CN105248864A - Mulberry straw silage and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mulberry straw silage and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105248864A CN105248864A CN201510786777.XA CN201510786777A CN105248864A CN 105248864 A CN105248864 A CN 105248864A CN 201510786777 A CN201510786777 A CN 201510786777A CN 105248864 A CN105248864 A CN 105248864A
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Abstract
The invention discloses mulberry straw silage and a preparation method thereof. The silage is prepared from, by weight, 150-200 parts of mulberry straw, 30-35 parts of sunflower stems and leaves, 10-20 parts of sweet potato vines, 30-40 parts of sugarcane tail tips, 30-50 parts of banana leaves, 10-15 parts of spanishneedles herb, and a straw fermenting agent added accounting for 11 g of the total mass of the raw materials per kg. The mulberry leaves are adopted as main raw materials, the sunflower stems and leaves, the sweet potato vines, the sugarcane tail tips, the banana leaves and the spanishneedles herb serve as auxiliary materials, the straw fermenting agent is used for fermenting the raw materials, and a large amount of microorganism mycoprotein and a large number of beneficial metabolites are generated and accumulated. More importantly, under the effect of microorganism strains in the straw fermenting agent, the effects of degrading cellulose and lignin in the mulberry straw and the sugarcane tail tips is achieved, the palatability of the mulberry straw is improved, the digestibility is improved and nutritional ingredients of the silage are enriched jointly through the added sweet potato vines, banana leaves and sunflower stems and leaves, and the mulberry straw silage can be stored for a long time and is not decolored by mould or decayed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of animal feed, be specifically related to a kind of mulberry straw silage and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Ensilage is a class feed, and the plant feed many by moisture content forms after sealing, fermentation, is mainly used in feeding of ruminant animals.Ensilage is than fresh feed for shelf-stable, and nutritional labeling is better than dry feed.In addition, ensilage stores and takes up an area less, does not have fire problem.The development of ensilage, comes from the shortcoming of traditional agriculture Commercial cultivation mode.
Mostly northern China crops are that a season one is ripe, therefore just there will be phenomenon, particularly fresh blue or green fodder grass that fodder grass lacks autumn and winter.Peasant's majority is fed with hay, thisly to feed as mode, significantly reduces nutritional labeling and the palatability of forage grass.Processed by ensiling, the ensilage made is not only blue or green fresh, agreeable to the taste, and solves the puzzlement of autumn and winter forage grass scarcity.
After crops harvesting, a large amount of agricultural crop straws goes out of use or burns, and namely this way wastes resource, again contaminated environment, have impact on the sustainable development of economic society to a certain extent.By raise livestock after crushed stalk being carried out ensiling, ammonification, rubbing a microbial.Both can save feed cost, stalk can also be made to realize abdomen also field by excrement of animals, promoting agricultural benign cycle, is a kind of Land use systems that better results.
Sericulture becomes the emerging strong industry of Guangxi Agricultural, for promoting that growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income and Economic Development at County Level have made significant contribution.Within 2006, mulberry field area jumps and is the first in the nation, and continuous 7 years afterwards keep the whole nation first.Mulberry field area 262.7 ten thousand mu in 2012 is 300,000 mu 8.67 times in 2000.Containing crude protein 5.84% in ramulus mori bar, cellulose 51.48%, lignin 18.18%, half fiber 23.02%, ash content 1.57%, feeding value is higher than other agricultural crop straws.But ramulus mori quality is hard, and palatability is poor, cellulose and lignin combine closely, indigestibility, if consumption exceedes 20% of ruminant, easily cause diarrhoea.
Retrieve following some documents about mulberry straw feed or Folium et Ramulus Mori ensilage or ensilage:
Chinese patent, application number: 201310609321.7; Applicant: Wuxuan, Guangxi Jin Taifeng development in agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd; Denomination of invention: utilize mulberry stalk, mulberry leaf and urea to make the method for stocker biological feedstuff; Summary: the present invention disclose a kind of production method utilizing mulberry stalk, mulberry leaf and urea to make stocker biological feedstuff, comprise the steps: (1) mulberry stalk, mulberry leaf pulverizer pulverizes, mistake screen cloth, gets the particle between 2 ~ 10 orders; (2) particle obtained above adds the urea of its weight 0.5 ~ 1.5%, mixes rear use 120 ~ 125 DEG C of steam treatment 30 ~ 60min, is cooled to less than 30 DEG C, adds Trichoderma viride liquid medium, cultivates 24 ~ 48h; (3) material that step (2) obtains adds the mould liquid medium of healthy and free from worry wood, cultivates 24 ~ 48h; (4) material that step (3) obtains adds lactic acid bacteria liquid medium, seals at least 7 days, obtains stocker biological feedstuff.
Chinese patent, application number: 201410148581.3; Applicant: Co., Ltd of Inst of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural; Denomination of invention: the compound fresh mulberry ensilage of a kind of trace element; Summary: the present invention relates to the compound fresh mulberry ensilage of a kind of trace element, it is characterized in that: after being mixed with wheat bran, trace element premixing feed by the branches and leaves adopting machinery to roll short fresh mulberry, bundling loads in bag silo.The present invention utilizes the biological characteristics of fresh mulberry, then by adding the trace element of overall balance, thus giving ensilage more fully trophism, having good palatability, digestible feature; And fresh mulberry resource can be made full use of by packing and ensiling, solve cost of labor high, not easily process, the realistic problem such as storage, extend fresh mulberry storage period, be convenient to preserve and easy to use, be easy to promote.The present invention utilizes the fresh Folium et Ramulus Mori of Sativa Silage Technology process, both can remain neutraceutical active ingredients, is conducive to again improving animal to its utilization rate, be not only cattle and sheep feed and open new resources, turn waste into wealth, and reduce environmental pollution, there is good economic benefit and social benefit.
Mulberry leaf are as a kind of ruminant feed, existing a lot of scholar's research, as [autograph] mulberry feed fattens meat assorted public lamb Slaughter and physical and chemical index test analysis [author] plum Ning'an, Li Ruchong, Zhang Xueshan, Zhu Wanfu, Liu Zixin etc. [periodical name] Shanghai animal and veterinary communication, 2010, (5): 34-35; The nutritive value of mulberry leaf is very abundant, is rich in several amino acids and ratio is suitable for, and containing multivitamin, mineral matter, amino acid, carbohydrate, string.Data shows, mulberry all has the advantage replacing traditional concentrated feed economically with in nutrition, produces significant, and have some Primary Study to improving beef and mutton quality aspect both at home and abroad with Sang Zuowei ruminant feed to cattle and sheep.In order to inquire into the impact of mulberry Resources as Animal Feedstuffs utilization on quality of mutton, this test utilizes the design of fresh Folium et Ramulus Mori to prepare mulberry pellet and ensilage, substitute the corn of different proportion and whole corn silage material to feed and fatten meat and to mix sheep, by butchering the impact of test analysis on Fattening Sheep Slaughter and meat physical and chemical index, for mulberry Resources as Animal Feedstuffs Appropriate application and improve mutton added value and provide reference frame; [autograph] mulberry leaf exploitation in beef cattle production [author] Gao Yufei, Li Li it, Ou Yangkehui, Xiong little Wen, Xu Lanjiao etc. [periodical name] Chinese Cattle industry science, 2015,41 (1): 68-70; 75; [summary] mulberry yield is high, rich in nutritive value, and the multiple natural active products mass-energy contained improves growth of animal performance, improves immunity of organisms.Develop mulberry leaf and can widen feed resource, improve the contradictions such as China's feed resource shortage and irrational distribution.Herein the nutritive value of mulberry leaf, feeding value and the processing in Animal husbandry production thereof and application are summarized, to providing some to use for reference for China's beef cattle feeding.
Tremble with fear hybrid lamb fattening effect test [author] plum Ning'an in [autograph] Folium et Ramulus Mori mixed silage feed beach of feeding, Liu Zixin, Zhao Hui [periodical name] grass cultivation and herding, 2014, (3): 28-29,32[make a summary] experimental study Folium et Ramulus Mori mixed silage feed on beach tremble with fear mutton hybrid sheep production performance impact and explore feasibility aborning.Select beach tremble with fear hybrid lamb 26, be divided into 2 groups, often organize 13, test group is fed mixed silage, control group fed whole corn silage.Result shows, test group is than control group weightening finish raising 9.02% (P<0.05), and feedstuff-meat ratio reduces by 6.98% (P<0.05), and within 30th, only all increase weight and improve gross profit 7.75 yuan, amplification is 16.32%.Folium et Ramulus Mori mixed silage feed is feasible aborning, and can significantly improve meat hybridization Fattening Sheep production performance.
[autograph] Folium et Ramulus Mori mixed silage feed feed mutton hybrid sheep fattening effect test [author] Liu Zixin, plum Ning'an, Zhao Hui, Pan Wenquan, Bao Yuzhen [periodical name] herding and forage science, 2014,35(2): 50-51[makes a summary] experimental study Folium et Ramulus Mori mixed silage feed to tremble with fear on beach the impact of mutton hybrid sheep production performance, and explore its feasibility aborning.Select beach hybridization of trembling with fear to fatten mutton sheep 26, be divided into 2 groups, often organize 13, test group is fed mixed silage, control group fed whole corn silage.Result of the test shows, test group is than control group only equal daily gain raising 9.2% (P<0.05), feedstuff-meat ratio reduces by 6.98% (P<0.05), it is 16.32% that 30d equal daily gain can improve gross profit 7.75 width, research shows, Folium et Ramulus Mori mixed silage feed is feasible aborning, and can significantly improve meat hybridization Fattening Sheep production performance.
Exploration and application [author] Song Guoxiang [periodical name] farmers' consultant Zhi Zhifu of [autograph] cornstalk silage, 2015,55-56; [summary] ensiling is raised the good reputation of " Grass can ", is characterized in that succulence is agreeable to the taste, and smell acid is fragrant, and digestibility is high, nutritious, is the first-class feed of the domestic animals such as cattle and sheep of feeding.But because of the error or strict of corn straw silage preparation method and sport technique segment, often make the mass difference of corn straw silage comparatively large, thus the production of cattle and sheep and plant is made a big impact.
[autograph] high-quality and efficient ensilage one feeding sugar grass [author] Xu Wenjie, bright [periodical name] the Chinese livestock and poultry kind industry of bag, 2015, (7): 97-97.; Ensilage is the first-selected high-quality green and rough feeds that nutrition is good, can utilize in the four seasons.Forage sorghum is applicability one of Annual forage crop the most widely, can herd or cradle rear green grass or young crops and raise, also can make ensilage or be processed into hay, is one of first-selection of Tongliao City's ensilage plantation.
Can see from above-mentioned document: document 1 and document 2 are the closest technology with the present invention, document 1 is the method utilizing mulberry stalk, mulberry leaf and urea to make stocker biological feedstuff, document 2 is the compound fresh mulberry ensilages of open a kind of trace element, it is all only the stalk of mulberry tree that these two patents relate to, although patent 2 using the branches and leaves of fresh mulberry and wheat bran, trace element as after premixed feed mixes, bundling loads in bag silo, but nutrition is comprehensive not enough, be also not enough to meet the nutrition needed for ruminant growth.Document 3-6 introduces Folium et Ramulus Mori as a kind of ruminant feed and the effect for cattle and sheep aspect of feeding thereof.Document 7-8 is with single raw material, and as the ensilage that maize straw or sugar grass are made, nutritional labeling is single.
Ensilage smell acid perfume, soft and succulency, good palatability, nutritious, to be beneficial to long-term preservation be that domestic animal excellent food is originated.Along with people's deepening continuously to the application study of ensilage, the effect of ensilage in feedstuff industry also will more and more be paid attention to, and novel product will continue to bring out.The new product of exploitation ensilage, tool is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide one with mulberry stalk for primary raw material, using sunflower cauline leaf, sweet potato vine, sugarcane end pin, Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks as auxiliary material, and utilize stover ferment agent to ferment these raw materials, can produce and accumulate a large amount of microbial bacteria body proteins and useful metabolite.The more important thing is the effect utilizing microorganism fungus kind in stover ferment agent, play degraded mulberry stalk and sugarcane end pin in cellulose and lignin while, the present invention adds sweet potato vine, Banana Leaf and sunflower cauline leaf, common improve mulberry stalk palatability, improve digestibility and enrich the nutritional labeling of ensilage, and can long term storage and corruption of not going mouldy.
The present invention is achieved in that
Mulberry straw silage, comprises the raw material of following parts by weight:
Mulberry stalk 150-200 part;
Sunflower cauline leaf 30-35 part;
Sweet potato vine 10-20 part;
Sugarcane end pin 30-40 part;
Banana Leaf 30-50 part;
Beggar-ticks 10-15 part;
Stover ferment agent adds in the ratio of the 8-11g/kg of the gross mass of above-mentioned raw materials.
Described mulberry stalk is the mulberry stalk of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 65% ~ 70%; Described sunflower cauline leaf is the sunflower cauline leaf of fresh harvest; Described sweet potato vine is the sweet potato vine of fresh harvest; Described sugarcane end pin is the sugarcane end pin of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 65% ~ 70%; Described Banana Leaf to be water content be 65 ~ 70% Banana Leaf; Described beggar-ticks to be water content be 65 ~ 70% beggar-ticks; Stover ferment agent is made up of saccharomycete, anaerobic bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus acidi lactici, streptococcus lactis, Lactobacillus casei, streptococcus lactis, bacillus licheniformis, and above-mentioned bacterial weight ratio is 2:2:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 respectively.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of mulberry straw silage, comprising the steps:
(1) getting fresh mulberry stalk, fresh cane end pin, fresh sunflower cauline leaf and fresh sweet potato vine prescinds to 1-2cm, for subsequent use;
(2) prescind to 4-6cm by Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks sweet potato vine, airing, to leather hard, obtains half-dried Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks;
(3) take the mulberry stalk of step (1) gained, sugarcane end pin, sunflower cauline leaf and sweet potato vine by the material rate of above-mentioned parts by weight, the half-dried Banana Leaf of step (2) gained and beggar-ticks, and mixing and stirring, obtain mixture;
(4) pour 1Kg stover ferment agent into 30Kg dilution with water for subsequent use, and continue to add corn flour according to the part by weight of 1Kg stover ferment agent interpolation 15Kg corn flour in water, stir, obtain mixed liquor; The mixture of step (3) gained is spread out 25-30cm thick, mixed liquor of splashing, compacting, up mixture is spread out 25-30cm thicker, mixed liquor of splashing, finally make moisture content of straws remain between 45% ~ 60%, namely hold stalk with hand-tight, sensation has watermark on hand but not having water one-tenth to drip is as the criterion; Finally obtain total mixture;
(5) with the total mixture bundling compacting that step (4) obtains by baler, the air of storeroom is discharged, reduce the space in bale to greatest extent; Bale special ensiling polybag stretched film is wrapped up; After the pack of ensiling raw material, be stored in drying, draughty warehouse, separate with ground, during stacking, bottom plank paves, and leaves ground, more than wall 20cm; Under normal temperature condition, ensiling 30-35 days; Under the low temperature condition of less than 20 DEG C, ensiling 60-65 days; I.e. ensiling complete ripeness.
Described special ensiling polybag is PEF or polyester plastics bag.
The general designation of upper 2-3 the tender joint in top and dark green blade when sugarcane end pin is sugarcane harvesting, weight be about sugarcane heavy 10%, for the byproduct of Sugarcane Industry, containing sugar, protein, the various vitamins such as 20 several amino acids, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin B6, nicotinic acid, folic acid, pantothenic acid.Fiber children is tender, and taste is sweet, agreeable to the taste, and the happiness of ox ox is eaten.Long-term practice proves, sugarcane end pin feeds ox, have short length, laying on meat, lactation amount sustainable growth and moisten the lung and relieve the cough, the effect such as health care.The Sugarcane Industry in Guangxi provides estimable large green forage resource for southern Winter-Spring withered grass season.
Sunflower can produce the byproducts such as a large amount of leaves, stem stalk and cot every year, and prove according to a large amount of scientific researches and the means of production, sunflower byproduct is nutritious, is the good feed of stock raising through processing.In the Soviet Union, herding worker is with the ensiling of sunflower disk Fodder making.This ensiling acidity is low, smell good, is used for replacement of corn ensiling to feed milk cow and do not reduce the fat content of the amount of milking and milk.Sunflower cauline leaf powder gross protein value is 12.28%, crude fat content is 3.84%, coarse-fibred content is 11.45%, the content of NFE is 42.62%, crude ash content is 20.08%, the content of calcium, phosphorus is respectively 5.11%, 0.27%, is the supplement feed of a kind of good mineral matter particularly calcium.Sunflower cauline leaf is a kind of nutritious, feed that value is higher, and its nutritive value is higher than roughages such as green hay, corn stalk, Wheat Straw, similar to the nutrient content of alfalfa hay.
Ipomoea batatas original name sweet potato (
ipmoeabatatasLam.), belong to tubular flower order Convolvulaceae Ipomoea annual herb plant, originate in America, have another name called sweet potato, sweet potato, pachyrhizus etc., be grain important in the world and feed, due to features such as its stable high yield, strong, the easy cultivations of anti-disaster ability after successor China, become the important cereal crops of China and forage crop, China has been the country that Ipomoea batatas cultivated area is maximum in the world at present, and cultivated area is at 6,700,000 hm
2above, output accounts for global more than 80%, and sweet potato vine is the cauline leaf part of Ipomoea batatas, belongs to the byproduct of Ipomoea batatas, and stock number is also very huge, can produce sweet potato vine 2,000 ten thousand about t every year.All show that sweet potato stem leaf has removing toxic substances, stimulates digestion, protects alimentary canal, prevents the effects such as cardiovascular fat deposition according to China's Chinese medicine made and modern medicine and pharmacology research; sweet potato vine contains the mineral elements such as abundant carrotene, vitamin C, Bl, B2 and iron, calcium, magnesium, is very excellent livestock and poultry feed.
The banana annual production in Guangxi more than 3,000,000 tons, the simultaneously banana stem leaves of the up to ten million ton of by-product.Crude protein content 6 ~ 12% in banana stem leaves dry, crude fibre 20 ~ 30%, crude fat 1 ~ 5%, ash content 12 ~ 25%, ruminant can digest banana stem leaves preferably, is 65% to the digestibility of leaf, be 75% to the digestibility of stem, thus banana stem leaves is a kind of feed with potentiality to be exploited.
Beggar-ticks, [Classification system]
bidenspilosaL., [another name] terrible hairpin grass, shrimp claw plant, the crab claw are careless, to fork grass, sticky people's grass, adhesion is sub, bean dregs are careless, is composite family Bidens plant.[nature and flavor] bitter; Cold nature.[return through] returns liver, lung, large intestine channel.[function with cure mainly] is clearing heat and detoxicating, eliminating stasis to subdue swelling.For appendicitis, ephritis, malaria, cholecystitis, enteritis, stomach trouble, bacillary dysentery, hepatitis, peritonitis, the infection of the upper respiratory tract, tonsillitis, laryngitis, amenorrhoea, scalds, venomous snake bite, traumatic injury, skin infection, the disease such as child convulsion, infantile malnutrition due to digestive disturbances or intestinalparasites.Its beggar-ticks active ingredient is anthraquinone glycoside.Young stem and leaf can eat as vegetables, has effect that is hypotensive, reducing blood lipid.Bidens pilosa is extremely low to the requirement of environment, as long as ground moistening, at area, Wuxuan, the Laibin city of Guangxi four seasons all well-growns, is generally born in by village, in roadside and wasteland, output is high.Through the monitoring of Guangxi feed, institute analyzes mensuration, (on September 6th, 2006 sample nature dry), bidens pilosa grass meal moisture content 10.80%, coarse ash 11.44%, crude protein 15.60%, crude fibre 11.50%, crude fat 2.20%, calcium 2.21%, phosphorus 0.42%.Alfalfa Block moisture content 10.40%, crude protein 15.70%, crude fibre 23.90%, calcium 1.25%, phosphorus 0.23%.From above data, relatively, calcium, the phosphorus content of bidens pilosa are slightly high in the nutrition of the two.
Principle of the present invention is: ensilage seals through overcompaction, inner shortage oxygen.After lactobacillus-fermented decomposes carbohydrate, the further deaeration of carbon dioxide of generation, the lactic acid of secretion makes feed be that faintly acid (pH value 3.5-4.2) can suppress other growth of microorganism effectively.Finally, lactic acid bacteria is also suppressed by the lactic acid that self produces, and sweat stops, and feed enters storage-stable.But the nutrient component damages such as the sugar now in raw material are also little.
Compared with prior art, good effect of the present invention is:
1, the invention provides one with mulberry stalk for primary raw material, using sunflower cauline leaf, sweet potato vine, sugarcane end pin, Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks as auxiliary material, and utilize stover ferment agent to ferment these raw materials, produce and accumulate a large amount of microbial bacteria body proteins and useful metabolite.The more important thing is the effect utilizing microorganism fungus kind in stover ferment agent, play degraded mulberry stalk and sugarcane end pin in cellulose and lignin while, the present invention adds sweet potato vine, Banana Leaf and sunflower cauline leaf, common improve mulberry stalk palatability, improve digestibility and enrich the nutritional labeling of ensilage, and can long term storage and corruption of not going mouldy.
2, stover ferment agent of the present invention ferments these crop by-products (mulberry stalk, sunflower cauline leaf, sweet potato vine, sugarcane end pin, Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks etc.), improve the palatability of mulberry stalk, and can produce and accumulate a large amount of microbial bacteria body proteins and useful metabolite, as amino acid, organic acid, immunoglobulin (Ig), vitamin, digestive ferment, the trace element of activation and multiple somatomedin, the nutritive value of mulberry stalk can be significantly improved, simple, saving of work and time, be convenient to long-term preservation and long-distance transportation, resource can be made full use of, save feed grain again, reduce aquaculture cost, and the probio environment that beneficial flora is built can improve immunity and the anti-stress ability of livestock and poultry, reduce M & M, improve the economic benefit of cultivation.
3, the beggar-ticks in the present invention, as one of auxiliary material, is of high nutritive value, good palatability, heat-clearing, removing toxic substances, the anti-diarrhea medicinal powder stasis of blood, detumescence, may be used for the malaria, hepatitis, stomach trouble etc. for the treatment of ruminant.
4, the present invention is compared with common ensilage, with the addition of sweet potato vine, sunflower cauline leaf, beggar-ticks, has enriched the nutritional labeling of ensilage, contains the mineral elements such as abundant carrotene, vitamin C, Bl, B2 and iron, calcium, magnesium as sweet potato vine; Sunflower cauline leaf powder gross protein value is 12.28%, crude fat content is 3.84%, coarse-fibred content is 11.45%, the content of NFE is 42.62%, crude ash content is 20.08%, and the content of calcium, phosphorus is respectively 5.11%, 0.27%, mineral matter particularly calcium can be provided for ruminant, promote skeleton development; Bidens pilosa can substitute usual Alfalfa, and the calcium of bidens pilosa, phosphorus content are all slightly high than Alfalfa, and price also more cheap than Alfalfa 2 times, what is more important beggar-ticks can treat the malaria, hepatitis, stomach trouble etc. of ruminant.
5, ensilage good palatability of the present invention.Mulberry stalk of the present invention is after fermentable, and quality becomes soft, and has sour cordiale smell, and palatability significantly improves, and enhances the appetite of cattle and sheep etc.Compared with untreated stalk, general grazing speed can improve 43%, and feed intake can increase by more than 20%.
6, ensilage nutritive value of the present invention and digestibility high.After fermentable, the cellulose in stalk and lignin portion are degraded, and the composite construction of cellulose wood quality is broken simultaneously, improves nutritive value and the digestibility of stalk, makes stalk become high-quality feed, promote weightening finish.
7, ensilage of the present invention is long for storage period.Stover ferment agent of the present invention can utilize the carbohydrate in stalk to ferment rapidly, and breeding is fast, becomes acid effect strong, has good anti-corruption and mildew-resistant ability.Stalk is after microbial fermentation, and can form a large amount of organic acids, these organic acids have very strong bactericidal ability, therefore the Micro-storedstalk feed of fermentation not easily goes mouldy, and can preserve for a long time.
8, kind, thick smart scientific and reasonable collocation.Various crop stalk of the present invention mixed culture fermentation, mulberry stalk, sunflower cauline leaf, sweet potato vine, sugarcane end pin, Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks mixed culture fermentation, and the product being added with the nutrition of corn flour height in the middle of the process of fermentation.Straw feed rich in nutrition content after fermentation, the acid fragrance taste in aroma, good palatability.And containing profitable probliotics, the intestinal environment of livestock and poultry can be improved, improve immunity, growth rapidly, increases the benefit of raiser greatly.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Mulberry straw silage, comprises the raw material of following parts by weight:
Mulberry stalk 150 parts;
Sunflower cauline leaf 30 parts;
Sweet potato vine 10 parts;
Sugarcane end pin 30 parts;
Banana Leaf 30 parts;
Beggar-ticks 10 parts;
Stover ferment agent adds in the ratio of the 8g/kg of the gross mass of above-mentioned raw materials.
Described mulberry stalk is the mulberry stalk of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 65%; Described sunflower cauline leaf is the sunflower cauline leaf of fresh harvest; Described sweet potato vine is the sweet potato vine of fresh harvest; Described sugarcane end pin is the sugarcane end pin of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 65%; Described Banana Leaf to be water content be 65% Banana Leaf; Described beggar-ticks to be water content be 65% beggar-ticks; Stover ferment agent is made up of saccharomycete, anaerobic bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus acidi lactici, streptococcus lactis, Lactobacillus casei, streptococcus lactis, bacillus licheniformis, and above-mentioned bacterial weight ratio is 2:2:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 respectively.
A preparation method for mulberry straw silage, comprises the steps:
(1) getting fresh mulberry stalk, fresh cane end pin, fresh sunflower cauline leaf and fresh sweet potato vine prescinds to 1-2cm, for subsequent use;
(2) prescind to 4-6cm by Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks sweet potato vine, airing, to leather hard, obtains half-dried Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks;
(3) take the mulberry stalk of step (1) gained, sugarcane end pin, sunflower cauline leaf and sweet potato vine by the material rate of above-mentioned parts by weight, the half-dried Banana Leaf of step (2) gained and beggar-ticks, and mixing and stirring, obtain mixture;
(4) pour 1Kg stover ferment agent into 30Kg dilution with water for subsequent use, and continue to add corn flour according to the part by weight of 1Kg stover ferment agent interpolation 15Kg corn flour in water, stir, obtain mixed liquor; The mixture of step (3) gained is spread out 25-30cm thick, mixed liquor of splashing, compacting, up mixture is spread out 25-30cm thicker, mixed liquor of splashing, finally make moisture content of straws remain on 45%, namely hold stalk with hand-tight, sensation has watermark on hand but not having water one-tenth to drip is as the criterion; Finally obtain total mixture;
(5) with the total mixture bundling compacting that step (4) obtains by baler, the air of storeroom is discharged, reduce the space in bale to greatest extent; Bale special ensiling polybag stretched film is wrapped up; After the pack of ensiling raw material, be stored in drying, draughty warehouse, separate with ground, during stacking, bottom plank paves, and leaves ground, more than wall 20cm; Under normal temperature condition, ensiling 30-35 days; Under the low temperature condition of less than 20 DEG C, ensiling 60-65 days; I.e. ensiling complete ripeness.
Described special ensiling polybag is PEF polybag.
Embodiment 2
Mulberry straw silage, comprises the raw material of following parts by weight:
Mulberry stalk 180 parts;
Sunflower cauline leaf 325 parts;
Sweet potato vine 15 parts;
Sugarcane end pin 35 parts;
Banana Leaf 40 parts;
Beggar-ticks 13 parts;
Stover ferment agent adds in the ratio of the 10g/kg of the gross mass of above-mentioned raw materials.
Described mulberry stalk is the mulberry stalk of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 68%; Described sunflower cauline leaf is the sunflower cauline leaf of fresh harvest; Described sweet potato vine is the sweet potato vine of fresh harvest; Described sugarcane end pin is the sugarcane end pin of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 68%; Described Banana Leaf to be water content be 68% Banana Leaf; Described beggar-ticks to be water content be 68% beggar-ticks; Stover ferment agent is made up of saccharomycete, anaerobic bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus acidi lactici, streptococcus lactis, Lactobacillus casei, streptococcus lactis, bacillus licheniformis, and above-mentioned bacterial weight ratio is 2:2:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 respectively.
A preparation method for mulberry straw silage, comprises the steps:
(1) getting fresh mulberry stalk, fresh cane end pin, fresh sunflower cauline leaf and fresh sweet potato vine prescinds to 1-2cm, for subsequent use;
(2) prescind to 4-6cm by Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks sweet potato vine, airing, to leather hard, obtains half-dried Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks;
(3) take the mulberry stalk of step (1) gained, sugarcane end pin, sunflower cauline leaf and sweet potato vine by the material rate of above-mentioned parts by weight, the half-dried Banana Leaf of step (2) gained and beggar-ticks, and mixing and stirring, obtain mixture;
(4) pour 1Kg stover ferment agent into 30Kg dilution with water for subsequent use, and continue to add corn flour according to the part by weight of 1Kg stover ferment agent interpolation 15Kg corn flour in water, stir, obtain mixed liquor; The mixture of step (3) gained is spread out 25-30cm thick, mixed liquor of splashing, compacting, up mixture is spread out 25-30cm thicker, mixed liquor of splashing, finally make moisture content of straws remain on 55%, namely hold stalk with hand-tight, sensation has watermark on hand but not having water one-tenth to drip is as the criterion; Finally obtain total mixture;
(5) with the total mixture bundling compacting that step (4) obtains by baler, the air of storeroom is discharged, reduce the space in bale to greatest extent; Bale special ensiling polybag stretched film is wrapped up; After the pack of ensiling raw material, be stored in drying, draughty warehouse, separate with ground, during stacking, bottom plank paves, and leaves ground, more than wall 20cm; Under normal temperature condition, ensiling 30-35 days; Under the low temperature condition of less than 20 DEG C, ensiling 60-65 days; I.e. ensiling complete ripeness.
Described special ensiling polybag is PEF polybag.
Embodiment 3
Mulberry straw silage, comprises the raw material of following parts by weight:
Mulberry stalk 200 parts;
Sunflower cauline leaf 35 parts;
Sweet potato vine 20 parts;
Sugarcane end pin 40 parts;
Banana Leaf 50 parts;
Beggar-ticks 15 parts;
Stover ferment agent adds in the ratio of the 11g/kg of the gross mass of above-mentioned raw materials.
Described mulberry stalk is the mulberry stalk of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 70%; Described sunflower cauline leaf is the sunflower cauline leaf of fresh harvest; Described sweet potato vine is the sweet potato vine of fresh harvest; Described sugarcane end pin is the sugarcane end pin of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 70%; Described Banana Leaf to be water content be 70% Banana Leaf; Described beggar-ticks to be water content be 70% beggar-ticks; Stover ferment agent is made up of saccharomycete, anaerobic bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus acidi lactici, streptococcus lactis, Lactobacillus casei, streptococcus lactis, bacillus licheniformis, and above-mentioned bacterial weight ratio is 2:2:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 respectively.
A preparation method for mulberry straw silage, comprises the steps:
(1) getting fresh mulberry stalk, fresh cane end pin, fresh sunflower cauline leaf and fresh sweet potato vine prescinds to 1-2cm, for subsequent use;
(2) prescind to 4-6cm by Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks sweet potato vine, airing, to leather hard, obtains half-dried Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks;
(3) take the mulberry stalk of step (1) gained, sugarcane end pin, sunflower cauline leaf and sweet potato vine by the material rate of above-mentioned parts by weight, the half-dried Banana Leaf of step (2) gained and beggar-ticks, and mixing and stirring, obtain mixture;
(4) pour 1Kg stover ferment agent into 30Kg dilution with water for subsequent use, and continue to add corn flour according to the part by weight of 1Kg stover ferment agent interpolation 15Kg corn flour in water, stir, obtain mixed liquor; The mixture of step (3) gained is spread out 25-30cm thick, mixed liquor of splashing, compacting, up mixture is spread out 25-30cm thicker, mixed liquor of splashing, finally make moisture content of straws remain on 60%, namely hold stalk with hand-tight, sensation has watermark on hand but not having water one-tenth to drip is as the criterion; Finally obtain total mixture;
(5) with the total mixture bundling compacting that step (4) obtains by baler, the air of storeroom is discharged, reduce the space in bale to greatest extent; Bale special ensiling polybag stretched film is wrapped up; After the pack of ensiling raw material, be stored in drying, draughty warehouse, separate with ground, during stacking, bottom plank paves, and leaves ground, more than wall 20cm; Under normal temperature condition, ensiling 30-35 days; Under the low temperature condition of less than 20 DEG C, ensiling 60-65 days; I.e. ensiling complete ripeness.
Described special ensiling polybag is polyester plastics bag.
effect example:
Get ensilage of the present invention, mulberry stalk particle, hybrid giant napier, bagasse puts into beef cattle cowshed simultaneously, allow ox freely take food, result beef cattle only selects ensilage of the present invention, and selects mulberry stalk particle, hybrid giant napier or bagasse without a head of cattle.
Get following diet 20 oxen, sooner or later give twice feed every day, the daily gain situation of ox is as shown in the table:
Ensilage color and luster of the present invention is yellowish, smell delicate fragrance, and quality is soft, and easily by ruminant digestion, be used for separately cattle feeding, daily gain is obvious.
Claims (5)
1. mulberry straw silage, is characterized in that, comprises the raw material of following parts by weight:
Mulberry stalk 150-200 part;
Sunflower cauline leaf 30-35 part;
Sweet potato vine 10-20 part;
Sugarcane end pin 30-40 part;
Banana Leaf 30-50 part;
Beggar-ticks 10-15 part;
Stover ferment agent adds in the ratio of the 8-11g/kg of the gross mass of above-mentioned raw materials.
2. mulberry straw silage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mulberry stalk is the mulberry stalk of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 65% ~ 70%; Described sunflower cauline leaf is the sunflower cauline leaf of fresh harvest; Described sweet potato vine is the sweet potato vine of fresh harvest; Described sugarcane end pin is the sugarcane end pin of fresh harvest, controls moisture content 65% ~ 70%; Described Banana Leaf to be water content be 65 ~ 70% Banana Leaf; Described beggar-ticks to be water content be 65 ~ 70% beggar-ticks.
3. mulberry straw silage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: stover ferment agent is made up of saccharomycete, anaerobic bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus acidi lactici, streptococcus lactis, Lactobacillus casei, streptococcus lactis, bacillus licheniformis, above-mentioned bacterial weight ratio is 2:2:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 respectively.
4. mulberry straw silage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of this mulberry straw silage, comprises the steps:
(1) getting fresh mulberry stalk, fresh cane end pin, fresh sunflower cauline leaf and fresh sweet potato vine prescinds to 1-2cm, for subsequent use;
(2) prescind to 4-6cm by Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks sweet potato vine, airing, to leather hard, obtains half-dried Banana Leaf and beggar-ticks;
(3) take the mulberry stalk of step (1) gained, sugarcane end pin, sunflower cauline leaf and sweet potato vine by the material rate of above-mentioned parts by weight, the half-dried Banana Leaf of step (2) gained and beggar-ticks, and mixing and stirring, obtain mixture;
(4) pour 1Kg stover ferment agent into 30Kg dilution with water for subsequent use, and continue to add corn flour according to the part by weight of 1Kg stover ferment agent interpolation 15Kg corn flour in water, stir, obtain mixed liquor; The mixture of step (3) gained is spread out 25-30cm thick, mixed liquor of splashing, compacting, then it is thick up mixture to be spread out 25-30cm, mixed liquor of splashing, finally makes moisture content of straws remain between 45% ~ 60%, obtain total mixture;
(5) with the total mixture bundling compacting that step (4) obtains by baler, the air of storeroom is discharged, reduce the space in bale to greatest extent; Bale special ensiling polybag stretched film is wrapped up; After the pack of ensiling raw material, be stored in drying, draughty warehouse, separate with ground, during stacking, bottom plank paves, and leaves ground, more than wall 20cm; Under normal temperature condition, ensiling 30-35 days; Under the low temperature condition of less than 20 DEG C, ensiling 60-65 days; I.e. ensiling complete ripeness.
5. mulberry straw silage according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described special ensiling polybag is PEF or polyester plastics bag.
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| CN106260626A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-01-04 | 韦忠 | A kind of hybrid sheep culturing feed |
| CN108835393A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-11-20 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广总站 | Mixed fermentation type Folium et Ramulus Mori microbiological fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN111328912A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Silage containing broussonetia papyrifera leaves and banana stems and leaves as well as preparation and application of silage |
| CN111903851A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-10 | 贵州阳光草业科技有限责任公司 | Mixed silage and preparation method thereof |
| CN112335786A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-09 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Marigold stem leaf feed with acid aroma smell and preparation method thereof |
| CN112754046A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-07 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106212893A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-14 | 辛兵 | The method preparing fermented feed with straw mixing blackstrap, lactic acid, yeast |
| CN106260626A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-01-04 | 韦忠 | A kind of hybrid sheep culturing feed |
| CN108835393A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-11-20 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广总站 | Mixed fermentation type Folium et Ramulus Mori microbiological fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108835393B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2021-08-31 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广总站 | Mixed fermentation type mulberry branch and leaf micro-storage feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN111328912A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-26 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Silage containing broussonetia papyrifera leaves and banana stems and leaves as well as preparation and application of silage |
| CN111903851A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-10 | 贵州阳光草业科技有限责任公司 | Mixed silage and preparation method thereof |
| CN112335786A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-09 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Marigold stem leaf feed with acid aroma smell and preparation method thereof |
| CN112754046A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-07 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof |
| CN113545422A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-26 | 江苏牧迪饲料有限公司 | Cattle and sheep feed prepared from sugarcane tail leaves and preparation process thereof |
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