CN105580689A - South-reproduction and north-seedling-growing tea tree cuttage breeding method - Google Patents
South-reproduction and north-seedling-growing tea tree cuttage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105580689A CN105580689A CN201610034964.7A CN201610034964A CN105580689A CN 105580689 A CN105580689 A CN 105580689A CN 201610034964 A CN201610034964 A CN 201610034964A CN 105580689 A CN105580689 A CN 105580689A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea tree cuttage breeding, and particularly relates to a south-reproduction and north-seedling-growing tea tree cuttage breeding method. The south-reproduction and north-seedling-growing tea tree cuttage breeding method includes the following steps that 1, in the south cuttage rooting stage, scions are collected in a parent material orchard in the south, the cuttage time is from mid September to early October, the cultivation period is 6-7 months, the scions are transplanted to the north after 80% or above of the scions take roots, and the scions continue to be cultivated till finished seedlings come out of a nursery; 2, in the north cultivating and seedling strengthening stage, the rooting cuttage seedlings and shallow cuttage trays containing cuttage matrixes are stacked layer by layer to be placed into a cold storage vehicle and transported to the tea tree breeding nursery in the north for domestication, thorough watering is carried out after field planting, and the tea tree seedlings can come out of the nursery after meeting the national tea tree seedling standard. The south-reproduction and north-seedling-growing tea tree cuttage breeding method can be adopted in the north high-latitude area cold in winter, and the overwintering seedling growing cost of the tea-tree short scion cuttage seedlings can be reduced; meanwhile, the seedling growing period can be shortened, and the survival rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tea cutting raising technology field, relate in particular to one " Nan Fanbei educates " tea cutting mating system.
Background technology
The expanding propagation method of tea tree has two kinds of generative propagation and vegetative propagations, and wherein generative propagation meeting destroys the shape of parent own, can make the existing merit of tea tree be difficult to preserve; Vegetative propagation can preserve the merit of parent, and therefore clone tea place characters of progenies is more consistent, in addition, management is convenient in clone tea place and machine is adopted, be conducive to expand rapidly breeding tea place, fresh leaf even thickness, tender degree are consistent, are convenient to the exploitations of processing and Famous High-quality Tea. At present, single node cutting is that national Ge Cha district uses the method for breeding the most widely clonal cultivar seedling. In recent years, the development scale of the northern high latitude tea district tealeaves such as Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi progressively expands, and the demand of clonal cultivar seedling also increases year by year. The Clone tea seedling that local single node cutting is bred has resistance, strong adaptability, transplanting survival rate high, welcome by tea grower and tea enterprise.
From eighties of last century nineties, tealeaves engineering department just attempts with aseptic new loess cuttage tea shoot, adopts film moisturizing, insulation and the sunshade net technology of sheltering from heat or light, through constantly putting into practice simultaneously, obtain successful experience, how to have promoted this single node cutting raising technology afterwards. But northern high latitude tea district, due to the restriction of tea tree short fringe fringe source and cuttage seasonal climate condition, carry out single node cutting the autumn of being everlasting, but due to high latitude tea district cold in winter, cuttage nursery need to, by hot house or greenhouse heat-insulating ability safe overwintering, increase the cost of surviving the winter of growing seedlings greatly. In addition, the growing-seedling period of northern high latitude tea district tea shoot is longer, needs more than 18 months, the many 4-6 in more southern tea district months, has increased the cost of land of growing seedlings. And if local tea shoot is priced low, the enterprise of growing seedlings is profitless; If local tea shoot price is high, tea grower, tea enterprise purchase intention are not strong. Therefore, survive the winter that cost is high, cost of land is high, growing-seedling period grows up to the principal element for restricting the district's Clone tea seedling large-scale production of northern high latitude tea.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of " Nan Fanbei educates " tea cutting mating system is provided, and the northern high latitude tea district that it can be cold is in the winter time used, and can reduce the tea tree cutting seedling seedling cost of surviving the winter, also can shorten growing-seedling period, and survival rate is high simultaneously.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of " Nan Fanbei educates " tea cutting mating system, comprises the following steps:
(1) the southern cuttage root-taking stage: gather scion at southern maternal plant garden, before cuttage, the cuttage tray water that cutting medium is housed is run through, in the cuttage tray running through at water, cutting medium is housed, carry out single node cutting, after sticking with, each tray waters immediately, at the beginning of cutting time is mid-September-10 month, nurturing period: 6-7 month, after more than 80% taking root, be transplanted to the north and continue to cultivate to seedling and go out garden;
(2) stage in strong sprout is cultivated in the north: after related the cuttage seeding of the taking root cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed is stacked layer by layer, pack in refrigerator car, be transported to northern tea tree propagation nursery and carry out acclimatization culture: every mu of nursery lot is used 50kg n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer, the nutrient content ratio of described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer is N:P2O5：K2O=20:10:10, mixes n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer and furrow face soil thoroughly, and whole soil does furrow, and cuttage seeding carrying substrates is transplanted, and when transplanting, matrix is embedded in undergroundly, and matrix upper cover 2-3cm soil, waters permeablely after field planting, and tea shoot reaches national tea tree seedling standard can go out garden.
The preparation method of described cutting medium is: the each component that takes following parts by weight: peat 40-50 part, vermiculite 20-28 part, purple potato seedling 12-19 part, wheat straw 10-16 part, eastern wall soil 6-10 part, watermelon peel 10-15 part, madder 5-9 part, oyster shell whiting 8-15 part, peach leaf 9-15 part, mix load weighted above-mentioned each component; In mixture, add water, the water content that makes described cutting medium is 70%-90%. Cutting medium of the present invention can provide abundant nutrient and trace element for cuttage seeding, and cutting medium permeability of the present invention is good, can play good adjusting facilitation to the growth of cuttage seeding, is conducive to the growth of cuttage seeding.
Preferably, the preparation method of described cutting medium is: the each component that takes following parts by weight: 45 parts, peat, 25 parts of vermiculites, 15 parts of purple potato seedlings, 12 parts of wheat straws, 8 parts, eastern wall soil, 12 parts of watermelon peels, 6 parts, madder, 10 parts of oyster shell whitings, 12 parts of peach leafs, after load weighted above-mentioned each component is pulverized with pulverizer respectively, cross 80 mesh sieves, then mix; In mixture, add water, the water content that makes described cutting medium is 70%-90%.
Preferably, in the southern cuttage root-taking stage of step (1), southern maternal plant garden is chosen in Xinchang city of Zhejiang Province or Fujian Province's Fu'an City, and its reason is great variety of goods, the scion abundance of Xinchang city of Zhejiang Province or Fujian Province's Fu'an City.
Further, the described cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed, stromal thickness is 10-13 centimetre, cuttage tray is rigid plastics tray that can stack layer by layer, rectangular, the length of cuttage tray be 50-100 centimetre, wide for 35-70 centimetre, high be 15-20 centimetre, the bottom of cuttage tray is provided with one or more osculums.
Preferably, the southern cuttage root-taking stage of step (1) is further comprising the steps of: the black sunshade net with 50-80% after cuttage covers, and before substrate block water-holding capacity root of hair, remains on 80-90%, remains on 70-80% after root of hair.
Preferably, in step (2), the transport temperature of refrigerator car is 10-21 DEG C, and air humidity is 60-70%.
Further, in step (2), being operating as of acclimatization culture: black sunshade net and plastic sheeting with light transmittance 50-60% after transplanting cover, sunshade net under, film is upper, mid or late April is taken off film, removes sunshade net the first tenday period of a month in May; During acclimatization culture, water capacity remains on 60-70%, 4-6 month, and to water and execute 5-6 time with the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution of 0.5-1.0%, the 7-8 month does not water and executes, and the 9-10 month waters and executes 2-3 time with 1.0% the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution.
" Nan Fanbei educates " of the present invention tea cutting mating system has the following advantages compared with traditional high latitude tea district tea cutting mode:
(1) avoided winter of the very long cold in high latitude tea district, be the winter of high latitude tea district cold annual February in December to the coming year, after single node cutting, during tea shoot root of hair, a little less than younger, cold tolerance is poor, need to be by hot house or greenhouse heat-insulating ability safe overwintering. And when winter approached, carry out tea tree single node cutting in the south of relative warmth, without building hot house or greenhouse, seedling cost will lower greatly. (2) shortened growing-seedling period, the northern high latitude tea district that temperature is lower in the winter time, after tea shoot cuttage, take root autumn slowly, 80% takes root needs more than 7 months, is difficult to seedling autumn in the coming year and goes out garden, need to continue to be cultured to the spring of next year, and the southern tea district that temperature is higher in the winter time, cuttage seeding gets final product 80% for 6 months and takes root, and cuttage seeding is transplanted to northern tea tree propagation nursery acclimatization culture after taking root, get final product seedling autumn in the coming year, greatly shortened growing-seedling period. (3) improved widely survival rate, cutting medium of the present invention can provide abundant nutrient and trace element for cuttage seeding, and cutting medium permeability of the present invention is good, can play good adjusting facilitation to the growth of cuttage seeding, be conducive to the growth of cuttage seeding; Cuttage seeding carrying substrates is transplanted, and when transplanting, matrix is embedded in undergroundly, and matrix upper cover 2-3cm soil, waters permeablely after field planting, be conducive to prick under root system, and planting percent of the present invention and outplanting rate are all significantly increased.
Detailed description of the invention
Following embodiment is convenient to understand better the present invention, but does not limit the present invention. Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Embodiment 1
A kind of " Nan Fanbei educates " tea cutting mating system, comprises the following steps:
(1) the southern cuttage root-taking stage: on October 7th, 2009, the special early scion in collection Pingyang, Xinchang city of Zhejiang Province, be cut into cuttings and carry out cuttage, before cuttage, the cuttage tray water that cutting medium is housed is run through, in the cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed, carry out single node cutting, after each tray sticks with, water immediately, at the beginning of cutting time is mid-September-10 month, nurturing period: 6-7 month, after more than 80% taking root, be transplanted to the north and continue to cultivate to seedling and go out garden;
(2) stage in strong sprout is cultivated in the north: cuttage garden, Xinchang city packs in refrigerator car after related the cuttage seeding of the taking root cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed being stacked layer by layer the morning on April 5th, 2010, be transported to northern tea tree propagation nursery and carry out acclimatization culture: every mu of nursery lot is used 50kg n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer, the nutrient content ratio of described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer is N:P2O5：K2O=20:10:10, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer and furrow face soil are mixed thoroughly, and whole soil does furrow, the long 20m of seedling furrow, wide 1m, high 15cm, then in the matrix of furrow face layer overlay 5-7cm, furrow ditch bottom width 30cm, face width 40cm(completed on April 5th, 2010), by cuttage seeding carrying substrates transplant, when transplanting matrix be embedded in underground, matrix upper cover 2-3cm soil, after field planting, water permeable, be beneficial to prick under root system, after transplanting, with light transmittance 50-60% sunshade net, plastic sheeting covers, sunshade net under, film, upper, was taken off film on April 29, removed net on May 16; During acclimatization culture, water capacity remains on 60-70%, 4-6 month, and to water and execute 5-6 time with the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution of 0.5-1.0%, the 7-8 month does not water and executes, and the 9-10 month waters and executes 2-3 time with 1.0% the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution, cuttage seeding sunrise garden in October 14.
Described northern tea tree propagation nursery ground is Qingdao Agricultural University's Tea Science Experimental Base.
The preparation method of described cutting medium is: the each component that takes following parts by weight: 40 parts, peat, 20 parts of vermiculites, 12 parts of purple potato seedlings, 10 parts of wheat straws, 6 parts, eastern wall soil, 10 parts of watermelon peels, 5 parts, madder, 8 parts of oyster shell whitings, 9 parts of peach leafs, mix load weighted above-mentioned each component; In mixture, add water, the water content that makes described cutting medium is 70%-90%. Cutting medium of the present invention can provide abundant nutrient and trace element for cuttage seeding, and cutting medium permeability of the present invention is good, can play good adjusting facilitation to the growth of cuttage seeding, is conducive to the growth of cuttage seeding.
In the southern cuttage root-taking stage of step (1), the reason that southern maternal plant garden is chosen in Xinchang city of Zhejiang Province is Zhejiang Province's Xinchang city great variety of goods, scion abundance.
The described cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed, stromal thickness is 10-13 centimetre, cuttage tray is rigid plastics tray that can stack layer by layer, rectangular, the length of cuttage tray be 50-100 centimetre, wide for 35-70 centimetre, high be 15-20 centimetre, the bottom of cuttage tray is provided with 6 osculums, and 6 osculums are distributed in the bottom of cuttage tray equably.
The southern cuttage root-taking stage of step (1) is further comprising the steps of: the black sunshade net with 50-80% after cuttage covers, and before substrate block water-holding capacity root of hair, remains on 80-90%, remains on 70-80% after root of hair.
In step (2), the transport temperature of refrigerator car is 10-21 DEG C, and air humidity is 60-70%.
Operating process it should be noted, the cuttage initial stage degree of shading of step (1) can be high, and along with the progressively formation of cuttings root system, degree of shading also can progressively reduce, and can control light income by the morning and evening of taking off lid every day. Before taking root, keep soil and with the humid air very important. Before taking root, keep water capacity 80%～90%, after taking root, keep 70%～80%. While running into heavy rain, excessive rain, timely draining, in case rotten.
Experimental result shows, the last planting percent 92.5% of the present embodiment, outplanting rate 85.6%, average height of seedling 21.2cm. Not only reduce the tea tree cutting seedling seedling cost of surviving the winter, shortened growing-seedling period, and survival rate has been high.
Embodiment 2
A kind of " Nan Fanbei educates " tea cutting mating system, comprises the following steps:
(1) the southern cuttage root-taking stage: on October 10th, 2010, gather Fuding white tea scion in Fujian Province's Fu'an City, be cut into cuttings and carry out cuttage, before cuttage, the cuttage tray water that cutting medium is housed is run through, in the cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed, carry out single node cutting, after each tray sticks with, water immediately, at the beginning of cutting time is mid-September-10 month, nurturing period: 6-7 month, after more than 80% taking root, be transplanted to the north and continue to cultivate to seedling and go out garden;
(2) stage in strong sprout is cultivated in the north: cuttage garden, Xinchang city packs in refrigerator car after related the cuttage seeding of the taking root cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed being stacked layer by layer the morning on April 9th, 2011, be transported to northern tea tree propagation nursery and carry out acclimatization culture: every mu of nursery lot is used 50kg n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer, the nutrient content ratio of described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer is N:P2O5：K2O=20:10:10, mixes n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer and furrow face soil thoroughly, and whole soil does furrow, the long 20m of seedling furrow, wide 1m, high 15cm, then in the matrix of furrow face layer overlay 5-7cm, furrow ditch bottom width 30cm, face width 40cm(completed on April 9th, 2011), by cuttage seeding carrying substrates transplant, when transplanting matrix be embedded in underground, matrix upper cover 2-3cm soil, after field planting, water permeable, be beneficial to prick under root system, tea shoot reaches national tea tree seedling standard can go out garden, and cuttage seeding is in sunrise garden in October 12.
Described northern tea tree propagation nursery ground is Qingdao Agricultural University's Tea Science Experimental Base.
The preparation method of described cutting medium is: the each component that takes following parts by weight: 45 parts, peat, 25 parts of vermiculites, 15 parts of purple potato seedlings, 12 parts of wheat straws, 8 parts, eastern wall soil, 12 parts of watermelon peels, 6 parts, madder, 10 parts of oyster shell whitings, 12 parts of peach leafs, after load weighted above-mentioned each component is pulverized with pulverizer respectively, cross 80 mesh sieves, then mix; In mixture, add water, the water content that makes described cutting medium is 70%-90%. Cutting medium of the present invention can provide abundant nutrient and trace element for cuttage seeding, and cutting medium permeability of the present invention is good, can play good adjusting facilitation to the growth of cuttage seeding, is conducive to the growth of cuttage seeding.
The described cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed, stromal thickness is 10-13 centimetre, cuttage tray is rigid plastics tray that can stack layer by layer, rectangular, the length of cuttage tray be 50-100 centimetre, wide for 35-70 centimetre, high be 15-20 centimetre, the bottom of cuttage tray is provided with 4 osculums, and 4 osculums are distributed in the bottom of cuttage tray equably.
The southern cuttage root-taking stage of step (1) is further comprising the steps of: the black sunshade net with 60-80% after cuttage covers, and before substrate block water-holding capacity root of hair, remains on 80-90%, remains on 70-80% after root of hair.
In step (2), the transport temperature of refrigerator car is 10-21 DEG C, and air humidity is 60-70%.
In step (2), being operating as of acclimatization culture: black sunshade net and plastic sheeting with light transmittance 50-60% after transplanting cover, sunshade net under, film is upper, mid or late April is taken off film, removes sunshade net the first tenday period of a month in May; During acclimatization culture, water capacity remains on 60-70%, 4-6 month, and to water and execute 5-6 time with the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution of 0.5-1.0%, the 7-8 month does not water and executes, and the 9-10 month waters and executes 2-3 time with 1.0% the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution.
Operating process it should be noted, the cuttage initial stage degree of shading of step (1) can be high, and along with the progressively formation of cuttings root system, degree of shading also can progressively reduce, and can control light income by the morning and evening of taking off lid every day. Before taking root, keep soil and with the humid air very important. Before taking root, keep water capacity 80%～90%, after taking root, keep 70%～80%. While running into heavy rain, excessive rain, timely draining, in case rotten.
Experimental result shows, the last planting percent 94.2% of the present embodiment, outplanting rate 87.5%, average height of seedling 22.1cm. Not only reduce the tea tree cutting seedling seedling cost of surviving the winter, shortened growing-seedling period, and survival rate has been high.
Embodiment 3
A kind of " Nan Fanbei educates " tea cutting mating system, comprises the following steps:
(1) the southern cuttage root-taking stage: on September 28th, 2012, gather Fuding white tea scion in Fujian Province's Fu'an City, be cut into cuttings and carry out cuttage, before cuttage, the cuttage tray water that cutting medium is housed is run through, in the cuttage tray running through at water, cutting medium is housed, carry out single node cutting, after each tray sticks with, water immediately, at the beginning of cutting time is mid-September-10 month, nurturing period: 6-7 month, after more than 80% taking root, be transplanted to the north and continue to cultivate to seedling and go out garden;
(2) stage in strong sprout is cultivated in the north: cuttage garden, Xinchang city packs in refrigerator car after related the cuttage seeding of the taking root cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed being stacked layer by layer the morning on April 2nd, 2012, be transported to northern tea tree propagation nursery and carry out acclimatization culture: every mu of nursery lot is used 50kg n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer, the nutrient content ratio of described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer is N:P2O5：K2O=20:10:10, mixes n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer and furrow face soil thoroughly, and whole soil does furrow, the long 20m of seedling furrow, wide 1m, high 15cm, then in the matrix of furrow face layer overlay 5-7cm, furrow ditch bottom width 30cm, face width 40cm(completed on April 2nd, 2012), by cuttage seeding carrying substrates transplant, when transplanting matrix be embedded in underground, matrix upper cover 2-3cm soil, after field planting, water permeable, be beneficial to prick under root system, tea shoot reaches national tea tree seedling standard can go out garden, and cuttage seeding is in sunrise garden in October 7.
Described northern tea tree propagation nursery ground is Qingdao Agricultural University's Tea Science Experimental Base.
The preparation method of described cutting medium is: the each component that takes following parts by weight: 50 parts, peat, 28 parts of vermiculites, 19 parts of purple potato seedlings, 16 parts of wheat straws, 10 parts, eastern wall soil, 15 parts of watermelon peels, 9 parts, madder, 15 parts of oyster shell whitings, 15 parts of peach leafs, mix load weighted above-mentioned each component; In mixture, add water, the water content that makes described cutting medium is 70%-90%. Cutting medium of the present invention can provide abundant nutrient and trace element for cuttage seeding, and cutting medium permeability of the present invention is good, can play good adjusting facilitation to the growth of cuttage seeding, is conducive to the growth of cuttage seeding.
The described cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed, stromal thickness is 10-13 centimetre, cuttage tray is rigid plastics tray that can stack layer by layer, rectangular, the length of cuttage tray be 50-100 centimetre, wide for 35-70 centimetre, high be 15-20 centimetre, the bottom of cuttage tray is provided with 2 osculums, and 2 osculums are distributed in the bottom of cuttage tray equably.
The southern cuttage root-taking stage of step (1) is further comprising the steps of: the black sunshade net with 50-80% after cuttage covers, and before substrate block water-holding capacity root of hair, remains on 80-90%, remains on 70-80% after root of hair.
In step (2), the transport temperature of refrigerator car is 10-21 DEG C, and air humidity is 60-70%.
In step (2), being operating as of acclimatization culture: black sunshade net and plastic sheeting with light transmittance 50-60% after transplanting cover, sunshade net under, film is upper, mid or late April is taken off film, removes sunshade net the first tenday period of a month in May; During acclimatization culture, water capacity remains on 60-70%, 4-6 month, and to water and execute 5-6 time with the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution of 0.5-1.0%, the 7-8 month does not water and executes, and the 9-10 month waters and executes 2-3 time with 1.0% the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution.
Operating process it should be noted, the cuttage initial stage degree of shading of step (1) can be high, and along with the progressively formation of cuttings root system, degree of shading also can progressively reduce, and can control light income by the morning and evening of taking off lid every day. Before taking root, keep soil and with the humid air very important. Before taking root, keep water capacity 80%～90%, after taking root, keep 70%～80%. While running into heavy rain, excessive rain, timely draining, in case rotten.
Experimental result shows, the last planting percent 93.7% of the present embodiment, outplanting rate 86.9%, average height of seedling 21.7cm.
From embodiment 1-3, " Nan Fanbei educates " of the present invention tea cutting mating system has not only reduced the tea tree cutting seedling seedling cost of surviving the winter, and shortened growing-seedling period (in embodiment 1-3, cuttage seeding gets final product 80% for 6 months and takes root), and survival rate is high.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is noted that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvement, and these improvement should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. " Nan Fanbei educates " tea cutting mating system, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) the southern cuttage root-taking stage: gather scion at southern maternal plant garden, before cuttage, the cuttage tray water that cutting medium is housed is run through, in the cuttage tray running through at water, cutting medium is housed, carry out single node cutting, after sticking with, each tray waters immediately, at the beginning of cutting time is mid-September-10 month, nurturing period: 6-7 month, after more than 80% taking root, be transplanted to the north and continue to cultivate to seedling and go out garden;
(2) stage in strong sprout is cultivated in the north: after related the cuttage seeding of the taking root cuttage tray that cutting medium is housed is stacked layer by layer, pack in refrigerator car, be transported to northern tea tree propagation nursery and carry out acclimatization culture: every mu of nursery lot is used 50kg n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer, the nutrient content ratio of described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer is N:P2O5：K2O=20:10:10, mixes n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer and furrow face soil thoroughly, and whole soil does furrow, and cuttage seeding carrying substrates is transplanted, and when transplanting, matrix is embedded in undergroundly, and matrix upper cover 2-3cm soil, waters permeablely after field planting, and tea shoot reaches national tea tree seedling standard can go out garden;
The preparation method of described cutting medium is: the each component that takes following parts by weight: peat 40-50 part, vermiculite 20-28 part, purple potato seedling 12-19 part, wheat straw 10-16 part, eastern wall soil 6-10 part, watermelon peel 10-15 part, madder 5-9 part, oyster shell whiting 8-15 part, peach leaf 9-15 part, mix load weighted above-mentioned each component; In mixture, add water, the water content that makes described cutting medium is 70%-90%.
2. " Nan Fanbei educates " according to claim 1 tea cutting mating system, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described cutting medium is: the each component that takes following parts by weight: 45 parts, peat, 25 parts of vermiculites, 15 parts of purple potato seedlings, 12 parts of wheat straws, 8 parts, eastern wall soil, 12 parts of watermelon peels, 6 parts, madder, 10 parts of oyster shell whitings, 12 parts of peach leafs, after load weighted above-mentioned each component is pulverized with pulverizer respectively, cross 80 mesh sieves, then mix; In mixture, add water, the water content that makes described cutting medium is 70%-90%.
3. " Nan Fanbei educates " according to claim 1 tea cutting mating system, is characterized in that: in the southern cuttage root-taking stage of step (1), southern maternal plant garden is chosen in Xinchang city of Zhejiang Province or Fujian Province's Fu'an City.
4. " Nan Fanbei educates " according to claim 1 tea cutting mating system, it is characterized in that: described in the cuttage tray of cutting medium is housed, stromal thickness is 10-13 centimetre, cuttage tray is rigid plastics tray that can stack layer by layer, rectangular, the length of cuttage tray be 50-100 centimetre, wide for 35-70 centimetre, high be 15-20 centimetre, the bottom of cuttage tray is provided with one or more osculums.
5. " Nan Fanbei educates " according to claim 1 tea cutting mating system, it is characterized in that: the southern cuttage root-taking stage of step (1) is further comprising the steps of: the black sunshade net with 50-80% after cuttage covers, before substrate block water-holding capacity root of hair, remain on 80-90%, after root of hair, remain on 70-80%.
6. " Nan Fanbei educates " according to claim 1 tea cutting mating system, is characterized in that: in step (2), the transport temperature of refrigerator car is 10-21 DEG C, and air humidity is 60-70%.
7. according to " Nan Fanbei educates " tea cutting mating system described in any one in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: in step (2), being operating as of acclimatization culture: black sunshade net and plastic sheeting with light transmittance 50-60% after transplanting cover, sunshade net under, film is upper, mid or late April is taken off film, removes sunshade net the first tenday period of a month in May; During acclimatization culture, water capacity remains on 60-70%, 4-6 month, and to water and execute 5-6 time with the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution of 0.5-1.0%, the 7-8 month does not water and executes, and the 9-10 month waters and executes 2-3 time with 1.0% the liquid nitrogen fertilizer aqueous solution.
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| CN114365652A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-19 | 潍坊市农业科学院(山东省农业科学院潍坊市分院) | Method for cultivating tropical and subtropical fruits in northern protected area |
| CN114365652B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2023-05-12 | 潍坊市农业科学院(山东省农业科学院潍坊市分院) | Method for cultivating tropical and subtropical fruits in northern protected area |
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