CN103583192A - High-yield cultivation method for little peppers in southwest of Henan - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a high-yield cultivation method for little peppers in the southwest of Henan, and relates to the technical field of crop cultivation. The high-yield cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of selection of high-quality seeds, standardized seedling growing, soil preparation and fertilization, rational close planting, scientific relay intercropping, management strengthening, timely harvesting and cultivation. The high-yield cultivation method is simple, has clear steps and is high in cultivation effect.

Description

Southwest, a kind of Henan capsicum high-yield cultivating method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to arviculture technical field, be specifically related to southwest, a kind of Henan capsicum high-yield cultivating method.

Background technology:

Capsicum draft.Single leaf alternate, stipule goes out.Flower both sexes, radiation symmetric, corolla is sympetalous, belongs to plant of Solanaceae, and originating in South America ，Xian China most area all has cultivation.

And capsicum is a kind of of capsicum, refer generally to capsicum annum fasciculatum, millet green pepper, because its individuality is little, hence obtains one's name, and is light green during prematurity, maturation is orange-yellow, dry millet green pepper is that red tape is orange-yellow, large red be not this kind.

And generally in southwestern Henan due to the reason of topography and geomorphology, often planting capsicum can cause the situation that the underproduction or product quality are not high to occur, will bring so unnecessary economic loss, and the output of capsicum itself is just not high, if output reduces again like this, quality is or else high, will make the enthusiasm of plant personnel decline, may just be reluctant to plant again this class plant.

Summary of the invention:

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome existing technological deficiency the southwest, a kind of Henan that a kind of method is simple, step is clear, cultivation effect is good capsicum high-yield cultivating method is provided.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A southwest capsicum high-yield cultivating method, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,

Step 1, select excellent kind: during plantation, select red pepper king, sub warhead, Korea S hot red pepper or green pepper all red;

Step 2, standardization are grown seedlings:

2.1, seed treatment:

2.1.1, bask seeds: before sowing, seed is spread out in to airing 2-3 days on bamboo mat or gunnysack;

2.1.2, seed disinfection: the first emerge in worm water 4-5 hour with 30 ℃ by seed, then with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 20-30 minute, thoroughly clean liquid after seed disinfection, then soak 5-6 hour, can effectively prevent anthracnose, spot disease;

2.1.3, vernalization: the seed soaking is packed in vernalization cloth bag or is placed in earthen basin, keep temperature 20-30 ℃, use warm water washing 2-3 time every day, and stir seed.General 4-6 days seeds start to reveal white bud, while having the seed sprouting of 80%-90%, stop vernalization, can sow;

2.2, Jian Chi grows seedlings:

2.2.1 seedling raise period and mode: the best seedling raise period of capsicum is mid or late Febuary, and transplant mid-April, adopts cold bed or little shed to grow seedlings more;

2.2.2, Miao Chi builds: 1 mu of capsicum Xu seedbed area 10m generally plants ², first the native scarifying in seedbed, in conjunction with ploughing, apply the high-quality farmyard manure 200kg, urea 0.5kg, the diammonium phosphate 0.5kg that fully become thoroughly decomposed.2-3 days before sowing, fills with sufficient water by seedbed and waits to broadcast;

2.2.3, sowing: the 1 mu of capsicum of planting needs seed 150g left and right.First watered in seedbed, water oozes evenly sows seeds afterwards, then with the fine earth sieving, covers blinding thickness 0.3-0.5cm;

2.2.4, seedbed management: early stage main heat-insulating and cold, day temperature keeps 20-28 ℃, night 15-18 ℃, seedbed low temperature is not less than 17 ℃.Later stage is noted in good time windproof, prevents that high temperature from burning seedling, and day temperature 15-20 ℃, at least remains on 5-10 ℃ night.Early stage, general soil moisture was sufficient, need not water, and the later stage, along with the increase of the time of leaking informaton, need to keep the skin wet.First about 10 days of field planting, can carry out hardening, controls moisture, adds forced ventilation;

Step 3, site preparation and fertilization: capsicum suitable high and dry in physical features, draining is good, grow in fertile deep neutrality or Acid soil.After preceding crop results, should plough the severe winter, abundant freezing soil, shallow plowing in early spring, after ploughing, soil moisture conservation in time, reaches defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, and without light and shade clod, terrace moisture in the soil is protected.When plough shallowly early spring, mu spreads fertilizer over the fields 3% phoxim granule 2-3kg;

Step 4, rational close planting: during general plant true leaf 10-12 sheet, seedling age can be transplanted land for growing field crops in 57-62 days, spring sowing is with mid or late April, and wheat cover was advisable with the first tenday period of a month in late April-May, and Transplanting Density is every mu of 6000-7000 strain fertilely, and every mu of 8000 strains of medium soil fertility are advisable;

Step 5, science interplanting: general 6 row capsicums are interplanted the short scale corn of 1 row, can per mu yield corn 170-200kg, can prevent from capsicum day from burning;

Step 6, strengthen management:

6.1, the fertilising of pinching: when stem blade 13-14 sheet, pinch, the many results of growth-promoting branch.Topdress according to the situation of base fertilizer, in late June-early July, every mu of capsicum flower bud phase imposes sour phosphorus potash fertilizer 15-20kg;

6.2, foliage spray: yield positive results the phase, a high-performance bio liquid fertilizer of spray in every 7-10 days, sprays 4-5 time altogether, drives training 48% chlorpyrifos ec simultaneously;

6.3, drought resisting water drainage: water in time horse race water while meeting drought, must guard against broad irrigation; Waterlogging caused by excessive rain is opened up nitches and gutters, in time draining prevention against water-logging;

Step 7, results in good time: capsicum color and luster is dark red, pericarp shrinkage, touch feel like jelly time should gather in the crops.For improving after-ripening degree, upgrading volume increase, preferably uproots receipts, on field airing is concentrated for 1-2 days afterwards, piles up neatly airing, and when airing to eighty per cant is dry, receipts are plucked in classification.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: very simple of such implantation methods, and be also applicable to the plantation of other kind capsicums, and be applicable to specialty or non-professional plant personnel, and in plantation, can also plant in capsicum as other the agricultural product such as corn, can greatly improve like this service efficiency in soil.The inventive method is simple, step is clear, cultivation effect is good.

Embodiment:

For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below further set forth the present invention.

A southwest capsicum high-yield cultivating method, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,

Step 1, select excellent kind: during plantation, select red pepper king, sub warhead, Korea S hot red pepper or green pepper all red;

Step 2, standardization are grown seedlings:

2.1, seed treatment:

2.1.1, bask seeds: before sowing, seed is spread out in to airing 2-3 days on bamboo mat or gunnysack;

2.1.2, seed disinfection: the first emerge in worm water 4-5 hour with 30 ℃ by seed, then with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 20-30 minute, thoroughly clean liquid after seed disinfection, then soak 5-6 hour, can effectively prevent anthracnose, spot disease;

2.1.3, vernalization: the seed soaking is packed in vernalization cloth bag or is placed in earthen basin, keep temperature 20-30 ℃, use warm water washing 2-3 time every day, and stir seed.General 4-6 days seeds start to reveal white bud, while having the seed sprouting of 80%-90%, stop vernalization, can sow;

2.2, Jian Chi grows seedlings:

2.2.1 seedling raise period and mode: the best seedling raise period of capsicum is mid or late Febuary, and transplant mid-April, adopts cold bed or little shed to grow seedlings more;

2.2.2, Miao Chi builds: 1 mu of capsicum Xu seedbed area 10m generally plants ², first the native scarifying in seedbed, in conjunction with ploughing, apply the high-quality farmyard manure 200kg, urea 0.5kg, the diammonium phosphate 0.5kg that fully become thoroughly decomposed.2-3 days before sowing, fills with sufficient water by seedbed and waits to broadcast;

2.2.3, sowing: the 1 mu of capsicum of planting needs seed 150g left and right.First watered in seedbed, water oozes evenly sows seeds afterwards, then with the fine earth sieving, covers blinding thickness 0.3-0.5cm;

2.2.4, seedbed management: early stage main heat-insulating and cold, day temperature keeps 20-28 ℃, night 15-18 ℃, seedbed low temperature is not less than 17 ℃.Later stage is noted in good time windproof, prevents that high temperature from burning seedling, and day temperature 15-20 ℃, at least remains on 5-10 ℃ night.Early stage, general soil moisture was sufficient, need not water, and the later stage, along with the increase of the time of leaking informaton, need to keep the skin wet.First about 10 days of field planting, can carry out hardening, controls moisture, adds forced ventilation;

Step 3, site preparation and fertilization: capsicum suitable high and dry in physical features, draining is good, grow in fertile deep neutrality or Acid soil.After preceding crop results, should plough the severe winter, abundant freezing soil, shallow plowing in early spring, after ploughing, soil moisture conservation in time, reaches defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, and without light and shade clod, terrace moisture in the soil is protected.When plough shallowly early spring, mu spreads fertilizer over the fields 3% phoxim granule 2-3kg;

Step 4, rational close planting: during general plant true leaf 10-12 sheet, seedling age can be transplanted land for growing field crops in 57-62 days, spring sowing is with mid or late April, and wheat cover was advisable with the first tenday period of a month in late April-May, and Transplanting Density is every mu of 6000-7000 strain fertilely, and every mu of 8000 strains of medium soil fertility are advisable;

Step 5, science interplanting: general 6 row capsicums are interplanted the short scale corn of 1 row, can per mu yield corn 170-200kg, can prevent from capsicum day from burning;

Step 6, strengthen management:

6.1, the fertilising of pinching: when stem blade 13-14 sheet, pinch, the many results of growth-promoting branch.Topdress according to the situation of base fertilizer, in late June-early July, every mu of capsicum flower bud phase imposes sour phosphorus potash fertilizer 15-20kg;

6.2, foliage spray: yield positive results the phase, a high-performance bio liquid fertilizer of spray in every 7-10 days, sprays 4-5 time altogether, drives training 48% chlorpyrifos ec simultaneously;

6.3, drought resisting water drainage: water in time horse race water while meeting drought, must guard against broad irrigation; Waterlogging caused by excessive rain is opened up nitches and gutters, in time draining prevention against water-logging;

Step 7, results in good time: capsicum color and luster is dark red, pericarp shrinkage, touch feel like jelly time should gather in the crops.For improving after-ripening degree, upgrading volume increase, preferably uproots receipts, on field airing is concentrated for 1-2 days afterwards, piles up neatly airing, and when airing to eighty per cant is dry, receipts are plucked in classification.

More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. a Henan southwest capsicum high-yield cultivating method, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps,

Step 1, select excellent kind: during plantation, select red pepper king, sub warhead, Korea S hot red pepper or green pepper all red;

Step 2, standardization are grown seedlings:

2.1, seed treatment:

2.1.1, bask seeds: before sowing, seed is spread out in to airing 2-3 days on bamboo mat or gunnysack;

2.1.2, seed disinfection: the first emerge in worm water 4-5 hour with 30 ℃ by seed, then with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 20-30 minute, thoroughly clean liquid after seed disinfection, then soak 5-6 hour, can effectively prevent anthracnose, spot disease;

2.1.3, vernalization: the seed soaking is packed in vernalization cloth bag or is placed in earthen basin, keep temperature 20-30 ℃, use warm water washing 2-3 time every day, and stir seed.General 4-6 days seeds start to reveal white bud, while having the seed sprouting of 80%-90%, stop vernalization, can sow;

2.2, Jian Chi grows seedlings:

2.2.1 seedling raise period and mode: the best seedling raise period of capsicum is mid or late Febuary, and transplant mid-April, adopts cold bed or little shed to grow seedlings more;

2.2.2, Miao Chi builds: 1 mu of capsicum Xu seedbed area 10m generally plants ², first the native scarifying in seedbed, in conjunction with ploughing, apply the high-quality farmyard manure 200kg, urea 0.5kg, the diammonium phosphate 0.5kg that fully become thoroughly decomposed.2-3 days before sowing, fills with sufficient water by seedbed and waits to broadcast;

2.2.3, sowing: the 1 mu of capsicum of planting needs seed 150g left and right.First watered in seedbed, water oozes evenly sows seeds afterwards, then with the fine earth sieving, covers blinding thickness 0.3-0.5cm;

2.2.4, seedbed management: early stage main heat-insulating and cold, day temperature keeps 20-28 ℃, night 15-18 ℃, seedbed low temperature is not less than 17 ℃.Later stage is noted in good time windproof, prevents that high temperature from burning seedling, and day temperature 15-20 ℃, at least remains on 5-10 ℃ night.Early stage, general soil moisture was sufficient, need not water, and the later stage, along with the increase of the time of leaking informaton, need to keep the skin wet.First about 10 days of field planting, can carry out hardening, controls moisture, adds forced ventilation;

Step 3, site preparation and fertilization: capsicum suitable high and dry in physical features, draining is good, grow in fertile deep neutrality or Acid soil.After preceding crop results, should plough the severe winter, abundant freezing soil, shallow plowing in early spring, after ploughing, soil moisture conservation in time, reaches defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, and without light and shade clod, terrace moisture in the soil is protected.When plough shallowly early spring, mu spreads fertilizer over the fields 3% phoxim granule 2-3kg;

Step 4, rational close planting: during general plant true leaf 10-12 sheet, seedling age can be transplanted land for growing field crops in 57-62 days, spring sowing is with mid or late April, and wheat cover was advisable with the first tenday period of a month in late April-May, and Transplanting Density is every mu of 6000-7000 strain fertilely, and every mu of 8000 strains of medium soil fertility are advisable;

Step 5, science interplanting: general 6 row capsicums are interplanted the short scale corn of 1 row, can per mu yield corn 170-200kg, can prevent from capsicum day from burning;

Step 6, strengthen management:

6.1, the fertilising of pinching: when stem blade 13-14 sheet, pinch, the many results of growth-promoting branch.Topdress according to the situation of base fertilizer, in late June-early July, every mu of capsicum flower bud phase imposes sour phosphorus potash fertilizer 15-20kg;

6.2, foliage spray: yield positive results the phase, a high-performance bio liquid fertilizer of spray in every 7-10 days, sprays 4-5 time altogether, drives training 48% chlorpyrifos ec simultaneously;

6.3, drought resisting water drainage: water in time horse race water while meeting drought, must guard against broad irrigation; Waterlogging caused by excessive rain is opened up nitches and gutters, in time draining prevention against water-logging;

Step 7, results in good time: capsicum color and luster is dark red, pericarp shrinkage, touch feel like jelly time should gather in the crops.For improving after-ripening degree, upgrading volume increase, preferably uproots receipts, on field airing is concentrated for 1-2 days afterwards, piles up neatly airing, and when airing to eighty per cant is dry, receipts are plucked in classification.