CN105684816A

CN105684816A - Method suitable for reshaping and trimming of thick-planting date garden

Info

Publication number: CN105684816A
Application number: CN201610088630.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王继贵; 于博
Original assignee: Cangzhou Academy Of Agriculture And Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Cangzhou Academy Of Agriculture And Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2016-02-17
Filing date: 2016-02-17
Publication date: 2016-06-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a method suitable for reshaping and trimming of a thick-planting date garden. The row spacing is adjusted to 1-1.5 m and the line spacing is adjusted to 2.2-3.5 m by changing a planting mode. According to the method, multiple Chinese date heads are not used as a main branch system for expanding crowns, cyclic introduction secondary branches on the middle vertical date head are adopted as the main branch system for forming the crowns, and therefore the columnar crowns are formed. According to the method, the tree body is reasonable in structural layout, the tree body can be formed in two years and enters the fruiting period in three years, and the high-yield, stable-yield, high-quality and efficient cultivation effect can be achieved. The defects that according to a conventional date tree cultivation technology, a garden is slowly formed, fruiting is late, crown closure is caused easily, mechanical working is not easily performed, time and labor are wasted during management, and effectiveness is absent are overcome.

Description

A kind of method being suitable to the garden pruning of dense planting Fructus Jujubae

Technical field

The present invention relates to the pruning method of fruit tree, particularly relate to a kind of method being suitable to the garden pruning of dense planting Fructus Jujubae。

Background technology

Fruit tree shaping, pruning, it it is an important content in cultivation of fruit tree, wherein: jujube tree is the distinctive national fruit tree of China, there is the sprout character of its uniqueness, in the course of cultivation, according to its planting form, select suitable shaping, pruning method, be the key realizing jujube tree high-quality, high yield, Efficient Cultivation。

Conventional jujube cultivation technology, general seeding row spacing form mostly is: spacing in the rows 2-3m, line-spacing 4-5m, 44 84 plants/acre, and selected is tree-like, is generally: natural globular model, happy shape, coronule evacuate layering shape etc.。Its tree crown is bred as the branch systems such as major branch, side shoot, auxiliary support branch and forms by the Fructus Jujubae hair of multiple new lives。Select this cultivation shaping and trim mode, shape from field planting to tree body it is generally required to time of 45 years。Conventional jujube cultivation technology You Cheng garden is slow, and result is slow, the easy closing of tree crown, be unfavorable for do mechanization operation, takes a lot of work, lacks the shortcomings such as actual effect during administration fee。

Summary of the invention

The present invention establishes a kind of shaping and trimming method suitable in Jujube close planting cultivation, by changing plantation form, seeding row spacing is adjusted to: spacing in the rows 1 1.5 meters, line-spacing 2.2 3.5 meters。Take " wide row more seedlings, " column " Training system ", make tree management rationally distributed, it is achieved within 2 years, shape, within 3 years, enter fruiting period, reach high yield, stable yields, high-quality, cultivate purpose efficiently。

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: first, carries out field planting (spacing in the rows 1 1.5 meters, line-spacing 2.2 3.5 meters) according to wide row more seedlings theory。A healthy and strong main bud is being selected from 30cm place, ground 15 after field planting, cutting strunk above this main bud, stimulates its underpart main bud to sprout a healthy and strong new Fructus Jujubae head upwards vertical growth, when new Fructus Jujubae head grows 6-7 Secondary Branch, new life Fructus Jujubae crown end main bud is extractd, promotes that the Secondary Branch under it accelerates to extend growth。After pinching, the new Fructus Jujubae head of any position germinating on which is all wiped out from base portion。When the Second Year winter cuts, wipe out first Secondary Branch on trunk top, again stimulate its underpart main bud again to sprout and continue up vertical growth, to when new life Fructus Jujubae head grows 67 Secondary Branchs the 3rd year summer, again the raw main bud in the Fructus Jujubae crown being carried out pinching, after pinching, the new Fructus Jujubae head of any position germinating on which is still all wiped out from base portion。So, the tree body that can turn out " column " (being grown and being formed) fruit-bearing shoot cluster equipped with 15 20 by Secondary Branch is cultivated 23 years continuously through application above method。

The invention have the benefit that

1) the technology, proposes " wide row more seedlings ' column ' shaping " technical strategies first。The tree body formed, high less than 2.5m, regardless of major branch, side shoot, secondary side shoot on tree。Simply on trunk central principal axis, 15 20 fruit-bearing shoot clusters that outfit is formed by Fructus Jujubae head Secondary Branch。Become the tree body of " column "。This tree body, shaping is easy, it is easy to operation, shape fast, result early, stable, the tree crown not easily closing of bearing fruit, ventilation and penetrating light, tree vigo(u)r strong, jujube tree is realized to fast-growing, dense planting, high yield, stable yields, high-quality, efficiently has a huge realistic meaning。

2) " wide row more seedlings ' column ' pruning " method, the not main branch system using multiple Fructus Jujubae heads as expansion tree crown, but the verticillate Secondary Branch on a upright Fructus Jujubae head is as the main branch system forming tree crown in the middle of utilizing, this branch system, the skeleton branch of tree body can be formed, simultaneously again because Secondary Branch is the Fruit basic branch formed by the accessory bud on Fructus Jujubae head then, so, while cultivating skeleton branch, also cultivated the fruit-bearing shoot cluster of substantial amounts of permanent stabilization result。Be conducive to the many annual bearings of seriality of jujube tree early shaping, precocity fruiting and long-term stability。

3) " wide row more seedlings ' column ' pruning " method, when new Fructus Jujubae head grows 6-7 Secondary Branch, always to extract newborn Fructus Jujubae crown end main bud。Owing to Secondary Branch is the Fruit basic branch formed by the accessory bud on Fructus Jujubae head then, so, after new Fructus Jujubae crown end main bud is extracted, the quickening that can effectively promote its Secondary Branch extends growth, Secondary Branch often extends 5 6cm, will increasing a new Fructus Jujubae stock thereon, Fructus Jujubae stock is bearing basal shoot, and bearing basal shoot increases can serve positive facilitation to jujube growth and result。

4) " wide row more seedlings ' column ' pruning ", any newborn Fructus Jujubae head is not retained in tree crown, summer is when the Fructus Jujubae head as main shaft grows 67 Secondary Branchs, the raw main bud in the Fructus Jujubae crown is carried out pinching, and after pinching, the new Fructus Jujubae head of any position germinating on which is all wiped out from base portion, so, the new Fructus Jujubae head of tree crown endogenous cause of ill can be avoided too much to cause canopy, be conducive to ventilation and penetrating light, deduction and exemption disease pest harm, make the good fruit of the many results of jujube tree, knot。

5) " wide row more seedlings ' column ' pruning ", is particularly suitable for " dense planting, intensive, mechanization " cultivation of jujube tree。" column " tree-like, close structure, rationally distributed, the interior effectively Fructus Jujubae number of share of stock amount increase of unit space, it is possible to increase the really yield of the Fructus Jujubae in unit are greatly；" wide row more seedlings " is conducive to do mechanization operation, it is simple to fertilising, weeding, control worm, improves work efficiency。It is a kind of technical measures being suitable to modern agriculture。

Detailed description of the invention

By describing the technology contents of the present invention in detail, being realized purpose and effect, it is explained in detail below in conjunction with embodiment。

Concrete grammar is:

1) field planting: during plantation jujube tree, spacing in the rows is 1-1.5 rice, line-spacing 2.2-3.5 rice；

2) cutting strunk: before First Year jujube tree in spring of planting trees germinates, is choosing a healthy and strong main bud A from ground 15-30cm, and cutting strunk above described healthy and strong main bud A stimulates it to sprout the Fructus Jujubae head B of a healthy and strong upwards vertical growth。

3) cultivate and extend skeleton branch system: First Year summer, when newborn Fructus Jujubae head B grows 6-7 Secondary Branch, described newborn Fructus Jujubae head B is pushed up raw main bud and carries out pinching, stimulate its Secondary Branch to accelerate to extend growth, so less pinching can increase prolongation growth 1-2 times, increase Fructus Jujubae number of share of stock amount 6-10。After pinching, the new Fructus Jujubae head of any position germinating on which is all wiped out from base portion。

4) connect dry: when the Second Year winter cuts, wipe out first Secondary Branch on trunk top, stimulate its underpart main bud C again to sprout and continue up vertical growth, when the 3rd year summer, new life Fructus Jujubae head D grew 6-7 Secondary Branch, again the raw main bud in the Fructus Jujubae crown being carried out pinching, after pinching, the new Fructus Jujubae head of any position germinating on which is still all wiped out from base portion。

5) shape: cultivate, through application above method, the tree body that " column " being equipped with 15-20 fruit-bearing shoot cluster can be turned out continuously 23 years。

The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every equivalent transformation utilizing description of the present invention to make, or directly or indirectly it is used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner include in the scope of patent protection of the present invention。

Claims

1. the method being suitable to the garden pruning of dense planting Fructus Jujubae, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

2) cutting strunk: before plantation jujube tree First Year jujube tree in spring germinates, is selecting a healthy and strong main bud A from a distance, ground, cutting strunk above described healthy and strong main bud A；

3) cultivate and extend skeleton branch system: First Year summer, when newborn Fructus Jujubae head B grows 6-7 Secondary Branch, described Fructus Jujubae head B being pushed up raw main bud and carries out pinching, after pinching, the new Fructus Jujubae head germinated above described Fructus Jujubae head is all wiped out from base portion；

4) connect dry: when the Second Year winter cuts, wipe out first Secondary Branch on trunk top, when the 3rd year summer, new life Fructus Jujubae head D grew 6-7 Secondary Branch, described Fructus Jujubae head D is pushed up raw main bud and carries out pinching, after pinching, the new Fructus Jujubae head of germinating above described Fructus Jujubae head is all wiped out from base portion。

2. according to claim 1 being suitable to dense planting Fructus Jujubae garden shaping and trimming method, it is characterised in that step 2) the healthy and strong main bud chosen is from ground 15-30cm。