CN105507432A

CN105507432A - Energy-saving house, energy-saving curtain wall, decorative wall and plastering wall

Info

Publication number: CN105507432A
Application number: CN201610000457.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋卫国
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-01-04
Filing date: 2016-01-04
Publication date: 2016-04-20
Also published as: WO2017118342A1; GB201812413D0; GB2562419A; CA3054764A1; US20200277780A1; AU2016384198A1

Abstract

An energy-saving house is characterized in that each of doors and windows or a glass curtain wall is provided with any layers of heat insulation combinations, and heat insulation performance after combination is equivalent to that of a brick wall or concrete external wall provided with a heat insulation wall; each of a roof, floors and external walls is of an existing universal heat insulation structure or an existing curtain wall brick external wall structure, so that the heat insulation structures are covered with all portions of the whole house, and optional heat insulation performance and feasible construction cost can be achieved; a heat transfer coefficient can be below 0.3w/m2 k by the aid of thicknesses and materials of the heat insulation structures; direct connecting structures used by the curtain wall substitute for frames, keels and the like, so that material saving and strength improvement can be achieved, and apparent styles can be maintained.

Description

A kind of energy saving house and energy-saving curtain wall, decorative wall, plastering wall

Technical field

This energy saving house and energy-saving curtain wall, decorative wall, plastering wall belong to building field.

Background technology

1) in modern architecture, the consumption of the energy comprises illumination, heating, air-conditioning, culinary art, TV, etc.; The energy that wherein heating and air-conditioning consume exceedes half.Meanwhile, modish building mostly uses curtain wall, and its radiating rate is the several times of brick wall; If the development speed of this type of building is too fast, energy shortage can be there is soon.The energy-conservation of building is an instant problem.

The roofing built is due to the irradiation of the sun, and it is overheated that summer easily causes.This respect has defined the heat preservation technology of comparative maturity: arrange insulation layer, waterproofing course etc. at roofing.

The insulation of external wall relies on the thickness thickening brick wall or rammed earth wall in the past.Modern architecture is due to requirement superseded solid brick wall and rammed earth walls gradually such as load-bearing, saving materials; Its exterior-wall heat insulation has three kinds of technology substantially: 1. add insulation layer outside wall; 2. add insulation layer in wall; 3. add insulation layer within the walls.Wherein during wall peripheral hardware insulation layer, topping must be installed on insulation layer; Because insulation layer mostly is flexible or expanded material, the outward appearance of topping and firmness are difficult to ensure.When establishing insulation layer within the walls, also there is same problem.When establishing topping in wall, the outer wall technology (patent No. ZL201520197548.X) of curtain wall brick can be applied, can effectively solve the problems such as insulation, outward appearance, intensity.

The insulation of the similar roofing of insulation on floor, also needs to install insulation layer, waterproofing course etc.; Floor needs frame on joist, so as to go away, loading.

For energy-conservation, the insulation of building doors and windows is a key link same with exterior-wall heat insulation, because about the area of door and window often accounts for the half of the exterior wall gross area.Common timber, metal door, medi-empty glass window etc., its thermal transmittance is all much higher than the brick wall or concrete exterior wall of establishing insulation layer, and becomes heat insulation bottleneck.Making the heat insulation of door and window reach the same level of the latter, is a challenging problem.Only properly settle this problem, just can make the outer wall technology of the insulation of door and window and curtain wall brick and roofing, floor heat preservation technology combines, really realize the energy-efficient of house, and realize low construction cost, thus can promote.Otherwise as long as there is this heat insulation bottleneck in the whole space enclosing structure of building, no matter how good the heat-insulating property of other parts is, all can make overall heat insulation cannot be perfect.Meanwhile, pursue insulation if simple and ignore financial cost, though can achieve the goal, can not promote.These are all still unsolved difficult problems so far in the industry.

2) current curtain wall comprises the curtain wall of curtain wall, stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall and other materials.The advantage of these curtain walls is attractive in appearance, air, defines the style of modern metropolitan cities; Its inferior position is high, the heat insulation difference of cost.Modern frame type glass curtain wall is use hollow glass mostly.Compared with single-glass, its heat-proof quality significantly improves, but does not reach the level that insulating brick mixes wall far away, because its metal framework heat conduction is too fast, adding cold and hot bridge cut-off can not deal with problems at all.Point type glass curtain wall is without framework, but its technology does not support the superposition of hollow glass, does not therefore reach desirable heat-proof quality equally.

In stone curtain wall, the link technique of panel is based on short-slot, namely respectively opens short groove in the upper and lower side of stone panel, fixes afterwards with metal sheet.The metal framework that this technology and existing Back-bolt type, groove formula etc. all rely on a high strength carrys out the huge weight of supported stone.The keel that this framework is formed and and panel between linkage must consume a large amount of metal material, and form the cost of costliness.If fill insulant material between slabstone and exterior wall, though can heat-insulating property be improved, but its metal framework extended in all direction and linkage accelerate heat conduction greatly, must carry out very strong connection between its main joist and house frame and be difficult to establish cold and hot bridge cut-off simultaneously, these all make its heat-proof quality limited.

Ceramic curtain wall and metal curtain wall etc. are same exists the cost similar with stone curtain wall and the inferior position of insulation aspect.

If solve the problem of these two aspects, namely significantly reduce its construction cost, increase substantially its heat-insulating property, then can make the construction sustainable development of curtain wall, and save huge fund and the energy.

3) ornament materials such as porcelain plate are pasted onto exterior wall by decorative wall; Plastering wall cement, river sand, coating etc. whitewash exterior wall.The two cost is low, but heat-insulating property is not strong; Relative efficiency energy saving house, its heat insulating function greatly differs from each other.If curtain wall brick technology mentioned above combined with it, then there is the collocation problem of brick wall outward appearance and decorative wall, plastering wall: the ratio shared by the former is limited, can only replace the latter, limit the application of curtain wall brick technology in certain scope.This is also the problem that need solve.

Summary of the invention

1) energy saving house:

A) building implements integral heat insulation and heat insulation, and to make the thermal transmittance of building significantly decline, (Coefficient K drops to 0.3w/m ²below k), reach energy-efficient object.

B) on the basis of existing technology, the energy-conservation of door and window is undertaken by following scheme:

A) as Fig. 1,2 are punched by with Yishanmen or window shape, monoblock heavy sheet glass 1 surrounding that area is identical, and in the position punching 3 of door or window rotating shaft, the position punching 4 of handle, the position punching 5 of lock;

B) process, manufacture with a) in shape, area, two or more than two glass that punch position is identical, establish air-vent (except outermost one block of glass, it not establishing air-vent) in the upper and lower part of glass by rotating shaft place simultaneously;

C) in each layer glass periphery, low, the cross section of side bonds coefficient of thermal conductivity is square bar material 6 (useable glass or timber etc. are made), and establishes bolt hole 7 above;

D) compound glass is directly connected at the position bolt 8 that surrounding is punched, bolt passing hole 2 and hole 7 (in order to clear display in figure, bar material 6 and bolt 8 amplify respectively); The nut 9 of bolt should be arranged on the outside of door and window, and nut 10 is located at inner side, and installs insulation cover 11,12 respectively.Insulation cover can inserted num or nut, and possible constructions glue is fixed further if desired.When bolt 8 is tightened, clamp door leaf or sash edge the bar material 6 that glues, thus form the cavity between frame and each layer.The thickness of glass wants the intensity (comprising structural strength and anti-theft feature) that door and window can be made to reach enough.The number of plies of glass and interfloor distance want the insulation level that door and window can be made to reach required;

E) hinge component is installed in the position of rotating shaft on door leaf or sash, installs its assembly in the position of handle, lock;

F) by the seam between sealant sealing glass, then by air-vent by the cavity inert gas injecting between glass, close air-vent.If door and window does not need transparent and do not use inert gas, between glass, warming plate or heat-preservation cotton etc. can be installed;

G) manufacture and the doorframe or window frame that match with door leaf or sash are installed.As Fig. 2, want when door leaf or sash 1 are closed in energy embed wholly framework 2.Want handicapping block face 3 in framework, and closed adhesive tape 4 is installed thereon, thus make the door leaf of closedown or sash form sealing surface in surrounding;

H) in the position of doorframe or window frame upper hinge, hinge component is installed, in the position of lock, its assembly is installed;

I) door leaf or sash are installed in the frame.

Above-mentioned the steel product likely contacted with water should be carried out galvanizing process or be adopted stainless steel (this for simplicity, no longer repeats being hereafter also all suitable for).

C) feature of above-mentioned door and window: a) door and window is made up of multiple glazing, the connection of glass is realized by glass frame between several bolt clamping glass of surrounding (or edging etc.), avoids cold-heat bridge; B) distance between glass and the number of plies of glass can be selected arbitrarily and can not affect its structural strength; C) it can be made to reach arbitrary heat-proof quality by controlling the number of plies of the Distance geometry glass between glass.

D) node of above-mentioned door and window function is realized:

A) connection of securing member: the thickness of above-mentioned door and window can increase arbitrarily, along with the increasing of its thickness, each layer of door and window easily misplaces.For avoiding this problem, must mounting fastener.As Fig. 3, door leaf or sash need fastening position establish bolt 1, bolt 2 (top view see upper left), the glass plate 3 that these bolts clamping door and window is the most inboard and mounting plate 4; Outermost glass plate is installed mounting plate 7 (method is with mounting plate 4); The left end of mounting plate 4 establishes bolt hole, simultaneously punching on glass plate 5,6 etc., and the size in hole is identical with the bolt hole of mounting plate 4 with position; Then run through glass plate 5,6 with bolt 47, and the two ends of bolt 47 are separately fixed on mounting plate 4 and 7; The connecting hole of bolt 47 and the connecting hole (rear elevation see upper right) of glass plate are established in the top of mounting plate 7, and lower, transverse establishes metal sheet 7a, 7b with holes, connection metal bar 7c in hole; Metallic rod 7c can rotate in the hole of metal sheet 7a, 7b, and metal ring 7d is established in its one end, and other end handicapping block piece is also fixed on Metallic rod 7c by modes such as welding, laterally slides to avoid Metallic rod 7c; The most inboard glass plate 3 is installed another mounting plate 8 (lateral view see lower-left), above laterally establish metal sheet 8a, 8b (top view see bottom right) with holes, connection metal bar 8c in hole; The structure of Metallic rod 8c is identical with 7c, above establishes metal ring 8d; With bolt 87 connection metal ring 8d and 7d (lateral view see lower-left).

By rotating Metallic rod 8c, 7c, the direction of metal ring 8d, 7d can be aimed at, bolt 87 is passed wherein; Then each to metal ring 8d, 7d comfortable both sides nut is fixed on bolt 87.Near the nut of metal ring 8d on rotating bolt 87, easily extensible or the distance reduced between mounting plate 8 and 7, realize the fine setting of lengthwise position between each layer with fixing, the dislocation avoiding gravity or other reasons to cause, distortion.Each layer glass sides needs along the position of bolt 87,47 to slot, and (bar shaped frame folded between glass plate should have enough thickness in this position, to avoid the cavity got through when slotting between glass), the cross section of each groove should be narrow interior wealthy outward, and the degree of depth should make bolt bury in people's groove completely; Then be embedded in groove by adhesive tape and seal bolt 87,47.The most inboard glass plate 3 can be thicker than the glass plate of other layers, can gain in strength like this and save material;

B) connection of hinge: as Fig. 4, installs mounting plate 1 (top view see top) by the method identical with mounting fastener on the most inboard door leaf or sash; Mounting plate 1 is established cylinder a, for connecting doorframe or window frame; Cylinder a extends downwards and is connected as a single entity (rear elevation see following) with the mounting plate 2 of bottom; Doorframe or window frame are installed metal sheet a1 with holes, a2, b1, b2 (rear elevation see following); Inserting bolt c in the hole of metal sheet a1, inserting bolt d in the hole of metal sheet b1; Metal sheet e establishes screw hole a3, b3, bolt c, d screw in a3, b3 respectively, then continue rotate and be each passed through nut a4, b4 and metal sheet a2, b2; Then to screw on nut a5, b5 at the end points of bolt c, d.During connection, the hole b6 on metal sheet e is aimed at the cylinder a on mounting plate 1, then rotating bolt c, d thus moving metal plate e, until hole b6 overlaps steady on cylinder a; After hinge all connects up and down of door and window, rotating bolt c, d (and bolt corresponding on another hinge) can also be passed through and finely tune the upper-lower position of door and window; After all adjustments complete, should tight a bolt nut a4, a5 and b4 on c, d, b5, tighten nut corresponding on another hinge simultaneously.If reduce the sound that door-hinge rotates, can bearing frame be established at the b6 place, hole of metal sheet e and bearing is installed, then make bearing holder (housing, cover) surely on cylinder a (cylinder a will pass bearing and metal sheet e) simultaneously.

When establishing two securing members or two hinges in the side of door leaf or sash, its device can reverse symmetry, and as Fig. 5, wherein a is upper securing member, and b is lower securing member; A1 is upper hinge, and b1 is lower hinge.As a side is provided with securing member and hinge simultaneously, position, both sides should be hinge, centre position be securing member.The quantity of each side fastening part is determined according to the weight of door and window and thickness, and vertical side can not be less than one.On the door and window that weight is larger, the quantity of hinge can be established multiple;

C) the closing of doorframe or window frame: as Fig. 6, close adhesive tape 1 and install on the base 2; Pedestal 2 is arranged cylindrical slideway 3, spring 4, movable block 5; Screw 6 is installed in the upper end of guide rail 3, thus stops movable block 5 to leave guide rail; Movable block 5 is established slide opening 7, can slide up and down in the scope of guide rail 3; The bottom closing adhesive tape 1 is embedded in seat surface 8; Seat surface 8 is connected on the screw hole 5a of movable block 5 by screw 9; Under the effect of spring 4, seat surface 8 always upwards pushes up, and will close adhesive tape 1 tightly by door leaf or sash, and play good sealing process.Meanwhile, pedestal 2 should be arranged in the case 10 that the low thermal conductivity such as glass or timber material makes; Case 10 should have enough width, good heat insulation to be formed; The case 10 at doorframe or window frame four sides should be linked to be an entirety, and joins end to end (uninterruptedly), the seat surface 8 at four sides and closed adhesive tape 1 to have reached totally enclosed effect.Guide rail 3 and spring 4 thereof, movable block 5 constantly can arrange along the blockade line of endless, thus can install seat surface 8 and the closed adhesive tape 1 of endless, and guarantee good while close and open.Only stay very little gap between the opening of case 10 and closed adhesive tape 1, when door and window is closed, spring 4 should have enough strength (close adhesive tape 1 simultaneously and should have enough elasticity) to make closed adhesive tape 1 be close to door leaf or sash and fill up its gap to slightly toward both sides expansion; Close adhesive tape 1 recovery of shape when door and window is opened and recover its gap.In the place that seat surface connects, two screw hole 5b, 5c can be set on movable block 5, and the seat surface that connection two is adjacent respectively.If reduce the sound of metal slide on guide rail 3 when door and window is closed, sliding position should be polished smooth, or put glass sheath on guides 3, then mounting spring 4, movable block 5 etc.

E) board material of above-mentioned energy saving door and window is except glass, also can use the material (this is also suitable for curtain wall, glass roofing) that other coefficient of thermal conductivity are low, intensity is high.This type of door and window combines with heat insulation house surface, thermal-insulation floor, curtain wall brick exterior wall, can make the position that the heat insulation covering in house is all, reach energy-efficient object.But with regard to outward appearance, it is simple use curtain wall brick exterior wall just, and this is infeasible in modern architecture.Only have and the heat-proof quality of all kinds of curtain wall and decorative wall, plastering wall is brought up to the level identical with curtain wall brick exterior wall, significantly reducing the construction costs simultaneously, energy saving house just can be made to popularize.It is hereafter the solution of these problems.

2) energy-saving curtain wall, decorative wall, plastering wall:

A) curtain wall: energy saving door and window mentioned above, can superpose hollow glass arbitrarily, and can select arbitrarily the distance between glass, thus can meet or exceed the brick wall establishing insulation layer in heat insulation.Between this, as Fig. 7, window wall block 1 can be made by the method identical with sash with above-mentioned door leaf, window wall block 2; Its thickness should reach about 20cm (or more), thus can pave at same floor easily and not need to use framework, even can make with floor with high structural glass wall 3 or the structural glass wall 4 higher than floor.If window wall block 1,2,3 is paved between floors, the corresponding technique (as drag-line, connecting rod) of point-supporting curtain can be applied and increase its security performance further; If structural glass wall 4 is arranged on outside floor, then built-in fitting 5,6 can be set and support, fixing glass exterior wall.

With the curtain wall (when especially window wall is all arranged on outside floor) that the method is built, except solving except heat-insulating problem at all, in appearance also not less than traditional glass curtain wall; And its intensity and life-span can surmount the latter generally.As for its weight, as Fig. 3, the most inboard glass is thicker, other layers can be thinner, drastically reduce the area the consumption of metal, gross weight is suitable with frame curtain wall simultaneously.

The glass consumption of this energy-saving glass curtain wall is more than point type glass curtain wall, but be self-supporting structure when it is installed between floor, (its drag-line and connecting rod are just used as the safety measure of pre-Anti-fall to save the backing material of point-supporting curtain in a large number, and the position of fixing glass need not be used for), thus cost reduces on the contrary; Its glass consumption also more than frame curtain wall, but saves the very worthy framework of frame curtain wall, therefore cost can significantly decline.

B) stone curtain wall: utilize the scheme in Fig. 8, the connector 2 of stone material 1 is directly embedded in (lateral view see top) in exterior wall 3.Exterior wall 3 must have enough thickness and intensity, can be paved form by brick 4 and concrete block 5.The component a of connector 2, component b are embedded in puzzle joint (see lateral view and the following rear elevation of top.The first half of component a, b is vertical metal plate, and apertured wherein; Latter half of is horizontal metal plate, and can be embedded in puzzle joint); Can slide in two of component c in the hole of a, b, rotating screw cap d set outside its screw thread and component b matches; Nut d is connected on component b and also can rotates, and its block piece e can prevent it from departing from component b.A, b are inserted respectively in two of component c, then passes d at b place by the rotation of d.Component a1, b1, c1, nut d1 are identical with a, b, c, d respectively, but are embedded in lower floor's puzzle joint; A1, b1 are inserted respectively in two of component c1, then passes d1 at b1 place by the rotation of d1.Component f, f1 establish screw thread and establish nut d2, d3 respectively; Nut d2, d3 are connected in the hole of component c and also can rotate, and its block piece e1 can prevent it from departing from component c.Component f, f1 are each passed through the bullport (when rotating nut d2, d3, nut d22, d33 can make component g move up and down) of two hold-doun nuts d22, d33 on component g and component g bottom.The bottom of f, f1 to be inserted on c1 in corresponding hole; The length of f, f1 is greater than the distance between upper and lower pre-buried puzzle joint.F, f1 are connected to the mid point both sides of c and c1, skid off the hole of a, b, a1, b1 when can prevent c and c1 from moving horizontally; When the length of c and c1 will make it move to the end in side, opposite side still has the part exceeding hole.

All need be pre-buried when paving exterior wall with upper member.When the later stage installs stone panel, the metal sheet g1 with two bolts f11, f22 is coupled together with component g through transverse guidance hole h1, the h2 on component g and rotating screw cap d4, d5 (nut structure is identical with d, d1) set by rear side.Then move left and right metal sheet g1 by rotating screw cap d, d1, move up and down metal sheet g1 by rotating nut d2, d3, the movable g1 by rotating screw cap d4, d5.The outside of this metal sheet can be set as right angle, forms step, hooks in the short groove opened in stone panel side.Because metal sheet can be three-dimensional mobile, and finely tune by the rotation of nut and nut, stone panel accurately can be installed to desired position.

One piece of stone panel is fixed by four pieces of step metal sheets.After four pieces of metal sheets have been installed all, when remaking fine setting, rotating screw cap, the nut of downside and inner metal Board position need rotate with the sleeve lengthened (or the sleeve of transmission, spanner).

Each block of above stone panel is all directly installed on brick and mixes on the built-in fitting of exterior wall, eliminates huge metal framework, has saved a large amount of materials, and cost can be made significantly to decline; Reduce the distance of stone panel and exterior wall simultaneously, be conducive to improving intensity and application life.

Mix the inner side of exterior wall at brick, cavity can be set by curtain wall brick outer wall technology, in cavity, fill heat-preservation cotton, and be connected with the curtain wall brick by metalwork.Its technique is identical with the outer wall technology of curtain wall brick, and just direction is contrary: curtain wall brick is located at inner side.For simplicity, hereafter this technique is called wall technology in curtain wall brick.

By arranging this curtain wall brick interior wall, the heat-proof quality of stone curtain wall can reach requirement completely; Meanwhile, curtain wall brick interior wall can directly come into operation as the good interior trim metope of one.

C) ceramic curtain wall and metal curtain wall etc. are because of its plasticity, easilier than stone curtain wall install.Short groove can be established in the side such as ceramic wafer, metal sheet (or inner side is close to edge), be directly installed on brick by the technique of above-mentioned stone curtain wall and mix on the built-in fitting of exterior wall; Meanwhile, by wall technology in curtain wall brick, its insulation layer and curtain wall brick are installed.Its heat-proof quality and cost etc. all with above-mentioned stone curtain wall roughly the same.

D) insulation of decorative wall, plastering wall, can be undertaken by wall technology in curtain wall brick: arrange cavity in inner side of outer wall equally completely, fills heat-preservation cotton in cavity, and is connected with the curtain wall brick by metalwork.The collocation problem of brick wall outward appearance and decorative wall, plastering wall can be solved so completely: its curtain wall brick is positioned at inner side, and do not affect the decoration of exterior wall and whitewash, the ratio thus shared by it is without any restrictions.Curtain wall brick interior wall can come into operation as interior trim metope simultaneously.When newly-built decorative wall or plastering wall, freely can select the connected modes such as the screw bolt-type in curtain wall brick technology, reinforcing bar type, body of wall and curtain wall brick to be carried out best connection; To built decorative wall and plastering wall, if apply wall technology in curtain wall brick and increase insulation layer, application screw bolt-type is more convenient, and need partial adjustment be made: as Fig. 9, oblique punching 2 inside exterior wall 1, hole 3 (sectional drawing and middle front elevation drawing see top), also can replace punching with fluting; One end of reinforcing bar 4 is coiled into ring a and by weld, other end hooking (also the other end can be processed into other shapes being conducive to preventing reinforcing bar from loosening, or replace reinforcing bar with foundry goods etc.) patchhole 2; Use the same method and make reinforcing bar 5 (comprising ring a1) and patchhole 3; Then hole 2,3 is filled mortar, and ring a, a1 are overlapped.Punching 6,7, hole 6,7 will respectively with hole 2,3 parallel and shape, size are identical; Then with reinforcing bar 4,5 identical reinforcing bar 8,9 (it establishes ring a2, a3 respectively) patchholes 6,7 respectively, hole 6,7 is filled mortar, and ring a2, a3 is overlapped.After the mortar solidification in hole 2,3,6,7, bolt 10 (or rod member of major part) is inserted ring a, a1, then reinforcing bar with holes 11 (or foundry goods etc.) is enclosed within (see middle front elevation drawing and following top view) on bolt 10, again bolt 10 is passed ring a2, a3, and nut (or loading onto fixture in the lower end of major part rod member) of screwing in its lower end.

When the later stage lays curtain wall brick, reinforcing bar 11 can move up and down, and successfully imbeds the brickwork joint of curtain wall brick, completes and firmly connect.

To newly-built energy-efficient decorative wall and plastering wall, if need significantly to reduce cost until lower than the same material list wall not establishing insulation layer, after decorative wall and plastering wall build up, whitewashing and decoration inside it can be omitted, and select suitable material and mode to carry out insulation to fit up.

When E) energy-efficient finishing being carried out to all kinds of built house, any controlled insulation construction of multilayer above described in (summary of the invention 1) can be applied, suitable material is selected to be directly installed on the positions such as former wall, roof, floor, door and window, and reach predetermined heat insulation object and cost control, refer to detailed description of the invention hereinafter.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is door leaf or sash;

Fig. 2 is doorframe or window frame;

Fig. 3 is the connection of securing member;

Fig. 4 is the connection of hinge;

Fig. 5 is the reverse symmetry of securing member or hinge;

Fig. 6 is closing of doorframe or window frame;

Fig. 7 is energy-saving glass curtain wall;

Fig. 8 is energy-conservation stone curtain wall;

Fig. 9 is energy-saving decoration wall, plastering wall;

Figure 10 is the curtain wall brick exterior wall that brick connects;

Figure 11 is filter tracheae;

Figure 12 is the transition chamber frequently opened the door;

Figure 13 is the adjusting device of hinge;

Figure 14 is the small panel on door and window;

Figure 15 is the support member of energy-saving glass curtain wall;

Figure 16 is the sectional drawing of seam crossing up and down of energy-saving glass curtain wall;

Figure 17 is the connection of anti-theft bar;

Figure 18 is the mounting means that can move reflectance coating;

Figure 19 is the connection of drag-line or pull bar;

Figure 20 is the assembling of thin window wall block;

Figure 21 is the installation of air bag;

Figure 22 is the front elevation drawing that body of wall suspension type is installed;

Figure 23 is the lateral view that body of wall suspension type is installed;

Figure 24 is that the suspension type of inflatable structure is installed;

Figure 25 is pressure air bag;

Figure 26 is that the reversely hung Yong of inflatable structure is installed;

Figure 27 is built-in flexible air bag;

Figure 28 is the slide bar of extension airbag;

Figure 29 is the arrangement of energy-conservation stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall connector;

Figure 30 is the sleeve lengthened;

Figure 31 is the sleeve of transmission;

Figure 32 is the spanner of transmission;

Figure 33 is two niggers;

Figure 34 is horizontal two drive wrench;

Figure 35 is vertical two drive wrench;

Figure 36 is the sectional drawing of spanner fastener;

Figure 37 is the installation of rotating screw cap and nut;

Figure 38 is the connector of curtain wall brick interior wall.

Detailed description of the invention

1) enforcement of energy saving house:

A) in the insulation of roofing, if flat roof, a kind of general way first installs waterproof, sealant at roofing, guarantees that roof is water-tight, steam-proof; Then ventilating layer is set on waterproof, sealant, can discharges when expanding to make the air heat in insulation layer, insulation layer just in case water inlet time also can discharge; Then on ventilating layer, establish insulation layer (available multiple heat insulating material); Insulation layer to be set up defences water, topping.

Also have a kind of general way to be first at roofing, waterproof, sealant are installed, guarantee that roof is water-tight, steam-proof; Insulation layer (need with the heat insulating material do not absorbed water) is then directly installed on waterproof, sealant; Then on insulation layer, ventilative topping is established.

These roof heat insulation technology have been applied for many years, and its object mainly prevents summer solar radiation roofing from causing temperature too high, and winter, heat radiation was too fast.It is heat insulation very effective, and insulation layer is thicker, and heat-proof quality is better.The all material of its insulation layer must stop explosives, inflammable items kind; And reflectance coating should be established on insulation layer, thus stop heat radiation, improve heat-insulating property (hereafter mentioned insulation layer must reach this two conditions, for simplicity, does not repeat one by one) further.

For domatic roof, insulation layer can be arranged under roof.Due to the protection on roof, insulation layer can not be subject to sun direct projection, and can not drench with rain.Therefore can save above-mentioned ventilating layer and waterproofing course, topping (but the sealant of bottom can not save), and multiple heat insulating material can be used.Insulation layer need cover the lower floor on whole roof.If there is enough strong supporting surface under roof, insulation layer can directly be installed on it; Otherwise first supporting surface need be installed.

B) because metope is vertical, heat insulating material can not tile as roofing, and the difficulty of installation increases.Meanwhile, because modern architecture is higher, heat insulating material is arranged on wall and often causes potential safety hazard outward, and outward appearance is also undesirable.If Conventional insulation to be arranged on the inner side of wall, although potential safety hazard reduces, the intensity of its topping, performance, be still large problem with outward appearance.

If insulation layer to be arranged on the inside of wall, then the problem such as above-mentioned safety, intensity, performance, outward appearance all can solve.But certainly will form a cavity when establishing insulation layer within the walls, when the area of wall is larger, the intensity of cavity and anti-seismic performance also become the problem that must solve.The outer wall technology of previously described curtain wall brick, can provide adequate solution scheme, also can adjust arbitrarily the thickness of cavity and insulation layer thereof, thus make the heat-insulating property that exterior wall reaches required.When applying wall technology outside this curtain wall brick, to exceedingly odious weather conditions and the temperature difference, the structural framing in house may form disadvantageous cold-heat bridge, now need install at the structural framing position of indoor the insulation layer strengthened.Because this is local, the insulation of small size is installed, properly cover by interior design.

When applying the outer wall technology of curtain wall brick and being incubated, its technology can be done following expansion:

A) in screw bolt-type connected mode, pave one deck thin building block when paving concrete block wall every certain altitude, its thickness is only slightly larger than one deck curtain wall brick (or pave some layers of brick, its gross thickness is slightly larger than one deck curtain wall brick); Bolt connection piece is directly embedded in these thinner aspects simultaneously.Can avoid like this using very long bolt in large-sized building block, thus can material be saved and gain in strength;

B) in screw bolt-type connected mode, by sleeve that is low for coefficient of thermal conductivity on bolt sleeve, that have some strength and hardness, (useable glass etc. are made.The size of sleeve is wanted just to put bolt, does not interspace; Its wall is thicker, is more beneficial to heat insulation), then above band hoop reinforcing steel bar is enclosed within, thus form a cold and hot bridge cut-off, reduce heat transfer further;

C) width of curtain wall brick is widened to about 20cm, make it independently can pave and obtain enough intensity, and need not carry out with interior wall being connected (but it will be connected with the framework in floor or house up and down, and avoid doing too high pave without connecting or depart from paving of framework at places such as entrance halls.Following d, e, f are roughly the same).Although increase the integral thickness of exterior wall like this, the heat transfer (although its heat output is few) of metalwork can be saved, improve its heat-proof quality further;

D) inner-outer wall all uses concrete block, and saves the connector between inner-outer wall.Such exterior wall also needs to decorate, but body of wall self can reduce cost and accelerate to pave speed.To need not the building of true brick wall outward appearance, this mode has superiority;

E) inner-outer wall all uses the brick cavity wall of width about 20cm, and saves the connector between inner-outer wall.If use brick wall outward appearance, exterior wall does not need to decorate again; If use other outward appearances, then also need to decorate.In the area that hollow brick price is very low, this mode also has superiority;

F) exterior wall concrete block, interior wall, then with there being the brick of sufficient size independently to pave, saves the connection of two wall.Under given conditions, this mode is also feasible.(such as exterior wall need use plastering wall, and when interior trim can use brick wall, this mode just can be better than the mode in d);

G) inner-outer wall all uses brick cavity wall (if house is not high, technically also can use solid brick wall, but consumptive material being many, weight is large), and one of them width can be less; By metalwork, inner-outer wall is connected, make it reach enough intensity.Also directly can carry out connecting of inner-outer wall with brick as Figure 10: brick 1 in figure, 2,3,4,5 measure-alike, the horizontal block of brick 5, connects inner-outer wall; The two ends of brick 5 are paved with little half brick 6,7.For easy construction, the brick 8 being exclusively used in lateral connection also can be produced; The length of brick 8 equals the length that brick 5 adds brick 6,7 (comprising its puzzle joint).When paving, the consumption of brick 5 or brick 8 can not too much (every square meter one to two), because horizontal brick too much can increase heat transfer; Its consumption can not be very few, to ensure enough intensity.

H) replace curtain wall brick with thin concrete block, and be connected with main body wall by bolt etc.In curtain wall brick external wall structure, this thin concrete block needs carry out the external decoration such as whitewashing; In curtain wall brick interior wall structure, it also needs carry out interior trim.But this thin concrete block, except the intensity that the external wall structure that can play a good protection to the insulation layer between inner-outer wall, makes reaches enough, can also make cost reduce further, make weight alleviate further.If used it for, insulation finishing is carried out to built decorative wall, plastering wall, stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall etc., the connected mode in summary of the invention 2D (Fig. 9) above can be applied.

The brick wall, concrete wall etc. of curtain wall brick exterior wall and all kinds of band cavity can form respiratory mechanism: when body of wall is heated, gas is discharged, gas sucks when catching a cold.Sucking for avoiding steam the effect that body of wall reduces insulation layer, body of wall can be sealed, only in house, arrange some filter tracheaes: as Figure 11, filter tracheae 1 slightly tilts (about 5 °) and is fixed on (sectional drawing see top) on pedestal; The hypomere of filter tracheae 1 establishes stainless (steel) wire 2 (this net can the separated from each other certain distance of multi-laminate adduction), and epimere establishes quicklime passage 3; The bottom handicapping baffle plate 4 of passage 3, to stop that the quicklime of pulverize glides; Place quicklime in lime passage 3, but be no more than the height of barrier plate 4; Clear glass 5 (or other transparent materials) is established in the top of passage 3, for observing the situation of lime and can taking off when changing lime.As the length of filter tracheae will be lengthened, the route of its pipeline can be set to and turn to back and forth and be close together mutually (top view see lower-left), pipeline quicklime part can be set to level and reduce the quantity of barrier plate simultaneously; Pipeline stainless (steel) wire part still needs to be set to inclination, can be " Z " shape (front elevation drawing see bottom right) or spirality, to make its passage continuous decrease, avoids hindering discharge during condensation vapor.Pipeline stainless (steel) wire part should make with metal and be arranged in cold water vessels, is beneficial to the condensation of steam; The upper end access body of wall of filter tracheae, lower end through connect after cold water vessels funnel and gutter (can not direct platoon water pipe, so as not to the places such as suction sewer wet gas).After quicklime pulverize, the quicklime namely more renewed; Also quicklime can be replaced with other absorbent materials.In addition, in cavity within the walls, lime basin or other absorbent materials can be put into close to the position of draining and detect aperture, and regularly replace.

Energy saving house, except using curtain wall brick exterior wall, can also use energy-conservation various curtain walls (curtain wall of curtain wall, stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall and other materials), and energy-conservation decorative wall, plastering wall etc.The roof of energy saving house, except above-mentioned traditional insulated roof, also can use compound glass roof (referring to the enforcement A of hereafter energy-saving glass curtain wall), or the low thermal conductivity material roof that structure is identical with it.

C) if the installation of door and window adopts traditional timber, glass door, metal door, aluminum window, glass window etc., none can reach enough heat-insulating properties.The multilayer controlled glass door and window of palpus employing above described in (summary of the invention 1) (and glass is done low-emission coated process of Denging.Hereafter mentioned window wall and glass roofing also need to do this process; The place required there being particular fields, then can install the reflectance coating that can move and replace) or structure, the door and window made with other low thermal conductivity materials that principle is identical with it, just can reach the performance equal with heat insulation house surface, heat preserving exterior wall.

The fastener available metal of the glass plate of door and window and exterior wall etc. or other low Heat Conduction Material plate sides or the material of other high strength make.

Pad should be established, in case glass impaired (this is all applicable to hereafter mentioned glass plate assembly, for simplicity, no longer repeats) between glass plate and bolt and other metal connecting pieces.

This type of door and window is owing to using heavy sheet glass and firmly being installed, and its intensity and anti-theft feature can be much higher than traditional door and window, and projected life is then not less than traditional door and window.

For the door of the frequent switch in the places such as access, transition chamber can be set as Figure 12.Wherein door 1, door 2 are in normally off; When door 1 is opened, door 2 is closed, and when door 2 is opened, door 1 is closed, and drastically reduce the area the heat conduction of air.

In the hinge means of doorframe or window frame (see Fig. 4), the metal sheet e on frame is adjustable up and down; As adjustable in it will being set to left and right simultaneously, can be laterally embedding or smooth perforated metal plate 1,2,3,4 is installed by the mode in Figure 13; And in advance at the Kong Zhongshe threaded metal bar 5 of metal sheet 1,2, the Kong Zhongshe threaded metal bar 6 of metal sheet 3,4; Vertical apertured a1, b1 in Metallic rod 5, vertical apertured a2, b2 in Metallic rod 6.Remaining connection is identical with Fig. 4.By rotating the horizontal nut in Figure 13 in Metallic rod 5,6, metal sheet about e can be made adjustable.If it will be set to inside and outside adjustable simultaneously, metal sheet 1,2,3,4 in Figure 13 all can be set to the structure of metal sheet 7 in lower side view: bolt 7a, 7b are embedding or be installed on framework place up and down, by rotating the nut on it, the interior external position of adjustable metal sheet 7.In addition, the metal sheet 2,4 in Figure 13 also can be located at the right side of hole b1, b2, extends Metallic rod 5,6 on the right and the hole be each passed through on metal sheet 2,4 simultaneously; (adopt and directly Metallic rod 5,6 can be inserted the hole in metal sheet 2,4 in this way, and need not be connected by modes such as welding in advance, and be conducive to the intensity improving Metallic rod 5,6.But need the length adding long metal sheet e when adopting in this way under a lot of situation, otherwise it can not exceed the position of metal sheet 2,4 and the connector reached on door leaf or sash.If do not add the length of long metal sheet e, then need the length lengthening door leaf or sash upper connector, make it reach metal sheet e.When lengthening the connector on door leaf or sash, if its length is very large, then the rotating shaft on each connector should be arranged in pairs, and only can not establish one; Metal sheet e simultaneously on doorframe or window frame also should be arranged in pairs, can clamp each connector like this, makes it can independent support, thus significantly alleviates the stress on door and window panel.Use the connector that this rotating shaft is paired, the door and window that countershaft is vertically arranged, its lateral length on door and window panel can be established very large, thus can support very wide door and window; The window of countershaft horizontally set, its security performance is also stronger than single rotating shaft connector).Metal sheet e cross section can be set to " L " shape, " [" shape or square frame-shaped etc., its flexural strength is much higher than plate shaped.

If door and window is arranged on inboard, house, after doorframe or window frame are installed locking device (see summary of the invention 1Dc, and Fig. 6), move in the position of door leaf or sash, the effect caved in may be occurred.If make its position maintain an equal level, can add small panel: as Figure 14 on outermost panel, the small panel 2 on door leaf or sash 1 is fair with the outside of framework 3 after door and window is closed; Establish bar material 4 between small panel 2 and door leaf or sash 1, and clamp with bolt 5; Cavity 6 can be established air-vent at the upper-lower position of inner side and be connected to other cavitys in door and window.If door and window is arranged on outside house, when hinge means installed by doorframe or window frame, if its device does not adopt the mode of protrusion but is hidden under the top layer of exterior wall, then the position of door leaf or sash is moved in following, and also may occur the effect caved in.If make its position maintain an equal level, the mode of installing small panel can be adopted equally.

After door and window is closed, door leaf, gap between sash and its framework may seep water in the rainy day.To external-open and the interior door and window opened, catch basin and drainage tube all should be established in the bottom of its framework, and drainage tube be connected to gutter within doors or be directly connected to outside wall.

D) insulation that the insulation on energy saving house bottom floor can refer to roofing is undertaken by following scheme: a) waterproof, sealant are installed by lower floor; B) insulation layer is laid with the heat insulating material do not absorbed water on waterproof, sealant; As laid with other heat insulating materials, then need add waterproofing course on insulation layer; C) set up joist on insulation layer and waterproofing course, joist should make to reserve certain space above insulation layer, forms ventilating layer, and establishes ventilation opening; D) floor is set up on joist.

The insulation on floor only need be carried out at the basecoat in house.If house is provided with multi-storey basement, and ground surrounding soil is dry, then without the need to the floor of sub basement with enclose insulation layer outward.If the subterranean layer in house is garage etc. and does not establish insulation, then the floor of first floor is on the ground needed to establish insulation layer.

E) determination of roofing, exterior wall, door and window, each part thickness in floor: the thermal insulation level (or thermal transmittance) predetermined according to different weather conditions, energy saving house and the selection of each part material, and the thickness (not only insulation layer thickness) determining each portion structure and material.Because the heat conductivility of various material is different, optional if any multiple material, need before determining thickness first to determine material; After material is determined, tentatively can determine thickness according to insulation requirement; Then by theory calculate and specific experiment, guarantee that the thermal transmittance at each position is close or match, do not occur bottleneck.Meanwhile, (if roof is by solar radiation, its insulation requirement is greater than exterior wall also fully should to investigate the heating condition of house different parts; Within doors by the exterior wall of stove position, its insulation requirement is also greater than other positions), adjust accordingly.

F) because energy saving house is tight-closed, every day must regularly be opened door and window ventilation separately in room and the interior public space of building of living in people, cannot use old air to save the energy of some temperature adjustments or cause potential safety hazard.Incessantly must close the doors and windows and launch the reflectance coating that can move in the room of people, so as not to affect that bed rearrangement builds heat insulation.The ventilation at the places such as staircase need be docked with public spaces such as entrance halls, and directly can not connect open air; The room that area is little must maintain the circulation of air with public space (shutter etc. can establishing ventilation).The ventilation of kitchen, washroom directly can connect open air, but its interior wall and door must establish insulation layer, and (thermal insulation level of this insulation layer can lower than exterior wall, because the ventilation in kitchen only need be carried out when cooking, the ventilation of washroom does not need to exceed certain speed yet, and the temperature in these spaces is different from open air.The setting of this insulation layer should based on the temperature in its space), and make it heat insulation after reach bed rearrangement and build predetermined grade.

In the area (or area of Changes in weather impermanence) that weather is very cold or hot, must have other cold-resistant or heat resistanceheat resistant equipment fully in energy saving house, make provision against emergencies energy saving door and window, roofing etc. damage and cause frostbite, heatstroke or other potential safety hazards.Also identical defence must be carried out in cold and hot season in the relatively mild area of weather.

2) enforcement of energy-saving glass curtain wall:

A) when window wall is arranged on outside house frame, if reinforced concrete frame, pre-buried support member is needed.As Figure 15, support member 1,2,3,4 can be imbedded in the floor place framework of first floor, in roof place framework, imbed support member 5,6,7,8; Wherein 1 and 2,3 and 4,5 and 6,7 and 8 is close, in groups respectively, with reinforcing security (if a damage in each group, another must can carry its total weight); Each support member establishes screw thread, and the length of support member will exceed the thickness of window wall, to install nut; Fastener (it specifically constructs and sees Fig. 3) is established in the side of window wall 9, thus prevents from misplacing between each layer glass, being out of shape.Window wall 9 to be placed on support member 1,2,3,4, under 5,6,7,8, then on its screw thread, pad, nut to be installed.The upper end of shrinkage joint and window wall certain space should be reserved as shrinkage joint, after will cover nut and pad completely between window wall 9 and support member 5,6,7,8.All support members must support the weight of upside window wall separately, simultaneously the position of fixing downside separately window wall.The cross section of support member and glass contact section should be square, and is horizontally disposed with, to increase the contact surface with window wall; The cross section that support member exceeds glass part should be circular, to arrange screw thread, nut.If the weight of one piece of window wall is large, two groups of support members are not enough to carrying, then should increase the quantity of same window wall upper supporting piece.

If complete level can not be reached when pre-buried above-mentioned support member 1,2,3,4 and 5,6,7,8, then should the upper-lower position of each support member be set to adjustable: on each support member, the screw hole of two above-below directions can be established in the position of bearing glass, then respectively two bolts vertical (nut upward) be screwed into wherein; Rotating nut makes it reach the unified horizontal plane of same layer floor again, and the nut of the lower end that tights a bolt; (crown cap should have enough thickness and width finally two nuts to be connected same rectangle crown cap, the load of its unit area is reduced) when being beneficial to bearing glass, and strengthen the diameter of horizontal nut and pad on support member, in case window wall departs from the scope that it stops.

Laterally also must shrinkage joint be set between different window wall blocks; Transverse direction between adjacent glass block and vertical gap all should be sealed.Place that is passing personnel, that stop need use tempered glass.

The section of seam crossing up and down of window wall should be set as the mode in Figure 16.Wherein inner side 1,2 level of upper and lower wall, outside 3,4 tilts, within the inside that can prevent rainwater from infiltrating wall like this or house.The position of support member is being installed, the outside 3 of glass should polish by the glass brick of seam top, to make support member through (also can make identical shape by modes such as straight formings) in the groove ground, thus make the equal frame of each layer of window wall on support member; On the glass brick that seam is following, the outside 4 of glass should be avoided to be processed into inclined-plane, and its original state (section is right angle) should be kept, to avoid the nut on support member and pad to be in contact with it less than enough contact surfaces maybe can not be had, do not have enough stops and fixation.Good waterproof sealing must be carried out with fluid sealant in the position of support member.The upper and lower side of each layer glass (except outermost layer) of window wall should respectively establish an aperture, for being filled with inert gas and closing; When causing glass atomization just in case intake in window wall, also by aperture, steam can be discharged; The pore of each layer should be relative, so that simultaneously shutoff or open.(hereafter all window walls and roofing all should arrange this air-vent.Door and window also should establish air-vent by this).

Anti-theft device should be established in the position of necessity in the inner side of glass housing wall: as Fig. 1, also can within it set up a nut by Lengthened bolt 8, then itself and the anti-theft bar being fixed on house frame place be coupled together.The connected mode of anti-theft bar is as Figure 17: the two ends of anti-theft bar 1 are coiled into ring-type and weld end points; The ring a of anti-theft bar 1 is connected on the bolt 2 of window wall by nut a1 that (should establish collet between ring a and bolt 2, heat insulation loop a2, a3 should be established respectively in the both sides of ring a simultaneously; The coefficient of thermal conductivity such as collet and heat insulation loop useable glass are low and have the material of certain degree of hardness and intensity to make, its thickness is more beneficial to more greatly heat insulation, but the diameter of collet must be less than nut a1, even if so that heat insulation loop a3 fracture is dropped, the ring a of anti-theft bar 1 also can not depart from bolt 2 because diameter is equal to or greater than nut a1).Bolt 3 is established nut 4 and thick metallic gasket 5; The ring b of anti-theft bar 1 is enclosed within bolt 3 and also fixes with nut 6; Bolt 3 inserts in the hole of metal sheet 7,8; Metal sheet 7,8 is fixed on house frame or floor; The outside of metal sheet 8 screws on nut 9.Tightening nuts 9 (now needing with the hold-down nuts such as spanner 4), anti-theft bar 1 will be tightened up (can not draw tension and damage glass).Need during actual installation first anti-theft bar 1 to be contained on bolt 3, then be contained in by bolt 3 on hole 7,8, then mounting glass wall, finally links anti-theft bar 1 on bolt 2.

The end points of bolt 2 should establish latch, when being turned to avoid the nut outside wall, nut a1 departs from bolt, handicapping block piece answered by house frame or floor simultaneously, rotate (if established the position of bolt 2,3 enough near with house frame or floor, anti-theft bar 1 also can be avoided to rotate continuously) with bolt 2 to avoid anti-theft bar 1.To make the active force of anti-theft bar 1 on window wall evenly, can be symmetrical arranged (shape is as flower basket bolt).In addition, for the purpose of attractive in appearance, the position of metal sheet 7,8 should be accurate, and the size of anti-theft bar 1, bolt 2,3 should be unified.After above-mentioned connector installs, bolt 2 and nut a1 thereof need install insulation cover (see summary of the invention 1Bd and Fig. 1); Due to bolt 2 adding all multicompartments, its nut a4 can not install insulation cover, can in advance by insulating ring cover thereon.

When the framework steel work in house, the built-in fitting of above-mentioned window wall can directly be contained on steel work, and all the other mounting meanss are identical.Because insulation layer is located at outside house, the inferior position of the heat insulation aspect of steel work can be eliminated.

Above-mentioned window wall also can as lighting roof laterally or be obliquely arranged on roof.(weight that braced structures must be able to give support to a roof completely also bears possible maximum sleet load, wind load, earthquake shock etc., must reach predetermined antirust, anticorrosive, ageing resistace simultaneously now must firmly braced structures.Hereafter all roof support structures must be identical therewith); Its concrete mode is determined according to different architectural appearances and structure.Also need to add and can move reflectance coating, in case disadvantageous greenhouse effect or heat radiation simultaneously.The installation that can move reflectance coating can be undertaken by the mode in Figure 18: rotating shaft 1, rotating shaft 2 are arranged on the both sides (lateral view see upper left) of glass brick respectively; Guide rail 3 is established between rotating shaft; The area of reflectance coating 4 can reach the gamut between rotating shaft 1,2; The both sides of reflectance coating 4 are connected (see the front elevation drawing of upper right by multiple connector 5 with guide rail 3, it is clear display in figure, amplify), connector 5 is established pulley a, b, c, d and pulley a1, b1, c1, d1 (see the rear elevation on a middle left side, it is clear display in figure, amplify), and can slide on guides 3; The side of reflectance coating 4 connects tie rod 6 (lateral view see upper left), and its length is equal with reflectance coating 4; Connector 5 also established by tie rod, to make its not getaway 3.Pass through motor or manual mode rotating shaft 2 when launching reflectance coating, thus by the two ends of tie rod around rotating shaft 2, reflectance coating 4 is pulled through along guide rail 3 simultaneously; By motor or manual mode rotating shaft 1 when removing reflectance coating, reflectance coating 4 is won over around in rotating shaft 1 along guide rail 3.The inclined-plane 7,8 (see the upward view on the middle right side and the sectional drawing of lower-left) of band pulley is established at the two ends of guide rail 3; Reflectance coating or tie rod can only be passed in gap between inclined-plane 7,8, and the position of connector 5 can be extrapolated, above push away by the pulley on it, thus is guided to guide rail 3.Rotating shaft 1,2 also must add the shell can supporting its total weight, and be arranged on Kao Qiangchu as far as possible after installing.Connector 5 and pulley thereof need be made with light materials such as plastics and use minimum dimension under the prerequisite of guaranteed strength; Its pulley should cover inside the shell of connector 5, completely in case each connector is entangled to each other in rotating shaft simultaneously.Connected by this rotary shaft, as long as the material of reflectance coating is enough light, larger width (its width is mainly by the restriction of rotating shaft 1,2: if rotating shaft 1,2 wide, install inconvenience) can be covered; Its overlayable length is then almost unrestricted.

If need to install the very large reflectance coating of width, drag-line ring 9 can be established on connector 5 by the front elevation drawing of Figure 18 bottom right, and the rotating shaft 1,2 cancelled in rotary shaft connection and inclined-plane 7,8, move on guides 3 by the traction of drag-line in drag-line ring 9 to make reflectance coating 4 and tie rod 6; Drag-line useable electric moter or manual mode of operation.Reflectance coating or tie rod are namely folded after moving on to the end, need make with the material not easily leaving folding line.The stage casing of drag-line is connected to the junction of reflectance coating and tie rod, thus can pull on both sides, realizes the expansion or folding of reflectance coating.Drag-line on the guide rail of both sides can be rolled onto together during traction cable, and realize simultaneously operating.This collapsible being connected to after reflectance coating folds needs to take certain area; If avoid it to take the plane on roof, the extension that can guide rail 3 is carried out downward or upward in inner side of outer wall, thus folding reflectance coating is moved on to inner side of outer wall.If strengthen the distance between connector 5 on guides 3, the plane taken on roof after reflectance coating folds also can be reduced.

Above-mentioned rotary shaft and collapsible reflectance coating can be applicable to roof, also can be used for other positions.

For the purpose of draining, generally should there be the gradient on roof, should have good overlap joint or sealing between glass brick simultaneously.

If (and other curtain walls on) hereinafter described will manufacture the effect of traditional frame curtain wall on above-mentioned curtain wall, can punch on outermost glass and install bonding jumper (need take into full account the coefficient of thermal expansion of different materials and the fastness of installation.To the material of different heat expansion coefficient, shrinkage joint should be established; Firm for what install, screw should be used to be connected with nut).The appearance effect that also can manufacture other by the method (comprises and manufactures metal curtain wall effect with monoblock light metal plate.Now need to prevent dark panel from absorbing sunlight to heat up, should separation layer be established).

This type of curtain wall is owing to using heavy sheet glass and firmly being installed, and its intensity is not less than any other curtain wall, and projected life can extend greatly.

B) if window wall is installed between floors, the insulation overall to house is unfavorable, but is relatively above arranged on the mode outside house frame, can carry out glassing wall with the glass that size is less, can save the fastener of window wall side simultaneously.Under many conditions, (area as not too cold, not too hot) should feasibility in this way possess.Now the size of window wall block is less than the distance of floor gap, window wall block can be paved up and down and (according to the size of each wall block, can pave one or more layers; The size of wall block is more little be more unfavorable for heat insulation), each wall block should be connected on drag-line or pull bar by its bolt simultaneously.Because the position of drag-line or pull bar can arrange very near with bolt, the two concrete connection can be undertaken by the mode of Figure 19: two of connector 1 establishes ring a, b (lateral view see the left side) respectively; Ring a is fixed on the bolt of window wall (should establish collet and heat insulation loop respectively between itself and bolt, nut, the anti-theft bar specifically implemented in A with energy-saving glass curtain wall is above identical); Apertured a1, b1 and " U " shape bolt 3 (see the top view on the right, be clear display in figure, amplify) on connector 2.After being harmonized in the position of drag-line or pull bar 4, by bolt 3 through hole a1, b1 and nut of screwing on, then the ring b nut of connector 1 is connected on bolt 3; The all nuts finally tighted a bolt on 3.The connection of drag-line or pull bar and floor completes by establishing built-in fitting at floor; Its built-in fitting can be set as 4 metal sheets with holes, and connects (see summary of the invention 1Db and Fig. 4, and enforcement C and Figure 13 of energy saving house) by the adjustable mode of two dimension in hinges of door and window, to make the position of drag-line or pull bar can regulate in all around direction.Drag-line or pull bar need prevent body of wall from coming off further on the basis of structure glue wall seam, and can hold its total weight; As long as can reach this object, its setting need not cross thick or tension.

The intensity of this curtain wall is also not less than any other curtain wall, and projected life can extend greatly.

If window wall is long distance continuous laying in the horizontal direction, shrinkage joint should be established at a certain distance; The correlated condition such as structure, material, weather in house should be investigated in the vertical direction and determine whether establish shrinkage joint.If puzzle joint has certain thickness and use resilient structural silicone adhesive, certain shrinkage joint function can be played.If the flexible of house frame is greater than body of wall, then need to carry out more detailed calculating and experiment.

Gap between adjacent glass block or between glass brick and floor all needs sealing.Place that is passing personnel, that stop need use tempered glass.

Static window wall (no matter be mounted in outside house frame or between floor) generally can not be subject to the shock and impact of door and window and so on.Low layer now in house only can establish thick layer glass (for antitheft) in outermost, and other layers in house only can establish thick layer glass in inner side; Simultaneously by significantly thinning for other each layer glass, and to keep between glass folded frame not thinning.Can the weight of window wall be dropped to minimum like this, and not reduce its bulk strength and heat-proof quality.The house low layer that may be impacted in indoor, simultaneously can establish thick layer glass in inner side.The area attacked there being high wind or the high level of building, if outermost glass is the thin glass of bulk, need carry out emphatically the count and check of wind load, in order to avoid glass is destroyed by wind; If wind-force is excessively strong, then must be changed to the glass (hereafter the exterior wall of useful thin glass identical all therewith) of respective thickness and intensity.Laterally or oblique when being arranged on roof, its undermost glass can not reduce thickness to window wall; The glass in intermediate layer can reduce thickness; May by the impact such as hail or sleet load, place that wind load is larger, the glass of its superiors also must have corresponding thickness and intensity (this to hereafter all glass roofings and other material roofings all applicable).

C) to the window wall be arranged on outside house frame, if the fastener of its side will be cancelled, need at its pre-buried stronger support member in following floor place.Four bolts at every block body of wall corner place all can be connected to anti-theft bar simultaneously; Anti-theft bar is wanted hold its total weight and play the antitheft double action with strengthening structural safety.At more than 2nd floors of house, as attacked without external impacts and high wind, glassy layers all except door and window all can be cancelled heavy sheet glass, and using the thin glass of tempering.

The light transmission function that whole glass outer wall is all fenestrate, glass outer wall is established window be only necessary without when door on the wall, to take a breath.

To the window wall paved between floors, at more than 2nd floors of house, as attacked without external impacts and high wind, glassy layers all except door and window all can be adopted thin glass equally.Between floor, the assembling of thin window wall block can be undertaken by the mode of Figure 20: the panel size larger (as long as not being bigger than the distance of floor gap) of window wall block 1 is more beneficial to heat insulation, is more littlely more beneficial to raising intensity; On the frame 2 of glass at a certain distance with structure glue bonding stopper 3,4,5 etc. with the position of fixing each layer glass plate 6; Then two pieces of adjacent frames and one piece of glass plate are bonded together; Again other glass plates are glued; Finally another two pieces of frames are glued.Each layer glass plate (except outermost layer) of wall block respectively should establish a pore at upper and lower side, for being filled with inert gas, or carries out steam removing when contingency cavity is atomization; If the area of wall block is less, the size of pore also can correspondingly reduce, and uses colourless plug simultaneously, in order to avoid affect outward appearance.

The window wall block that this floor gap is built by laying bricks or stones does not need to use bolt and the connector such as drag-line, pull bar, so the probability fallen increases relatively; If but place that is passing personnel or that stop uses tempered glass completely, simultaneously in house, railing or protective screening are installed (to the thin window wall installed outside house frame close to the place of glass outer wall, also same railing or protective screening must be set), safety problem can solve.

The intensity of this glass building block curtain wall is suitable with frame curtain wall with projected life.

Outside premises framework, between thin window wall and house floor, the advantage of thin window wall is that cost significantly reduces further, even lower than decorative wall, plastering wall; Its appearance effect is not less than any curtain wall simultaneously.Add the advantage of its heat-proof quality aspect, likely comparatively popular.

To built traditional glass curtain wall, if will energy-efficient finishing be carried out, can in the inboard of bare glass curtain wall, thin window wall is paved at the edge of floor.Due to the increase of wall weight, the load of reply storied building structure and ground calculates, and is reinforced if desired.

Thin glass blockwork also can be used as partition wall within doors.Now can reduce the number of plies of glass, and be paved by less wall block in bottom, larger paves on top.The limited strength of this partition wall, but possess the plurality of advantages such as cost is low, lightweight, heat insulation, sound insulation, attractive in appearance, speed of paving is fast.

In the area that indoor/outdoor temperature-difference is great, the window wall being arranged on floor gap can add insulation layer in the local of indoor building structure framework, effectively can reduce the cold-heat bridge effect that structural framing causes like this; Best bet is arranged on outside house frame by window wall, or outside framework, add short wall that is identical with window wall structure and cover framework completely and narrow wall.This short wall and narrow wall can establish two or more connecting hole (will establish ring-type parting bead around connecting hole in centre, leak to avoid the inert gas in each layer cavity, strengthen the intensity of connection hole) simultaneously, and connecting hole be enclosed within pre-buried or be installed on the bolt at house frame place, then decorate Upper gasket, nut, insulation cover at bolt end.

Above-mentioned thin glass building block also can as lighting roof laterally or be obliquely arranged on roof.But as cementing thin glass brick, except using tempered glass completely, glass brick also must be arranged in closeer braced structures; To be arranged in relatively sparse braced structures by large-area cementing glass brick, must change basecoat glass into thick tempered glass, intermediate layer can be thinner, and most last layer needs according to the possibility be hit and sleet load, wind load and determining.

D) in the area that variations in temperature is large, if the employing of above-mentioned energy-saving glass curtain wall, roofing and door and window is heavy sheet glass, the change of temperature can cause adverse influence to fluid sealant: draught head may break through fluid sealant.If what above-mentioned energy-saving glass curtain wall etc. adopted is thin glass, the change of temperature can cause adverse influence to glass: draught head may damage glass.If there is this situation (a lot of area may occur), the air-vent on each face glass should be connected air bag and (comprise the short wall outside house frame, the air-vent on narrow wall.In the installation process of short wall, narrow wall, its air-vent should be connected to indoor by pipeline that is not aging, not rapid wear).Air bag can be placed in local easily and by the air-vent in tubule junction chamber or lead to the piping outside the house.On the face glass at indoor air-changing hole place, possible constructions is gluing connects pipe, is then entangled firm on pipe by the tubule of air bag.When glass cavity heat discharges inert gas, air bag will be propped up; When glass cavity is caught a cold and absorbed gas, air bag will shrink.If the pore on wall is more, can by the branching tubules of air bag.Air bag and tracheae should seal, and guarantee not waste its gas.

For conserve space, air bag can be located in hollow partition wall.The glass partition described in enforcement C of energy-saving glass curtain wall can take on this: as Figure 21, reserves vertical mouth 2 in the inner side of glass building block 1; The size of air bag 3 and building block 1 match and are less than the cavity of building block 1, can destroy glass when vertical mouth 2 is put into the cavity of building block 1 and can avoid air bag turgor; The back side of air bag 3 establishes support bar to avoid it sagging.During installation, air bag 3 is put into cavity from vertical mouth 2, cover fillet 5 is passed in tracheae 4 other end on air bag 3 simultaneously, then seal up cover fillet 5 at vertical mouth 2.Tracheae outlet on cover fillet 5 need wider than TD, so that the cavity ventilation of building block 1 self.Cover fillet 5 need make of light materials such as plastics, and establishes fastener can take off when observing air bag 3 or changing easily and cover.For keeping the outward appearance that window wall is good, the diameter of tracheae can be comparatively thin, and install along the puzzle joint of window wall; By glass building block 1 making such as ground glass, patterned glass, or air bag 3 can be made of transparent material simultaneously.

Each air bag and tracheae answer periodic detection, in order to avoid blocking or gas leakage.

If the cavity inherence of above-mentioned energy-saving glass curtain wall, roofing and door and window does not need transparent place to adopt waterproof, air-locked warming plate, and warming plate fills up cavity, then its air-vent, tracheae, air bag etc. all can save; Its cavity does not need layering simultaneously, can save each inner layer glass; As long as it reaches enough gross thickness, predetermined heat insulation object just can be reached.But this mode is what to sacrifice the transparent functional of glass be cost, and what thus use is limited in scope.

Energy saving house is implemented to the respiratory mechanism of the brick wall, concrete wall etc. of the curtain wall brick exterior wall described in B and all kinds of band cavity, also its exhaust opening can be connected above-mentioned air bag.But it is large in variations in temperature and the capacity of the regional curtain wall brick exterior wall that solar radiation is strong etc. may be very large; If air bag does not hold its capacity, still need to use filter tracheae and place absorbent material in cavity within the walls.

In each layer glass cavity of curtain wall, roofing and door and window during inert gas injecting, air injection pipe can be inserted into the end at air-vent place, and on pipe the position apertured of every one deck cavity, to inflate at each layer simultaneously.If different gas will be filled with at each layer, should air-vent be provided separately, and cut off around pore annular bar in different cavitys, thus avoid the mixing of gas; Now, also identical annular bar must be installed connecting the bolt hole place of each layer glass plate, and be located at each layer simultaneously and cut off.

E) material of energy-saving glass curtain wall, roofing and door and window is except glass, (such as in the area that weather is not too cold, can also can adopt organic glass with the material of other low thermal conductivities; Do not needing transparent place, can plastic plate adopted; To the material do not grown service life, can regularly replace).The assembling of various material (comprising glass) is except mechanical systems such as described bolt, splicing above, the mode such as welding or straight forming can also be adopted, to form the structure that can superpose arbitrarily plate layer, arbitrarily control panel interblock distance, thus reach arbitrary heat-proof quality.

To the body of wall made by comparatively light or softer material, the mode of suspension can be adopted to install: as the lateral view amplified in the front elevation drawing of Figure 22 top and Figure 23, threaded connector 1,2 pre-buried or be arranged on the top in lower floor's house frame (or floor) outside, threaded connector 3,4 pre-buried or be arranged on the bottom in upper strata house frame (or floor) outside; According to the weight of body of wall and the size of connector, the connector quantity on same body of wall can be established multiple.As floor or framework thicker, the connector on same layer can consistency from top to bottom, otherwise can stagger (see the connector 1,3 of consistency from top to bottom in Figure 23.If floor or framework thinner, connector 1,3 can stagger at above-below direction, its upper-lower position can be shifted to central authorities like this, makes embedding more firm).Apertured 6,7,8,9 (front elevation drawing see Figure 22 top) on body of wall 5, its position respectively with connector 1,2,3,4 corresponding.Pre-buried or installation connecting element 1,2,3,4 time need fix the position of each connector with the identical model in position and hole 6,7,8,9, so that the later stage directly can be inserted into connector (upper and lower end inside body of wall 5 should establish handle) when installing body of wall 5 inside house, then loads onto pad, nut, insulation cover at connector end; Also can directly be taken out inside house when changing body of wall 5.

Connector 1,2,3,4 should be set as spherical 5a (lateral view amplified in Figure 23 towards body of wall and indent, is seen in its bottom surface) in body of wall 5 outside, then to enter inside it through body of wall 5 and load onto pad, nut etc.; The hole 6,7,8,9 of body of wall 5 should be set as convex surface 5b in outside simultaneously, and convex surface is withstood on the sphere of connector, thus rainwater cannot be flowed in the hole of body of wall 5 along connector.On the other hand, groove 5c need be established at the root of outside high spot in hole 6,7,8,9, to make rainwater outside body of wall 5 toward cannot along in its panel ostium time dirty.

Also need heat insulation 10 (see the front elevation drawing that Figure 22 is following) is installed except above-mentioned connector outside house frame or floor, its structure and material can be identical with body of wall 5, its area should cover the distance between upper and lower body of wall, outside it the built-in fitting place of body of wall 5 can respectively on, to end do extend, to cover built-in fitting (lateral view see amplifying in Figure 23) respectively.The connection of heat insulation 10 can be completed (see the front elevation drawing that Figure 22 is following) by framework (or floor) outside connector 11,12 that is pre-buried or that install; The position of connector 11,12 need be corresponding with the hole on heat insulation 10, and therefore it is pre-buried or also need when installing to use the model of heat insulation 10 to fix.Be inserted into connector 11,12 when heat insulation 10 is installed, then screw on pad, nut and rain-proof cover 10a (lateral view amplified in see Figure 23) at connector end points.After rain-proof cover 10a tightens, its edge should enter corresponding groove 10b on heat insulation 10, cannot enter connecting hole in heat insulation to make rainwater.If the area of heat insulation 10 is comparatively large, multiple connecting hole can be established thereon, on house frame or floor, establish multiple connector simultaneously.

Slightly gap should be stayed between body of wall 5 in Figure 22,23 and the body of wall that is adjacent, and respectively establish multiple small cylinder along gap in the inner side of wall, by the moved elastic sealing strip with two row's small sircle holes, embedding thereon (top of each small cylinder should be coarser than root again, the internal diameter of each circular hole then should be in contrast, thus can make the installation of weather strip more firm), thus the gap between body of wall is sealed.Body of wall also slightly should stay gap below and between house frame or floor, and establish multiple small cylinder (can respectively establish two rows up and down in the inner side of wall along gap, shape is the same), and will be thereon embedding with the moved elastic sealing strip of circular hole (shape is the same), with the gap on the upper and lower limit of closed body of wall.If the gap between two adjacent bodies of wall 5 is comparatively large, vertically should respectively establish one elastic barrier bar in the left and right side of body of wall; This barrier rib with body of wall with high, should be installed by establishing outer narrow interior wealthy groove in body of wall side.Distance on the left of body of wall between barrier rib and panel should be different from the distance on right side, thus makes to form front and back twice barrier rib between neighboring walls.When installing body of wall, barrier rib needs to rely on its elasticity to cross mutually, otherwise should reduce its thickness.The Main Function of barrier rib keeps off the rain, and its thickness exceedes the half in gap between body of wall.If the gap between two adjacent heat insulations 10 is comparatively large, also elastic barrier bar can be installed in the same way.

A rhone all need be established in extension body of wall 5, heat insulation 10 and heat insulation 10 hiding built-in fitting at top, rhone should be established along inner side and both sides, and rolls outwardly on both sides tiltedly, rainwater to be caused outside; Meanwhile, a vertical drainage groove also need respectively be established in extension body of wall 5, heat insulation 10 and heat insulation 10 hiding built-in fitting in both sides, rhone should be established along inner side, inverted draw cut is connected on top, outside is folded to obtuse angle in bottom, establish limit at bottom land, the rainwater of collection to be caused outside simultaneously; The degree of depth of body of wall 5 and heat insulation 10 side discharge groove is greater than the groove of above-mentioned barrier rib.Body of wall 5 all should have certain gradient outwardly with the bottom surface of heat insulation 10, to make it low inside and high outside, avoids rainwater to flow to inner side.In addition, if what fills in body of wall 5 and the cavity of heat insulation 10 is gas, then air-vent palpus and airbags; By the mode of water filling, inert gas in it can be entered new body of wall and heat insulation when changing body of wall and heat insulation.If what fill in its cavity is waterproof, air-locked heat insulating material, then can save air-vent and tracheae, air bag.

Above-mentioned body of wall 5 all greatly simplifies than modes such as traditional scaffold and keel with the installation and removal of heat insulation 10, and intensity is higher, the installation of exterior wall and decoration can be made simultaneously all to carry out in indoor, increase substantially construction speed.Its construction is unrestricted to the height of building, but must be connected to firmly safety belt all personnel of floor edge operation, and ground must isolate in job area simultaneously.

To the roofing made by comparatively light or softer material, above-mentioned suspension type can be installed and change horizontal or oblique installation into: the connecting rod installing above pointing to or oblique upper on roofing keel, then above-mentioned body of wall is kept flat or tiltedly puts, connecting hole on it is inserted connecting rod simultaneously, then load onto pad, nut, insulation cover at the end points of connecting rod.The body of wall (for simplicity, hereinafter referred to as roofing body) kept flat or tiltedly put should be set as convex surface in the upside of each connecting hole, and is set as groove at convex surface root, flows into connecting hole with rainwater-proof.Slightly gap should be stayed between each roofing body, establish multiple small cylinder (its top should be coarser than root) in surrounding and adjacent roofing body along seam simultaneously, and (its internal diameter answers top to be greater than bottom will to arrange small sircle holes with two, corresponding with cylinder) moved elastic sealing strip thereon embedding, thus close the gap between two adjacent roofing bodies.Meanwhile, rhone should be established along this gap in the upside of each roofing body, and the contact surface of elastic sealing strip and roofing body should tilt to rhone; (cross section of aqueduct should be identical with rhone, can be " U " shape or " V " shape, and welding or cementing on the rhone on both sides to need to be connected to each other its rhone by aqueduct between each adjacent roofing body.For making aqueduct entirely be connected with the inner surface of rhone, the concave surface identical with aqueduct cross section outline can be established at rhone place, and aqueduct two ends are embedded concave surface), rainwater is all thrown in open valley or outside eaves the most at last.For convenience of draining, roofing should not be set as complete level, and need have certain gradient.To the roof establishing parapet, roofing body should be overlapped on gutter; Gutter should have enough capacity and configure enough leaders, overflows outside it to avoid heavy rain or snow melt.To the roof not establishing parapet, roofing body should be overlapped in exterior wall top and surmount its position, so that draining.For the roof of other profiles and structure, need arrange as the case may be.

If what fill in the cavity of above-mentioned roofing body is gas, its each layer cavity need be connected to air bag by air-vent equally; If what fill in its cavity is waterproof, air-locked heat insulating material, air-vent and tracheae, air bag also can be saved.

The installation of above-mentioned roofing body can be carried out in indoor, constructor need not climb to roof: can in house top flooring by roofing body jack-up (or being sling by falsework), then the position of connecting rod is moved to, its position is declined and inserts connecting rod, all follow-up installation works can be carried out.Last block roofing body should be installed on highest point and establish less area, to make to reserve enough gaps between itself and each adjacent roofing body and convenient operation; Horizontal slot should be established, to place heat-preservation cotton and fixed by horizontal plate in the gap of surrounding bottom it; If the profile of last block roofing body is close to square but not rectangle, roofing need be positioned over second from the bottom piece simultaneously, otherwise the last hole of roofing can not be crossed, must prevent it from sliding, dropping simultaneously.Then pad, nut, insulation cover (accidentally drop at roofing if any pad, nut etc., this roofing body must be removed and fetch, to avoid potential safety hazard) is loaded onto by its gap at connecting rod end points; Then drainage aqueduct is laid and to be welded after putting in place or cementing; Again the wide weather strip (its bracing wire and shrinkage pool need be located at each connection hole of wide weather strip) of the many bracing wires of bottom surface band and shrinkage pool (can be withstood in shrinkage pool with spillikin when aiming at weather strip position by the cylinder on its bracing wire embedding both sides, gap.For convenience of the installation of weather strip and fixing, cylinder can establish small diameter in upper end, and stage casing increases thick, and hypomere attenuates); Finally will insert the gap of this roofing body surrounding without the sheet heat-preservation cotton of chip or the heat-preservation cotton in bulk after wrapping up, and in its bottom slot, insert the lightweight plate (only its fastener skidded off that plate should be set up defences) that plastics etc. make, thus heat-preservation cotton is avoided to drop.

Use the mode of this indoor location that the construction of roofing can be made more convenient.To being provided with courtyard, the isostructural multistory building in entrance hall, as its courtyard establishes top, entrance hall leads directly to roofing, the braced structures on roof can be manned simultaneously, then the installation of the place such as courtyard, entrance hall roofing is more suitable for carrying out on roof (operating personnels all during installation must be connected to safety belt, and must establish multilayer firmly safety net below); Braced structures as roof can not be manned, then need build the platform of installation in its underpart.

The mounting means of above-mentioned roofing also can change reversely hung Yong into: on roofing keel, install the connecting rod pointing to below or oblique below, and is set as by the root of connecting rod spherical (its bottom surface down and indent); Then by above-mentioned roofing body level or inclination jack-up, connect hole simultaneously and insert connecting rod, and by the high spot top on the upside of connecting hole to the sphere of connecting rod root, thus make rainwater cannot flow into connecting hole along connecting rod; Pad, nut, insulation cover is loaded onto again at the end points of connecting rod.Its connecting rod fully must can carry the weight of roofing body and arrange in pairs (suppose there is a damage in a pair connecting rod, another can must bear separately its weight) in surrounding.Last block roofing body also should establish less area, and is installed on highest point by the method that last block roofing body with above-mentioned indoor location is identical; But the gap reserved between itself and each adjacent roofing body can be less, because do not need to go to upside to install pad, nut etc. by this gap.Use this reversely hung Yong that the installation and removal of roofing can be made to be more suitable for carrying out in indoor, simultaneously except the courtyard of multistory building and the entrance hall of straight-through roofing, can carry out easily installing or changing in any local of roofing.

As produced above-mentioned body of wall, roofing or door and window etc. with organic glass, plastics etc., (its material can not adopt the kind of release hazardous substances, must reach safety standard completely; Fire-protection standard must be reached completely simultaneously, stop explosives, inflammable items kind.Hereafter all goods for indoor are identical therewith, for simplicity, no longer repeat), its very light in weight, cost are very low, color is very abundant, and structural strength and heat insulation function can not less than other materials; But its application life very short (be generally no more than 10 years, roof is shorter).If exterior wall, roofing adopt these materials, its installation can adopt above-mentioned suspension type and transverse direction, oblique formula, reversely hung Yong etc., so that change; More than second floor, the floor place of outer wall must install protective guard or protective screening additional simultaneously, and unified, periodic replacement roofing body, body of wall, heat insulation and door and window.In addition, must unified full position (following as roofing body on its all material, both sides inside body of wall, the top of heat insulation) founding production time and useful life (otherwise must be considered as defective), transparency, quality, the intensity of useful life on each material and material must be made regular check on simultaneously, thus get rid of the potential safety hazard that material aging causes.As do not guaranteed the carrying out of above-mentioned maintenance work, its material can only make short-term or Interim use, and must remove in time.On the other hand, due to its more easily melt, anti-theft feature is limited, need have in house the floor of antitheft requirement or region that safety grid (safety net can be united two into one with it) is installed, on the door and window having antitheft requirement, security door, burglary-resisting window are installed simultaneously.

Hinge (see summary of the invention 1Db, Fig. 4) on its door and window can in the inner side apertured of door and window and in hole embedding nut, then by bolt, the mounting plate 1,2 in Fig. 4 is fixed on door and window.Mounting plate 1 or 2 can be established very long, and symmetrical cylinder a can be set in its both sides, two symmetrical metal sheet e are set on doorframe or window frame simultaneously and clamp two cylinder a, thus mounting plate 1,2 can be made to support very wide door and window, and the thickness of door and window panel need not be increased.The connection such as door lock, window bar also realizes by embedding nut.

Walls and roofs, door and window etc. as produced with above-mentioned organic glass, plastics etc. carry out the insulation finishing of built house; install an iron door to guard further against burglars except adding in the place of necessity, except burglary-resisting window; the convenient degree of its installation and removal is very high, heat-insulating property can be not less than any other energy saving house; and due to the protection of original building and bridging effect, application life can extend.Its construction cost is very low simultaneously, and can play good indoor decorative effect (in useful life, organic glass, plastics etc. have the advantage of the decoration aspects such as optical property, color, plasticity).Except door and window, the cavity wall of its walls and roofs body etc. can be established very thin.Bed rearrangement building only need install this body of wall additional by suspension type in the inner side of exterior wall, this roofing body is tiled at support place under domatic roof, hang upside down this roofing body in the downside of plane roof, carry out the reversal of the natural order of things of this material (its structure is identical with roofing body in the downside of housing bottom, for simplicity, hereinafter referred to as floor layer) and door and window is replaced with this energy saving door and window (or installing this energy saving door and window additional at former door and window place).Compared with the application of material this in newly building a house, the barrier rib etc. that each body of wall, roofing body, floor layer, door and window can save rhone, keep off the rain in the insulation finishing built a house, must retain weather strip simultaneously.Can applied chemistry bolt or welding in its suspension type or reversely hung Yong are installed; Be the positions such as fixing roofing body in flush system is installed, also can use chemical bolt or welding.Connecting rod is fixed by nut that (connecting rod can be set as " L " shape by chemical bolt, bottom apertured is enclosed within chemical bolt), again by the connecting hole of connecting rod through body of wall, roofing body etc., then load onto pad, nut, insulation cover at connecting rod end points.

Two adjacent connecting rods can be set as " U " shape connector, and bottom it apertured, share a chemical bolt.Chemical bolt should be avoided beating on the structural framing in house; Width as structural framing on exterior wall is comparatively large, can arrange chemical bolt, and the connecting hole on body of wall to be installed is located at relevant position away from sideline.In reversely hung Yong is installed, if roofing, floor are cast-in-place armored concrete slab, can punch thereon, and pass from upside with bolt, the light steel cross bar connected below (should dig out the space of nut when floor being beaten bolt hole, give prominence to avoid nut, cause floor injustice), the lightweight connecting rod pointing to below is passed through the cuff of its upper end on light steel cross bar simultaneously, then the connecting hole of roofing body, floor layer is hung over (block pieces such as lightweight nut will be established in the lower end of lightweight connecting rod) on cross bar by lightweight connecting rod.The position of reinforcing bar need be avoided with reinforcement location instrument etc. when concrete slab punches.Must check whether have cable, water pipe and so on (a few types can be established in the connecting hole position of body of wall to be installed, so that replaceable corresponding type is to avoid facility within the walls when meeting this situation) within the walls with scanning instrument for steel bar etc. when bolt played by exterior wall.Meanwhile, must insulating glove be worn when exterior wall and concrete slab punching, must with detections such as electroscopes when having beaten hole and before constructing.

As carried out insulation finishing with the very light material such as plastic sheeting to the walls and roofs of built house, floor, door and window, its installation and removal are more convenient than panels such as above-mentioned organic glass, plastics.If the interior filling of film cavity is warming plate, as long as the thickness of cavity wall can carry the weight of warming plate, warming plate will have the appearance profile of certain rigidity also needed for maintenance; If what fill in film cavity is gas, as long as the thickness of cavity wall can be avoided leaking gas, its profile determined by the shape after inflating.Blanketing gas can be cost-saving and do not reduce heat insulation effect and appearance effect than fill insulant material.For the body of wall of inflation, its structure and installation should do following adjustment: as Figure 24, the open floor 1 (see the front elevation drawing on the left side and the lateral view on the right, the light materials such as floor plastics make) of hard can be adopted in side thereon, thus ensure that the film 3 between connecting rod 2 is not sagging; Arrange on floor 1 simultaneously across each layer tracheae 4 (as each layer the gas that injects different, need tracheae be provided separately); Each layer cavity in body of wall is all divided into strip, side by side each rectangular is connected to simultaneously one vertical always rectangular with it, always rectangularly to communicate with tracheae 4; Each rectangular side by side between except by always rectangular should be not connected; In addition, the connecting hole of the soft body of wall of this film should be arranged in floor 1; Connector on original wall body should reach the top of body of wall, so that the soft body of wall of film also reaches the top.

If there is very wide Vierendeel girder on original wall body top or wherein has cable, water pipe etc., " L " shape connecting rod that bottom surface can be used longer, and the bolt hole of two connecting walls can be established in connecting rod bottom surface, thus bolt can be played on beam, also can avoid other facilities, and avoid connecting rod to rotate.Space between the floor 1 on soft body of wall top and ceiling can be filled out with materials such as sponges.The materials such as sponge should not close its space completely, and need reserve certain interval so that a small amount of air at original wall body place expands with heat and contract with cold.

By zipper closure between two adjacent soft bodies of wall.Sealing strip can be established in the ground that soft body of wall two ends arrive partition wall, and double faced adhesive tape is pasted at the sealing strip back side, and is attached on partition wall.Arrival floor, soft body of wall lower end part also can be established sealing strip and use the same method and is affixed on floor.Slide fastener and sealing strip can establish ornamental fringing.

The inner side of soft body of wall should establish reflectance coating to block heat radiation.Multiple color, frame, pattern etc. can be established in the outside of soft body of wall, thus build good room effect.Also can be set to transparent in the place needed.In addition, this soft body of wall is also easy to utilize light scattering, designs multiple atmosphere.

Namely by its tracheae injecting gas after soft body of wall is in place.Different gas need connect different tracheaes.After gas fills, the other end of its tracheae must connect air bag.Air bag can be set as the pressure air bag in Figure 25: multiple gravity bag 2 is established at the top of air bag 1, and water filling in bag is also opened by threaded cap 3 or closes (similar breakfast soya-bean milk bag).Each gravity bag is connected, and covers whole air bag top.Soft wall connecting will be enough to prevent air bag from being propped up at cold day to the weight of its crest water flooding bag during air bag, does not cause air bag or soft body of wall, tracheae etc. to break with gas expansion because weight is excessive in hot day simultaneously.Due to the pressure that the weight (its weight remains on a rational steady state value) of water filling bag is formed, each cavity of soft body of wall can remain open configuration.Because the height of single pressure air bag can not be excessive, can placed side by side for multiple pressure air bag or layering be put on the top of the shelf; Some montants can be established around air bag, can be barred within the scope of montant when airbag aeration raises or exhaust declines, thus avoid it to tilt or roll; As being set as hardboard by bottom air bag, its position can be fixed further.

For the very light material manufacture such as plastic sheeting reversal of the natural order of things in house top layer inflation roofing body or hang upside down in underfloor inflation floor layer, its structure and installation should do following adjustment: as Figure 26, the both sides of light steel cross bar 1 can be established hook 2 (rear elevation and following lateral view see top), and hard open floor 3 (its material is identical with the open floor of above-mentioned soft body of wall) is hung between light steel cross bar, on membrane roofing body or floor layer 4, establish floor 3 at a certain distance, to avoid it sagging simultaneously.Each roofing body or floor layer all should establish the tracheae 5 (tracheae 5 is located in open floor 3) passing through its each layer cavity.The same with soft body of wall, as each layer the gas that injects different, need tracheae be provided separately; Each layer cavity all should be divided into strip, and structure is identical with soft body of wall; Each tracheae all needs Bonding pressure air bag simultaneously.

By zipper closure between each roofing body or floor layer.It arrives exterior wall place and can establish sealing strip and be attached to inner side of outer wall by the method identical with above-mentioned soft body of wall.Slide fastener and sealing strip can establish ornamental fringing.If roof or floor are air-locked structure, the roofing body under it or floor layer should be completely not closed, can establish minority hole at sealing strip place, so that an air heat shrinkage on its top.Meanwhile, the reflectance coating identical with above-mentioned soft body of wall and multiple color, frame, pattern, light effects etc. should be set.

The insulation of door only need be carried out on exterior wall door or the door directly communicated with open air; The overwhelming majority does not need to pull down existing door, as long as install " L " shape connecting rod in former face behind the door and hang above-mentioned film heat-insulating body (that is above-mentioned soft body of wall, roofing body etc.).If door is easily collided, in it, the comparable blanketing gas of material such as filled and process plate provides stronger shock resistance." L " shape connecting rod of film heat-insulating body can be located at the below upper of door simultaneously, is beneficial to the fixing of film heat-insulating body; Its " L " shape connecting rod end points should install insulation cover, so that the heat insulation collision accidental with buffering simultaneously.Film heat-insulating body should reserve the space of operation in the position of door lock and handle, can be set as a hole if desired, hole is with one can the insulation plug of folding.The insulation of window generally does not need to pull down existing window, as long as hang above-mentioned film heat-insulating body yet.Wall inside former window can establish a framework along its sideline, the upper end of framework connects on the wall; The upper and lower side of framework is all established " L " shape connecting rod and installs film heat-insulating body by the mode on above-mentioned door.Can prop when opening or pull-up framework (can prop when opening completely or pull-up more than 90 degree).Framework only need support the weight of film heat-insulating body, can establish very light; Itself and exterior wall should have and be enough firmly connected (vertically can be fixed on the top of window by chemical bolt by two or many bar shaped connectors, horizontal circular hole is established in the lower end of bar shaped connector, establish corresponding circular hole in the top of framework simultaneously and dock, forming hinge arrangement).Framework can establish handle below, the mode of film heat-insulating body on the available above-mentioned door in handle place reserves the space of operation.If the hinge arrangement of this framework is located at side, the intensity of framework need do corresponding raising, in order to avoid distortion.

The equal Bonding pressure air bag of film heat-insulating body of above-mentioned blanketing gas.As pressure air bag will be saved, each cavity in film heat-insulating body can be set as built-in flexible air bag: as Figure 27 (sectional drawing), cavity 1 is divided into multiple folding air bag 2; The wall 3 of air bag 2 should be more soft than wall 4, so that wall 3 is folding and wall 4 is strong when cold events met by air bag; An aperture can be arranged between each air bag 2 of same layer interconnect, to inflate in end; If the gas that each layer cavity of film heat-insulating body is filled with is different, can not be communicated with between each layer.Inflation generally should complete, at the scene to reduce volume during transport; Aeration quantity should make that internal airbag is unlikely when reaching the maximum temperature of territory of use to break because of expansion, when reaching the minimum temperature of territory of use, the unlikely insulator that causes is out of shape, and airbag wall should have enough intensity can compress accordingly gas to make it simultaneously.To this film heat-insulating body hung on the wall, shrink and stretching, extension in the direction vertical with metope for convenience of it, the open floor of its upper end can add slide bar: as Figure 28, establishes some slide bars 3 on the downside of the open floor 2 of film heat-insulating body 1; Surface layer film (from former wall thin film farthest) 4 is fixed on one end of slide bar 3, and other each layer films 5,6,7 etc. are free to slide on slide bar 3 by the hole of its upper end.Surface layer as film heat-insulating body is smooth not, can establish some ribs thereon and form framework or wire side, and is rolled into tubular when carrying.

As the slide bar of suspension film heat-insulating body upper end on the wall will be saved, also the compressing gasbag its internal airbag can cannot be set to flexiblely: each layer cavity of film heat-insulating body is divided into less air bag, simulate the lowest temperature of territory of use simultaneously or gas compression is become the density identical with the lowest temperature, then each airbag aeration being sealed.Must not be communicated with mutually (even if at same layer cavity) between each air bag.The volume of each air bag is less, and its wall thickness is larger with the ratio of volume, and thus the ability of its Compressed Gas is stronger, is more not easy to break.Should for the density of gas in the different territory of uses setting wall thickness of air bag, volume and air bag, be compressed in when reaching the highest temperature in identical volume with the gas be full of under making the lowest temperature and balloon rupture or distortion cannot be made.

Film heat-insulating body for convenience of built-in compressing gasbag transports, can carry out at the scene inflating and sealing: each air bag can be set as strip, all be connected to side or the appearance of film heat-insulating body, all establish pore in side or appearance: then with corresponding air pressure air bag to be full of according to the temperature of construction plant and to seal.

The film heat-insulating body of this built-in compressing gasbag also can be applicable to roofing, floor, door and window.

Film heat-insulating body can establish various ways, but its random layer, the arbitrarily membrane structure of cavity thickness are constant.Wherein the mode of external pressure air bag is beneficial to saving material, and the mode of built-in flexible air bag is taken second place; The mode of built-in heat insulation plate is beneficial to profile and fixes, and the mode of built-in compressing gasbag is taken second place.Each mode all has its feature, pros and cons and the scope of application.

Above-mentioned soft body of wall, roofing body, floor layer and door and window all replace panel with film, its weight and cost have overwhelming dominance in the insulation finishing built a house, and its heat-insulating property can reach arbitrary target, interior decoration also can reach good effect, thus can play more important effect at the universal middle of energy-efficient room.

When newly building a house, as cost-saving, also can selecting to use and stating all or part of permanent heat insulation facility of film heat-insulating body replacement; Now can in the process of building a house the connector of its membrane structure pre-buried.

If cancel membrane structure in the insulation finishing built a house, also warming plate can be replaced.But warming plate is when being directly used in indoor location without when membrane structure, its material and outward appearance need reach higher requirement than for the warming plate of filling, and thus cost can improve, change simultaneously or renovation outward appearance time also can not show a candle to that to change film easy.But in the house having corresponding requirements, the mode of this direct warming plate also can be applied.When adopting in this way, the sealing between each plate can be completed by negative and positive groove (protruding, corresponding sides indent, both sides are close together and seal).

The user in entire building should be avoided to do things in his own way when carrying out above-mentioned various insulation finishing, and finishing should be unified, in order to avoid cause the waste in material, manpower and space at places such as partition walls.

As made above-mentioned body of wall or roofing, door and window with glass by straight forming, its weight ratio organic glass and plastics large, but can greatly reduce weight by significantly thinning each inner layer glass, and the mounting meanss such as above-mentioned suspension type, transverse type, oblique formula, reversely hung Yong can be applied, and protective guard, protective screening and same sealing, drainage pattern.A large amount of manpowers and material in its assembling and installation process can be saved like this, significantly reduce the cost of building construction (if batch production, its cost can lower than the thin glass wall of assembly type, the roofing described in the enforcement C of energy-saving glass curtain wall above), and heat-insulating property, intensity and outward appearance are not second to the material of any other form and mounting means, and permanent use can be dropped into.This glass wall and roofing, door and window are likely more welcome.

For alleviating the weight of glass wall, roofing, door and window as far as possible, can by straight forming, welding, cementing etc. to combine (such as produce frame with straight forming, with welding or glued joint ultra-thin internal layer is installed).Due to the vibrations at the places such as door and window, its each layer must possess the ability of corresponding shock resistance, vibrations.

The glass wall produced by the method such as straight forming and welding and roofing, door and window, side due to its integration can prevent distortion, the installation of walls and roofs simultaneously can adopt the modes such as suspension type, transverse type, oblique formula, securing member described in (summary of the invention 1Da, Fig. 3) can save above.

The connector such as hinge (see summary of the invention 1Db, Fig. 4), door lock, window bar on its door and window, can first be fixed on door leaf or sash with bolt, pad, nut etc., then complete the production of door and window by methods such as weldings in door and window manufacturing process.Mounting plate 1 or 2 can be established very long, can arrange symmetrical cylinder a and be connected on doorframe or window frame by two cylinders simultaneously in its both sides, thus mounting plate 1,2 can be made to support very wide door and window.

Insulation as carried out built house with the above-mentioned glass wall by method productions such as straight formings and roofing, door and window is fitted up, the convenient degree of its installation and removal is also higher, heat-insulating property can be not less than any other energy saving house, and can drop into permanent use.Its thicker face glass can save the necessity installing Anti-theft door and window additional simultaneously.But its weight is comparatively large, and the walls and roofs should produced with above-mentioned organic glass, plastics etc. combines, and can be mainly used on door and window.

F) when window wall is installed between floor, need to be decorated outside the framework in house.Now can the relevant position pre-embedded bolt of concrete frame (can by nut Transducers Embedded in Concrete inwardly), so that the later stage installs short wall, narrow wall and decorative cover.When external decoration, a large amount of chemical bolts etc. can not be squeezed into concrete frame.If steel structure frame, bolt should be set in advance equally.

In the relatively mild area of weather, if do not need to carry out the insulation of house frame and can reach predetermined heat insulation target, then its short wall, narrow wall can save.The joint nut of facing can be fixed on bolt when decorating.The installation of this mode to metal sheet facing is more convenient, because its back side is easily by mode field joints such as welding.If install stone panel or ceramic panel etc., the built-in fitting in Fig. 8 (summary of the invention 2B) can be embedded in concrete frame, or be contained in advance on steel work.If low-rise building, modes such as pasting porcelain plate also can be adopted to decorate, and save built-in fitting.

The decoration of framework need carry out before the installation of window wall, could facilitate transport and the installation of material like this.

3) enforcement of energy-conservation stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall etc.:

A) carrying of this kind of curtain wall must be completed by the body of wall that intensity is high; Especially stone curtain wall and ceramic curtain wall, its weight is usually very large.If the weight such as metal curtain wall are little, then can corresponding reduction to the requirement of carrying wall.Can hollow brick or lightweight concrete building block reach enough intensity to carry this kind of curtain wall, must according to its concrete size and structure by testing decision.

When laying brick and mixing wall, can every the brick (or little concrete block) that certain altitude laying depth is less in larger-size concrete block, and by component a, the b in Fig. 8, and component a1, b1 are embedded in its puzzle joint respectively.These bricks or little concrete block can have some layers, and its gross thickness will make the metal sheet g1 in Fig. 8 move up and down fully; Meanwhile, the position of these bricks or little concrete block will corresponding with the size of stone panel (or other material panels) (can lay along the horizontal joint line of panel) up and down.In addition, when paving these bricks or small concrete block, at the connector of the opposite side of wall pre-buried curtain wall brick interior wall, and every content of (the enforcement B of energy saving house) curtain wall brick exterior wall technological expansion above can be applied, to save material further or to improve heat-insulating property.Although now curtain wall brick is provided at inner side, do not affect the enforcement of its technology.

B) one piece of panel is fixed by 4 step metal sheets.The position of these metal sheets and erection sequence can in the following way: see Figure 29, by outer to following for panel 1 metal sheet g1, g2, and the inner installation of metal sheet g3, g4 of top; Then by outer to metal sheet g5, g6 of panel 2, the inner installation of g7, g8; By that analogy.In this way, the operation of row under the connector arranged can being avoided to stop when regulating nut, nut.

Two bolts f11, f22 on step metal sheet g1 (see Fig. 8) should near metal sheets at above-below direction, and the upper side of its nut should be set to level, to strengthen the supporting surface to metal sheet g1 simultaneously.The bar portion of bolt f11, f22 should be set to square or pentagon etc. by nut place, and through the hole that metal sheet g1 matches, rotates on metal sheet g1 to avoid it; The length of square on shank of bolt (or pentagon etc.) part should be identical with the thickness of metal sheet g1, if any exceeding part, can when installing its nut shimming.

In the process of installation panel, when regulating nut, the nut of lower row and inboard, sleeve or the sleeve of transmission, the spanner of transmission of lengthening need be used.

As Figure 30, the sleeve 1 of lengthening should have sufficiently long connecting rod 2, to reach nut, the nut of lower row.

Drive socket can adopt following structure: see Figure 31, and gear 1 is fixed on the lower end (rear elevation see the left side) of Metallic rod 2 by rotating shaft a; Gear 3 is fixed on the top of Metallic rod 2 by rotating shaft b; Chain 4 connects gear 1,3; Rotating disk 5 is fixed on gear 3; Sleeve 6 is fixed on (lateral view see the right) on gear 1; Handle 7 is established on the top of Metallic rod 2.

During operation drive socket, one holds handle 7, and one holds rotating disk 5, by jacket casing on nut or nut, then rotates rotating disk 5.If the part that bolt exceeds nut is longer, then need select corresponding length when assembling sleeve 6, in order to avoid sleeve ejects by bolt when sleeve 6 reaches nut or rotating screw cap.

The size of drive socket if the distance between curtain wall slab and body of wall is unable to hold, then can adopt the structure of following drive wrench: see Figure 32, the rear portion of hollow wheel gear 1 is groove a (lateral view see the left side), the lower end of Metallic rod 2 is fixed on (see the lateral view on the left side and the rear elevation on the right by semicircular connecting piece b and b1, for show internal structure has been pruned one side of groove a in rear elevation), wherein semicircular connecting piece b is the intrinsic part of Metallic rod 2, and semicircular connecting piece b1 is additional part; Gear 1 can rotate in the lower end of Metallic rod 2; Gear 1 is installed hollow metal sheet c; Hollow metal sheet c can be enclosed within nut or nut and to make it rotate; Gear 3 is fixed on the top of Metallic rod 2 by rotating shaft d; Chain 4 connects gear 1,3; Rotating disk 5 is fixed on gear 3; Handle 6 is established on the top of Metallic rod 2.

The spanner of this transmission also can at its hollow metal sheet c place installing sleeve, and make sleeve contrary with drive socket 6 direction in Figure 31, thus the operation of drive socket of being more convenient for: can be rotated and driven forward sleeve 6 by rotating disk 5 simultaneously.

As the sound of the groove metal slide of hollow wheel gear 1 on this drive wrench will be reduced, bearing (hereafter each drive wrench is identical therewith) can be installed wherein.

If two nuts while of wanting on rotary panel connector or nut, available pair of nigger or two drive socket (spanner).Relatively single sleeve (spanner), two sleeve (spanner) can speed operations speed, but for some fine setting, the former still needs to use.

Two nigger is used for rotating vertical to nut, can adopt the structure in Figure 33: the lower end of bull stick 1,2 is equipped with gear a, b and sleeve 3,4 (see the front elevation drawing on the left side and the gear top view on the right) respectively; Gear c is equipped with in the lower end of bull stick 5, and handle 6 is equipped with in upper end.During swing handle 6, gear c can driven gear d, e and gear a, b rotate simultaneously, thus sleeve 3,4 is rotated.If the resistance of nut is large, the diameter ratio of gear wheel a, b opposed gear c can be added; Also can lengthen the length of handle 6 cross tube, establish the cross bar of corresponding length simultaneously in the top of square frame 7.Because the distance between two nigger is not easily set to adjustable, need the distance between unified nut in manufacture, or its distance is set to several types.

Laterally two drive wrench is for rotating introversion and extroversion nut, can adopt the structure in Figure 34: the rear portion of hollow wheel gear 1,2 is groove (the same with the single-drive spanner in Figure 32), is separately fixed at the lower end of Metallic rod 3 by semicircular connecting piece; Hollow wheel gear 1,2 can rotate in the lower end of Metallic rod 3; Hollow wheel gear 1,2 all installs hollow metal sheet; Hollow metal sheet can be enclosed within nut and to make it rotate; Gear 4 is fixed on the top of Metallic rod 3 by rotating shaft; Chain 5 connects gear 1,2,4; Rotating disk 6 is fixed on gear 4; Handle 7 is established in the upper end of Metallic rod 3.When rotating rotating disk 6, can rotate by driven gear 1,2 simultaneously.If the resistance of nut is large, the diameter ratio of gear wheel 1,2 opposed gear 4 can be added; Also the diameter of traffic cycle 6 can be added.

Vertical two drive wrench is for rotating horizontal nut, the structure in Figure 35 can be adopted: the rear portion of hollow wheel gear 1,2 is groove (the same with the single-drive spanner in Figure 32), the groove of hollow wheel gear 1 is fixed on the lower end of Metallic rod 3 by semicircular connecting piece, the groove of hollow wheel gear 2 is fixed on the stage casing (rear elevation see the left side) of Metallic rod 3 by semicircular connecting piece b, two guide rail b1 and pull bar b2; Gear 1,2 can rotate in Metallic rod 3; By moving up and down of pull bar b2, semicircular connecting piece b can be pulled to move between guide rail b1, thus regulate the distance between hollow wheel gear 1,2, to adapt to the various changes (these change caused by the thickness of brick and brickwork joint) of upper and lower distance between nut; Hollow wheel gear 1,2 is all installed hollow metal sheet c; Hollow metal sheet c can be enclosed within nut and to make it rotate; Gear 4 is arranged on the top of Metallic rod 3 by rotating shaft d; Rotating shaft d can move between two guide rail d1, is attempted by connecting rod 5; The other end of connecting rod 5 is connected on (see the rear elevation on the left side and the front elevation drawing on the right) on bull stick 6; Chain 7 connects gear 1,2,4.

When bull stick 6 forwards to vertical with Metallic rod 3, the groove 6a at its two ends will strut chain 7, to make gear 2 depart from chain, thus can pull up and down, and its fastener 8 will keep off and prevent from reversing in Metallic rod 3 simultaneously, and block piece 8a will prevent clockwise; Gear 2 is moved the nut position of its correspondence to and after putting, is unclamped by fastener 8, forward bull stick 6 to the position parallel with Metallic rod 3 simultaneously and be stuck on block piece 8b by fastener 8 and fixed.When turning to parallel with Metallic rod 3 by bull stick 6, rotating shaft d is pushed up to extreme higher position; When forwarding to vertical with Metallic rod 3 by bull stick 6, rotating shaft d is pulled to extreme lower position; Between connecting rod 5 from bull stick 6, the position of tie point is different can make rotating shaft d mobile different distance between guide rail d1, and its distance should equal its distance that need decline when bull stick 6 struts chain 7, does not depart from gear 1,4 all the time to make chain 7.Rotating disk 9 is fixed on gear 4 (in the front elevation drawing on the right pruned for show internal structure one side of rotating disk 9).Handle 10 is established in the upper end of Metallic rod 3.When rotating rotating disk 9, can rotate by driven gear 1,2 simultaneously.If the resistance of nut is large, the diameter ratio of gear wheel 1,2 opposed gear 4 can be added, also can add the diameter of traffic cycle 9.

The section of fastener 8 is shown in Figure 36: spring 1 can make the barrier plate 2 of fastener push away downwards; When clamping pressing plate 3 and fixed head 4 with hand, barrier plate 2 is liftable; Fixed head 4 is connected on bull stick 5.

Two drive socket, for rotating horizontal nut, can be arranged by the mode of two drive wrench, but generally does not need to use.

In addition, when rotating screw cap d, d1, d4, d5 in installation drawing 8 and nut d2, d3, can carry out in the following manner: as Figure 37, large end 1 cross section of nut or nut d is polygon, for branch sleeve or spanner; The cross section of small end 2 is circular, also rotates wherein for the circular hole in connection fixture 3; Fluting 4, groove 5 on small end 2; Groove 4,5 is comparatively dark, but cannot firmly get on nut or nut d and exceed its wall thickness and expose hole or firmly get the intensity affecting its bar portion; Simultaneously wall thickness at small end 2 place of nut or nut d or diameter can not be too small, in order to avoid groove 4,5 does not reach enough degree of depth; Groove 4, groove 5 direction are parallel, and cross section is square, for inserting weldment 6.During assembling by the small end 2 of nut or nut d through the circular hole in fixture 3, then Upper gasket 7 is overlapped at small end 2, again by weldment 6 insertion groove 4,5, finally 6a, 6b, 6c place of weldment 6 it to be welded simultaneously on pad 7 with small end 2 (for safety and accurate for the purpose of, can not only carry out welding and omitting above-mentioned inserting slot construction; Need to use the material being easy to weld to manufacture weldment 6 and pad 7) simultaneously.Pad 7, weldment 6 can stop rotating screw cap or nut to depart from the component be connected with groove 4,5 etc. effectively.The thickness of pad 7 will make nut or nut d be connected to stably on fixture 3 and not stay gap, in fixture 3, the internal diameter of circular hole is wanted just to mate with the small end 2 of nut or nut d simultaneously, it so just can be avoided to loosen, thus accurately the erecting of panel of curtain wall is put in place.

Hold-doun nut d22, d33 in Fig. 8 can not replace (unless whole component g adopts the material and technology manufacture identical with nut) to establish on component g the mode of screw hole, because the screw hole intensity on common iron is lower than nut, if in use screw hole damages, not easily change.When being mounted with nut d22, d33, on component g, the housing identical with nut shape can being established in corresponding position, and allowing the height of housing reach the half of nut; Then the housing of nut and another half middle apertured (for through component f or f1) is placed; Finally two parts of housing are welded in surrounding.

C) after the erecting of panel of curtain wall puts in place, the gap between adjacent panels should be sealed, and enters inner side and affect the antirust of metalwork with rainwater-proof.

The intensity of this kind of curtain wall and projected life are not less than any other conventional curtain wall.

D) to built Bartlit curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall etc., if energy-efficient finishing will be carried out, in the inboard of former wall application curtain wall brick, cavity, insulation layer and interior wall can be set wall technology.The method that can refer in summary of the invention 2D (Fig. 9) above installs metal connecting piece; If former wall has enough intensity and interior wall material to be installed is comparatively light, also can in indoor by beating chemical bolt and installing its connector; If material very light (even if collapsing also without danger), expansion bolt and installation connecting element also can be beaten.The structural beams in house should be avoided when beating chemical bolt or expansion bolt, and with the facility that scanning instrument for steel bar etc. is avoided within the walls.The mounting means of connector is as Figure 38: can in of connector 1 apertured 2 (front elevation drawing see upper left), other end apertured 3 (see the front elevation drawing of upper left and the lateral view of upper right); After bolt is accomplished fluently, hole 2 is enclosed within chemical bolt or expansion bolt, thus is fixed on the wall by connector 1; Two connectors 1 are installed, can passing hole 3 and set bolt 4.Also can in the middle apertured 6 (front elevation drawing see lower-left) of connector 5, two apertured 7,8 (see the front elevation drawing of lower-left and the lateral view of bottom right); Passing hole 6 and chemical bolt or expansion bolt and by fixing for connector 5 on the wall, then passing hole 7,8 and set bolt 9; If connector 5 and bolt 9 longer, two holes 6 can be established in the centre of connector 5.

Simultaneously, b, c, d, e, f, g, h item of (detailed description of the invention 1B) curtain wall brick exterior wall technological expansion content also can be applied above, and make its direction contrary (curtain wall brick being located at inner side), to improve its heat-proof quality further, or weight reduction, minimizing construction link.Generally, due to the increase of wall weight, need calculate the load of storied building structure and ground, the reinforcing of structure and ground can be carried out if desired.

If interior wall adopts the structures such as light steel keel gypsum board, its intensity can significantly decline, and cost is without advantage; But the internal wall light of its weight ratio various material (not comprising thin light weight concrete construction interior wall), structure or the limited house of ground load-carrying ability also can be applied.

4) enforcement of energy-saving decoration wall, plastering wall: due to the plane materiel not needing carrying stone curtain wall to weigh like that, the every curtain wall brick exterior wall technological expansion content described in (detailed description of the invention 1B) can be applied above when newly-built energy-saving decoration wall and plastering wall more completely, and make its direction contrary.After inner-outer wall and insulation layer build up, then on the exterior wall of light weight concrete construction (or other materials), carry out stickup porcelain plate, the external decoration work such as to whitewash.If it connects for screw bolt-type, then interior wall and insulation layer laying, install and also can carry out after exterior wall and external decoration complete.

If carry out insulation finishing to existing decorative wall, plastering wall, can be undertaken by the mode in (the enforcement D of energy-conservation stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall etc.) above completely.

5) construction cost in energy-efficient room and economic benefit: the energy-efficient room (comprising its energy saving door and window, curtain wall, decorative wall, plastering wall etc.) built by above-mentioned technique, add insulation layer at the position such as exterior wall, floor, the cost of its insulation layer is not high; Curtain wall brick exterior wall adds the curtain wall brick of hollow, and its cost is also lower; Stone curtain walls etc. eliminate the construction of huge metal framework, and its cost can significantly decline; Compound glass used by door and window and curtain wall, substantially reduce the number the use of metal, and the amplitude that its cost declines is also very large; Its film replaces the heat preserving mode of panel that cost then can be made to reduce manyfold, make energy-efficient room realize close at hand.Generally, its cost built not only does not raise, and has decline by a relatively large margin.On the other hand, energy-efficient room significantly can reduce the consumption of air-conditioning, heating installation, for user saves a large amount of funds, saves the considerable energy (energy that after universal, it is saved every year is equivalent to the annual electricity generating capacity of multiple pipe of reinforced concrete at Three Gorges Power Station) for society, thus play due effect for economical, social development.

Claims

1. an energy saving house, is characterized in that door and window or curtain wall have the heat insulation combination of random layer, and after combination, heat-proof quality reaches and establishes the brick wall of insulation layer or the equal level of concrete exterior wall; Roofing, floor and exterior wall are respectively existing general insulation construction or curtain wall brick external wall structure simultaneously, thus all parts in whole room are all covered within insulation construction, can realize arbitrary heat-insulating property and feasible construction cost; The thickness of its insulation construction and material can make thermal transmittance reach 0.3w/m ²below k; Its curtain wall structure directly connected replaces traditional framework, keel etc. simultaneously, thus can save material, raising intensity, and keeps apparent style.

2. energy saving house according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the number of plies and the interplate distance of the glass that door leaf, sash, exterior wall or roofing adopt or low thermal conductivity plate can be selected arbitrarily, thus its heat-proof quality can be promoted arbitrarily, meet or exceed the brick wall or concrete exterior wall of establishing insulation layer.

3. energy saving house according to claim 1, is characterized in that with the plate direct-assembling of bolt by door leaf, sash, exterior wall or roofing.

4. energy saving house according to claim 1, be provided with the low parting bead of coefficient of thermal conductivity at peripheral position between the plate that it is characterized in that door leaf, sash, exterior wall or roofing, parting bead is clamped by bolt and forms interplate cavity; Cavity is sealed, blanketing gas or heat insulating material in cavity.

5. energy saving house according to claim 1, is characterized in that the securing member that the side Metallic rod of door leaf, sash, exterior wall or roofing multilayer plate or high-strength material are formed is fixed, thus can avoid dislocation, the distortion of multilayer plate.

6. energy saving house according to claim 1, is characterized in that the nut, nut etc. of door leaf, sash, exterior wall or the upper outside dew of roofing plate are provided with heat insulation cap.

7. energy saving house according to claim 1, is characterized in that the cavity of blanketing gas in door leaf, sash, exterior wall or roofing plate is provided with air-vent, and connect air bag under the condition that the temperature difference is large; The cavity pore place of brick wall or concrete exterior wall etc. is provided with the filter tracheae of band absorbent material and condensing unit, or connects air bag.

8. energy saving house according to claim 1, it is characterized in that sealing surface in door window frame by multiple guide rail can realize infinity from while Seal and open.

9. energy saving house according to claim 1, is characterized in that the window wall of bolt direct-assembling or low heat conduction plate wall are arranged on the outside in house or pave between the floor in house, saves huge metal framework, support member and cost.

10. energy saving house according to claim 1, is characterized in that the glass brick of bolt direct-assembling or low heat conduction plate are laterally or be obliquely arranged on roof, and becomes insulation lighting roof or heat insulation house surface.

11. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that the reflectance coating that can move is arranged on guide rail, thus can be horizontal or obliquely to open and close in roof; The end points of guide rail is provided with inclined-plane, so that connector is guided to guide rail.

12. energy saving houses according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the building block becoming can lay by the glass plate of random layer or low heat conduction plate structure glue direct-assembling, or manufacture the building block that can lay by the mode such as welding, straight forming, and arbitrary heat-proof quality can be reached; Building block is laid between the floor in house as exterior wall simultaneously, is arranged on roofing as roof, or be laid on inside, house as partition wall.

13. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that the glass plate of random layer or low heat conduction plate straight forming, welding, the mode such as cementing to make the block that can hang, and can reach arbitrary heat-proof quality; Block is arranged on the outside of house frame and floor as exterior wall, as roof, the corresponding site of erection of doors and windows in house, or is arranged on all sites in house as isolation layer; Block can directly be installed to outside framework and floor in house, and carry out sealing at exterior wall and roof by the elastic sealing strip that can move, by the rhone on block and aqueduct draining, thus it is more convenient to make it install, and is easy to change simultaneously.

14. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that replacing panel with film and making film heat-insulating structure or replace film every structure with warming plate, are used for reaching building a house or newly building a house of any thermal requirements by modes such as suspension, reversals of the natural order of things; Guarantee to open film heat-insulating structure by pressure air bag, internal airbag, cystosepiment, rib etc. simultaneously.

15. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that the panels such as stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall are directly fixed in main body wall by three-dimensional adjustable connector, save huge metal framework and cost.

16. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that insulation layer and interior wall are established in the inner side of the main body wall such as stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall, thus can improve arbitrarily its heat-proof quality.

17. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that the connector of the panels such as stone curtain wall, ceramic curtain wall, metal curtain wall regulates accurately by the rotation of nut on threaded rod; Simultaneously its nut and nut are operated by the sleeve of the transmission such as gear and chain or spanner.

18. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that insulation layer and interior wall are established in the inner side of decorative wall and plastering wall, thus can increase substantially its heat-proof quality.

19. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that the outer wall technology of applied in reverse curtain wall brick: be located at inside house by curtain wall brick, concrete block is located at outside, and forms wall technology in curtain wall brick.

20. energy saving houses according to claim 1, is characterized in that the outer wall technology of expansion curtain wall brick: the combination of applying thick building block and thin building block in main body wall, thus the length shortening bolt, save material; Insulating sleeve installed by bolt, thus reduces heat transfer further; Strengthen the width of curtain wall brick, thus save the connection of inner, external wall; Inner, external wall is all paved with concrete block, saves connection; Inner, external wall is all paved with hollow brick, saves connection; Interior wall brick, exterior wall concrete block are paved, and save connection; Inner, external wall brick is paved, and the two connects with brick; Replace curtain wall brick with thin concrete block, retain the connection of inner-outer wall.

Wall technology in 21. curtain wall bricks according to claim 19, is characterized in that: on existing wall, and connector by punching, slotting and imbed, or is installed by chemical bolt, expansion bolt; Apply the structures such as curtain wall brick, lightweight concrete building block, light steel keel gypsum board when arranging its interior wall simultaneously.