratio of described Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis is 1:1, mainly suppresses harmful microbe in silage fermentation process movable, it is prevented that raw material goes mouldy and rots, and reduces the loss of nutrient substance;Nourishing additive agent is aminoacid, and described aminoacid is lysine, tryptophan, methionine, cysteine, cystine composition, and its mass ratio is 2:1:2:1:1, it is therefore an objective to improves ensiling raw material nutritive value, improves the palatability of ensilage;
(3) by described just finished product overlay film parcel, being subsequently placed in sealing container, sealing and fermenting, is carry out at 20~35 DEG C fermenting until obtaining ensilage in temperature;Within about 30~45 days, ensilage can be obtained.
(4) take Chinese medicine additive: be that 3:2:4:1:1 is mixed into Chinese medicine composition according to the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Ganoderma and Rhizoma Gastrodiae, add the water of 8 times amount, utilize conventional water extraction method, concentrate the herb liquid into 1g/ml;Being mixed homogeneously with described ensilage by herb liquid, wherein ensilage is 50:1/ml with the adding proportion of described herb liquid, seals and preserves, namely obtains finished product.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of ensilage, the method comprises the steps:
(1) preparation major ingredient: taking corn straw, Herba Medicaginis dry in the sun, the water content making corn straw is 75~80%;The water content of described Herba Medicaginis is 62~68%;Then corn straw, Herba Medicaginis are chopped up standby;By weight, corn straw 88 parts, Herba Medicaginis 30 parts, 20 parts of wheat bran, fermented bean cake 10 parts are weighed;Semen Maydis powder 5 parts, Maifanitum 1 part;
(2) in described major ingredient, fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent are added;It is uniformly mixed so as to obtain just finished product;Wherein, described major ingredient is 100:5:2:2 with the mass ratio of described fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent;Fermentation accelerant is made up of sweet potato powder, amylase and lactic acid bacteria;Wherein sweet potato powder and diastatic mass ratio are 1:1.5;Major ingredient and sweet potato powder mass ratio are 100:3;According to 109Cfu/kg adds lactobacillus preparation;Protective agent is made up of Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis;The mass ratio of described Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis is 1:1, mainly suppresses harmful microbe in silage fermentation process movable, it is prevented that raw material goes mouldy and rots, and reduces the loss of nutrient substance;Nourishing additive agent is aminoacid, and described aminoacid is lysine, tryptophan, methionine, cysteine, cystine composition, and its mass ratio is 2:1:2:1:1, it is therefore an objective to improves ensiling raw material nutritive value, improves the palatability of ensilage;
(3) by described just finished product overlay film parcel, being subsequently placed in sealing container, sealing and fermenting, is carry out at 20~35 DEG C fermenting until obtaining ensilage in temperature;Within about 30~45 days, ensilage can be obtained.
(4) take Chinese medicine additive: be that 4:2:3:1:2 is mixed into Chinese medicine composition according to the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Ganoderma and Rhizoma Gastrodiae, add the water of 8 times amount, utilize conventional water extraction method, concentrate the herb liquid into 1g/ml;Being mixed homogeneously with described ensilage by herb liquid, wherein ensilage is 50:1/ml with the adding proportion of described herb liquid, seals and preserves, namely obtains finished product.
Adopting conventional method, nutrition composition each in embodiment 1 to 3 is measured, leading indicator is the lactic acid content in (fresh sample), pH value, moisture, crude protein, crude fibre, referring to table 1 below:
Each group embodiment nutrient content measurement result in table 1 experimental period
Matched group
In this matched group, by weight, weighing corn straw 75 parts, Herba Medicaginis 20 parts, 16 parts of wheat bran, fermented bean cake 6 parts, Semen Maydis powder 3 parts, by corn straw, Herba Medicaginis dry in the sun, the water content making corn straw is 75~80%;The water content of described Herba Medicaginis is 62~68%;Then corn straw, Herba Medicaginis are chopped up, according to 109Cfu/kg adds lactobacillus preparation, then overlay film parcel, is placed in sealing container, and sealing and fermenting, is carry out fermentation at 20~35 DEG C to obtain ensilage in 35~55 days in temperature.
By measuring, the lactic acid content 1.2% in (fresh sample), pH value 4.5, moisture 75%, crude protein 9.2% (accounting for dry %), crude fibre 28% (accounting for dry %).As can be seen here, the Main Nutrient Quality of embodiment 1 to 3 and its ensiling raw material are close, and nutritive loss is little, and nutritional quality is better.
Feed experiment contrast
Adopt the design of single-factor random experiment, randomly choose experimental group and matched group.Test period is 40 days, carries out in certain beef cattle field, and preliminary trial period is 7 days.
Select the beef cattle 10 that kind is identical, health is close, be randomly divided into experimental group and matched group, often group 4, raise in same cowshed.Feeding and management carries out according to the feeding and management code of beef cattle field interior-excess row, and concentrate supplies with general measure, free choice feeding.Ensilage feeds embodiment of the present invention gained ensilage 15kg by every cattle of test requirements document experimental group every day, and matched group every cattle feeds conventional ensiling 15kg every day.
In experimental period, test beef cattle increment is in Table 2.
Each group beef cattle growth pattern in table 2 experimental period
Conclusion
As can be seen from Table 2, in experimental period, experimental group on average every adding weight is 1.71kg, adds 1.51kg than matched group, improves 11.7%, and within 40 days experimental periods, than matched group (5), increase weight experimental group (5) 40kg more.
It has been experienced that, adopting the ensilage quality better that the present invention prepares, nutritive loss is few, has certain effect to improving beef cattle growth amount.
It addition, randomly draw the beef of experimental group and matched group, carrying out beef mouthfeel mensuration, after measured, the beef mouthfeel of experimental group is substantially due to matched group, and meat-like flavor is stronger, illustrates, the ensilage that the present invention prepares has certain effect for the improvement of meat.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of an ensilage, it is characterised in that the method comprises the steps:
(1) preparation major ingredient: corn straw, Herba Medicaginis are chopped up;By weight, corn straw 65~88 parts, Herba Medicaginis 15~30 parts, 10~20 parts of wheat bran, fermented bean cake 5~10 parts, Semen Maydis powder 2~5 parts, Maifanitum 0.1~1 part are weighed;
(2) in described major ingredient, fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent are added;It is uniformly mixed so as to obtain just finished product;Wherein, described major ingredient is 100:5:2:2 with the mass ratio of described fermentation accelerant, protective agent and nourishing additive agent;
(3) being placed in sealing container by described just finished product, sealing and fermenting, is carry out at 20~35 DEG C fermenting until obtaining ensilage in temperature;
(4) Chinese medicine additive is taken: according to the Radix Astragali: Radix Polygoni Multiflori: Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis: Ganoderma: the mass ratio that Rhizoma Gastrodiae is 2~4:1~3:2~5:1~2:1~4 is mixed into Chinese medicine composition, add the water of 8 times amount, utilize conventional water extraction method, concentrate the herb liquid into 1g/ml;Herb liquid is mixed homogeneously with described ensilage, seals and preserve, namely obtain finished product.
2. the preparation method of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (1), count by weight, corn straw 70 parts, Herba Medicaginis 20 parts, 10 parts of wheat bran, fermented bean cake 8 parts;Semen Maydis powder 3 parts, Maifanitum 0.5 part.
3. the preparation method of ensilage according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: described fermentation accelerant is made up of sweet potato powder, amylase and lactic acid bacteria.
4. the preparation method of ensilage according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: described protective agent is made up of Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis;The mass ratio of described Bulbus Allii powder and Rhizoma Zingiberis is 1:1.
5. the preparation method of ensilage according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: described nourishing additive agent is aminoacid.
6. the preparation method of ensilage according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described aminoacid is lysine, tryptophan, methionine, cysteine, cystine composition, and its mass ratio is 2:1:2:1:1.
7. the preparation method of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described Chinese medicine additive, the mass ratio of the Radix Astragali, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Ganoderma and Rhizoma Gastrodiae is 2:1:1:2:1:1.
8. the preparation method of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in described step (1), the water content of corn straw is 75~80%;The water content of described Herba Medicaginis is 62~68%.
9. the preparation method of ensilage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (4), the adding proportion of described ensilage and described herb liquid is 50:1/ml.
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CN106212947A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-14 | 习水县格林生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of pig's feed and preparation method thereof |
CN106490354A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-15 | 南宁学院 | A kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage |
CN106561973A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-04-19 | 广西壮族自治区兽医研究所 | Crop straw silage leavening agent and application thereof |
CN106615668A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-05-10 | 佛山佳牧乐科技有限公司 | Silage feed and preparation method of silage feed |
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CN109198181A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-15 | 金塔县金畜源牧业有限公司 | A kind of cornstalk silage manufacture craft |
CN110583868A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-20 | 高安华达牧业有限公司 | Method for preparing silage |
CN111602738A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-01 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | High-moisture alfalfa silage composite additive and use method thereof |
CN111903851A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-10 | 贵州阳光草业科技有限责任公司 | Mixed silage and preparation method thereof |
CN112493206A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Sow feeding method for pagoda pigs |
CN112493206B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-08-26 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Sow feeding method for pagoda pigs |
CN112890020A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-04 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所(山东省农业科学院玉米工程技术研究中心) | Preparation method of whole-plant silage corn feed |
CN113519705A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-10-22 | 合肥职业技术学院 | Silage and preparation method thereof |
CN116195686A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-06-02 | 四川矗牧农业科技发展有限公司 | Silage fermentation material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160629 |