CN105580602A

CN105580602A - Watermelon double-mulch cultivation novel technology

Info

Publication number: CN105580602A
Application number: CN201410571762.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于辉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-10-24
Filing date: 2014-10-24
Publication date: 2016-05-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a watermelon double-mulch cultivation novel technology. The technology is characterized in that a high-quality, low-temperature-resistant, low-light, early-mature and high-yield watermelon variety is selected; and processes such as greenhouse seedling raising, reasonable field planting, artificial pollination, topdressing and watering, and timely harvesting are carried out, such that purposes of water melon early maturing, high yield and high benefit can be realized. The technology is suitable for planting watermelons in early spring seasons.

Description

The new technology of the two film mulching and plantings of a kind of watermelon

Technical field

The present invention relates to application field, specifically the new technology of the two film mulching and plantings of a kind of watermelon.

Background technology

Because watermelon seasonal variations in price are large, the watermelon price early going public is higher, therefore, northern area mulch film growth of watermelon scope increasing year by year, but because of early spring temperature compared with low and unstable, subject to the invasion and attack of strong wind, low temperature, affect the growth of seedling, cause the underproduction.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the technical problem that solves traditional watermelon plantation early spring, the new technology of inventing the two film mulching and plantings of a kind of watermelon.

The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of taking, and the new technology of the two film mulching and plantings of a kind of watermelon, its special character is to comprise following process:

1, kind is selected. Select high-quality, low temperature resistant, the precocity of the low light level, high yield variety of watermelon. As glad No. 1 of highest-ranking imperial concubine, precocious crown prince, capital etc.

2, grow seedlings. Utilize the breeding and seedling nursing with equipments such as greenhouse, booth, little warm cellar for storing things, cover soil selects chicken manure and the rural area soil sieving that become thoroughly decomposed to prepare by 1: 8, soil property is crossed and sticky can be added in right amount some sands or the ashes that sieve, and every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings adds each 100～150 grams of 1 kilogram of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 1 kilogram of potassium sulfate, pentachloronitrobenzene and thiram. Employing heating wire is grown seedlings, and the Nutrition Soil preparing is packed in the nutritive cube of 10 centimetres, is fitly emitted in seedbed, sows first 2～3 days and water permeable, and water oozes lower bonnet mulch film completely, opens ground hot line and heats. Before sowing, carry out seed disinfection, first soak 30 minutes with 0.1%～0.2% liquor potassic permanganate, then clean with clear water, put into 55 DEG C of warm water, rapid stirring, to room temperature, is soaked seed 6～8 hours, be put into vernalization under 28-30 DEG C of condition, treat that seed coat shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally can sow. Generally at late Febuary sowing, 2～3 seeds of every bunch planting, earthing 1-1.5 centimetre.

3, seedling management. Sowing keeps 28-30 DEG C to the day temperature of emerging, and night, temperature remained on more than 20 DEG C. In the time of 70-80% seed arch soil, throw off mulch film, disconnect in time ground hot line. After emerging, suitably reduce temperature, day temperature be controlled at 22 DEG C, night 12-15 DEG C, lower temperature at night, can prevent " high pin seedling ". Rough leaf grows rear suitable raising temperature, promotes growth of seedling, is controlled at 25-28 DEG C daytime, keeps evening 15 DEG C of left and right to be advisable. Field planting is carried out low temperature hardening in first 5 days, progressively aeration-cooling, prepares field planting. Field planting is sprayed worm in first 1 day, bactericide prevents.

4, field planting. Site preparation and fertilization, trench digging, bedding, the whole ground of deep ploughing before the winter, by 2.5 meters of line-spacings trench diggings, ditch depth, wide each 30 centimetres. Every mu of ditch spread Chicken dung 2 sides, 25 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 25 kilograms of potassium sulfates, clay fertilizer closes the ridge after mixing, and ridge furrow are wide 1 meter, before March 20, watered the ridge, after 2～3 days, whole rake is made the high furrow of the curvature of the spinal column, and every mu with 100 grams of Basalins, evenly sprays furrow face, covering with plastic film in time, then insert bamboo pole, take hut, canopy is high 30～35 centimetres, wide 1.1～1.2 meters. Generally in field planting on March 25～30. Plantation density is 800～900 strain mus, on the high furrow of the curvature of the spinal column, beats cave by 60～70 centimetres, the two strain field planting in every cave, and little shed is added a cover on field planting limit, limit in time.

5, after field planting, manage. Within after field planting three days, be no more than 35 DEG C in little shed and do not leak informaton, after three days, one is sidelong little wind, and a little air port is put in general 10 meters of left and right. After slow seedling, temperature of shed maintains 30 DEG C of left and right, and field planting starts to stretch climing about 10 days, if weather gentleness is preferably watered a water, water does not cover mulch film. When climing while growing to 20 centimetres of left and right, in canopy, along climing weeding once, prevent climing and climing weave in (hut one side is raised, whole get well the climing rear little shed of building in time). At this moment the time that canopy temperature control is 25 DEG C～28 DEG C, the longer the better, strengthens and leak informaton mouthful or two be sidelong string wind, and growing way as climing in melon strong evening can Shao Guan air port, is even not related to air port. Be generally three climing trainings, remove unnecessary side shoot, climing climbing up after ditch kept down the vines of a creeping plant with lump of earth on wide furrow, prevents that wind from blowing disorderly climing.

6, artificial pollination, generally stays second and third female flower to sit melon. 7～9 o'clock of every morning, take open male flower on the same day, break the petal of eunuchs, pollen is coated on the style of female flower lightly equably, after pollination, mark.

7, topdress and water, in the time that most of watermelon grows to walnut to egg size, execute 10 kilograms, urea in conjunction with the mu that waters, about 7 days, water the second water, when watermelon the rim of a bowl size, execute 10 kilograms, urea, 5 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates in conjunction with the mu that waters. With in ditch, see wet see dryly water in time, water little water at every turn, must guard against water and cover mulch film. Pluck and stop watering for first 5 days.

Technique effect

Technique effect of the present invention is, adopts technique scheme, can realize the object of watermelon precocity, high yield, high benefit, not only convenient operation of this mode, and can effectively improve output and the quality of watermelon.

Detailed description of the invention

1, grow seedlings. Select high-quality, low temperature resistant, the precocity of the low light level, high yield variety of watermelon highest-ranking imperial concubine, utilize the breeding and seedling nursing with equipments such as greenhouse, booth, little warm cellar for storing things, cover soil selects chicken manure and the rural area soil sieving that become thoroughly decomposed to prepare by 1: 8, every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings adds each 100～150 grams of 1 kilogram of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 1 kilogram of potassium sulfate, pentachloronitrobenzene and thiram, the Nutrition Soil preparing is packed in the nutritive cube of 10 centimetres, sow first 2～3 days and water permeable, water oozes lower bonnet mulch film completely, opens ground hot line and heats. Before sowing, carry out seed disinfection, first soak 30 minutes with 0.1%～0.2% liquor potassic permanganate, then clean with clear water, put into 55 DEG C of warm water, rapid stirring, to room temperature, is soaked seed 6～8 hours, is put into vernalization under 28-30 DEG C of condition, at late Febuary sowing, 2～3 seeds of every bunch planting, earthing 1-1.5 centimetre.

2, seedling management. Sowing keeps 28-30 DEG C to the day temperature of emerging, and night, temperature remained on more than 20 DEG C. In the time of 70-80% seed arch soil, throw off mulch film, disconnect in time ground hot line. After emerging, suitably reduce temperature, day temperature be controlled at 22 DEG C, night 12-15 DEG C, be controlled at 25-28 DEG C daytime, keep evening 15 DEG C of left and right to be advisable. Low temperature hardening is carried out in field planting for first 5 days, and field planting is sprayed worm in first 1 day, bactericide prevents.

3, field planting. Site preparation and fertilization, trench digging, bedding, the whole ground of deep ploughing before the winter, by 2.5 meters of line-spacings trench diggings, ditch depth, wide each 30 centimetres. Every mu of ditch spread Chicken dung 2 sides, 25 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 25 kilograms of potassium sulfates, ridge furrow are wide 1 meter, before March 20, watered the ridge, after 2～3 days, whole rake is made the high furrow of the curvature of the spinal column, and every mu with 100 grams of Basalins, take hut, canopy is high 30～35 centimetres, wide 1.1～1.2 meters, in field planting on March 25～30, plantation density is 800～900 strain mus, on the high furrow of the curvature of the spinal column, beat cave by 60～70 centimetres, the two strain field planting in every cave, little shed is added a cover on field planting limit, limit in time.

4, after field planting, manage. After slow seedling, temperature of shed maintains 30 DEG C of left and right, and field planting starts to stretch climing about 10 days, and when climing, while growing to 20 centimetres of left and right, in canopy, along climing weeding once, the time that at this moment canopy temperature control is 25 DEG C～28 DEG C, the longer the better, strengthens and leaks informaton mouthful or two be sidelong string wind.

5, artificial pollination. 7～9 o'clock of every morning, take open male flower on the same day, break the petal of eunuchs, pollen is coated on the style of female flower lightly equably, after pollination, mark.

6, topdress and water, in the time that most of watermelon grows to walnut to egg size, execute 10 kilograms, urea in conjunction with the mu that waters, about 7 days, water the second water, when watermelon the rim of a bowl size, execute 10 kilograms, urea, 5 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates in conjunction with the mu that waters.

Claims

1. the new technology of the two film mulching and plantings of watermelon, its special character is to comprise following process: select high-quality, low temperature resistant, the precocity of the low light level, high yield variety of watermelon highest-ranking imperial concubine, utilize greenhouse, booth, the breeding and seedling nursing with equipments such as little warm cellar for storing things, cover soil selects chicken manure and the rural area soil sieving that become thoroughly decomposed to prepare by 1: 8, the every cubic metre of soil of growing seedlings adds 1 kilogram of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 1 kilogram of potassium sulfate, each 100～150 grams of pentachloronitrobenzene and thiram, the Nutrition Soil preparing is packed in the nutritive cube of 10 centimetres, sowing first 2～3 days waters permeable, water oozes lower bonnet mulch film completely, opening ground hot line heats, sow in late Febuary, 2～3 seeds of every bunch planting, earthing 1-1.5 centimetre, sowing to the day temperature of emerging keeps 28-30 DEG C, night, temperature remained on more than 20 DEG C, low temperature hardening is carried out in field planting for first 5 days, worm is sprayed in field planting for first 1 day, bactericide prevents, site preparation and fertilization, trench digging, bedding, the whole ground of deep ploughing before winter, by 2.5 meters of line-spacing trench diggings, ditch depth, wide each 30 centimetres, in field planting on March 25～30, plantation density is 800～900 strain mus, on the high furrow of the curvature of the spinal column, beat cave by 60～70 centimetres, the two strain field planting in every cave, little shed is added a cover on field planting limit, limit in time, after slow seedling, temperature of shed maintains 30 DEG C of left and right, 7～9 o'clock of every morning, take open male flower on the same day, break the petal of eunuchs, pollen is coated on the style of female flower lightly equably, after pollination, mark, in the time that most of watermelon grows to walnut to egg size, in conjunction with watering, mu is executed 10 kilograms, urea, about 7 days, water the second water, when watermelon the rim of a bowl size, execute 10 kilograms, urea in conjunction with the mu that waters, 5 kilograms of potassium dihydrogen phosphates.