CN106490354A - A kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to animal feed makes field, the method that more particularly to a kind of utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage；Comprise the following steps：(1) dehydration (2) spice (3) filler (4) storage；The pineapple peel ensilage of the present invention, fresh and tender succulence, good palatability, digestibility is high, and relative to traditional ensiling, the nutritive loss of pineapple peel is less, the content increase of part trace element is higher, the nutrient substance of ensilage is effectively guaranteed, and with higher utilization rate, cattle and sheep marketing time is can achieve with ensilage of the present invention and is shifted to an earlier date 15～20d.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to animal feed makes field, the method that more particularly to a kind of utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage.
Background technology
Hay silage feedstuff, also known as low moisture ensilage, is to reach after proper moisture content system storage raw material through dry in the sun,
Hand hay cutter is broken to store in closed cellar for storing things, a kind of preparation of fodder mixture in tower, and this diet dry matter content is high, and nutritious, fragrant taste is agreeable to the taste
Property is good.
Conventional ensilage is higher due to moisture, and in storage, top layer is easily mouldy, and contains butyric acid, hay silage then phase
Instead, the deamination of aminoacid can be suppressed when its low moisture content is stored, and there's almost no butyric acid, and ammonia amount pole
Few, nutrient loss is less, and utilization rate is improved, and the dry of conventional ensiling is lost more than 10%, due to having solubility in effluent
The composition that carbohydrate, organic acid, mineral and soluble nitrogenous compound etc. are easily digested by domestic animal, causes in ensilage
The poor cellulose ratios relative increase of nutritive value, hay silage moisture drop to 55% and there's almost no outflow loss.
Pineapple peel is the leftover bits and pieces for producing pineapple tin, how as offal treatment, but pineapple peel solubility after measured
Sugared content is high, and nutritious, sufficient material source is economical and practical, abandons everywhere and had both wasted substantial amounts of living resources, easily causes again
The destruction of ecological environment, can using pineapple peel as cattle feed resource, but there is aqueous, high sugar content due to pineapple peel, easily
The characteristics of rotting, so need for Fructus Ananadis comosi to carry out ensiling process, at present to Fructus Ananadis comosi ensiling also existing certain research report,
Patent such as application number 201410213193.9《A kind of imperatoria and pineapple peel mixed silage feedstuff and preparation method thereof》, by imperatoria
With pineapple peel mixed silage, but in ensilage, by lactic acid bacteria free responding therein, have some limitations, by
The amount control of the lactic acid produced in natural fermentation is improper, causes to cause excessively some digestion and metabolism barriers in feeding ensilage
Hinder, such as the phenomenon such as acidosis, butterfat percnetage reduction, therefore how pineapple peel is prepared into hay silage feedstuff, and strictly control each
The fermentation situation of individual fermentation period, it is ensured that the quality of ensilage and safety are the emphasis that current cattle cultivates area research.
Content of the invention
The present invention is solution above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage.
Realize particular by technical scheme below：
A kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage, comprises the following steps：
(1) it is dehydrated：Pineapple peel is shredded the Sal for adding the 25～30% of pineapple peel gross mass to the length of 1～2cm,
40～60min is stood after mixing thoroughly, pineapple peel is put into drying chamber after draining, it is 50～55% to dry to water content, wherein indoor
Temperature is 80～90 DEG C.
(2) spice：Pineapple peel after through dehydration is mixed by 1: 0.45～0.55 mass ratio with adjuvant, wherein adjuvant is
The mass ratio that micro-powder of Chinese herbs, cellulase, anhydrous oxalic acid and urea phosphate are pressed 1: 0.3～0.45: 0.15～0.2: 0.6～0.7
Mixing, obtains compound.
Micro-powder of Chinese herbs, is made up of following raw material by weight：Rhizoma Coptidis 15～20, Cortex Phellodendri 1～3, Radix Scrophulariae 1～2, company
Stick up 7～11, Radix Pulsatillae 10～15, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 3～5, the Radix Astragali 4～7, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3～5, Poria 15～20, Semen Allii Tuberosi 2～4, Radix Rehmanniae 8～
12.
(3) filler：Silage silo bottom lay 3～4cm after pine needle, by spice after compound, insert silage silo
After 10～15cm thickness, compress, then carry out the thick fillers of 10～15cm, then compress, repeatedly filler, compress repeatedly, until compound
Exceed silage silo 4～6cm of mouth.
(4) store：Mix surface in silage silo covers the sawdust of 1～2cm, by silage silo surrounding with water content is
40～45% soil is surrounded, and is covered on silage silo mouth with polyethylene film, from one jiao of vacuum filtration of silage silo 15～
20min, pushes down thin film with soil.
Further, described micro-powder of Chinese herbs, its particle diameter are 0.05～0.1cm.
Further, during filler, one layer is often filled out, is sprinkled into the 3.5～5% of every layer of compound gross mass lactic acid bacteria,
Filler is carried out again.
Further, described storage, time are 32～36d.
Further, the liquid of silage silo bottom is collected, is 8～10% by liquid concentration to water content at 100～120 DEG C
Extractum, from silage silo take out pineapple peel after, with extractum by 1: 0.2～0.3 mass ratio mix after, as feedstuff.
In sum, the beneficial effects of the present invention is：The pineapple peel ensilage of the present invention, fresh and tender succulence, palatability
Good, digestibility is high, and relative to traditional ensiling, the nutritive loss of pineapple peel is less, and the content increase of part trace element is higher, has
The nutrient substance that ensure that ensilage of effect, with higher utilization rate, can achieve cattle and sheep with ensilage of the present invention and delivers for sale
15～20d of time advance；It is applied to large batch of production, and anaerobic condition is good, the present invention carries out ensiling using pineapple peel, for the moment
Twice laid, cost-effective, two is the rich in nutrition content of effectively utilizes pineapple peel, improves the feeding mouth of feedstuff, improves animal
Feed intake, in addition, being also fully utilized by living resources, it is to avoid ecological environment is destroyed, reach multiple social benefit.
Wherein, cellulase decomposable asymmetric choice net plant cell wall, discharge can be by lactic acid bacteria in order to ferment sugar, increase fermentation bottom
The amount of thing, anhydrous oxalic acid can reduce rapidly the Ph of ensilage using its extremely strong reproducibility, suppress the breeding of butyric acid bacteria, reduce
Ammonia nitrogen content, so as to improve the fermentation quality of feedstuff, by the addition of urea phosphate, improves the content of N, P of pineapple peel, has
Effect improves the palatability of feedstuff, highly shortened period of storage, and the cycle shortens, and increases operation rate.
By the addition with the abundant Chinese medicine of antibacterial, trace element, vitamin, ensiling pineapple peel is effectively raised
Nutrition, improves its palatability, improves the marketing time of domestic animal fowl.
One layer of pine needle is covered in silage silo bottom before filler, the liquid oozed out during storage can be absorbed, in order to avoid silage silo
The pineapple peel of bottom is rotted, moreover it is possible to so that the ensiling pineapple peel for preparing has Colophonium taste, improves palatability, improves feed intake.
Specific embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, but the invention is not limited in these realities
Mode is applied, any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit still falls within the claims in the present invention required for protection
Scope,
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage, comprises the following steps：
(1) it is dehydrated：Pineapple peel is shredded the Sal for adding the 25% of pineapple peel gross mass to the length of 1cm, quiet after mixing thoroughly
40min is put, pineapple peel is put into drying chamber after draining, it is 50% to dry to water content, and wherein indoor temperature is 80 DEG C.
(2) spice：Pineapple peel after through dehydration is mixed by 1: 0.45 mass ratio with adjuvant, wherein adjuvant is by Chinese medicine
Micropowder, cellulase, anhydrous oxalic acid and urea phosphate press 1: 0.3: 0.15：0.6 mass ratio mixing, obtains compound.
Micro-powder of Chinese herbs, is made up of following raw material by weight：Rhizoma Coptidis 15kg, Cortex Phellodendri 1kg, Radix Scrophulariae 1kg, Fructus Forsythiae
7kg, Radix Pulsatillae 10kg, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 3kg, Radix Astragali 4kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3kg, Poria 15kg, Semen Allii Tuberosi 2kg, Radix Rehmanniae 8kg.
(3) filler：Silage silo bottom lay 3cm after pine needle, by spice after compound, insert silage silo 10cm
After thickness, compress, then carry out the thick fillers of 10cm, then compress, repeatedly filler, compress repeatedly, until compound exceeds silage silo mouth
4cm.
(4) store：Mix surface in silage silo covers the sawdust of 1cm, by silage silo surrounding with water content is
40% soil is surrounded, and is covered on silage silo mouth with polyethylene film, from one jiao of vacuum filtration 15min of silage silo, uses soil
Push down thin film.
Described micro-powder of Chinese herbs, its particle diameter are 0.05cm.
During filler, one layer is often filled out, be sprinkled into the 3.5% of every layer of compound gross mass lactic acid bacteria, then carry out filler.
Described storage, time are 32d.
The liquid of silage silo bottom is collected, by the extractum that liquid concentration to water content is 8% at 100 DEG C, from silage silo
After taking out pineapple peel, 1 is pressed with extractum：After 0.2 mass ratio mixing, as feedstuff.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage, comprises the following steps：
(1) it is dehydrated：Pineapple peel is shredded the Sal for adding the 30% of pineapple peel gross mass to the length of 2cm, quiet after mixing thoroughly
60min is put, pineapple peel is put into drying chamber after draining, it is 55% to dry to water content, and wherein indoor temperature is 90 DEG C.
(2) spice：Pineapple peel after through dehydration is mixed by 1: 0.55 mass ratio with adjuvant, wherein adjuvant is by Chinese medicine
Micropowder, cellulase, anhydrous oxalic acid and urea phosphate are mixed by 1: 0.45: 0.2: 0.7 mass ratio, obtain compound.
Micro-powder of Chinese herbs, is made up of following raw material by weight：Rhizoma Coptidis 20kg, Cortex Phellodendri 3kg, Radix Scrophulariae 2kg, Fructus Forsythiae
11kg, Radix Pulsatillae 15kg, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 5kg, Radix Astragali 7kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5kg, Poria 20kg, Semen Allii Tuberosi 4kg, Radix Rehmanniae 12kg.
(3) filler：Silage silo bottom lay 4cm after pine needle, by spice after compound, insert silage silo 15cm
After thickness, compress, then carry out the thick fillers of 15cm, then compress, repeatedly filler, compress repeatedly, until compound exceeds silage silo mouth
6cm.
(4) store：Mix surface in silage silo covers the sawdust of 2cm, by silage silo surrounding with water content is
45% soil is surrounded, and is covered on silage silo mouth with polyethylene film, from one jiao of vacuum filtration 20min of silage silo, uses soil
Push down thin film.
Described micro-powder of Chinese herbs, its particle diameter are 0.1cm.
During filler, one layer is often filled out, be sprinkled into the 5% of every layer of compound gross mass lactic acid bacteria, then carry out filler.
Described storage, time are 36d.
The liquid of silage silo bottom is collected, by the extractum that liquid concentration to water content is 10% at 120 DEG C, from silage silo
Take out pineapple peel after, with extractum by 1: 0.3 mass ratio mix after, as feedstuff.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage, comprises the following steps：
(1) it is dehydrated：Pineapple peel is shredded the Sal that the 28% of pineapple peel gross mass is added to the length of 1.5cm, after mixing thoroughly
50min is stood, pineapple peel is put into drying chamber after draining, it is 53% to dry to water content, and wherein indoor temperature is 85 DEG C.
(2) spice：Pineapple peel after through dehydration is mixed by 1: 0.5 mass ratio with adjuvant, wherein adjuvant is by Chinese medicine
Micropowder, cellulase, anhydrous oxalic acid and urea phosphate are mixed by 1: 0.3～0.45: 0.15～0.2: 0.6～0.7 mass ratio, are obtained
Arrive compound.
Micro-powder of Chinese herbs, is made up of following raw material by weight：Rhizoma Coptidis 18kg, Cortex Phellodendri 2kg, Radix Scrophulariae 1.5kg, Fructus Forsythiae
9kg, Radix Pulsatillae 13kg, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 4kg, Radix Astragali 5kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 4kg, Poria 18kg, Semen Allii Tuberosi 3kg, Radix Rehmanniae 10kg.
(3) filler：Silage silo bottom lay 3.5cm after pine needle, by spice after compound, insert silage silo
After 13cm thickness, compress, then carry out the thick fillers of 13cm, then compress, repeatedly filler, compress repeatedly, until compound exceeds ensiling
Pond mouth 5cm.
(4) store：Mix surface in silage silo covers the sawdust of 1.5cm, by silage silo surrounding with water content is
43% soil is surrounded, and is covered on silage silo mouth with polyethylene film, from one jiao of vacuum filtration 18min of silage silo, uses soil
Push down thin film.
Described micro-powder of Chinese herbs, its particle diameter are 0.08cm.
During filler, one layer is often filled out, be sprinkled into the 4% of every layer of compound gross mass lactic acid bacteria, then carry out filler.
Described storage, time are 34d.
The liquid of silage silo bottom is collected, by the extractum that liquid concentration to water content is 9% at 110 DEG C, from silage silo
Take out pineapple peel after, with extractum by 1: 0.25 mass ratio mix after, as feedstuff.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage, comprises the following steps：
(1) it is dehydrated：Pineapple peel is shredded the Sal for adding the 30% of pineapple peel gross mass to the length of 1cm, quiet after mixing thoroughly
40min is put, pineapple peel is put into drying chamber after draining, it is 55% to dry to water content, and wherein indoor temperature is 80 DEG C.
(2) spice：Pineapple peel after through dehydration is mixed by 1: 0.45 mass ratio with adjuvant, wherein adjuvant is by Chinese medicine
Micropowder, cellulase, anhydrous oxalic acid and urea phosphate are mixed by 1: 0.45: 0.15: 0.7 mass ratio, obtain compound.
Micro-powder of Chinese herbs, is made up of following raw material by weight：Rhizoma Coptidis 20kg, Cortex Phellodendri 1kg, Radix Scrophulariae 1kg, Fructus Forsythiae
11kg, Radix Pulsatillae 15kg, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 5kg, Radix Astragali 4kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3kg, Poria 20kg, Semen Allii Tuberosi 4kg, Radix Rehmanniae 12kg.
(3) filler：Silage silo bottom lay 3cm after pine needle, by spice after compound, insert silage silo 10cm
After thickness, compress, then carry out the thick fillers of 15cm, then compress, repeatedly filler, compress repeatedly, until compound exceeds silage silo mouth
6cm.
(4) store：Mix surface in silage silo covers the sawdust of 1cm, by silage silo surrounding with water content is
40% soil is surrounded, and is covered on silage silo mouth with polyethylene film, from one jiao of vacuum filtration 20min of silage silo, uses soil
Push down thin film.
Described micro-powder of Chinese herbs, its particle diameter are 0.1cm.
During filler, one layer is often filled out, be sprinkled into the 5% of every layer of compound gross mass lactic acid bacteria, then carry out filler.
Described storage, time are 32d.
The liquid of silage silo bottom is collected, by the extractum that liquid concentration to water content is 10% at 100 DEG C, from silage silo
Take out pineapple peel after, with extractum by 1: 0.3 mass ratio mix after, as feedstuff.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage, comprises the following steps：
(1) it is dehydrated：Pineapple peel is shredded the Sal for adding the 25% of pineapple peel gross mass to the length of 2cm, quiet after mixing thoroughly
40min is put, pineapple peel is put into drying chamber after draining, it is 55% to dry to water content, and wherein indoor temperature is 80 DEG C.
(2) spice：Pineapple peel after through dehydration is mixed by 1: 0.45 mass ratio with adjuvant, wherein adjuvant is by Chinese medicine
Micropowder, cellulase, anhydrous oxalic acid and urea phosphate are mixed by 1: 0.3: 0.2: 0.6 mass ratio, obtain compound.
Micro-powder of Chinese herbs, is made up of following raw material by weight：Rhizoma Coptidis 15kg, Cortex Phellodendri 3kg, Radix Scrophulariae 1kg, Fructus Forsythiae
7kg, Radix Pulsatillae 15kg, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 5kg, Radix Astragali 4kg, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3kg, Poria 15kg, Semen Allii Tuberosi 2kg, Radix Rehmanniae 10kg.
(3) filler：Silage silo bottom lay 3cm after pine needle, by spice after compound, insert silage silo 15cm
After thickness, compress, then carry out the thick fillers of 15cm, then compress, repeatedly filler, compress repeatedly, until compound exceeds silage silo mouth
4cm.
(4) store：Mix surface in silage silo covers the sawdust of 1cm, by silage silo surrounding with water content is
40% soil is surrounded, and is covered on silage silo mouth with polyethylene film, from one jiao of vacuum filtration 15min of silage silo, uses soil
Push down thin film.
Described micro-powder of Chinese herbs, its particle diameter are 0.05cm.
During filler, one layer is often filled out, be sprinkled into the 3.5% of every layer of compound gross mass lactic acid bacteria, then carry out filler.
Described storage, time are 36d.
The liquid of silage silo bottom is collected, by the extractum that liquid concentration to water content is 8% at 100 DEG C, from silage silo
Take out pineapple peel after, with extractum by 1: 0.3 mass ratio mix after, as feedstuff.
Experimental example
1st, to pineapple peel ensiling before, enter by the nutritional labeling of Silaging method of the present invention and the pineapple peel of traditional method ensiling
Row contrast, as a result as shown in table 1：
Table 1
| Project | Before ensiling | Ensiling of the present invention | Traditional method ensiling |
| Crude protein (%) | 7.68 | 7.35 | 6.18 |
| Crude fibre (%) | 27.75 | 35.62 | 28.35 |
| Nitrogen-free extract (%) | 45.47 | 38.26 | 31.28 |
| Crude fat (%) | 2.38 | 1.78 | 1.35 |
| P (%) | 0.06 | 0.56 | 0.12 |
| Na (%) | 0.08 | 0.68 | 0.23 |
| Ca (%) | 0.56 | 0.87 | 0.68 |
Explanation：Above-mentioned nutritional labeling is the percentage composition of dry, and the Silaging method of the present invention, relative to traditional blue or green
Storage, the nutritive loss of pineapple peel are significantly reduced, and the content increase of part trace element is higher, is effectively guaranteed ensilage
Nutrient substance.
2nd, by taking milch cow as an example, the ensiling pineapple peel of the present invention is fed milch cow, and to the lactation amount of milch cow, the quality of milk
Counted, fed as a control group, as a result as shown in table 2 with ensilage traditional at present：
Table 2
Explanation：The pineapple peel ensilage of the present invention, while milk lactation amount is improved, raises relative to traditional ensiling
Material, effectively raises the content of the nutritional labeling of milk, improve quality, while also improving the resistance of milch cow, reduces dye
Sick rate.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that utilization pineapple peel makes hay silage, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) it is dehydrated：Pineapple peel is shredded the Sal that the 25～30% of pineapple peel gross mass are added to the length of 1～2cm, is mixed thoroughly
Stand 40～60min afterwards, pineapple peel is put into drying chamber after draining, it is 50～55% to dry to water content, wherein indoor temperature
For 80～90 DEG C；
(2) spice：Pineapple peel after through dehydration is mixed by 1: 0.45～0.55 mass ratio with adjuvant, wherein adjuvant is by
Medicine micropowder, cellulase, anhydrous oxalic acid and urea phosphate are mixed by 1: 0.3～0.45: 0.15～0.2: 0.6～0.7 mass ratio,
Obtain compound；
Micro-powder of Chinese herbs, is made up of following raw material by weight：Rhizoma Coptidis 15～20, Cortex Phellodendri 1～3, Radix Scrophulariae 1～2, Fructus Forsythiae 7
～11, the Radix Pulsatillae 10～15, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae 3～5, the Radix Astragali 4～7, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3～5, Poria 15～20, Semen Allii Tuberosi 2～4, Radix Rehmanniae 8～12；
(3) filler：Pine needle after 3～4cm is laid in silage silo bottom, by spice after compound, insert silage silo 10～
After 15cm thickness, compress, then carry out the thick fillers of 10～15cm, then compress, repeatedly filler, compress repeatedly, until compound exceeds
Silage silo 4～6cm of mouth；
(4) store：Mix surface in silage silo covers the sawdust of 1～2cm, by silage silo surrounding water content be 40～
45% soil is surrounded, and is covered on silage silo mouth with polyethylene film, from one jiao of 15～20min of vacuum filtration of silage silo, is used
Soil pushes down thin film.
2. the method that utilization pineapple peel as claimed in claim 1 makes hay silage, it is characterised in that described Chinese medicine is micro-
Powder, its particle diameter are 0.05～0.1cm.
3. the method that utilization pineapple peel as claimed in claim 1 makes hay silage, it is characterised in that during filler,
One layer is often filled out, the 3.5～5% of every layer of compound gross mass lactic acid bacteria is sprinkled into, then is carried out filler.
4. the method that utilization pineapple peel as claimed in claim 1 makes hay silage, it is characterised in that described storage, when
Between be 32～36d.
5. the method that utilization pineapple peel as claimed in claim 1 makes hay silage, it is characterised in that collect silage silo bottom
Liquid, by the extractum that liquid concentration to water content is 8～10% at 100～120 DEG C, from silage silo take out pineapple peel after,
With extractum by 1: 0.2～0.3 mass ratio mix after, as feedstuff.
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| CN113349290A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-07 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Method for hydraulically sealing top of pit silage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113349290A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-07 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Method for hydraulically sealing top of pit silage |
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