CN105584430A - 具有边缘/拐角限定嵌入件的被包裹部件组件 - Google Patents

具有边缘/拐角限定嵌入件的被包裹部件组件 Download PDF

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CN105584430A
CN105584430A CN201510764943.6A CN201510764943A CN105584430A CN 105584430 A CN105584430 A CN 105584430A CN 201510764943 A CN201510764943 A CN 201510764943A CN 105584430 A CN105584430 A CN 105584430A
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edge
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CN105584430B (zh
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詹姆士·哈德利·马尔特
艾伦·柯蒂斯·莫兰杰里
沙里奇·阿拉姆
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Abstract

本发明提供一种具有边缘/拐角限定嵌入件的被包裹部件组件。嵌入件在部件的边缘或拐角处被装配到稍后会包裹有切割并缝制的外罩的基本内部部件。所述组件包括基底、嵌入件和罩。基底具有基边缘并且嵌入件具有轮廓限定边缘，在基边缘与轮廓限定边缘对齐时嵌入件附连到基底。罩包裹在嵌入件和基底之上以提供罩在轮廓限定边缘之上的被包裹的边缘。一种制造车辆的被覆盖的内部部件的方法包括：将具有轮廓限定边缘的嵌入件固定到内部面板，并利用罩包裹嵌入件和内部面板。

Description

具有边缘/拐角限定嵌入件的被包裹部件组件
技术领域
本公开涉及包裹有装饰性覆盖材料的设置有尖锐的拐角或边缘的部件。
背景技术
诸如汽车、卡车、船、飞机等的交通工具可提供内部部件，这些部件设置有被覆盖材料(例如，皮革或其它优质材料)包裹的表面。例如，诸如门内护板、仪表板和内饰件的内部面板可覆盖有手工包裹的真皮罩。罩可被切割并缝制成外罩包裹在没有皮革包裹而被出售的金属或塑料基本等级内侧板上。
可通过去除外表面区域来准备基本等级的内部面板(具有较少特点并且可以以较低的价格供应的较低内饰等级的内部面板)用于包裹以适应所完成的被包裹组件的增加的厚度。通过皮革包裹而造成的与相邻部件的干涉可通过将基本等级的内部部件的关键区域进行磨削而消除。例如，基本等级的仪表板的表面可在通气孔嵌入件的区域中被磨削，通气孔嵌入件作为插入部件装配到由皮革包裹的部件限定的开口。
利用皮革包裹基本等级的内部部件倾向于创建比基本等级的内部部件具有更圆的边缘和拐角(具有更大的拐角半径)的被包裹的部件。这种部件的边缘必须匹配其它部件(例如，以上所述的被设计成被容纳在基本等级内部部件中的开口内的具有直角边缘的插入通气孔)的边缘。在部件包裹有被切割并缝制的外罩时如果边缘是圆的，则在边缘和匹配的部件之间(例如，在装配的部件和皮革包裹的部件之间或在皮革包裹的部件和门或其它闭合的板之间)会限定不期望的大间隙。
如下面概述的，本公开针对解决以上问题和其它问题。
发明内容
提出将一种限定有有尖锐的边缘的嵌入件，该嵌入件装配到稍后被包裹切割并缝制的外罩的基本内部部件的边缘或拐角处。嵌入件可用在关注包裹的紧固度或者与邻近部件产生的干涉的边缘或拐角处。嵌入件的尖锐的边缘被定位在内部部件的起其尖锐度是重要的边缘或拐角处。嵌入件可通过紧固机构(例如，大头钉、U形钉或粘合剂)连接。紧固机构可被模制到嵌入件中。基本等级内部部件可与被设计为容纳嵌入件的定位特征一起加工(磨削或钻孔)或模制。
形成在嵌入件上的拐角或边缘可以是被形成为凸起的肋的尖锐的拐角或可设置有球端或圆柱形边缘。凸起的肋、球端或圆柱形边缘的高度可基于包裹材料的柔韧度来确定。
嵌入件可由相对硬的塑料制成，而能由三元乙丙(EPDM)橡胶或具有合适的硬度的另一个弹性体或聚合物制成，以在被覆盖材料包裹之后限定拐角区域。为了在边缘或拐角处实现柔韧度和刚度的期望的平衡，其它材料(例如，闭孔泡沫、双注射成型材料等)可用来形成嵌入件。
根据本公开的一方面，提供一种组件，所述组件包括基底、嵌入件和罩。基底具有基边缘并且嵌入件具有轮廓限定边缘，在轮廓限定边缘与基边缘对齐时嵌入件附连到基底。罩包裹在嵌入件和基底之上，以提供罩在轮廓限定边缘之上的被包裹的边。
根据本公开的另一方面，嵌入件可具有内表面和外表面，所述内表面附连到所述基底，所述外表面被定向为背对所述基底。轮廓限定边缘的边缘半径小于基边缘的标称半径。轮廓限定边缘从远离内表面(或“B”侧)的外表面(或“A”侧)向外延伸。
所述嵌入件可具有第一腿和第二腿，第一腿附连到基底的面对壁，第二腿附连到基底的从面对壁延伸到基底中的凹入限定壁。所述轮廓限定边缘形成在第一壁和第二壁的相交处。或者，所述嵌入件可具有第一腿和第二腿，第一腿附连到基底的面对壁，第二腿附连到基底的从面对壁延伸到基底中的凹入限定壁。所述轮廓限定边缘被设置在邻近第一壁和第二壁的相交处的第一腿上，并从远离内表面的外表面延伸。
所述基边缘可在嵌入件的轮廓限定边缘与基边缘平行的情况下在基底的外拐角周围延伸。所述嵌入件可包括在外嵌入件拐角处的球形端。
所述组件还可包括用于将所述嵌入件附连到基底的构件。用于附连嵌入件的构件可以是涂覆在嵌入件和基底之间用于将嵌入件固定到基底的粘合剂。或者，附连构件可以是将嵌入件连接到基底的机械紧固件。
本公开的另一方面涉及一种制造车辆的被覆盖的部件的方法。所述包括：选择包括边缘的内部面板的步骤，在轮廓限定边缘与基底的边缘分隔开并平行时将具有轮廓限定边缘的嵌入件固定到内部面板，并利用罩包裹嵌入件和内部面板，该盖在轮廓限定边缘之上限定有拐角。
根据所述方法的其它方面，所述方法可包括：对内部面板邻近边缘的区域进行磨削，以在邻近部件与被覆盖部件之间提供间隙的进一步的步骤。或者，所述方法可包括：在内部面板上的邻近边缘的区域中模制凹入区域，以相对于邻近被覆盖部件的部件提供间隙的步骤，然后，将嵌入件装配到凹入区域上。
所述方法还可包括：在嵌入件和内部面板之间涂覆粘合剂，利用粘合剂将嵌入件固定到内部面板。或者，所述方法可包括利用机械紧固件将嵌入件固定到内部面板以将嵌入件连接到内部面板的步骤。
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的以上方面和其它方面。
附图说明
图1是内部面板的具有被包裹在轮廓限定嵌入件上的覆盖材料的一部分的局部透视图，为了可视，部分覆盖材料被局部地去除。
图2是根据本公开形成的组件的分解透视图。
图3是沿着根据本公开形成的组件的一个实施例的图1中的线3-3截取的局部的截面图。
图4是根据本公开形成的组件的另一个实施例与图3类似的局部的截面图。
图5是根据本公开形成的组件的另一个实施例与图3类似的局部的截面图。
图6是根据本公开形成的组件的另一个实施例与图3类似的局部的截面图。
图7是根据本公开形成的组件的另一个实施例与图3类似的局部的截面图。
图8是沿着根据本公开形成的组件的另一个实施例的图1中的线8-8截取的局部的截面图。
图9是在嵌入件的三侧的顶点处限定圆角的这种嵌入件的局部的透视图。
图10是在嵌入件的三侧的顶点处限定圆角并其中两个侧的相交处限定圆柱边缘的另一种嵌入件的局部的透视图。
具体实施方式
参照附图公开示出的实施例。然而，应理解的是，公开的实施例仅为可以采用各种和替代的形式实施的示例。附图不一定按比例绘制，可放大或缩小一些特征以示出特定部件的细节。所公开的具体结构和功能细节不应被解释为限制，而仅作为用于教导本领域技术人员如何实践所公开的构思的代表性基础。
参照图1，被包裹的内部部件组件10或“组件”被示出为包括基底部件12，在利用罩16覆盖组件之前，叠加的嵌入件14被装配在基底部件12上。基底部件12可以是汽车的内部部件(例如，仪表盘、内侧门板、控制台、手套箱门、座椅等)。
嵌入件14靠近基底部件12的基边缘18被装配到基底部件12。嵌入件14包括被定位为与基边缘18对齐的轮廓限定边缘20。轮廓限定边缘20位于基边缘18的外部并在罩16包裹在组件、嵌入件和基底12上时提供尖锐的特征线。
虽然间隔件24可被装配在基底部件12和叠加的嵌入件14之间以提供衬垫的感觉而增强了皮罩16的柔韧度，但是没必要将其装配在每个组件10中。间隔件24可以是泡沫层或泡沫板。如图1中所示，间隔件24在基底部件12上延伸，并部分地在叠加的嵌入件14上延伸，而没有在轮廓限定边缘20上延伸。在下面描述的几个实施例中，间隔件24在轮廓限定边缘20上延伸。
基底部件12包括基底部件12的面对壁26或外表面。在许多应用中，基底部件可以是包括部件的A级表面的乙烯基部件。通过利用高品质覆盖材料(例如，皮革)包裹基底部件12而提供更高等级的装饰。虽然皮革是最常见的高品质覆盖材料，但是也可以由其他高品质织物或材料进行覆盖。在许多情况下，在组件10会与装配后的部件或相邻的车辆部件产生干涉的区域磨削或机加工基底部件12，以便为包裹罩16提供间隙。基底部件12还可包括从面对壁26向内延伸的侧壁28。侧壁28也需要机加工以便为了将罩16增设到到组件10而提供间隙。
可设置相对于面对壁26向内延伸的凹入限定壁30。凹入限定壁30在基底部件12中限定有凹入或开口，凹入或开口可用于嵌入附连件32(例如，通气孔、装饰件等)。或者，壁30可适合于容纳不同的部件或可与另一个插入部件对齐。附连件32可以是卡入式部件、粘附固定部件或在罩16附连到组件10之后被另外紧固到基底部件12的部件。叠加的嵌入件14具有内表面34，内表面34以面对面的关系位于基底部件12的面对壁26上。叠加的嵌入件14还包括与内表面34背对的外表面36。外表面36优选地朝向基底部件12的面对壁26锥形化，以减小在附连罩16之后嵌入件可被识别或被发觉到的可能。
参照图2，组件10被示出为组件10的一小段的分解透视图。组件10包括具有基边缘18的基底部件12。基底部件12包括在罩16包裹组件10时被罩16覆盖的面对壁26和侧壁28。嵌入件14设置有轮廓限定边缘20，在嵌入件14装配到基底12上时，轮廓限定边缘20通常沿着基边缘18。嵌入件14的内表面34附连到基底12的面对壁26。嵌入件14的外表面36与基底12的面对壁26大致面对相同的方向。外表面36朝向基底部件12的面对壁26锥形化。间隔件24被示出为设置在插入件14的外表面36和罩16之间。
图3至图8示出了包括几种不同类型的嵌入件的组件10的几个不同的实施例。参照图3，示出了与图1和图2中示出的嵌入件类似的嵌入件14被装配到基底12。基底12限定有基边缘18，而嵌入件14包括轮廓限定边缘20。间隔件24可横跨嵌入件14的外表面36延伸并在轮廓限定边缘20之上延伸，以另外覆盖组件10的侧壁28。卡入式紧固件38可被设置作为嵌入件14的一体模制成型部分，以将嵌入件14固定到基底12。或者，如下面参照图4示出和描述的，卡入式紧固件可以是螺钉或单独的卡入式紧固件38。
参照图4，嵌入件14被示出为装配到外表面凹入40中，凹入40形成在基底部件12的面对壁26中。示出了螺钉42用于将嵌入件14固定到基底部件12。间隔件24装配到嵌入件14和基底12的面对壁26之上。凹入40将嵌入件定位在基底12上。凹入40可通过对基底12的表面进行机加工或磨削以从基底12去除材料而形成。或者，可模制基底部件12来限定凹入40。基底12可被钻孔以形成容纳螺钉42或卡入式紧固件38(图3中所示)的孔或开口。
圆柱形区域46可被设置在轮廓限定边缘20处以提供更耐用的轮廓限定边缘20，这种更耐用的轮廓限定边缘20提供小半径的轮廓限定边缘20而不是尖锐的点(如图1至图3所示)。
参照图5，示出了被安装在凹入50中的拐角嵌入件48。拐角嵌入件48可通过粘合剂52固定到基底12。倒置的V-形突起56设置在拐角嵌入件48上相对于侧壁28横向地凹入的位置。倒置的V-形突起56设置在拐角嵌入件48的顶表面58上。间隔件24在被罩16覆盖之前装配到顶表面58和基底12之上。
参照图6，示出了拐角嵌入件48的另一个实施例，该拐角嵌入件48通过粘合剂52固定到基底12。拐角嵌入件48包括位于拐角嵌入件48的拐角60处的倒置的V-形突起56。V-形突起56相对于拐角嵌入件48的面对壁26和侧壁28对角线延伸。间隔件24装配在拐角嵌入件48和基底12之上但却没有延伸到V-型突起56之上。罩16装配在嵌入件48、基底12和间隔件24之上。
参照图7，示出了另一个拐角嵌入件48，该拐角嵌入件48被装配在基底12的基边缘18上。倒置的V-形突起56从嵌入件48的侧部62延伸。嵌入件48装配在通过机加工或模制而形成在基底12中的凹入50中，如前面所述。间隔件织物24被示出为装配在面对壁26和侧壁28之上。间隔件24还在突起56和嵌入件48之上延伸。
参照图8，这个视图是在图1中截取的截面图以示出在适于容纳附连件32(例如，通气孔或装饰件)的凹入限定壁30中的拐角嵌入件48的应用。拐角嵌入件48被装配到基底12以在附连件32邻近基底12的区域中提供尖锐的拐角。如图8中所示，嵌入件48不包括突起而是呈L-型，并沿着基底的边缘延伸，使得基边缘18和基底12处于轮廓限定边缘20的内侧。罩16和泡沫间隔件24在面对壁26、拐角嵌入件48和凹入限定壁30之上延伸。
参照图9，示出了球型圆角64，该球型圆角64可设置在图1至图4中所示出的嵌入件14上或图5至图8中示出的拐角嵌入件48上。球型圆角64提供小半径的略圆的端部。球型圆角64减小了成角的尖锐度并减小了刺穿罩16的任何趋势。
参照图10，示出了拐角嵌入件48的另一个可选的实施例，该拐角嵌入件48包括球型圆角64，球型圆角64设置在嵌入件的三面相交的位置处。圆柱形边缘46设置在引向球型圆角64的边缘上。圆柱形边缘46提供嵌入件48的两个面之间的圆形的线性边缘。球型圆角64或圆柱形边缘46提供罩16包裹在其上的较小半径的表面，如以上参照图1至图8描述的。
虽然图1至图4的实施例被示出为具有三角形突起相对于基底部件12向上延伸，然而应理解，三角形突起可与图6中示出的突起56类似沿着对角线方向被定位，或可与图7中示出的拐角插入件48类似在基底12的侧壁28之上延伸。
参照附图示出和描述的结构元件可以被修改或与附图的其它图中示出的其它结构特征结合。上面描述的实施例是具体的示例，这些示例没有描述本公开的所有可能的形式。所示出的实施例的特征可以结合以形成公开的构思的进一步的实施例。说明书中使用的词语是描述性的而非限制性的。权利要求的范围大于具体公开的实施例并且还包括所示出的实施例的变型。

Claims (18)

1.一种组件，包括：
基底，具有基边缘；
嵌入件，包括轮廓限定边缘，与所述基边缘相比，所述轮廓限定边缘具有减小的半径，在基边缘与轮廓限定边缘对齐的情况下所述嵌入件附连到所述基底；以及
罩，包裹所述嵌入件和所述基底。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中，所述嵌入件具有内表面和外表面，所述内表面适于被附连到所述基底，所述外表面被定向为背对所述基底。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组件，其中，所述轮廓限定边缘从远离内表面的外表面延伸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中，所述嵌入件具有第一腿和第二腿，第一腿附连到基底的面对壁，第二腿附连到基底的限定从面对壁延伸到基底中的凹入的壁，其中，所述轮廓限定边缘形成在面对壁和限定凹入的壁的相交处。
5.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中，所述嵌入件具有第一腿和第二腿，第一腿附连到基底的面对壁，第二腿附连到基底的限定从面对壁延伸到基底中的凹入的壁，其中，所述轮廓限定边缘设置在邻近面对壁和限定凹入的壁的相交处的第一腿上，并从与背对被附连到基底的内表面的外表面延伸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组件，其中，所述基边缘在基底的外拐角周围延伸，并且嵌入件的轮廓限定边缘与基边缘平行以在外嵌考虑入件拐角周围延伸。
7.根据权利要求6所述的组件，其中，所述嵌入件包括位于三个面在外嵌入件拐角处的相交处的圆角端。
8.根据权利要求1所述的组件，所述组件还包括：将所述嵌入件附连到基底的构件。
9.根据权利要求1所述的组件，所述组件还包括：涂覆在嵌入件和基底之间用于将嵌入件固定到基底的粘合剂。
10.根据权利要求1所述的组件，所述组件还包括：将嵌入件连接到基底的机械紧固件。
11.一种制造车辆的被覆盖的部件的方法，包括：
选择包括边缘的内部面板；
将具有轮廓限定边缘的嵌入件固定到内部面板，使得轮廓限定边缘与内部面板的边缘分隔开并平行；以及
利用罩包裹嵌入件和内部面板，所述罩在轮廓限定边缘之上限定有拐角。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括：在将嵌入件固定到内部面板之后以及在利用罩包裹嵌入件和内部面板之前，将间隔件装配到嵌入件上。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，间隔件被定位在嵌入件上而在轮廓限定边缘上延伸。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，间隔件被定位在嵌入件上位于邻近轮廓限定边缘的位置。
15.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括：
对内部面板进行加工以在邻近边缘处形成凹入区域，从而在邻近部件与覆盖部件之间提供间隙；以及
将嵌入件装配到凹入区域上。
16.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括：
在内部面板上的邻近边缘的区域中模制凹入区域，以在邻近部件与覆盖部件之间提供间隙；以及
将嵌入件装配到凹入区域上。
17.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括：
在嵌入件和内部面板之间涂覆粘合剂；以及
利用粘合剂将嵌入件固定到内部面板。
18.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括：
利用机械紧固件将嵌入件固定到内部面板以将嵌入件连接到内部面板。
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