CN103766143A - Double-cut surface high-low level joint grafting technology for Torreya grandis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-cut surface high-low level joint grafting technology for Torreya grandis. The joint grafting technology is a new grafting method that the long cut surface of a stock is inwards cut bias from bottom to top to the truncation surface, and moreover, the root of the long cut surface of the stock is vertically cut downwards along the part between bark and xylem to form the short cut of the stock; the long cut surface of a scion and the long cut surface of the stock are grafted in a joint manner; the short cut surface of the scion is inserted into the short cut of the stock, and thus, not only is the conjunction degree of the scion and the stock high, are the scion and the stock high more tightly and is the healing power stronger but also the scion is basically vertical upwards, and crown inclination cannot occur after the scion survives; only branches, a terminal bud and 4-5 leaves of the scion are kept, so that the transpiration of the blades is reduced, and the moisture loss is reduced. According to the joint grafting technology disclosed by the invention, only the terminal bud, which is about 1cm, of the scion is kept, and thus, the distance from the stock to the terminal bud is shortened, the sprouting capability of the terminal bud is enhanced, and the grafting survival rate reaches up to 98 percent. A Torreya grandis grafted plant is upright; the crown does not incline; the grouting capability is strong; the crown can be rapidly formed.

Description

The subsides grafting technology of the two bevel high-low-positions of a kind of Chinese torreya

Technical field

The present invention relates to Chinese torreya graft technology, be specifically related to the subsides grafting technology of the two bevel high-low-positions of a kind of Chinese torreya.

Background technology

Chinese torreya ( torreya grandis) genus taxaceae (Taxaceae) Chinese torreya genus (Torreya Arn) gymnosperm, aiphyllium, dioecism.It is that logging is used, medicinal, fruit is used, multipurpose rare tree, the rare dry fruit of Ye Shi Zhejiang Province characteristic and the woody oleiferous plants crop of good quality and high output are used and viewed and admired, afforest to oil.Chinese torreya is the improved seeds that the variation type of Chinese torreya obtains through artificial cultivation, and graft seedling growth is the main propagation method of Chinese torreya, and conventional grafting method mainly contains cleft graft, pastes whip grafting, the method for plant propagation with cutting etc.As the publication number application for a patent for invention that is CN1887046, disclose Chinese torreya branch grafting technology, utilize Chinese torreya sapling for stock, in stock, stem Lower Half is mitered into the slightly longitudinal cut with xylem from the top down, for stock otch, within 1 year, raw branch is as scionwood section, scionwood segment length 6-7cm, scionwood section has the long long bevel of 3-4cm, the short bevel that the back side of long bevel has 0.5-1cm to grow, and scionwood Duan Yichang bevel is inwardly, short bevel is in external square type insertion stock otch, then tighten, shelter from heat or light and breed, treat that scionwood section survives, then block the tree crown of stock.This subsides whip grafting only has a stock otch of cutting sth. askew from the top down, although scion is two tangent planes, but scionwood section and stock otch wedging degree deficiency, and scion is oblique grafting, so be also easily partially preced with after surviving, growth after impact cultivation, though reservation tree crown is bred in addition, there is nutrient competition in scionwood section and stock, survival rate is still lower.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of scionwood section and stock otch wedging degree is high, has avoided the nutrient competition of stock and scionwood section, and survival rate is higher, the subsides grafting technology of the two bevel high-low-positions of Chinese torreya of not partially being preced with after surviving.

The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: the subsides grafting technology of the two bevel high-low-positions of a kind of Chinese torreya, and its step is as follows:

The selection of a, stock and cutting: annual 2-3 month, select the Chinese torreya of eugonic 2-3, block tree crown at liftoff 10-15cm place, truncation surface cuts smooth as stock, removes stock side shoot and rudiment; From the bottom up to truncation surface, inside splay out the long bevel of stock of 2.5-3.0cm, angle between the long bevel of stock and vertical plane is 2-6 degree, then at the base portion of the long bevel of this stock, along being cut into vertically downward the dark short mouth of cutting of stock for 0.5-1.0cm between bark and xylem, revise the long bevel of stock and the short mouth of cutting of stock; After two cutting, form high position length, 2 short otch of low level at stock, can make the wedging degree of scion and stock improve, nutrition and moisture content exchange are convenient, and scion is not preced with partially;

The selection of b, scion and cutting: annual 2-3 month, select well-grown, colory Chinese torreya elite stand, on elite stand, the full 1 year raw Chinese torreya side shoot of clip terminal bud is as scionwood section; Scionwood segment length is 4-5cm, and 4-5 sheet leaf is stayed at terminal bud place; In scion one side from the top down to base portion, to be inwardly mitered into tangent plane long for 3.1-3.6cm, tangent plane are the long bevel of scion of 40-50% scionwood section diameter the most deeply, then at the reverse side of the long bevel of scion from the top down to base portion, be inwardly mitered into the long 0.5-1.0cm of being of tangent plane, tangent plane is the short bevel of scion of 30-40% scionwood section diameter the most deeply; So just make scion base portion be wedge shape;

C, grafting: with the long bevel of scion and the long bevel of stock amplexiform, the short bevel of scion inserts the short mode grafting of cutting mouthful of stock, wherein the short base portion of cutting mouth of the base portion of scionwood section and stock pushes against, the truncation surface 0.1-0.15cm of stock is exposed in the long bevel of scion upper end; After grafting, press a circle to be wound around wrapping with plastic tape is bottom-up by same direction one circle; The long bevel of 0.1-0.15cm scion is not affixed with stock and exposes stock top, calls " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally ";

D, managing after grafting: avoid direct sunlight, daily water and fertilizer management, prevents from wrapping up position ponding, remove wrapping plastic tape then by the end of June at the beginning of to 7 month, remove then shade October.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that the subsides grafting technology of the two bevel high-low-positions of a kind of Chinese torreya, this subsides grafting technology is the long bevel of stock for from the bottom up to truncation surface, inwardly splay, and at the base portion of the long bevel of stock, along having cut vertically downward the short mouth of cutting of stock between bark and xylem, the long bevel of scion and the long bevel of stock amplexiform, the short bevel of scion inserts the short new mode grafting of cutting mouth of stock, not only make scion and stock wedging degree high, contact tightr, healing ability is stronger, also makes scion perpendicular upwards, after surviving, can partially not be preced with; Scion of the present invention only retains branch terminal bud 4-5 sheet leaf, reduces the transpiration of blade, thereby reduces moisture loss; The present invention blocks tree crown, has retained 10 ~ 15cm stock length, has avoided the nutrient competition of stock and scionwood section, and scion can make full use of the growth potential of stock, is conducive to its late growing stage; The present invention removes bevel part, and the terminal bud that scion has only retained about 1cm left and right, has shortened the distance between stock and terminal bud, is conducive to the transportation of nutriment, thereby strengthens the rudiment ability of terminal bud, and graft survival rate is up to 98%; The Chinese torreya grafting plant that the present invention obtains is upright, and tree crown is not preced with partially, and rudiment ability is strong, fast capping.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.

Embodiment 1

The subsides stem grafting method of the two bevel high-low-positions of Chinese torreya, the selection of stock and cutting: annual 2-3 month, select the Chinese torreya of eugonic 2-3, block tree crown at liftoff 10-15cm place, truncation surface cuts smooth as stock, removes stock side shoot and rudiment, from the bottom up to truncation surface, inwardly splay out the long bevel of stock of 2.5cm, the long bevel of stock is upper dark lower shallow tangent plane, angle between the long bevel of stock and vertical plane is 2-6 degree (general tangent plane upper part cuts xylem a little), then at the base portion of the long bevel of this stock, along being cut into vertically downward between bark and xylem, the dark stock for 1.0cm is short cuts that mouthful (form in one is xylem, outer is the otch of bark cortex), revise the long bevel of stock and the short mouth of cutting of stock, after two cutting, form high-order long at stock, 2 otch that low level is short, scion and stock wedging degree improve, the exchange of nutrition and moisture content is convenient, and scion is not preced with partially, the selection of scion and cutting: annual 2-3 month, select well-grown, colory Chinese torreya elite stand, on elite stand, the full 1 year raw Chinese torreya side shoot of clip terminal bud is as scionwood section, scionwood segment length is 4-5cm, and 4-5 sheet leaf is stayed at terminal bud place, in scion one side from the top down to base portion, be inwardly mitered into tangent plane long for 3.6cm, tangent plane be the long bevel of scion of 40-50% scionwood section diameter (approximately approaching scion central point) the most deeply, then at the reverse side of the long bevel of scion from the top down to base portion, be inwardly mitered into tangent plane long for 1.0cm, tangent plane be the short bevel of scion of 30-40% scionwood section diameter the most deeply, so just make scion base portion be wedge shape, treated scion, keep bevel smooth, preferably grafting at once, grafting: with the long bevel of scion and the long bevel of stock amplexiform, the short bevel of scion inserts the short mode grafting of cutting mouthful of stock, wherein the short base portion of cutting mouth of the base portion of scionwood section and stock pushes against, the truncation surface 0.12cm of stock is just exposed in the long bevel of scion upper end, the long bevel of scion inwardly amplexiforms on the long bevel of stock and the short bevel of stock like this, absorb short nutrition and the moisture of cutting mouthful of the long bevel of stock and stock, the short bevel of scion is also supported and is exchanged with amplexiforming at the short mouthful enterprising field headquarters of cutting of stock, after grafting, press a circle to be wound around wrapping with plastic tape is bottom-up by same direction one circle, managing after grafting: avoid direct sunlight, daily water and fertilizer management, prevents from wrapping up position ponding, removes wrapping plastic tape then by the end of June at the beginning of to 7 month, remove then shade October, and graft survival rate can be up to 98%.Generally can, according to the rugosity of stock, cut grafting at stock different parts simultaneously; The wooden Chinese torreya of life in general 2 years is selected 1 cutting position, and within 3 years, the wooden Chinese torreya of life can be selected 2-3 cutting position, and stock is thicker, can select cutting portion position more.

Embodiment 2

Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference be the long bevel of stock deeply for 3.0cm, stock is short, and to cut mouthful dark be a 0.5cm, the long bevel of scion is long is 3.6cm, the short bevel of scion is long is 0.5cm, the long bevel of scion exposes stock otch 0.1cm.

Embodiment 3

Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference be the long bevel of stock deeply for 2.75cm, stock is short, and to cut mouthful dark be a 0.6cm, the long bevel of scion is long is 3.5cm, the short bevel of scion is long is 0.6cm, the long bevel of scion exposes stock otch 0.15cm.

Embodiment 4

Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference be the long bevel of stock deeply for 2.5cm, stock is short, and to cut mouthful dark be a 0.5cm, the long bevel of scion is long is 3.1cm, the short bevel of scion is long is 0.5cm, the long bevel of scion exposes stock otch 0.1cm.

Claims (1)

1. a subsides grafting technology for the two bevel high-low-positions of Chinese torreya, its step is as follows:

The selection of a, stock and cutting: annual 2-3 month, select the Chinese torreya of eugonic 2-3, block tree crown at liftoff 10-15cm place, truncation surface cuts smooth as stock, removes stock side shoot and rudiment; From the bottom up to truncation surface, inside splay out the long bevel of stock of 2.5-3.0cm, angle between the long bevel of stock and vertical plane is 2-6 degree, then at the base portion of the long bevel of this stock, along being cut into vertically downward the dark short mouth of cutting of stock for 0.5-1.0cm between bark and xylem, revise the long bevel of stock and the short mouth of cutting of stock;

The selection of b, scion and cutting: annual 2-3 month, select well-grown, colory Chinese torreya elite stand, on elite stand, the full 1 year raw Chinese torreya side shoot of clip terminal bud is as scionwood section; Scionwood segment length is 4-5cm, and 4-5 sheet leaf is stayed at terminal bud place; In scion one side from the top down to base portion, to be inwardly mitered into tangent plane long for 3.1-3.6cm, tangent plane are the long bevel of scion of 40-50% scionwood section diameter the most deeply, then at the reverse side of the long bevel of scion from the top down to base portion, be inwardly mitered into the long 0.5-1.0cm of being of tangent plane, tangent plane is the short bevel of scion of 30-40% scionwood section diameter the most deeply;

C, grafting: with the long bevel of scion and the long bevel of stock amplexiform, the short bevel of scion inserts the short mode grafting of cutting mouthful of stock, wherein the short base portion of cutting mouth of the base portion of scionwood section and stock pushes against, the truncation surface 0.1-0.15cm of stock is exposed in the long bevel of scion upper end; After grafting, press a circle to be wound around wrapping with plastic tape is bottom-up by same direction one circle;

D, managing after grafting: avoid direct sunlight, daily water and fertilizer management, prevents from wrapping up position ponding, remove wrapping plastic tape then by the end of June at the beginning of to 7 month, remove then shade October.