CN112754046A - Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112754046A CN112754046A CN202110200229.XA CN202110200229A CN112754046A CN 112754046 A CN112754046 A CN 112754046A CN 202110200229 A CN202110200229 A CN 202110200229A CN 112754046 A CN112754046 A CN 112754046A
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- Prior art keywords
- silage
- dry
- semi
- pennisetum alopecuroides
- pennisetum
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- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 244000062720 Pennisetum compressum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920006302 stretch film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000209046 Pennisetum Species 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a half-dry silage of high and big Chinese pennisetum and a preparation method thereof. The harvested fresh high-content pennisetum alopecuroides is prepared by air drying, kneading, chopping, bundling and coating, and has the advantages of convenience in storage, long storage and utilization time and less nutrient loss. The method has wide application and popularization of the silage wrapped by the stretch film, and plays an important role in the safety of livestock feed and the sustainable development of southern grassland animal husbandry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pasture storage, in particular to semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The dry and wet seasons of Yunnan are clear, and the seasons of grass and livestock are contradictory and sharp. The development of grass products lags behind under the influence of terrain and climate environment. With the continuous development of the animal husbandry in Yunnan province, the contradiction between grass and livestock becomes prominent, the variety of high-quality pasture is lacked, and the weak research on the processing technology of grass products becomes a bottleneck limiting the development of the animal husbandry in Yunnan province.
The pennisetum fresh grass has high content of crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract and ash content, is rich in nutrition, is high-grade forage grass, and is favored by animals such as cattle, sheep, rabbits, geese, fishes and the like. Because of the advantages of drought resistance, salt resistance, moisture resistance, low disease incidence rate, low requirement on soil conditions, rapid growth and the like, the feed is widely popularized and cultivated in southern China provinces and serves as a good feed source for herbivorous livestock and fish.
The semi-dry silage is also called high-moisture silage, the moisture content of the feed is 60-75% in general silage, and the semi-dry silage is pre-dried after the silage is cut, so that the silage is carried out when the moisture content of the raw material is reduced to 40-60%. Its storage principle is different from that of general ensiling lactic acid bacteria fermentation, and in this relatively dry condition, the feed can make physiological drying and anaerobic environment for microbe in closed ensiling cellar. Due to predrying, the fermentation effect is inhibited, and particularly the propagation of harmful microorganism flora such as butyric acid bacteria, saprophytic bacteria and the like is inhibited, so that the butyric acid in the silage is obviously reduced; meanwhile, the nutrient loss caused by seepage of high-moisture silage can be overcome. Therefore, during ensiling, microbial fermentation is weaker, protein decomposition is less, and the amount of organic acid produced is less. During semi-dry ensiling, the change of the sugar content in the raw materials and the lactic acid content or the pH value generated in the ensiling process is not very important, so that the range of the raw materials is enlarged compared with the common ensiling method, and the raw materials which are considered to be difficult to ensile in the common ensiling method can be better stored by the semi-dry ensiling method. However, since some harmful microorganisms such as mold and the like can still propagate in large quantities under the water content, the semi-dry ensiling still needs to pay attention to the compaction of raw materials to ensure high anaerobic conditions. Aiming at the problems of shortage of high-quality pasture varieties and weak research on grass product processing technology in the development process of animal husbandry in Yunnan province, the demand for the high and large pennisetum semi-dry silage and the preparation method thereof is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and the preparation method thereof, the semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage is developed by adopting a stretching film wrapping silage technology, and the problems of insufficient forage grass supply and poor quality in winter and spring in animal husbandry production are solved.
According to the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage is prepared by airing, kneading, chopping, bundling and coating pennisetum alopecuroides, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, harvesting fresh grass of high-altitude pennisetum alopecuroides, and airing until the water content is 50-70%;
step 2, kneading and cutting the high and big pennisetum alopecuroides dried in the step 1 by adopting a straw kneading and cutting machine, wherein the length of the high and big pennisetum alopecuroides is 1-2 cm;
step 3, compacting and bundling the high pennisetum processed in the step 2 into a straw bundle with a ensiling round baler at high density;
and 4, tightly wrapping and sealing the bales bundled in the step 3 by using a plastic stretch film through a round bale wrapping machine, and storing properly after the manufacture is finished.
Further, in the step 2, the rotating speed of the straw rubbing hay cutter is 2280 r/min.
Further, in step 3, the bale size specification of the silage round baler: the length X width X height is 520mm X520 mm.
Further, in step 4, the length of the envelope size of the round bale film wrapping machine is 520mm by 520 mm.
Further, in step 4, at least 4 layers of plastic stretch films are adopted for wrapping by the round bale film wrapping machine.
Further, in step 4, each of the bale of grass weighs 35 kg/bale.
A pennisetum alopecuroides stretch film wrapped silage is prepared by the preparation method through airing, extruding, rubbing, bundling and film wrapping.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a high-content pennisetum semi-dry silage and a preparation method thereof, wherein the harvested high-content pennisetum semi-dry silage is prepared by air drying, wire kneading, chopping, bundling and coating, has better storage conditions, storage and utilization time and the maximum storage and utilization period of tensile film wrapped silage, and plays an important role in the wide application and popularization of tensile film wrapped silage, the safety of livestock feeds and the sustainable development of southern grassland animal husbandry.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A semi-dried silage of high and big Chinese pennisetum is prepared from the high and big Chinese pennisetum through air drying, kneading, chopping, bundling and coating.
Example 2
A preparation method of pennisetum alopecuroides semi-dry silage comprises the following steps:
step 1, harvesting fresh grass of high-altitude pennisetum alopecuroides, and airing until the water content is 50-70%;
step 2, kneading and cutting the high and big pennisetum alopecuroides dried in the step 1 by adopting a straw kneading and cutting machine, wherein the length of the high and big pennisetum alopecuroides is 1-2 cm; the type of the straw rubbing and cutting machine: 9RSZ-6, the rotating speed is 2280 r/min.
Step 3, compacting and bundling the high pennisetum processed in the step 2 into a straw bundle with a ensiling round baler at high density; the model of the ensiling round baler is MK5050-G, and the size and the specification of the bales are as follows: the length X width X height is 520mm X520 mm.
And 4, tightly wrapping and sealing the bales bundled in the step 3 by using a plastic stretch film through a round bale film wrapping machine, wherein the model of the round bale film wrapping machine is YBS-5050, and the length and the width of a wrapping film are 520mm and 520 mm. The round bale film wrapping machine adopts 3 layers of plastic stretch films for wrapping. The weight of each bale of grass was 35 kg/bale. After the preparation is finished, the product is properly stored.
Example 3
A preparation method of pennisetum alopecuroides semi-dry silage comprises the following steps:
step 1, harvesting fresh grass of high-altitude pennisetum alopecuroides, and airing until the water content is 50-70%;
step 2, kneading and cutting the high and big pennisetum alopecuroides dried in the step 1 by adopting a straw kneading and cutting machine, wherein the length of the high and big pennisetum alopecuroides is 1-2 cm; the type of the straw rubbing and cutting machine: 9RSZ-6, the rotating speed is 2280 r/min.
Step 3, compacting and bundling the high pennisetum processed in the step 2 into a straw bundle with a ensiling round baler at high density; the model of the ensiling round baler is MK5050-G, and the size and the specification of the bales are as follows: the length X width X height is 520mm X520 mm.
And 4, tightly wrapping and sealing the bales bundled in the step 3 by using a plastic stretch film through a round bale film wrapping machine, wherein the model of the round bale film wrapping machine is YBS-5050, and the length and the width of a wrapping film are 520mm and 520 mm. The round bale film wrapping machine adopts 4 layers of plastic stretch films for wrapping. The weight of each bale of grass was 35 kg/bale. After the preparation is finished, the product is properly stored.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage is characterized in that the semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage is prepared by air drying, filament kneading, chopping, bundling and film coating of the pennisetum alopecuroides.
2. The method for preparing the semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step 1, harvesting fresh grass of high-altitude pennisetum alopecuroides, and airing until the water content is 50-70%;
step 2, kneading and cutting the high and big pennisetum alopecuroides dried in the step 1 by adopting a straw kneading and cutting machine, wherein the length of the high and big pennisetum alopecuroides is 1-2 cm;
step 3, compacting and bundling the high pennisetum processed in the step 2 into a straw bundle with a ensiling round baler at high density;
and 4, tightly wrapping and sealing the bales bundled in the step 3 by using a plastic stretch film through a round bale wrapping machine, and storing properly after the manufacture is finished.
3. The method for preparing semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the straw rubbing hay cutter rotates at 2280 r/min.
4. The method for preparing semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step 3, the bale size specification of the silage round baler is as follows: the length X width X height is 520mm X520 mm.
5. The method for preparing the semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step 4, the round bale film wrapping machine adopts at least 4 layers of plastic stretch film for wrapping.
6. The method for preparing semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step 4, each bale of grass weighs 35 kg/bale.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110200229.XA CN112754046A (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2021-02-23 | Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110200229.XA CN112754046A (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2021-02-23 | Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112754046A true CN112754046A (en) | 2021-05-07 |
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| CN202110200229.XA Pending CN112754046A (en) | 2021-02-23 | 2021-02-23 | Semi-dry pennisetum alopecuroides silage and preparation method thereof |
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