CN105638254A - Method for branch grafting of fortune purple liquidambar formosana in growing period - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for branch grafting of fortune purple liquidambar formosana in the growing period. The method comprises the steps of grafting time selection, stock cultivation, scion selection, grafting and post-grafting management. The method has the advantages of patch budding, but does not have the high requirement for scion quality of patch budding, scion thickness can be flexibly selected, scions with high lignifications degree, full auxiliary buds and thickness larger than 0.3 cm can be used, scion utilization rate is increased remarkably, and the method has extremely high application and popularization value in production.

Description

A kind of trophophase embedding stem grafting method of good fortune Lu purple maple

Technical field

The present invention relates to the embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of a kind of good fortune Lu purple maple, the specifically asexual reproduction method of a kind of new variety of plant.

Background technology

Sweetgum, have another name called Chinese sweet gum (LiquidambarformosanaH.), Hamamelidaceae, the one high megaphanerophyte of fallen leaves of sweetgum Pterostyrax (LiquidambarL.), good fortune Lu purple maple is sweetgum seedling variation new varieties, show for its primary specificity in purplish red leaf color with full growing season joint, filled up China and independently cultivated the blank of tall and big deciduous tree Chang Seye kind, Landscape Application has great potentiality and value.

Good fortune Lu purple maple is a new variety of plant, there is no all other men except weighing everyone except kind and it was carried out the research of any reproduction technique, good fortune Lu purple maple is a deciduous species, the grafting of deciduous species is typically in rest period traditionally and carries out scion grafting, and rest period grafting is widely applied in the propagation by grafiting of good fortune Lu purple maple; But rest period grafting is short by grafting time, the more difficult grasp of timeliness, must carry and cultivate stock the previous year, need within 2 years, just to go out the unfavorable factor impacts such as garden, there is certain limitation, scion and stock specification and quality are all required by square bud grafting, particularly scion rugosity generally cannot be below 0.8cm, and requiring that bud sheet wants thickness, degree of lignification must be good.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention aims to provide the embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of a kind of good fortune Lu purple maple, improves good fortune Lu purple maple rate of scionwood utility, extends grafting time, shortens seedling raise period, saves seedling cost.

For achieving the above object, the embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of a kind of good fortune Lu purple maple of the present invention, after grafting time selection �� stock cultivation �� scion selection �� grafting �� connect, management, completes task of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps that

1, grafting time selects: select during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple by the end of May to by the end of August;

2, stock is cultivated: select sweetgum raw Seedling or annual shoot row culture stock then, takes raw Seedling then and makes stock, should do sth. in advance seeding and seedling raising when the beginning of spring, is beneficial to sweetgum seedling and grows as early as possible to the rugosity required for grafting; Select annual shoot row culture stock, big tree should be carried out before Sprout period and cut bar, lopping shaping or seedling patch ground stump, promote that proper site sprouts new buds for grafting, can be used as stock when first round shoot growth reaches semi-lignified and carry out grafting;

3, scion selects: choose good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion;

4, grafting: carry out grafting on semi-lignified stock branch, graft position distance ground 5-10cm, more than graft position stay 2-3 sheet leaf, all the other branch total numbers are wiped out, blade is not stayed below grafting mouth, first cut scion: cutter under distance bud 2.5-3cm place, the scion bud back side, the degree of depth reaches the 1/3 of scion rugosity, then straight 5-6cm length is down pushed away, upset scion, cutter declinate cutting scion under scion bud homonymy up and down distance bud 2cm place, form a scion bud and be backed with the straight long tangent plane of 4-5cm, bud side is respectively arranged with the scion in a 0.5-1cm long horse ear shape chopped face up and down, scion immediately begins to cut stock after cutting: cutter under the smooth place of stock bark, first cut downwards 2-2.5cm, grafting knife reverse again from the first straight place of previous cutter upwards straight draw cut, otch total length is identical with scion length, the degree of depth is as the criterion so that kerf width and scion long tangent plane width is consistent, the thin stock of two panels up and down cut stays 1cm length to cut off, left hand pushes the thin stock of this two panels gently aside, the right hand is held the scion bud cut and is laterally embedded into upward, the long tangent plane of scion and the long tangent plane of stock are adjacent to, scion chopped face two thin slices upper and lower with stock respectively are adjacent to, and make two stock thin slices push down scion chopped face, stock and six formation aspects of scion are made to be mutually aligned, if it is excessively deep that stock is cut, kerf width is more than scion kerf width, make wherein side three in the face of neat, wrap up from bottom to top with the ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after grafting, bud exposes not to be wrapped up,

5, manage after connecing: all of bud on stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-.

The embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of the good fortune Lu purple maple of the present invention compared with prior art has following excellent effect.

The embedding grafting technology of trophophase of good fortune Lu purple maple of the present invention is applied to the big height of seedling of trophophase of good fortune Lu purple maple and connects and autumn branches breeding, the rate of scionwood utility of good fortune Lu purple maple can be improved, effectively extend the grafting time of good fortune Lu purple maple, shorten growing-seedling period, reach to cultivate then stock, then grafting and seedling then, graft survival rate reaches more than 80%, mends for the carried out 1-2 not survived time and connects.

Every advantage of the embedding grafting technology of the trophophase existing square bud grafting of good fortune Lu purple maple of the present invention, there is no again the square bud grafting high request to scion quality, scion rugosity can be selected flexibly, as long as degree of lignification is good, axillalry bud is full, more than rugosity 0.3cm all can use, and rate of scionwood utility significantly improves, and the good fortune Lu purple embedding scion grafting of maple trophophase has great application value aborning.

Detailed description of the invention

Below the embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of the good fortune Lu purple maple of the present invention is described in further detail.

The embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of a kind of good fortune Lu purple maple of the present invention, after grafting time selection �� stock cultivation �� scion selection �� grafting �� connect, management, completes task of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps that

1, grafting time selects: select during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple by the end of May to by the end of August;

2, stock is cultivated: select sweetgum raw Seedling or annual shoot row culture stock then, takes raw Seedling then and makes stock, should do sth. in advance seeding and seedling raising when the beginning of spring, is beneficial to sweetgum seedling and grows as early as possible to the rugosity required for grafting; Select annual shoot row culture stock, big tree should be carried out before Sprout period and cut bar, lopping shaping or seedling patch ground stump, promote that proper site sprouts new buds for grafting, can be used as stock when first round shoot growth reaches semi-lignified and carry out grafting;

3, scion selects: choose good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion;

4, grafting: carry out grafting on semi-lignified stock branch, graft position distance ground 5-10cm, more than graft position stay 2-3 sheet leaf, all the other branch total numbers are wiped out, blade is not stayed below grafting mouth, first cut scion: cutter under distance bud 2.5-3cm place, the scion bud back side, the degree of depth reaches the 1/3 of scion rugosity, then straight 5-6cm length is down pushed away, upset scion, cutter declinate cutting scion under scion bud homonymy up and down distance bud 2cm place, form a scion bud and be backed with the straight long tangent plane of 4-5cm, bud side is respectively arranged with the scion in a 0.5-1cm long horse ear shape chopped face up and down, scion immediately begins to cut stock after cutting: cutter under the smooth place of stock bark, first cut downwards 2-2.5cm, grafting knife reverse again from the first straight place of previous cutter upwards straight draw cut, otch total length is identical with scion length, the degree of depth is as the criterion so that kerf width and scion long tangent plane width is consistent, the thin stock of two panels up and down cut stays 1cm length to cut off, left hand pushes the thin stock of this two panels gently aside, the right hand is held the scion bud cut and is laterally embedded into upward, the long tangent plane of scion and the long tangent plane of stock are adjacent to, scion chopped face two thin slices upper and lower with stock respectively are adjacent to, and make two stock thin slices push down scion chopped face, stock and six formation aspects of scion are made to be mutually aligned, if it is excessively deep that stock is cut, kerf width is more than scion kerf width, make wherein side three in the face of neat, wrap up from bottom to top with the ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after grafting, bud exposes not to be wrapped up,

5, manage after connecing: all of bud on stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-.

Embodiment 1

Specifically comprise the following steps that

1, grafting time selects: select the early July during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple;

2, stock is cultivated: set up fritter seedbed in greenhouse in early Febuary, concentrate sowing to cultivate sweetgum to grow directly from seeds sprout, it is transplanted to outdoor big field after the middle ten days and the last ten days in March is frostless to cultivate, planting density 10 �� 15cm, footpath, early July transplanted seedling ground reaches about 0.5cm, can be used as stock during the semi-lignified of bottom;

3, scion selects: chooses good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion, now cuts existing use;

4, grafting: select the smooth position of bark to carry out grafting at stock distance ground 5-10cm, blade is not stayed below graft position, more than graft position stay 2-3 sheet leaf, all the other branch and leaf are all wiped out, elder generation's cut-grafting fringe during grafting, stock is cut afterwards according to scion length and kerf width, scion makes the long tangent plane of scion align with the both sides cambium layer of the long tangent plane of stock after embedding stock as far as possible, upper and lower two thin slices of stock need to cover the upper and lower two chopped mouths of scion respectively, must not show money or valuables one carries unintentionally, wrap up from bottom to top with the wide ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after connecting, bud is not wrapped up, wrapping must must not seal rain invade mouth,

5, manage after connecing: all buds of stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-;

The graft survival rate 82.5% of embodiment 1, the average 75cm of grafting survival Seedling height increament then, footpath 1.5cm fifty-fifty, there are more than 2 grades side shoots.

Embodiment 2

Specifically comprise the following steps that

1, grafting time selects: select the mid-June during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple;

2, stock is cultivated: staying sweetgum seedling patch ground, garden stump to 1-2 is raw at the beginning of 3 months, the most prosperous rudiment of every strain mid-April growth selection is cultivated as stock, all the other rudiments are all erased, the rudiment selected and remain mid-June can reach ground footpath 0.5cm, and degree of lignification is good, now can be used for stock and carries out grafting;

3, scion selects: takes good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion, now cuts existing use;

4, grafting: select the smooth position of bark to carry out grafting at stock distance ground 5-10cm, blade is not stayed below graft position, more than graft position stay 2-3 sheet leaf, all the other branch and leaf are all wiped out, elder generation's cut-grafting fringe during grafting, stock is cut afterwards according to scion length and kerf width, scion makes the long tangent plane of scion align with the both sides cambium layer of the long tangent plane of stock after embedding stock, upper and lower two thin slices of stock need to cover the upper and lower two chopped mouths of scion respectively, must not show money or valuables one carries unintentionally, wrap up from bottom to top with the wide ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after connecting, bud is not wrapped up, wrapping must must not seal rain invade mouth,

5, manage after connecing: all buds of stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-;

The graft survival rate 83% of embodiment 2, the average 91cm of grafting survival Seedling height increament then, footpath 1.6cm fifty-fifty, there are more than 2 grades side shoots.

Embodiment 3

Specifically comprise the following steps that

1, grafting time selects: select the mid-July during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple;

2, stock is cultivated: select trunk to lead to directly before sweetgum rudiment by the end of February, without pest and disease damage, the great Shu original place cutting strunk of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 10-15cm cultivates grafting stock branch, stay dry height 2.2m, the branch selecting 5-6 robust growth, spatial distribution well-balanced by the end of April on trunk top is cultivated, all the other rudiment branches are all erased, mid-July, cultivate through the concentrations of more than 2 months, shoot growth is vigorous, and rugosity and degree of lignification can be used for grafting stock time good;

3, scion selects: takes good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion, now cuts existing use;

4, grafting: all carry out grafting on the branch of all cultivations, graft position is selected in distance above about the 10cm of current-year branch germination point, remove graft position and following whole blade, all the other branch and leaf are wiped out after more than graft position staying leaf 2-3 sheet, the all rudiments of stock of erasing and bud, elder generation's cut-grafting fringe during grafting, stock is cut afterwards according to scion length and kerf width, scion makes the long tangent plane of scion align with the both sides cambium layer of the long tangent plane of stock after embedding stock, upper and lower two thin slices of stock need to cover the upper and lower two chopped mouths of scion respectively, must not show money or valuables one carries unintentionally, wrap up from bottom to top with the wide ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after connecting, bud is not wrapped up, wrapping must must not seal rain invade mouth,

5, manage after connecing: all buds of stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-;

The graft survival rate 81% of embodiment 3, scion is height increament 70cm then, thick 1.2cm, has more than 2 grades side shoots.

In above propagation by grafiting embodiment, graft survival rate no significant difference; Different there were significant differences and becomes positive correlation with connecing rear growth time because of stock growing way for increment, wherein utilizes the raw nursery stock staying garden stock grafting of 1-2 to fasten because of stock root, and early, growth time is abundant, and increment is maximum for grafting time; The seedling stock grafting time cultivated then also relatively early, take second place by increment; At the latest, growth time is short for seedlings grafting time, and increment is minimum.

Above example only illustration to spirit of the present invention, described embodiment can be made the amendment of different modes or supplements or adopt similar mode to replace by those skilled in the art, but the scope that not spirit of the deviation present invention is defined.

Claims (4)

1. the embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of good fortune Lu purple maple, after grafting time selection �� stock cultivation �� scion selection �� grafting �� connect, management, completes task of the present invention, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that

(1) grafting time selects: select during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple by the end of May to by the end of August;

(2) stock is cultivated: select sweetgum raw Seedling or annual shoot row culture stock then, takes raw Seedling then and makes stock, should do sth. in advance seeding and seedling raising when the beginning of spring, is beneficial to sweetgum seedling and grows as early as possible to the rugosity required for grafting; Select annual shoot row culture stock, big tree should be carried out before Sprout period and cut bar, lopping shaping or seedling patch ground stump, promote that proper site sprouts new buds for grafting, can be used as stock when first round shoot growth reaches semi-lignified and carry out grafting;

(3) scion selects: choose good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion;

(4) grafting: carry out grafting on semi-lignified stock branch, graft position distance ground 5-10cm, more than graft position stay 2-3 sheet leaf, all the other branch total numbers are wiped out, blade is not stayed below grafting mouth, first cut scion: cutter under distance bud 2.5-3cm place, the scion bud back side, the degree of depth reaches the 1/3 of scion rugosity, then straight 5-6cm length is down pushed away, upset scion, cutter declinate cutting scion under scion bud homonymy up and down distance bud 2cm place, form a scion bud and be backed with the straight long tangent plane of 4-5cm, bud side is respectively arranged with the scion in a 0.5-1cm long horse ear shape chopped face up and down, scion immediately begins to cut stock after cutting: cutter under the smooth place of stock bark, first cut downwards 2-2.5cm, grafting knife reverse again from the first straight place of previous cutter upwards straight draw cut, otch total length is identical with scion length, the degree of depth is as the criterion so that kerf width and scion long tangent plane width is consistent, the thin stock of two panels up and down cut stays 1cm length to cut off, left hand pushes the thin stock of this two panels gently aside, the right hand is held the scion bud cut and is laterally embedded into upward, the long tangent plane of scion and the long tangent plane of stock are adjacent to, scion chopped face two thin slices upper and lower with stock respectively are adjacent to, and make two stock thin slices push down scion chopped face, stock and six formation aspects of scion are made to be mutually aligned, if it is excessively deep that stock is cut, kerf width is more than scion kerf width, make wherein side three in the face of neat, wrap up from bottom to top with the ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after grafting, bud exposes not to be wrapped up,

(5) manage after connecing: all of bud on stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-.

2. the embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of good fortune Lu purple maple according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that

(1) grafting time selects: select the early July during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple;

(2) stock is cultivated: set up fritter seedbed in greenhouse in early Febuary, concentrate sowing to cultivate sweetgum to grow directly from seeds sprout, it is transplanted to outdoor big field after the middle ten days and the last ten days in March is frostless to cultivate, planting density 10 �� 15cm, footpath, early July transplanted seedling ground reaches about 0.5cm, can be used as stock during the semi-lignified of bottom;

(3) scion selects: chooses good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion, now cuts existing use;

(4) grafting: select the smooth position of bark to carry out grafting at stock distance ground 5-10cm, blade is not stayed below graft position, more than graft position stay 2-3 sheet leaf, all the other branch and leaf are all wiped out, elder generation's cut-grafting fringe during grafting, stock is cut afterwards according to scion length and kerf width, scion makes the long tangent plane of scion align with the both sides cambium layer of the long tangent plane of stock after embedding stock as far as possible, upper and lower two thin slices of stock need to cover the upper and lower two chopped mouths of scion respectively, must not show money or valuables one carries unintentionally, wrap up from bottom to top with the wide ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after connecting, bud is not wrapped up, wrapping must must not seal rain invade mouth,

(5) manage after connecing: all buds of stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-.

3. the embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of good fortune Lu purple maple according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that

(1) grafting time selects: select the mid-June during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple;

(2) stock is cultivated: staying sweetgum seedling patch ground, garden stump to 1-2 is raw at the beginning of 3 months, the most prosperous rudiment of every strain mid-April growth selection is cultivated as stock, all the other rudiments are all erased, the rudiment selected and remain mid-June can reach ground footpath 0.5cm, and degree of lignification is good, now can be used for stock and carries out grafting;

(3) scion selects: takes good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion, now cuts existing use;

(4) grafting: select the smooth position of bark to carry out grafting at stock distance ground 5-10cm, blade is not stayed below graft position, more than graft position stay 2-3 sheet leaf, all the other branch and leaf are all wiped out, elder generation's cut-grafting fringe during grafting, stock is cut afterwards according to scion length and kerf width, scion makes the long tangent plane of scion align with the both sides cambium layer of the long tangent plane of stock after embedding stock, upper and lower two thin slices of stock need to cover the upper and lower two chopped mouths of scion respectively, must not show money or valuables one carries unintentionally, wrap up from bottom to top with the wide ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after connecting, bud is not wrapped up, wrapping must must not seal rain invade mouth,

(5) manage after connecing: all buds of stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-.

4. the embedding stem grafting method of trophophase of good fortune Lu purple maple according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that

(1) grafting time selects: select the mid-July during the growth of good fortune Lu purple maple;

(2) stock is cultivated: select trunk to lead to directly before sweetgum rudiment by the end of February, without pest and disease damage, the great Shu original place cutting strunk of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 10-15cm cultivates grafting stock branch, stay dry height 2.2m, the branch selecting 5-6 robust growth, spatial distribution well-balanced by the end of April on trunk top is cultivated, all the other rudiment branches are all erased, mid-July, cultivate through the concentrations of more than 2 months, shoot growth is vigorous, and rugosity and degree of lignification can be used for grafting stock time good;

(3) scion selects: takes good fortune Lu purple maple without pest and disease damage, robust growth, axillary bud development are full, rugosity reaches more than 0.3cm raw then semi-lignified branch as scion, now cuts existing use;

(4) grafting: all carry out grafting on the branch of all cultivations, graft position is selected in distance above about the 10cm of current-year branch germination point, remove graft position and following whole blade, all the other branch and leaf are wiped out after more than graft position staying leaf 2-3 sheet, the all rudiments of stock of erasing and bud, elder generation's cut-grafting fringe during grafting, stock is cut afterwards according to scion length and kerf width, scion makes the long tangent plane of scion align with the both sides cambium layer of the long tangent plane of stock after embedding stock, upper and lower two thin slices of stock need to cover the upper and lower two chopped mouths of scion respectively, must not show money or valuables one carries unintentionally, wrap up from bottom to top with the wide ultra-thin grafting membrane of 1-1.5cm width after connecting, bud is not wrapped up, wrapping must must not seal rain invade mouth,

(5) manage after connecing: all buds of stock of namely erasing after connecing, smear again once after 10 days, scion in about 15-20 days and stock i.e. basic healing, note stock rudiment of erasing in time afterwards, when scion bud sprout grow to 10-15cm long time cut anvil, eliminate aphis and leafeating insect harm with imidacloprid and chrysanthemum esters medicine are anti-.