CN104255313A - Grafting technology of liquidambar styraciflua - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a grafting technology of liquidambar styraciflua. The grafting technology comprises the following steps: selecting biennial acer serrulatum and cutting into stocks on parts which are 1.2-1.5 m away from the ground; shearing fully mature and robust twigs with full bud eyes on the upper part outside the crown of a seed tree as scions, wherein the scions have two to four full bud eyes; flatly shearing on the parts with ground diameter of 5 cm of the stocks; longitudinally cleaving once from the center of the section, wherein the length of the cleave is 2.5-3 cm; cutting on the two sides of the lower ends of scions to form wedged bevels with wide outer parts and narrow inner parts by using a sharp knife, wherein the length of the wedged bevels is 2.5-3 cm; inserting the scions into the cleaves of the stocks to form layer alignment of the two side faces of the stock and the scions; tightening the stocks and the scions, tensioning and knotting to prevent air drying and rainwater infiltration; healing the joints in 25-30 days after grafting. The method has the advantages of simplicity, better scion fixation and high survival rate, contributes to improvement of the seedling production value of the liquidambar styraciflua, is suitable for large-scale popularization and meets the requirements of market.

Description

A kind of American red-maple graft technology

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate to a kind of graft technology, a kind of American red-maple graft technology of special design.

Background technology

American red-maple originates in east coast of the united states, fallen leaves megaphanerophyte.Growth is very fast, the height of tree 12 ~ 18 meters of growing up, and hat 12 meters, the soil types that can adapt to multiple scope grows.Spring blooms, premium look.Because color in its brilliant in autumn, tree crown is clean and tidy, is widely used in park, community, street plant, not only can Landscape but also can do street tree, very popular, be introduced in recent years beautify, one of the desirable rare tree species in gardens, green planted city.At present also be in the starting stage to the research of the introduction of American red-maple, breeding and application aspect.In order to fast and effeciently breed American red-maple, experimenter adopts different grafting methods to test the American red-maple grafting method to waiting to select a kind of suitable spring to American red-maple, for the Rapid Popularization application in American red-maple improvement and the whole nation provides basic, technical support.Research finds that different grafting methods is on the impact of American red-maple graft survival rate: bud take can reach 80. 0 %, and scion grafting survival rate is 58. 3 %.Although the survival rate of bud grafting can reach 80.0%, but still the domestic demand to American red-maple cannot be met.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide the graft technology being applicable to American red-maple that a kind of survival rate is higher.

The graft technology of American red-maple provided by the invention, comprises the steps:

(1) Root-stock selection: select blue or green maple, carries out lopping at distance 1.2-1.5 rice, ground and becomes stock;

(2) scion is selected: the annotinous branch that the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown is fully ripe, healthy and strong, eye is full as scion, scion band 2-4 full bud;

(3) cleft grafting: at 16-26 DEG C of temperature, carries out straight snips in stock leading thread 5 centimeters, splits a cutter from kernel of section is vertical, split the long 2.5-3 centimetre of mouth, in both sides, scion lower end, be respectively whittled into tapered ramp wide outside and narrow inside with sharp knife, long 2.5-3 centimetre, then scion is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving, make anvil, the alignment of fringe two sides formation layer, use the binding method of hexagram watt formula with plastic strip from bottom to top, stock, scion tighten are tied up sternly, and tension stamps knot, in case air-dry and rain penetration;

(4) more post processing: connecing rear 25-30 days interface can heal, stock rudiment of erasing in time, carries out lightening restrictions on and exposes tighten again of buddering during interface healing survival and growth, or carrying out earthing up in case rolled over by wind.

In preferred above-mentioned steps (1), stock is 2 years blue or green maples of life.

In preferred above-mentioned steps (2), scion bar is annual red maple branch.

In preferred above-mentioned steps (2), the tender shoots of scion bar is autumn bud.

Grafting temperature in preferred above-mentioned steps (3) is 18-24 DEG C.

The inventive method is simple, and produce and implement easily, scion fixed effect is good, and survival rate is high, can reach more than 90%.Adopt cleft grafting graft technology to make American red-maple growing-seedling period short, be conducive to improving the American red-maple nursery output value, be suitable for large-scale promotion, meet the demand in market.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.

Grafting time is in September-October, and temperature during grafting is 16-26 DEG C, first clears up ground, garden, preparation tool.Select the special grafting knife that the edge of a knife is sharp, cut stock and cut scion cutter and will strictly make a distinction.

embodiment 1

Grafting step: (1) Root-stock selection: select 2 years blue or green maples of life, carries out lopping at distance, 1.3 meters, ground and becomes stock;

(2) scion is selected: the annotinous branch that the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown is fully ripe, healthy and strong, eye is full as scion, scion band 3 full buds;

(3) cleft grafting: at 23 DEG C of temperature, carries out straight snips in stock leading thread 5 centimeters, splits a cutter from kernel of section is vertical, split mouth long 3 centimetres, in both sides, scion lower end, be respectively whittled into tapered ramp wide outside and narrow inside with sharp knife, long 3 centimetres, then scion is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving, make anvil, the alignment of fringe two sides formation layer, use the binding method of hexagram watt formula with plastic strip from bottom to top, stock, scion tighten are tied up sternly, and tension stamps knot, in case air-dry and rain penetration;

(4) more post processing: connect interface healing in latter 30 days, stock rudiment of erasing in time, will carry out after grafting earthing up in case rolled over by wind.

Technique effect: according to above-mentioned steps, grafting 500 strain, survives 458 strains, and survival rate is 91.6%.

embodiment 2

Grafting step: (1) Root-stock selection: select 2 years blue or green maples of life, carries out lopping at distance, 1.5 meters, ground and becomes stock;

(2) scion is selected: the annotinous branch that the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown is fully ripe, healthy and strong, eye is full as scion, scion band 2-4 full bud;

(3) cleft grafting: at 16-26 DEG C of temperature, carries out straight snips in stock leading thread 5 centimeters, splits a cutter from kernel of section is vertical, split mouth long 2.5 centimetres, in both sides, scion lower end, be respectively whittled into tapered ramp wide outside and narrow inside with sharp knife, long 2.5 centimetres, then scion is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving, make anvil, the alignment of fringe two sides formation layer, use the binding method of hexagram watt formula with plastic strip from bottom to top, stock, scion tighten are tied up sternly, and tension stamps knot, in case air-dry and rain penetration;

(4) more post processing: connect interface healing in latter 28 days, stock rudiment of erasing in time, will carry out after grafting earthing up in case rolled over by wind.

Technique effect: according to above-mentioned steps, grafting 500 strain, survives 464 strains, and survival rate is 92.8%.

Attention: grafting is preferably selected to carry out at fine day, does not carry out grafting, to improve graft survival rate further in overcast and rainy or morning when dew is not dry.

The present invention compared with prior art method is simple, and scion is better fixing, and survival rate is high, is conducive to improving the American red-maple nursery output value, is suitable for large-scale promotion, meets the demand in market.

Claims (3)

1. an American red-maple graft technology, is characterized in that: comprise Root-stock selection, scion selection, cleft grafting and aftertreatment technology of healing, concrete technology step is:

1) Root-stock selection: select 2 years blue or green maples of life, carries out lopping at distance 1.2-1.5 rice, ground and becomes stock;

2) scion is selected: the annotinous branch that the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown is fully ripe, healthy and strong, eye is full as scion, scion band 2-4 full bud;

3) cleft grafting: at 16-26 DEG C of temperature, carries out straight snips in stock leading thread 5 centimeters, splits a cutter from kernel of section is vertical, split the long 2.5-3 centimetre of mouth, in both sides, scion lower end, be respectively whittled into tapered ramp wide outside and narrow inside with sharp knife, long 2.5-3 centimetre, then scion is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving, make anvil, the alignment of fringe two sides formation layer, use the binding method of hexagram watt formula with plastic strip from bottom to top, stock, scion tighten are tied up sternly, and tension stamps knot, in case air-dry and rain penetration;

4) more post processing: connect interface healing in rear 25-30 days, stock rudiment of erasing in time, carries out lightening restrictions on and exposes tighten again of buddering during interface healing survival and growth, or earthing up.

2. American red-maple graft technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described grafting temperature is 18-24 DEG C.

3. American red-maple graft technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising following processing step:

(1) Root-stock selection: select 2 years blue or green maples of life, carries out lopping at distance, 1.3 meters, ground and becomes stock;

(2) scion is selected: the annotinous branch that the peripheral middle and upper part of clip elite stand tree crown is fully ripe, healthy and strong, eye is full as scion, scion band 3 full buds;

(3) cleft grafting: at 23 DEG C of temperature, carries out straight snips in stock leading thread 5 centimeters, splits a cutter from kernel of section is vertical, split mouth long 3 centimetres, in both sides, scion lower end, be respectively whittled into tapered ramp wide outside and narrow inside with sharp knife, long 3 centimetres, then scion is inserted in rootstock opening-cleaving, make anvil, the alignment of fringe two sides formation layer, use the binding method of hexagram watt formula with plastic strip from bottom to top, stock, scion tighten are tied up sternly, and tension stamps knot, in case air-dry and rain penetration;

(4) more post processing: connect interface healing in latter 30 days, stock rudiment of erasing in time, will carry out after grafting earthing up in case rolled over by wind.