CN106962067A - A kind of company's Donges luminous energy greenhouse for Yangtze river basin whole year production - Google Patents
A kind of company's Donges luminous energy greenhouse for Yangtze river basin whole year production Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于长江流域地区周年生产的连栋日光能温室,包括拱圆形大棚、日光温室和工作间;所述的拱圆形大棚与日光温室在长度方向并排连接,并以塑料薄膜隔断;在拱圆形大棚与日光温室的上方设有外遮阳系统,在拱圆形大棚内部设有第一内保温系统,在日光温室内部设有第二内保温系统。本发明温室骨架结构均为装配式安装,省时省工,施工、维修方便,可迁移至异地安装以重复利用。本发明改良了普通塑料大棚和双层薄膜大棚保温差等不足,改善了日光温室夏季高温高湿等缺点,墙体保温蓄热性能优良,充分利用太阳能,后墙可增加透光面积,充分利用光照。此温室兼容性较强,适用于淮河以南地区。
The invention discloses a multi-span solar energy greenhouse for annual production in the Yangtze River Basin, which includes an arched circular greenhouse, a solar greenhouse and a workshop; the arched circular greenhouse and the solar greenhouse are connected side by side in the length direction, and Plastic film partition; an external shading system is provided above the arched greenhouse and the solar greenhouse, a first internal thermal insulation system is provided inside the arched circular greenhouse, and a second internal thermal insulation system is provided inside the solar greenhouse. The framework structure of the greenhouse in the present invention is assembled and installed, which saves time and labor, is convenient for construction and maintenance, and can be moved to a different place for repeated use. The invention improves the shortcomings of ordinary plastic greenhouses and double-layer film greenhouses, such as poor heat preservation, and improves the shortcomings of solar greenhouses such as high temperature and high humidity in summer. illumination. This greenhouse has strong compatibility and is suitable for areas south of the Huaihe River.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及温室结构,具体为一种用于长江流域地区周年生产的连栋日光能温室。The invention relates to a greenhouse structure, in particular to a multi-span solar energy greenhouse used for annual production in the Yangtze River Basin.
背景技术Background technique
我国现代设施园艺方兴未艾,日光温室作为一种节能且耗资低的设施,符合我国现阶段的发展需求。以秦岭-淮河为界的北方地区因冬季寒冷但光照充足,故日光温室在此地区得到了大力推广。而南方地区冬季光照较少,不适合建造常规的日光温室,故该地区园艺设施多以塑料大棚为主。日光温室具有白天蓄热、夜间保温的特点,冬季不加温亦可栽培作物,但温室三面均为墙体,通风性能和透光性能较差,不易降温,夏季室内易高温高湿、栽培困难。塑料大棚四面透光,通风散热良好,覆盖遮阳网即可越夏栽培,但保温性能差,冬季栽培困难,为解决塑料大棚的缺陷与不足,有人提出了塑料双大棚,在普通塑料大棚内,紧贴着棚架再搭一座简易的,由竹木和铁丝构成的棚架,棚架上再覆盖一层塑料薄膜,形成“外大棚”和“内大棚”重叠结构,内外两层塑料薄膜覆盖,可显著提高塑料大棚的保温性。据测定,双大棚结构冬季可比普通大棚提高温度3~8℃。因此双层塑料膜覆盖可增强塑料薄膜温室的保温性,具体来说,这种覆盖方式的温室可分为双层充气温室(双层薄膜充气棚)和双层结构温室(双架双层棚)两种。双层充气温室:与传统的塑料薄膜温室相比,除覆盖材料为双层充气膜外,其他几乎没有多少区别。双层结构温室:其目的也是为了取得双层充气温室的节能效果,但在结构处理上采用了双层骨架分别支撑两层薄膜,取消了两层膜间的充气风机。其优点是节省了充气耗电的运行费用,避免了双层充气膜间的结露,而且可设置卷膜机构将两层膜分别打开或关闭,根据室外光照强度和温度变化开闭塑料膜,使温室的运行在节能和采光两个方面求得优化管理,进一步降低温室的运行能耗,节约成本,尤其适合于我国南方光照不足的地区使用。但由于增加了一层附加结构,增加了温室骨架的阴影率。从运行效果来看,其节能效果要比双层充气温室高5%~10%。但双层结构温室由于两层膜都可以是外层膜(外层膜卷起时,内层膜充当外层膜),在空气含尘量较大的北方地区使用时,薄膜的污染较大,温室的整体透光率降低。值得一提的是,由于采用了双层充气膜覆盖,温室的透光率下降了10%左右。在我国光照充足而冬季气温较低的北方地区使用有较好的效果,但在长江以南地区一般不宜采用,因为冬季光照不足,而气温又较高,双层充气的节能效果难以弥补由于透光不足而带来的损失。因此,提出一种适用于长江流域地区的、低投入高产出的且四季均可栽培生产的新型温室,是亟待解决的问题。my country's modern facility horticulture is in the ascendant, and solar greenhouse, as an energy-saving and low-cost facility, meets the development needs of our country at this stage. The northern area bounded by the Qinling Mountains and the Huaihe River is cold in winter but has sufficient sunlight, so solar greenhouses have been vigorously promoted in this area. However, the southern region has less sunlight in winter and is not suitable for the construction of conventional solar greenhouses. Therefore, most gardening facilities in this region are dominated by plastic greenhouses. The solar greenhouse has the characteristics of heat storage during the day and heat preservation at night, and crops can be cultivated without heating in winter, but the three sides of the greenhouse are walls, the ventilation performance and light transmission performance are poor, and it is not easy to cool down. In summer, it is prone to high temperature and high humidity indoors, making cultivation difficult . Plastic greenhouses are light-transmitting on all sides, with good ventilation and heat dissipation. They can be cultivated over the summer when covered with sunshade nets, but they have poor thermal insulation performance and difficult cultivation in winter. In order to solve the defects and shortcomings of plastic greenhouses, someone proposed plastic double greenhouses. Close to the scaffolding, build a simple scaffolding made of bamboo wood and iron wire, and cover the scaffolding with a layer of plastic film to form an overlapping structure of "outer greenhouse" and "inner greenhouse". , can significantly improve the thermal insulation of plastic greenhouses. According to measurements, the double-greenhouse structure can increase the temperature by 3-8°C in winter compared with ordinary greenhouses. Therefore, double-layer plastic film covering can enhance the thermal insulation of plastic film greenhouses. Specifically, greenhouses with this covering method can be divided into double-layer inflatable greenhouses (double-layer film inflatable greenhouses) and double-layer structure greenhouses (double-frame double-layer greenhouses) ) two kinds. Double-layer inflatable greenhouse: Compared with the traditional plastic film greenhouse, there is almost no difference except that the covering material is double-layer inflatable film. Double-layer structure greenhouse: the purpose is also to obtain the energy-saving effect of the double-layer inflatable greenhouse, but in the structural treatment, the double-layer skeleton is used to support the two layers of film respectively, and the inflatable fan between the two layers of film is cancelled. Its advantage is that it saves the operation cost of inflating power consumption, avoids the condensation between the double-layer inflatable film, and can set the film rolling mechanism to open or close the two layers of film respectively, and open and close the plastic film according to the outdoor light intensity and temperature changes. The operation of the greenhouse can achieve optimal management in terms of energy saving and daylighting, further reducing the energy consumption of the operation of the greenhouse and saving costs, and is especially suitable for use in areas with insufficient sunlight in southern my country. But due to the addition of an additional layer of structure, the shadow rate of the greenhouse skeleton is increased. From the perspective of operation effect, its energy-saving effect is 5% to 10% higher than that of double-layer inflatable greenhouses. However, since the two layers of the greenhouse can be the outer film (when the outer film is rolled up, the inner film acts as the outer film), the pollution of the film is relatively large when used in the northern region with a large amount of dust in the air. , the overall light transmittance of the greenhouse is reduced. It is worth mentioning that due to the use of double-layer air-filled film covering, the light transmittance of the greenhouse has dropped by about 10%. It has a good effect in the northern areas of our country where there is sufficient sunlight and low winter temperatures, but it is generally not suitable for use in areas south of the Yangtze River, because the winter sunlight is insufficient and the temperature is high, and the energy-saving effect of double-layer inflation is difficult to make up for. loss due to lack of light. Therefore, it is a problem to be solved urgently to propose a new type of greenhouse suitable for the Yangtze River Basin area, low-input and high-yield, and capable of cultivation and production in all seasons.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术中的不足,提供一种用于长江流域地区周年生产的连栋日光能温室,使投入产出比和光热资源利用率最大化。The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a multi-span solar greenhouse for annual production in the Yangtze River Basin, so as to maximize the input-output ratio and the utilization rate of light and heat resources.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种用于长江流域地区周年生产的连栋日光能温室,包括拱圆形大棚1、日光温室2和工作间3;所述的拱圆形大棚1与日光温室2在长度方向并排连接,并以塑料薄膜隔断;在拱圆形大棚1与日光温室2的上方设有外遮阳系统4,在拱圆形大棚1内部设有第一内保温系统,在日光温室2内部设有第二内保温系统。A multi-span solar greenhouse for annual production in the Yangtze River Basin, comprising an arched circular greenhouse 1, a solar greenhouse 2 and a workshop 3; the arched circular greenhouse 1 is connected side by side with the solar greenhouse 2 in the length direction, and Separated by plastic film; an external sunshade system 4 is provided above the arched greenhouse 1 and the solar greenhouse 2, a first internal thermal insulation system is provided inside the arched circular greenhouse 1, and a second internal thermal insulation system is provided inside the solar greenhouse 2 system.
优选的,用于拱圆形大棚1与日光温室2隔断的塑料薄膜配备有卷膜器实现自由卷放。夏季通过卷膜器将隔断薄膜卷起固定在上端,冬季再将其放下使用,两温室相通有利于通风降温和管理。Preferably, the plastic film used to separate the arched greenhouse 1 from the solar greenhouse 2 is equipped with a film roll device to realize free rolling. In summer, the partition film is rolled up and fixed on the upper end by a film roll device, and it is put down for use in winter. The communication between the two greenhouses is conducive to ventilation, cooling and management.
所述的拱圆形大棚1、日光温室2均为南北朝向排列,东西朝向延伸;拱圆形大棚2位于南侧,跨度为10.0m,肩高3.0m,脊高5.0m;日光温室2位于北侧,跨度为10.0m,前肩高为3.0m,脊高为5.5m,后墙高度为4.0m,后半坡屋面水平投影为1.40m;所述的工作间3紧靠日光温室2东端山墙24。外遮阳系统4高6m。The arched circular greenhouse 1 and the solar greenhouse 2 are arranged in a north-south direction, and extend east-west; the arched circular greenhouse 2 is located on the south side, with a span of 10.0m, a shoulder height of 3.0m, and a ridge height of 5.0m; the solar greenhouse 2 is located in On the north side, the span is 10.0m, the height of the front shoulder is 3.0m, the height of the ridge is 5.5m, the height of the rear wall is 4.0m, and the horizontal projection of the rear half slope roof is 1.40m; the workshop 3 is close to the solar greenhouse 2 east End gable 24. The external shading system 4 is 6m high.
所述的拱圆形大棚1包括两行东西向对称排列的第一主立柱基础51,在第一主立柱基础51上固定有第一主立柱71,同行相邻两个第一主立柱71之间构成一个开间,在南侧相邻两个第一主立柱71中间位置固定有第一撑杆111,在北侧相邻两个第一主立柱71之间等距离固定有两个竖向撑杆15;在每行第一主立柱71顶部安装有第一天沟纵梁121,在天沟纵梁121顶部安装有第一天沟61;在两行第一天沟纵梁121之间对应第一主立柱71以及相邻两个第一主立柱71的中点处架设有第一拱杆81,各第一拱杆81通过第一纵向拉杆131实现东西向连接,对应除东、西两端外的第一拱杆81安装有第一横向拉杆171;在拱圆形大棚1东、西两端的第一拱杆81分别由第一侧墙立柱91支撑,同侧第一侧墙立柱91之间通过第一联系横杆101连接,在东、西侧分别覆盖塑料薄膜,并在东侧安装有推拉门26;拱圆形大棚1南侧从内往外依次覆盖防虫网和塑料薄膜;在拱圆形大棚北侧的第一天沟61上端800mm处开口设置第一天窗251(即天窗下沿与第一天沟61的垂直距离800mm),第一天窗251长度与拱圆形大棚长度一致,所述的第一天窗251从内往外依次覆盖防虫网和塑料薄膜;在拱圆形大棚1的第一拱杆81上除天窗251外覆盖塑料薄膜。The arched circular greenhouse 1 includes two rows of first main column foundations 51 symmetrically arranged in the east-west direction, on which the first main column foundations 51 are fixed with a first main column 71, and between the two adjacent first main column 71 A bay is formed between two adjacent first main pillars 71 on the south side, and a first strut 111 is fixed at the middle position between two adjacent first main pillars 71 on the south side, and two vertical braces are fixed equidistantly between two adjacent first main pillars 71 on the north side. Rod 15; a first gutter longitudinal beam 121 is installed on the top of the first main column 71 in each row, and a first gutter 61 is installed on the top of the gutter longitudinal beam 121; corresponding between two rows of first gutter longitudinal beams 121 The first main column 71 and the midpoint of two adjacent first main columns 71 are erected with a first arch 81, and each first arch 81 is connected in the east-west direction through the first longitudinal tie rod 131. The first arch bar 81 outside the end is equipped with a first transverse tie rod 171; the first arch bar 81 at the east and west ends of the arched circular greenhouse 1 is supported by the first side wall column 91 respectively, and the first side wall column 91 on the same side They are connected by the first connecting crossbar 101, respectively covered with plastic films on the east and west sides, and sliding doors 26 are installed on the east side; the south side of the arched round greenhouse 1 is covered with insect-proof nets and plastic films sequentially from the inside to the outside; The first skylight 251 is set at 800mm from the upper end of the first gutter 61 on the north side of the arched circular greenhouse (that is, the vertical distance between the lower edge of the skylight and the first gutter 61 is 800mm), and the length of the first skylight 251 is consistent with the length of the arched circular greenhouse , the first skylight 251 is sequentially covered with insect-proof nets and plastic films from the inside to the outside; on the first arch 81 of the arc-shaped greenhouse 1, except for the skylight 251, the plastic film is covered.
具体的,对应第一主立柱71设置的第一横向拉杆171的两端分别固定在东西向对称的第一主立柱71上,对应相邻两个第一主立柱71中点处设置的第一横向拉杆171的两端分别固定在东西向排列的第一天沟纵梁121上。Specifically, the two ends of the first transverse tie rods 171 set corresponding to the first main columns 71 are respectively fixed on the east-west symmetrical first main columns 71, corresponding to the first two adjacent first main columns 71 set at the midpoint. Both ends of the transverse tie rods 171 are respectively fixed on the first gutter longitudinal beams 121 arranged in the east-west direction.
所述的第一联系横杆101和第一横向拉杆171处于同一高度。The first connecting cross bar 101 and the first transverse tie rod 171 are at the same height.
拱圆形大棚1的两行第一主立柱71的间距为10.0m;同一行相邻两个第一主立柱71的间隔为4.0m;每行设有13个第一主立柱71。The distance between two rows of first main columns 71 of the arched circular greenhouse 1 is 10.0m; the interval between two adjacent first main columns 71 in the same row is 4.0m; each row is provided with 13 first main columns 71 .
所述的第一主立柱基础51为点式独立基础。The first main column foundation 51 is a point-type independent foundation.
在所述的第一天沟61首尾两端设有通水口,通水口连上通水管用于排放积水。Water outlets are provided at the first and last ends of the first gutter 61, and the water outlets are connected with water pipes for discharging stagnant water.
优选的,在第一拱杆81和与其对应的第一横向拉杆171间等距离设有三个第一拱架竖向拉杆181;位于中间第一拱架竖向拉杆181两侧分别设有第一拱架斜向拉杆191;第一拱架斜向拉杆191与第一拱架竖向拉杆181呈30-45°夹角。Preferably, three first arch vertical tie rods 181 are equidistant between the first arch rod 81 and its corresponding first transverse tie rod 171; The oblique tie rod 191 of the arch frame; the angle between the oblique tie rod 191 of the first arch frame and the vertical tie rod 181 of the first arch frame is 30-45°.
拱圆形大棚1东、西侧的塑料薄膜通过卡簧和固定在第一侧墙立柱91上的卡槽进行固定。The plastic film on the east and west sides of the arched round greenhouse 1 is fixed by a clip spring and a draw-in groove fixed on the first side wall column 91 .
所述的日光温室2包括与拱圆形大棚1的第一主立柱基础51平行的第二主立柱基础52,在第二主立柱基础52上等间距固定第二主立柱72,第二主立柱72与拱圆形大棚北侧第一主立柱71对称排列,第二主立柱72高于第一主立柱71,在相邻两个第二主立柱72中间布置第二撑杆112,在第二主立柱基础52上对应第二主立柱72内侧设有砖墙预埋柱;在第二主立柱72顶部安装有第二天沟纵梁122,在第二天沟纵梁122顶部安装有第二天沟62;在第二天沟纵梁122和拱圆形温室1北侧第一天沟纵梁121之间对应第二主立柱72以及相邻两个第二主立柱72的中点处,架设不对称的第二拱杆82,各第二拱杆82之间通过第二纵向拉杆132实现东西向连接,除东、西两端外的第二主立柱72和与其对称的拱圆形大棚1北侧第一主立柱71之间安装有第二横向拉杆172,在北侧第一天沟纵梁121与第二天沟纵梁122之间对应于相邻两个第二主立柱72中点处架设的第二拱杆82安装有斜拉杆173;在日光温室2东、西两端的第二拱杆82分别由第二侧墙立柱92支撑,同侧第二侧墙立柱92之间通过第二联系横杆102连接,在东、西侧分别安装泡沫夹芯彩钢板(即聚苯板),形成东、西侧山墙24;在日光温室南侧的第一天沟61上端800mm处开口设置第二天窗252,并于第二拱杆82顶点南侧靠近收卷状态的保温被27处设置第三天窗253,不与收卷状态的保温被27重叠,各天窗长度均与温室长度一致,天窗从内往外依次覆盖防虫网和塑料薄膜,塑料薄膜由电动卷膜器带动自由卷放;在日光温室2的第二拱杆82上除天窗外覆盖塑料薄膜;于日光温室2屋面后坡铺设保温被27,保温被27可全覆盖日光温室2屋面,并可由电动卷被器带动自由卷放;在第二主立柱基础52上设有温室后墙,温室后墙包括下部复合墙体30和上部框架式墙体29,所述的复合墙体30由内向外包括散热层、蓄热层以及保温层;在框架式墙体29内设有可拆装的内层黄麻纤维板和外层黄麻纤维板,并在复合墙体30顶部和第二天沟纵梁122底部之间分别在第二主立柱72和第二撑杆112北侧设有竖向连接杆14;在所述的框架式墙体32外侧设有可拆卸的塑料薄膜用于防止雨水淋湿黄麻纤维板,塑料薄膜由卡簧固定在设于竖向连接杆14外侧的卡槽里;在所述的框架式墙体29内侧覆盖有可拆卸的防虫网。Described solar greenhouse 2 comprises the second main column base 52 parallel to the first main column base 51 of the arched circular greenhouse 1, and the second main column 72 is fixed at equal intervals on the second main column base 52, and the second main column 72 is arranged symmetrically with the first main column 71 on the north side of the arc-shaped greenhouse, the second main column 72 is higher than the first main column 71, and the second strut 112 is arranged in the middle of the two adjacent second main columns 72, and the second The main column foundation 52 is provided with a brick wall pre-embedded column corresponding to the inner side of the second main column 72; Gutter 62; between the second gutter longitudinal beam 122 and the first gutter longitudinal beam 121 on the north side of the arched circular greenhouse 1, corresponding to the second main column 72 and the midpoint of the adjacent two second main column 72, Asymmetrical second arches 82 are erected, and the east-west connection is realized between the second arches 82 through the second longitudinal tie rods 132. The second main column 72 except the east and west ends and the arched round greenhouse symmetrical to it 1 A second transverse tie rod 172 is installed between the first main columns 71 on the north side, and between the first gutter longitudinal beam 121 and the second gutter longitudinal beam 122 on the north side corresponds to the two adjacent second main columns 72 The second arch 82 erected at the point is equipped with a diagonal tie rod 173; the second arch 82 at the east and west ends of the solar greenhouse 2 is supported by the second side wall column 92 respectively, and the same side passes between the second side wall column 92 The second connection bar 102 is connected, and the foam sandwich color steel plate (ie polystyrene board) is respectively installed on the east and west sides to form the gable wall 24 on the east and west sides; the opening at 800 mm from the upper end of the first gutter 61 on the south side of the solar greenhouse Set the second window 252, and set the third skylight 253 on the south side of the apex of the second arch 82 close to the thermal insulation quilt 27 in the rolled state, which does not overlap with the thermal insulation quilt 27 in the rolled state, and the length of each skylight is consistent with the length of the greenhouse , the skylight is covered with insect-proof net and plastic film sequentially from the inside to the outside, and the plastic film is driven by an electric film roll to roll freely; on the second arch 82 of the solar greenhouse 2, except for the skylight, the plastic film is covered; on the back slope of the roof of the solar greenhouse 2 Lay the thermal insulation quilt 27, the thermal insulation quilt 27 can fully cover the roof of the solar greenhouse 2, and can be driven by the electric rolling quilt device to roll freely; the second main column foundation 52 is provided with a greenhouse rear wall, and the greenhouse rear wall includes a lower composite wall 30 And upper framed body of wall 29, described composite body of wall 30 comprises heat dissipation layer, thermal storage layer and insulation layer from inside to outside; In framed body of wall 29, be provided with detachable inner layer jute fiberboard and outer layer jute fiberboard, and between the top of the composite wall body 30 and the bottom of the second gutter longitudinal beam 122, vertical connecting rods 14 are respectively provided on the north side of the second main column 72 and the second strut 112; Body 32 outside is provided with detachable plastic film and is used to prevent rainwater from wetting jute fiber board, and plastic film is fixed in the draw-in groove that is located at the outside of vertical connecting rod 14 by jump ring; There are detachable insect nets.
所述的第二主立柱基础52为条形基础。The second main column foundation 52 is a strip foundation.
在所述的第二天沟62首尾两端设有通水口,通水口连上通水管用于排放积水。The first and last ends of the second ditch 62 are provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is connected with a water pipe for discharging accumulated water.
优选的,在第二横向拉杆172和与其对应的第二拱杆82之间等距离设有三个第二拱架竖向拉杆182,在位于中间第二拱架竖向拉杆182两侧分别设有第二拱架斜向拉杆192;第二拱架斜向拉杆192与第二拱架竖向拉杆182呈30-45°夹角。在斜拉杆173和与其对应的第二拱杆82之间等距离设有三个第三拱架竖向拉杆183。Preferably, three second arch vertical tie rods 182 are provided equidistantly between the second transverse tie rod 172 and its corresponding second arch rod 82, and two sides of the second arch vertical tie rod 182 in the middle are respectively provided with The oblique tie rod 192 of the second arch; the oblique tie rod 192 of the second arch forms an angle of 30-45° with the vertical tie rod 182 of the second arch. Three third arch vertical tie rods 183 are arranged equidistantly between the diagonal stay rods 173 and the corresponding second arch rods 82 .
第一拱杆81由两个相同规格的圆弧形热浸镀锌圆钢管杆件拼接而成;第二拱杆82由一长一短弧形热浸镀锌圆钢管杆件拼接而成。The first arch 81 is spliced by two arc-shaped hot-dip galvanized round steel pipes of the same specification; the second arch 82 is spliced by one long and one short arc hot-dip galvanized round steel pipes.
所述的第二联系横杆102的数量为2根以上,优选为2根,具体包括与第二横向拉杆172处于同一高度的第二联系横杆102以及接近第二侧墙立柱92底端的一根第二联系横杆102;最优选为4根,还包括位于与第二横向拉杆172处于同一高度的第二联系横杆102上下两侧的两根第二联系横杆102。The number of the second connecting cross bar 102 is more than 2, preferably 2, specifically including the second connecting cross bar 102 at the same height as the second transverse tie rod 172 and a second connecting cross bar 102 close to the bottom end of the second side wall column 92. There are one second connecting cross bar 102 ; most preferably four, and two second connecting cross bars 102 located on the upper and lower sides of the second connecting cross bar 102 at the same height as the second transverse tie rod 172 .
所述的散热层由粘土砖砌筑而成,所述的蓄热层由草炭基质填充形成,所述的保温层由泡沫夹芯彩钢板构成。第二主立柱72和第二撑杆112的下部埋于复合墙体30的保温层中,砖墙预埋柱20的下部埋于复合墙体30的散热层中,上部与第二拱杆82连接。The heat dissipation layer is made of clay bricks, the heat storage layer is filled with peat matrix, and the heat preservation layer is made of foam sandwich color steel plate. The bottom of the second main column 72 and the second strut 112 is buried in the insulation layer of the composite wall 30, the bottom of the brick wall pre-embedded column 20 is buried in the heat dissipation layer of the composite wall 30, and the top is connected with the second arch bar 82. connect.
所述的内层黄麻纤维板由固定在复合墙体33内沿的凹槽和固定在日光温室第二拱杆82的凹槽定位;所述的外层黄麻纤维板由固定在复合墙体33顶部外沿的凹槽和第二天沟纵梁122的凹槽定位;外层黄麻纤维板的外侧面与第一主立柱72、第二撑杆112的外侧面在同一平面。黄麻纤维板由黄麻纤维经模压而成,黄麻纤维板密度为60-140Kg/m3,其导热系数在0.09-0.11W·m-1·K-1之间,彼此间差异较小,说明黄麻纤维隔热性较好,选用低密度的黄麻纤维板即可达到隔热保温要求,因此,黄麻纤维板的密度优选采用60Kg/m3。黄麻纤维板的导热系数相对较低,保温隔热效果较好,其密度较小,便于节约用材、施工方便和便于安装与拆卸。而由两层黄麻纤维板构成空腔墙体,中间有空气层,因为整个墙体是密封的(外层黄麻纤维板北侧覆有塑料薄膜,能有效阻止冷风渗透;宽度方向:后墙东侧为工作间,西侧为山墙,从而使后墙达到密封效果),故中间空气层是静止空气,而静止空气的传热系数非常小,能很好地阻挡热量通过墙体流失,保温效果好。该黄麻纤维板可以自由地安装和拆卸,冬天安装黄麻纤维板可减少室内热量向外散失,起到保温隔热作用,温室保温隔热性能好;夏季将其拆除可增大温室透光面积和通风面积,可改善温室光照条件,提高温室的通风降温效果,有效降低室内的温湿度,防止高温高湿,有利于温室作物的正常生长,保证了温室周年生产,减少了温室的空置率。Described inner layer jute fiber board is positioned by the groove that is fixed on composite wall body 33 inner edge and the groove that is fixed on solar greenhouse second arch bar 82; Described outer layer jute fiber board is fixed on composite wall body 33 top outside The groove along the groove and the groove of the second gutter longitudinal beam 122 are positioned; the outer surface of the outer jute fiberboard is on the same plane as the outer surface of the first main column 72 and the second strut 112 . Jute fiberboard is molded from jute fiber. The density of jute fiberboard is 60-140Kg/m 3 , and its thermal conductivity is between 0.09-0.11W·m -1 ·K -1 . The thermal performance is good, and the heat insulation requirement can be achieved by selecting low-density jute fiberboard. Therefore, the density of jute fiberboard is preferably 60Kg/m 3 . The thermal conductivity of jute fiberboard is relatively low, the thermal insulation effect is good, and its density is small, which is convenient for saving materials, convenient construction and easy installation and disassembly. The cavity wall is composed of two layers of jute fiberboard, with an air layer in the middle, because the whole wall is sealed (the north side of the outer layer of jute fiberboard is covered with plastic film, which can effectively prevent cold wind from penetrating; width direction: the east side of the rear wall is In the workshop, the west side is a gable wall, so that the back wall achieves a sealing effect), so the middle air layer is still air, and the heat transfer coefficient of still air is very small, which can well prevent heat loss through the wall and has a good heat preservation effect. The jute fiberboard can be installed and disassembled freely. Installing the jute fiberboard in winter can reduce the indoor heat loss and play a role in thermal insulation. The greenhouse has good thermal insulation performance; removing it in summer can increase the light transmission area and ventilation area of the greenhouse. , can improve the lighting conditions of the greenhouse, improve the ventilation and cooling effect of the greenhouse, effectively reduce the indoor temperature and humidity, prevent high temperature and high humidity, and benefit the normal growth of greenhouse crops, ensure the annual production of the greenhouse, and reduce the vacancy rate of the greenhouse.
表1 不同密度黄麻板材导热系数Table 1 Thermal conductivity of jute sheets with different densities
拱圆形大棚1南侧墙配1套电动卷膜器;3条天窗旁各设置1套电动卷膜器,电动卷膜器可自动卷放塑料薄膜,以打开或关闭通风口。用于拱圆形大棚1与日光温室2隔断的塑料薄膜、以及分别覆盖在拱圆形大棚1东、南、西三侧的塑料薄膜为三层复合茂金属耐老化流滴膜。设在框架式墙体32外侧的塑料薄膜为三层复合茂金属耐老化流滴膜。拱圆形大棚1拱杆、日光温室2拱杆上部覆盖的塑料薄膜以及三个天窗覆盖的塑料薄膜为PEP利得膜(3层共挤长寿无滴膜)。One set of electric film rolls is equipped on the south wall of the arched circular greenhouse; one set of electric film rolls is installed next to each of the three skylights. The electric film rolls can automatically roll up plastic films to open or close the vents. The plastic film used to separate the arched greenhouse 1 from the solar greenhouse 2, and the plastic films covering the east, south and west sides of the arched greenhouse 1 are three-layer composite metallocene aging-resistant dripping films. The plastic film on the outside of the framed wall body 32 is a three-layer composite metallocene aging-resistant dripping film. The plastic film covering the arch pole of the arched circular greenhouse, the upper part of the arch pole of the solar greenhouse 2 and the plastic film covering the three skylights are PEP Lide film (3-layer co-extruded long-life non-drip film).
本发明所述的防虫网和塑料薄膜均采用卡簧与骨架上固定的卡槽固定。Both the insect-proof net and the plastic film of the present invention are fixed by clip springs and fixed draw-in grooves on the frame.
所述的外遮阳系统4包括三行外遮阳立柱21、联系纵杆22、桁架31;三行外遮阳立柱21由南往北分别安装在拱圆形大棚1的两行第一天沟61和日光温室2的第二天沟62内,并位于相应主立柱正上方(即安装在拱圆形大棚1第一天沟61内的外遮阳立柱21位于第一主立柱71正上方,安装在日光温室2第二天沟62内的外遮阳立柱21位于第二主立柱72正上方,同一行相邻两个外遮阳主立柱21的间隔为4.0m),三行外遮阳立柱21的顶端位于同一水平面;每行外遮阳立柱21上部通过联系纵杆22实现东西向连接,并在相邻两行外遮阳立柱21上端固定桁架31实现南北横向相连(东西向相邻两个桁架的距离为4.0m),共两行南北向排列的桁架,共13排东西向排列桁架,桁架31顶部通过第三纵向拉杆32实现东西向相连使得桁架连成整体,分别在靠近东、西两端的两排桁架之间设有两个短纵向拉杆33,两根短纵向拉杆33分别位于第三纵向拉杆32两侧;在每排桁架31上等距安装6个支撑滚轮用于安装东西向第一推杆34(共6行东西向排列的支撑滚轮),在同行支撑滚轮安装有第一推杆34;在相邻两排桁架31之间设有遮阳幕35,共12张遮阳幕,在相邻两排桁架31间架设托幕线和压幕线,遮阳幕35位于托幕线和压幕线之间,所述的遮阳幕35的东侧连接桁架31(固定不动),西侧连接可移动第一导杆36,第一导杆36通过连接卡固定在第一推杆34上;在位于中央桁架旁布置减速电动机,减速电动机通过驱动轴与第一推杆34连接带动遮阳幕的卷放。The outer sunshade system 4 includes three rows of outer sunshade columns 21, connecting longitudinal bars 22, and trusses 31; the three rows of outer sunshade columns 21 are respectively installed on the two rows of the first gutter 61 and the first gutter 61 of the arched round greenhouse 1 from south to north. In the second ditch 62 of the solar greenhouse 2, it is located directly above the corresponding main column (that is, the outer sunshade column 21 installed in the first gutter 61 of the arc-shaped greenhouse 1 is located directly above the first main column 71, and is installed in the sunlight. The outer sunshade column 21 in the second ditch 62 of the greenhouse 2 is located directly above the second main column 72, and the distance between two adjacent outer sunshade main columns 21 in the same row is 4.0m), and the tops of the three rows of outer sunshade columns 21 are located at the same Horizontal plane; the upper part of each row of outer sunshade columns 21 is connected in the east-west direction through the connecting longitudinal rod 22, and trusses 31 are fixed on the upper ends of two adjacent rows of outer sunshade columns 21 to realize the north-south horizontal connection (the distance between two adjacent trusses in the east-west direction is 4.0m ), a total of two rows of trusses arranged in the north-south direction, a total of 13 rows of trusses arranged in the east-west direction, the top of the trusses 31 is connected in the east-west direction through the third longitudinal tie rod 32 so that the trusses are connected as a whole, respectively between the two rows of trusses near the east and west ends Two short longitudinal tie rods 33 are arranged between them, and the two short longitudinal tie rods 33 are respectively located on both sides of the third longitudinal tie rod 32; 6 support rollers are equidistantly installed on each row of trusses 31 for installing the first east-west push rod 34 ( A total of 6 rows of supporting rollers arranged in the east-west direction), the first push rod 34 is installed on the supporting rollers of the same row; a sunshade curtain 35 is arranged between two adjacent rows of trusses 31, a total of 12 sunshade curtains, and two adjacent rows of trusses 31 sets up the supporting curtain line and the curtain pressing line, and the sunshade curtain 35 is located between the supporting curtain line and the pressing curtain line. The east side of the sunshading curtain 35 is connected to the truss 31 (fixed), and the west side is connected to the movable first Guide rod 36, the first guide rod 36 is fixed on the first push rod 34 by connecting card; Arranges the decelerating motor beside the central truss, and the decelerating motor is connected with the first push rod 34 through the drive shaft to drive the rolling of the sunshade curtain.
减速电动机通过联轴器与驱动轴相连,驱动轴上设有与其同轴的齿轮,在第一推杆34中部(中央桁架的两侧)设有与齿轮啮合的锯齿。推杆上布置的锯齿的长度与相邻两个桁架的距离相同。减速电动机采用电机固定架固定,基本位于外遮阳系统中间位置,使两侧受力和阻力较平衡均匀,同时预留一定的位置设有锯齿的推杆,锯齿与驱动轴的齿轮咬合在一起。减速电机发动时,通过驱动轴带动推杆移动,从而带动导杆,带动遮阳网向西开启或向东关闭。The reduction motor is connected with the drive shaft through a shaft coupling, the drive shaft is provided with a coaxial gear, and the first push rod 34 middle part (both sides of the central truss) is provided with sawtooth meshed with the gear. The length of the sawtooth arranged on the push rod is the same as the distance between two adjacent trusses. The deceleration motor is fixed by the motor fixing frame, which is basically located in the middle of the external sunshade system, so that the force and resistance on both sides are more balanced and even. At the same time, a certain position is reserved with a sawtooth push rod, and the sawtooth is engaged with the gear of the drive shaft. When the reduction motor starts, the drive shaft drives the push rod to move, thereby driving the guide rod and driving the sunshade net to open westward or close eastward.
优选的,位于中间一行的每根外遮阳主立柱21上安装东西向对称的斜支撑23,进一步通过斜支撑23使外遮阳主立柱21与桁架连接起到提高外遮阳系统强度的效果。Preferably, each outer sunshade main column 21 located in the middle row is equipped with east-west symmetrical diagonal supports 23, and further through the diagonal supports 23, the outer sunshade main columns 21 are connected to the truss to improve the strength of the outer sunshade system.
所述的第一导杆36采用边铝型材。所述的遮阳幕选用GL80基本式遮阳网。The first guide rod 36 is made of edge aluminum profile. The sunshade curtain is selected from GL80 basic sunshade net.
外遮阳系统中,也可以将遮阳幕35的西侧连接桁架31(固定不动),东侧连接可移动导杆36。In the external sunshade system, the west side of the sunshade curtain 35 can also be connected to the truss 31 (fixed), and the east side can be connected to the movable guide rod 36.
所述的第一内保温系统和第二内保温系统均为结构相同的内保温系统。The first internal thermal insulation system and the second internal thermal insulation system are internal thermal insulation systems with the same structure.
所述的第一内保温系统包括在拱圆形大棚1开间两侧的第一横向拉杆171上等距离安装的3个支撑滚轮(拱圆形大棚1有3行东西向排列的支撑滚轮),在同行支撑滚轮安装有东西向第二推杆37实现东西向连接;在拱圆形大棚1开间之间设有内保温幕16,并在内保温幕16上下方架设托幕线与压幕线,内保温幕16穿过托幕线与压幕线之间;最东侧的内保温幕16的东侧固定在第一联系横杆101,其他内保温幕16的东侧固定在开间东侧第一横向拉杆171;内保温幕16西侧连接南北横向的第二导杆38,第二导杆38通过连接卡固定在第二推杆37上;在位于拱圆形大棚1正中央处的第一横向拉杆171中部固定减速电机,通过驱动轴与第二推杆37连接带动内保温幕的卷放,从而拉动幕布向西开启,向东关闭。温室电控柜上装有手动/自动转换开关,内保温电机可在操作人员或计算机控制系统的指令下实现开闭。The first internal thermal insulation system includes 3 support rollers equidistantly installed on the first transverse tie rods 171 on both sides of the arched circular greenhouse 1 bay (the arched circular greenhouse 1 has 3 rows of supporting rollers arranged in the east-west direction), The second east-west push rod 37 is installed on the supporting rollers in the same line to realize the east-west connection; the inner heat preservation curtain 16 is installed between the 1 bays of the arched round greenhouse, and the support curtain line and the pressure curtain line are set up above and below the inner heat preservation curtain 16 , the inner heat preservation curtain 16 passes between the supporting curtain line and the pressing curtain line; the east side of the easternmost inner heat preservation curtain 16 is fixed on the first connecting crossbar 101, and the east sides of the other inner heat preservation curtains 16 are fixed on the east side of the bay The first horizontal tie rod 171; the west side of the inner thermal curtain 16 is connected to the second guide rod 38 in the north-south direction, and the second guide rod 38 is fixed on the second push rod 37 through a connection card; The middle part of the first transverse tie rod 171 is fixed with a decelerating motor, and the drive shaft is connected with the second push rod 37 to drive the rolling of the inner heat preservation curtain, thereby pulling the curtain to open westward and close eastward. The greenhouse electric control cabinet is equipped with a manual/automatic switch, and the inner heat preservation motor can be opened and closed under the instructions of the operator or the computer control system.
第一内保温系统中的压幕线和托幕线分别固定在拱圆形大棚东西、两侧的第一联系横杆101上;或者除东西两端的开间,其他开间的压幕线和托幕线固定在相邻两个第一横向拉杆171之间,东西两端开间则是将压幕线和托幕线固定在第一横向拉杆171和第一联系横杆101,减小托幕线的承重。The curtain-pressing lines and curtain-supporting lines in the first internal thermal insulation system are respectively fixed on the first contact bars 101 on the east and west sides of the arched circular shed; The line is fixed between two adjacent first transverse tie rods 171, and the opening between the east and west ends is to fix the pressure curtain line and the curtain support line on the first transverse tie rod 171 and the first connecting cross bar 101, so as to reduce the tension of the curtain support line. load bearing.
所述的第二内保温系统包括在日光温室2的第二横向拉杆172上等距离安装的3个支撑滚轮(日光温室2中有3行东西向排列的支撑滚轮),在同行支撑滚轮安装有东西向第二推杆37实现东西向连接;在日光温室2的第二横向拉杆172之间设有内保温幕16,并在内保温幕16上下方架设托幕线与压幕线,内保温幕16穿过托幕线与压幕线之间;最东侧的内保温幕16固定在与第二横向拉杆172处于同一高度的第二联系横杆102上,其他内保温幕16的固定在位于其东侧的第二横向拉杆172上;内保温幕16西侧连接南北横向的第二导杆38,第二导杆38通过连接卡固定在第二推杆37上;在位于日光温室2正中央处的第二横向拉杆172中部固定减速电机,通过驱动轴与第二推杆37连接带动内保温幕的卷放,从而拉动幕布向西开启,向东关闭。温室电控柜上装有手动/自动转换开关,内保温电机可在操作人员或计算机控制系统的指令下实现开闭。The second inner heat preservation system includes 3 support rollers installed equidistantly on the second transverse pull rod 172 of the solar greenhouse 2 (there are 3 rows of support rollers arranged in the east-west direction in the solar greenhouse 2), and the support rollers of the same row are installed with The second east-west push rod 37 realizes the east-west connection; the inner heat preservation curtain 16 is arranged between the second transverse tie rods 172 of the solar greenhouse 2, and the support curtain line and the pressure curtain line are erected above and below the inner heat preservation curtain 16, and the inner heat preservation The curtain 16 passes between the supporting curtain line and the pressing curtain line; the inner thermal curtain 16 on the east side is fixed on the second connecting cross bar 102 at the same height as the second transverse tie rod 172, and the other inner thermal curtains 16 are fixed on the Located on the second transverse tie rod 172 on the east side; the west side of the inner thermal curtain 16 is connected to the second guide rod 38 in the north-south direction, and the second guide rod 38 is fixed on the second push rod 37 through a connection card; The middle part of the second transverse tie rod 172 at the center is fixed with a geared motor, and the drive shaft is connected with the second push rod 37 to drive the rolling of the inner thermal curtain, thereby pulling the curtain to open westward and close eastward. The greenhouse electric control cabinet is equipped with a manual/automatic switch, and the inner heat preservation motor can be opened and closed under the instructions of the operator or the computer control system.
所述的第二导杆38采用边铝型材。所述的内保温幕选用GLS65铝箔遮阳保温帘幕。The second guide rod 38 adopts edge aluminum profile. The inner heat preservation curtain is selected from GLS65 aluminum foil sunshade heat preservation curtain.
内保温系统中,减速电动机通过联轴器与驱动轴相连,驱动轴上设有与其同轴的齿轮,在第二推杆37中部(拱圆形大棚1正中央处的第一横向拉杆171或日光温室2正中央处的第二横向拉杆172旁)设有与齿轮啮合的锯齿。推杆上布置的锯齿的长度与开间长度相同。减速电机发动时,通过驱动轴带动第二推杆移动,从而带动第二导杆,带动内保温幕向西开启或向东关闭。In the internal heat preservation system, the deceleration motor is connected to the drive shaft through a coupling, and the drive shaft is provided with a gear coaxial with it. In the middle of the second push rod 37 (the first transverse tie rod 171 at the center of the arched circular greenhouse 1 or Next to the second transverse tie rod 172 at the center of the solar greenhouse 2) are provided with sawtooth meshed with gears. The length of the sawtooth arranged on the push rod is the same as the length of the bay. When the reduction motor starts, the drive shaft drives the second push rod to move, thereby driving the second guide rod to drive the inner thermal curtain to open westward or close eastward.
内保温系统中,也可以将内保温幕16的东侧连接可移动导杆38,西侧连接横向拉杆172或与第二横向拉杆172处于同一高度的第二联系横杆102。In the inner thermal insulation system, the east side of the inner thermal insulation curtain 16 can also be connected to the movable guide rod 38, and the west side can be connected to the transverse tie rod 172 or the second connecting cross bar 102 at the same height as the second transverse tie rod 172.
和现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention:
1、温室骨架结构均为装配式安装,省时省工,施工、维修方便,可迁移至异地安装以重复利用。1. The skeleton structure of the greenhouse is assembled and installed, which saves time and labor, and is convenient for construction and maintenance. It can be moved to another place for repeated use.
2、墙体保温蓄热性能优良,充分利用太阳能,不需人工加热便可在冬季栽培作物,节省能源。2. The wall has excellent heat preservation and heat storage performance, fully utilizes solar energy, and can cultivate crops in winter without artificial heating, saving energy.
3、日光温室东西山墙材料为泡沫夹芯彩钢板(即聚苯板),根据研究,温室长度大于跨度2倍后,山墙的蓄放热效果可忽略不计。因此山墙材料改用单一功能的聚苯板后,温室蓄放热能力不变;同时鉴于聚苯板比常用山墙材料粘土砖的热阻大,温室保温隔热性能有所提升,且聚苯板价格低廉,安装简便,环保轻质。3. The east and west gables of the solar greenhouse are made of foam sandwich color steel plates (that is, polystyrene boards). According to research, when the length of the greenhouse is greater than 2 times the span, the heat storage and release effect of the gables is negligible. Therefore, after the gable material is changed to polystyrene board with a single function, the heat storage and release capacity of the greenhouse remains unchanged; at the same time, given that polystyrene board has a larger thermal resistance than clay bricks commonly used as gable material, the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse has been improved, and polystyrene board Inexpensive, easy to install, environmentally friendly and lightweight.
4、日光温室后墙结构与传统温室后墙相比,相同蓄热保温效果的要求下,围护结构成本低廉,因黄麻纤维板材的密度较小,便于节约用材以及安装施工。后墙支撑结构强度高,大大降低温室使用中的事故。4. Compared with the back wall of the traditional greenhouse, the back wall structure of the solar greenhouse has the same heat storage and heat preservation effect, and the cost of the enclosure structure is low. Because the density of the jute fiber board is small, it is convenient to save materials and install and construct. The supporting structure of the back wall has high strength, which greatly reduces the accidents in the use of the greenhouse.
5、外遮阳网具有温室降温、光照调节的功能。5. The outer shading net has the function of cooling the greenhouse and adjusting the light.
6、内保温幕具有控制光照、调节湿度、保温节能、防流滴的功能。采用铝箔遮阳保温帘幕,因具有良好的气密性以及能吸收、反射大部分远红外线,所以具有良好的保温性能,另外,由于该帘幕本身温度较高,其下方空气不易形成冷凝水,其对温室覆盖材料滴下的冷凝水本身具有吸收及承托能力,因此能控制湿度和大大减少温室流滴现象。具体来说,内保温幕的作用主要体现在以下方面:(1)减少了温室的加热空间;(2)减少了温室的冷风渗透热损失;(3)减少了温室地面和作物对天空的辐射换热;(4)增加了温室的对流换热热阻;(5)减少了由于水气冷凝而产生的潜热损失;(6)调节光照,亦可在正午阳光过强烈时进行遮阳降温。6. The inner insulation screen has the functions of controlling light, adjusting humidity, heat preservation and energy saving, and preventing dripping. The aluminum foil sunshade heat preservation curtain has good heat preservation performance because of its good air tightness and ability to absorb and reflect most of the far infrared rays. In addition, because the temperature of the curtain itself is high, the air below it is not easy to form condensed water. It has the ability to absorb and support the condensed water dripping from the greenhouse covering material, so it can control the humidity and greatly reduce the dripping phenomenon of the greenhouse. Specifically, the role of the inner insulation screen is mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) Reduce the heating space of the greenhouse; (2) Reduce the heat loss of the greenhouse through cold wind penetration; (3) Reduce the radiation of the greenhouse ground and crops to the sky Heat exchange; (4) increase the convective heat transfer heat resistance of the greenhouse; (5) reduce the latent heat loss due to condensation of water vapor; (6) adjust the light, and can also shade and cool down when the sun is too strong at noon.
7、改良了普通塑料大棚和双层薄膜大棚保温差等不足,优化了日光温室夏季高温高湿等缺点,后墙可增加透光面积,充分利用光照。此温室兼容性较强,适用于淮河以南地区。7. The shortcomings of ordinary plastic greenhouses and double-layer film greenhouses are improved, and the shortcomings of high temperature and high humidity in summer are optimized. The back wall can increase the light transmission area and make full use of the light. This greenhouse has strong compatibility and is suitable for areas south of the Huaihe River.
8、温室南面薄膜可卷起,天窗可打开,后墙上半段可拆卸,均可用于自然通风,故通风性能优良。夏季可将隔断薄膜卷起固定在上端,冬季再将其放下使用,两温室相通有利于通风降温和管理。8. The film on the south side of the greenhouse can be rolled up, the skylight can be opened, and half of the rear wall can be disassembled, all of which can be used for natural ventilation, so the ventilation performance is excellent. In summer, the partition film can be rolled up and fixed on the upper end, and then put down for use in winter. The communication between the two greenhouses is conducive to ventilation, cooling and management.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明日光能温室主视图。Fig. 1 is the front view of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图2是本发明日光能温室东南侧示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the southeast side of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图3是本发明日光能温室西北侧示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the northwest side of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图4是本发明日光能温室内骨架东试图。Fig. 4 is a diagram of the inner skeleton of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图5为本发明日光能温室内骨架西试图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the inner skeleton of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图6为本发明日光能温室中拱圆形大棚与日光温室2中部连接处骨架示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the skeleton of the connection between the arc-shaped greenhouse and the middle part of the solar greenhouse 2 in the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图7为本发明日光能温室的第一内保温系统示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the first internal heat preservation system of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图8为本发明日光能温室的第二内保温系统示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the second internal heat preservation system of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图9为本发明日光能温室顶通风示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of roof ventilation of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图10为本发明日光能温室保温被示意图。Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the thermal insulation quilt for the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图11为本发明日光能温室后墙北视图。Fig. 11 is a north view of the rear wall of the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图12为本发明日光能温室外遮阳系统示意图。Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the sunshade system outside the solar energy greenhouse of the present invention.
图13为外遮阳系统中桁架的安装示意图。Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the truss in the external sunshade system.
图14为外遮阳系统中遮阳幕的安装示意图。Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the sunshade curtain in the external sunshade system.
图15为外遮阳系统俯视图的局部。Figure 15 is a partial top view of the external sunshade system.
图中,1-拱圆形大棚,2-日光温室,3-工作间,4-外遮阳系统,51-第一主立柱基础,52-第二主立柱基础,61-第一天沟,62-第一天沟,71-第一主立柱,72-第二主立柱,81-第一拱杆,82-第二拱杆,91-第一侧墙立柱,92-第二侧墙立柱,101-第一联系横杆,102-第二联系横杆,111-第一撑杆,112-第二撑杆,121-第一天沟纵梁,131-第一纵向拉杆,132-第二纵向拉杆,14-竖向连接杆,15-竖向拉杆,16-内保温幕,171-第一横向拉杆,172-第二横向拉杆,173-斜拉杆,181-第一拱架竖向拉杆,182-第二拱架竖向拉杆,191-第一拱架斜向拉杆,192-第二拱架斜向拉杆,20-砖墙预埋柱,21-外遮阳立柱,22-联系纵杆,23-斜支撑,24-山墙,251-第一天窗,252-第二天窗,253-第三天窗,26-推拉门,27-保温被、28-保温被卷放器、29-框架式墙体,30-复合后墙,31-桁架,32-第三纵向拉杆,33-短纵向拉杆,34-第一推杆,35-遮阳幕,36-第一导杆,37-第二推杆,38-第二导杆。In the figure, 1-arch circular greenhouse, 2-sunlight greenhouse, 3-workshop, 4-outer shading system, 51-first main column foundation, 52-second main column foundation, 61-first gutter, 62 -the first gutter, 71-the first main column, 72-the second main column, 81-the first arch, 82-the second arch, 91-the first side wall column, 92-the second side wall column, 101-the first connecting cross bar, 102-the second connecting cross bar, 111-the first strut, 112-the second strut, 121-the first gutter stringer, 131-the first longitudinal tie rod, 132-the second Longitudinal tie rods, 14-vertical tie rods, 15-vertical tie rods, 16-inner insulation curtain, 171-first transverse tie rods, 172-second transverse tie rods, 173-diagonal tie rods, 181-first arch vertical tie rods , 182- the vertical tie rod of the second arch, 191- the oblique tie rod of the first arch, 192- the oblique tie rod of the second arch, 20- the pre-embedded column of the brick wall, 21- the outer sunshade column, 22- the contact longitudinal rod , 23-Slant support, 24-Gable, 251-First skylight, 252-Second window, 253-Third skylight, 26-Sliding door, 27-Insulation quilt, 28-Insulation quilt unwinder, 29-Frame type Wall body, 30-compound rear wall, 31-truss, 32-third longitudinal tie rod, 33-short longitudinal tie rod, 34-first push rod, 35-sunshade curtain, 36-first guide rod, 37-second push rod Rod, 38 - second guide rod.
图16为1月份日光能温室室内气温与室外气温趋势图。Figure 16 is a trend diagram of the indoor temperature and outdoor temperature of the solar energy greenhouse in January.
图17为1月份典型阴天与晴天条件下室内外日间、夜间以及全天气温平均值的对比图。Figure 17 is a comparison chart of indoor and outdoor daytime, nighttime and all-day temperature averages under typical cloudy and sunny conditions in January.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1-15所示,一种用于长江流域地区周年生产的连栋日光能温室,包括拱圆形大棚1和日光温室2以及工作间3。As shown in Figure 1-15, a multi-span solar greenhouse for annual production in the Yangtze River Basin includes an arc-shaped greenhouse 1, a solar greenhouse 2 and a workshop 3.
所述的拱圆形大棚1、日光温室2均为南北朝向排列,东西朝向延伸;拱圆形大棚2位于南侧,跨度为10.0m,肩高3.0m,脊高5.0m;日光温室2位于北侧,跨度为10.0m,前肩高为3.0m,脊高为5.5m,后墙高度为4.0m,后墙厚度为0.60m,后屋面倾角为46°,后半坡屋面水平投影为1.40m;所述的工作间3紧靠日光温室2东端山墙24,南北长6000mm,东西宽4000mm,高3000mm。外遮阳系统高6m。The arched circular greenhouse 1 and the solar greenhouse 2 are arranged in a north-south direction, and extend east-west; the arched circular greenhouse 2 is located on the south side, with a span of 10.0m, a shoulder height of 3.0m, and a ridge height of 5.0m; the solar greenhouse 2 is located in On the north side, the span is 10.0m, the height of the front shoulder is 3.0m, the height of the ridge is 5.5m, the height of the rear wall is 4.0m, the thickness of the rear wall is 0.60m, the inclination angle of the rear roof is 46°, and the horizontal projection of the rear half slope roof is 1.40 m; the workshop 3 is close to the gable wall 24 at the east end of the solar greenhouse 2, with a length of 6000mm from north to south, a width of 4000mm from east to west, and a height of 3000mm. The external shading system is 6m high.
所述的拱圆形大棚1与日光温室2在长度方向并排连接,并以塑料薄膜(采用三层复合茂金属耐老化流滴膜)隔断;在拱圆形大棚1与日光温室2的上方设有外遮阳系统4,在拱圆形大棚1内部设有第一内保温系统,在日光温室2内部设有第二内保温系统。The arched circular greenhouse 1 is connected side by side with the solar greenhouse 2 in the length direction, and is cut off by a plastic film (using a three-layer composite metallocene anti-aging dripping film); There is an external sunshade system 4, a first internal thermal insulation system is provided inside the arched greenhouse 1, and a second internal thermal insulation system is provided inside the solar greenhouse 2.
所述的拱圆形大棚1包括两行东西向对称排列的第一主立柱71,分别安装在拱圆形大棚1南侧、以及拱圆形大棚1和日光温室2连接处,行与行间距10.0m,第一主立柱基础51由位于其底部的第一主立柱基础51固定;同一行相邻两个第一主立柱71的间隔(开间)为4.0m,每行设有13个第一主立柱71;在南侧相邻两个第一主立柱71中间位置固定有第一撑杆111,在北侧相邻两个第一主立柱71之间等距离固定有两个竖向撑杆15。在每行第一主立柱71顶部安装有第一天沟纵梁121,使东西向第一主立柱71两两相连,在天沟纵梁121顶部安装有第一天沟61,第一天沟61首尾设有通水口,通水口连上通水管用于排放积水。在两行第一天沟纵梁121之间对应除东、西两端外的第一主立柱71以及相邻两个第一主立柱71的中点处架安装连接部件,通过连接部件架设有第一拱杆81,第一拱杆81由两个相同规格的圆弧形热浸镀锌圆钢管杆件拼接而成,共25个;各第一拱杆81通过第一纵向拉杆131实现东西向连接,第一拱杆81和第一纵向拉杆131之间用钢丝夹固定。对应第一拱杆81安装有第一横向拉杆171;第一主立柱71间第一拱杆81与第一横向拉杆171间等距离加设三个第一拱架竖向拉杆181和两个第一拱架斜向拉杆191,第一拱架斜向拉杆191对称分布于中间第一拱架竖向拉杆181两侧,第一拱架斜向拉杆191与第一拱架竖向拉杆181呈30-45°夹角;开间中部处第一拱杆81与第一横向拉杆171间只等距离加设三个第一拱架竖向拉杆181。在拱圆形大棚1的第一拱杆81上覆盖塑料薄膜;在拱圆形大棚1东、西两端的第一拱杆81分别由4根、5根第一侧墙立柱91支撑,同侧第一侧墙立柱91之间通过和第一横向拉杆171处于同一高度的第一联系横杆101连接,在东、西侧分别覆盖塑料薄膜(采用三层复合茂金属耐老化流滴膜),塑料薄膜通过卡簧固定在设在第一联系横杆101与第一侧墙立柱91上的卡槽内;在东侧安装有推拉门26。拱圆形大棚1南侧从内往外依次覆盖白色28目防虫网和塑料薄膜(采用三层复合茂金属耐老化流滴膜),南侧塑料薄膜通过卡簧固定在横向安装在主立柱和撑杆的卡槽内,南侧塑料薄膜配1套电动卷膜器,行程1.9m。在拱圆形大棚北侧的第一天沟61上端800mm处开口设置第一天窗251,天窗251长度与拱圆形大棚长度一致,宽度为0.8m,天窗251从内往外依次覆盖28目防虫网和塑料薄膜,该塑料薄膜采用PEP利得膜(3层共挤长寿无滴膜),厚0.15mm,在拱圆形大棚1东侧固定1套电动卷膜器,并在天窗旁固定卷膜管,卷膜管为Φ22mm x 1.2mm厚热镀锌圆管,卷膜管与电动卷膜器相连,电动卷膜器可自动卷放塑料薄膜,以打开或关闭通风口。在拱圆形大棚1的第一拱杆81上除天窗251外覆盖PEP利得膜(第一天窗251下沿与北侧第一天沟61之间、第一个天窗251上沿与南侧第一天沟61之间分别设有独立的塑料薄膜)。The arched circular greenhouse 1 includes two rows of first main columns 71 arranged symmetrically in the east-west direction, respectively installed on the south side of the arched circular greenhouse 1 and at the connection between the arched circular greenhouse 1 and the solar greenhouse 2, and the distance between rows 10.0m, the first main column foundation 51 is fixed by the first main column foundation 51 at its bottom; the interval (interval) between two adjacent first main columns 71 in the same row is 4.0m, and each row is provided with 13 first Main column 71; a first strut 111 is fixed in the middle of the two adjacent first main columns 71 on the south side, and two vertical struts are fixed equidistantly between the two adjacent first main columns 71 on the north side 15. The first gutter longitudinal beam 121 is installed on the top of the first main column 71 of each row, so that the first main column 71 is connected in pairs from east to west, and the first gutter 61 is installed on the top of the gutter longitudinal beam 121, the first gutter 61 are provided with a water outlet at the head and tail, and the water outlet is connected with a water pipe for discharging stagnant water. Between the two rows of first gutter longitudinal beams 121, corresponding to the first main column 71 except the east and west ends and the midpoints of the two adjacent first main columns 71, a connecting part is erected, and a connecting part is erected through the connecting part. The first arch 81, the first arch 81 is spliced by two arc-shaped hot-dip galvanized round steel pipe rods of the same specification, a total of 25; each first arch 81 is realized by the first longitudinal tie rod 131 Directly connected, the first arch rod 81 and the first longitudinal tie rod 131 are fixed with wire clips. Corresponding to the first arch rod 81, a first transverse tie rod 171 is installed; between the first main column 71, the first arch rod 81 and the first transverse tie rod 171 are equidistantly provided with three first arch vertical tie rods 181 and two second tie rods. An arch oblique tie rod 191, the first arch oblique tie rod 191 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first arch vertical tie rod 181 in the middle, the first arch oblique tie rod 191 and the first arch vertical tie rod 181 form a 30 -45° included angle; only three first arch vertical tie rods 181 are added equidistantly between the first arch rod 81 and the first transverse tie rod 171 in the middle of the bay. Cover the plastic film on the first arch 81 of the arched circular greenhouse 1; the first arch 81 at the east and west ends of the arched circular greenhouse 1 is supported by 4 and 5 first side wall columns 91 respectively, and the same side The first side wall columns 91 are connected by the first contact bar 101 at the same height as the first transverse tie bar 171, and the east and west sides are respectively covered with plastic films (using a three-layer composite metallocene aging-resistant dripping film), The plastic film is fixed in the draw-in slots provided on the first connecting cross bar 101 and the first side wall column 91 through a clip spring; a sliding door 26 is installed on the east side. The south side of the arched circular greenhouse 1 is covered with white 28-mesh insect-proof net and plastic film (using three-layer composite metallocene anti-aging dripping film) from the inside to the outside. In the card slot of the rod, the plastic film on the south side is equipped with a set of electric film roll, with a stroke of 1.9m. The first skylight 251 is set at 800mm above the upper end of the first gutter 61 on the north side of the arched circular greenhouse. The length of the skylight 251 is the same as the length of the arched circular greenhouse, and the width is 0.8m. And plastic film, the plastic film adopts PEP Lide film (3-layer co-extruded long-life non-drip film), 0.15mm thick, a set of electric film rolling device is fixed on the east side of the arched round greenhouse 1, and the film rolling tube is fixed next to the skylight , The roll film tube is a Φ22mm x 1.2mm thick hot-dip galvanized round tube, and the roll film tube is connected with an electric film roll device, which can automatically roll up the plastic film to open or close the vent. On the first arch pole 81 of the arched circular greenhouse 1, except the skylight 251, cover the PEP profit film (between the lower edge of the first skylight 251 and the first gutter 61 on the north side, the upper edge of the first skylight 251 and the first edge of the south side) An independent plastic film is respectively provided between the gutters 61).
所述的日光温室2包括与拱圆形大棚1的第一主立柱基础51平行的条形第二主立柱基础52,在第二主立柱基础52上间隔4.0m固定第二主立柱72,第二主立柱72与拱圆形大棚北侧第一主立柱71对称排列,第二主立柱72高于第一主立柱71,在相邻两个第二主立柱72中间布置第二撑杆112,在第二主立柱基础52上对应第二主立柱72内侧设有砖墙预埋柱,间距4.0m,共13个。在第二主立柱72顶部安装有第二天沟纵梁122,在第二天沟纵梁122顶部安装有第二天沟62,第二天沟62首尾两端设有通水口,通水口连上通水管用于排放积水。在第二天沟纵梁122和拱圆形温室1北侧第一天沟纵梁121之间对应第二主立柱72以及相邻两个第二主立柱72的中点处,架设不对称的第二拱杆82,第二拱杆82由一长一短弧形热浸镀锌圆钢管杆件拼接而成,共25个;各第二拱杆82之间通过第二纵向拉杆132实现东西向连接,第二拱杆82与第二纵向拉杆132用钢丝夹固定。除东、西两端外的第二主立柱72和与其对称的拱圆形大棚1北侧第一主立柱71之间安装有第二横向拉杆172,在第二天沟纵梁122与北侧第一天沟纵梁121之间对应于相邻两个第二主立柱72中点处架设的第二拱杆82安装有斜拉杆173。在第二横向拉杆172和与其对应的第二拱杆82之间设有三个第二拱架竖向拉杆182,在位于中间第二拱架竖向拉杆182两侧分别设有第二拱架斜向拉杆192,第二拱架斜向拉杆192与第二拱架竖向拉杆182呈30-45°夹角;在斜拉杆173和与其对应的第二拱杆82之间加设三个第三拱架竖向拉杆183。在日光温室2东、西两端的第二拱杆82分别由5根第二侧墙立柱92支撑,同侧第二侧墙立柱92之间通过4根第二联系横杆102连接,具体包括与第二横向拉杆172处于同一高度的第二联系横杆、位于该第二联系横杆上下两侧的两根第二联系横杆以及接近第二侧墙立柱底端的一根第二联系横杆。在东、西侧紧贴第二侧墙立柱92分别安装泡沫夹芯彩钢板,泡沫夹芯彩钢板通过角铝固定在第二侧墙立柱92和第二联系横杆之侧,形成东、西侧山墙24;在日光温室南侧的第一天沟61上端800mm处开口设置第二天窗252,并于第二拱杆82顶点南侧靠近收卷状态的保温被27处设置第三天窗253,天窗不与收集状态的保温被27重叠,每天窗长度均与温室长度一致,宽度均为0.8m,天窗从内往外依次覆盖28目防虫网和塑料薄膜,该塑料薄膜采用PEP利得膜(3层共挤长寿无滴膜),在日光温室2东侧分别为第二天窗252、第三天窗253配备1套电动卷膜器,并在天窗旁固定卷膜管,卷膜管为Φ22mm x 1.2mm厚热镀锌圆管,卷膜管与电动卷膜器相连,电动卷膜器可自动卷放塑料薄膜,以打开或关闭通风口。在日光温室2的第二拱杆82上除天窗外覆盖PEP利得膜(在第二天窗252下沿与北侧第一天沟61之间、第二个天窗252上沿与第三天窗253下沿之间以及第三天窗253上沿与第二天沟62之间分别设有独立的塑料薄膜)。于日光温室2屋面后坡铺设保温被27,保温被27可全覆盖日光温室2屋面,并可由电动卷被器28带动自由卷放,电动卷被器28固定于日光温室2西侧。在第二主立柱基础52上设有温室后墙,温室后墙包括下部复合墙体30和上部框架式墙体29,框架式墙体29与复合墙体30尺寸一致:高*宽*厚=2000*48000*600mm;所述的复合墙体30由内向外包括由粘土砖砌筑而成的散热层、由草炭基质填充形成的蓄热层以及由泡沫夹芯彩钢板构成保温层,散热层厚度为240mm,蓄热层厚度为260mm,保温层厚度为240mm;在框架式墙体29内设有可拆装的内层黄麻纤维板和外层黄麻纤维板,内层黄麻纤维板由固定在复合墙体30内沿的凹槽和固定在日光温室第二拱杆82的凹槽定位;外层黄麻纤维板由固定在复合墙体30顶部外沿的凹槽和第二天沟纵梁122的凹槽定位;外层黄麻纤维板的外侧面与第一主立柱72、第二撑杆112的外侧面在同一平面。黄麻纤维板由黄麻纤维经模压而成,黄麻纤维板的密度采用60Kg/m3。冬季填充黄麻板,夏季取下黄麻板覆盖防虫网;并在复合墙体30顶部和第二天沟纵梁122底部之间分别在第二主立柱72和第二撑杆112北侧设有竖向连接杆14,间距2.0m,共25个,用于固定框架式墙体29与连接卡槽。The solar greenhouse 2 includes a strip-shaped second main column foundation 52 parallel to the first main column foundation 51 of the arched circular greenhouse 1, and the second main column 72 is fixed at an interval of 4.0m on the second main column foundation 52. The two main columns 72 are symmetrically arranged with the first main column 71 on the north side of the arc-shaped greenhouse, the second main column 72 is higher than the first main column 71, and the second support rod 112 is arranged between the two adjacent second main columns 72, Corresponding to the inner side of the second main column 72 on the second main column foundation 52, there are 13 pre-embedded brick columns with a distance of 4.0 m. The second ditch longitudinal beam 122 is installed on the top of the second main column 72, and the second ditch 62 is installed on the top of the second ditch longitudinal beam 122. The first and last ends of the second ditch 62 are provided with water outlets, and the water outlets are connected to each other. The upper water pipe is used to discharge accumulated water. Between the second gutter longitudinal beam 122 and the first gutter longitudinal beam 121 on the north side of the arched circular greenhouse 1, the corresponding second main column 72 and the midpoint of the adjacent two second main column 72 are erected asymmetrically. The second arch 82, the second arch 82 is spliced by one long and one short arc hot-dip galvanized round steel pipe rods, a total of 25; between each second arch 82 through the second longitudinal tie rod 132 to realize the east-west Directly connected, the second arch rod 82 and the second longitudinal tie rod 132 are fixed with wire clamps. A second transverse tie rod 172 is installed between the second main column 72 except the east and west ends and the first main column 71 on the north side of the arc-shaped greenhouse 1 symmetrical to it. Diagonal tie rods 173 are installed between the first gutter longitudinal beams 121 corresponding to the second arch rods 82 erected at the midpoints of two adjacent second main columns 72 . Three second arch vertical tie rods 182 are arranged between the second transverse tie rod 172 and the corresponding second arch rod 82, and the second arch vertical tie rods 182 are arranged on both sides of the second arch vertical tie rod 182 in the middle. To the tie rod 192, the oblique tie rod 192 of the second arch frame is at an angle of 30-45° with the vertical tie rod 182 of the second arch frame; Arch vertical tie rod 183. The second arches 82 at the east and west ends of the solar greenhouse 2 are respectively supported by five second side wall columns 92, and the second side wall columns 92 on the same side are connected by four second connecting cross bars 102, specifically including The second transverse tie rod 172 is a second connection cross bar at the same height, two second connection cross bars located on the upper and lower sides of the second connection cross bar, and a second connection cross bar near the bottom end of the second side wall column. The foam sandwich color steel plates are respectively installed on the east and west sides close to the second side wall column 92, and the foam sandwich color steel plates are fixed on the side of the second side wall column 92 and the second connecting cross bar through angle aluminum to form east and west Side gable 24; the second window 252 is set at the opening of the first gutter 61 upper end 800mm on the south side of the solar greenhouse, and the third skylight 253 is set at the insulation quilt 27 near the winding state on the south side of the second arch 82 apex, The skylight does not overlap with the thermal insulation quilt 27 in the collected state. The length of the window every day is consistent with the length of the greenhouse, and the width is 0.8m. The skylight is covered with 28 mesh insect-proof nets and plastic films from the inside to the outside. The plastic film adopts PEP Lide film (3 layers Co-extruded long-life non-drip film), equipped with a set of electric film rolling devices for the second window 252 and the third skylight 253 on the east side of the solar greenhouse 2, and fixed the film rolling tube next to the skylight, the film rolling tube is Φ22mm x 1.2mm Thick hot-dip galvanized round tube, the film roll tube is connected with the electric film roll device, which can automatically roll up the plastic film to open or close the vent. On the second arch 82 of the solar greenhouse 2, cover the PEP profit film except the skylight (between the second skylight 252 lower edge and the first gutter 61 on the north side, the second skylight 252 upper edge and the third skylight 253 An independent plastic film is respectively provided between the edge and between the upper edge of the third skylight 253 and the second ditch 62). Lay thermal insulation quilt 27 on the rear slope of solar greenhouse 2 roof, thermal insulation quilt 27 can cover solar greenhouse 2 roof completely, and can be driven by electric rolling quilt 28 to roll freely, and electric rolling quilt 28 is fixed on solar greenhouse 2 west side. The second main column foundation 52 is provided with a greenhouse rear wall, the greenhouse rear wall includes a lower composite wall 30 and an upper framed wall 29, and the framed wall 29 has the same dimensions as the composite wall 30: height*width*thick= 2000*48000*600mm; the composite wall 30 includes, from the inside to the outside, a heat dissipation layer made of clay bricks, a heat storage layer filled with peat matrix, and an insulation layer made of foam sandwich color steel plates. The thickness is 240mm, the thickness of the thermal storage layer is 260mm, and the thickness of the insulation layer is 240mm; a detachable inner jute fiberboard and an outer jute fiberboard are arranged in the frame wall 29, and the inner jute fiberboard is fixed on the composite wall 30 along the groove and the groove positioning fixed on the second arch bar 82 of the solar greenhouse; the outer jute fiberboard is positioned by the groove fixed on the outer edge of the top of the compound wall 30 and the groove of the second gutter longitudinal beam 122 ; The outer side of the outer jute fiberboard is on the same plane as the outer side of the first main column 72 and the second strut 112 . The jute fiberboard is molded from jute fiber, and the density of the jute fiberboard is 60Kg/m 3 . Fill the jute board in winter, take off the jute board in summer and cover the insect-proof net; There are 25 connecting rods 14 at a distance of 2.0m, which are used to fix the frame wall 29 and connect the draw-in slots.
在拱圆形大棚1东、西、南三侧和日光温室2东、西山墙24底部均砌240mm高墙裙,外围用水泥抹灰。240mm high dadoes are built on the east, west and south sides of the arched circular shed 1 and the east and west gable 24 bottoms of the solar greenhouse 2, and the periphery is plastered with cement.
防虫网和塑料薄膜均用卡簧与骨架上固定的卡槽固定,卡槽采用0.7mm镀锌板,卡簧采用必力特品牌。Both the insect net and the plastic film are fixed with the card slot fixed on the frame with the clip spring. The clip slot is made of 0.7mm galvanized sheet, and the clip spring is made of Blit brand.
具体的,第二主立柱72和第二撑杆112的下部埋于复合墙体30的保温层中,砖墙预埋柱20的下部埋于复合墙体30的散热层中,上部与第二拱杆82连接。Specifically, the lower part of the second main column 72 and the second strut 112 is buried in the thermal insulation layer of the composite wall body 30, the lower part of the brick wall pre-embedded column 20 is buried in the heat dissipation layer of the composite wall body 30, and the upper part and the second Arch rods 82 are connected.
外遮阳系统4:包括三行外遮阳立柱21、联系纵杆22、桁架31、12张遮阳幕35。外遮阳立柱21由南往北分别安装在拱圆形大棚1的南、北两行第一天沟61和日光温室2的第二天沟62内,三行外遮阳立柱21的顶端位于同一水平面;安装在拱圆形大棚1第一天沟61内的外遮阳立柱21位于第一主立柱71正上方,安装在日光温室2第二天沟62内的外遮阳立柱21位于第二主立柱72正上方,同一行相邻两个外遮阳主立柱21的间隔为4.0m。每行外遮阳立柱21上部通过联系纵杆22实现东西向连接(东西向相邻两个桁架的距离为4.0m),并在相邻两行外遮阳立柱21上端通过桁架实现南北横向相连,共两行南北向排列的桁架,共13排东西向排列的桁架,连接相邻两行外遮阳立柱21桁架均由长度分别为6000mm和4000mm的两种桁架拼接而成,两种桁架的其余规格均一致:上下弦杆间距与节间分别为300mm与540mm,桁架结构均为50*30*2mm(双)+Φ10mm钢筋焊接。每种桁架26个,总共52个桁架。同一行桁架31位于中央的顶部通过第三纵向拉杆32实现东西向相连使得桁架连成整体,并分别在靠近东、西两端的两排桁架之间设有两个短纵向拉杆33,两根短纵向拉杆33分别位于第三纵向拉杆32两侧;位于中间一行的每根外遮阳主立柱21上安装东西向对称的斜支撑23,通过斜支撑23使外遮阳主立柱21与桁架连接以提高外遮阳系统强度;在每排桁架31上等距安装6个支撑滚轮用于安装东西向第一推杆34(共6行东西向排列的支撑滚轮),在同行支撑滚轮安装有第一推杆34;在中央桁架旁布置减速电机,减速电机采用电机固定架固定,减速电动机通过联轴器与驱动轴相连,驱动轴上设有与其同轴的齿轮,在第一推杆34中部设有与齿轮啮合的锯齿,推杆上锯齿需保证至少一个开间长度。在相邻两排桁架31之间设有遮阳幕35,在相邻两排桁架31之间架设托幕线和压幕线,相邻两根托幕线间隔0.5m,相邻两根压幕线间隔1.0m,遮阳幕35穿过托幕线和压幕线之间,遮阳幕35的东侧连接桁架31,西侧连接南北横向的可移动导杆36,导杆36通过连接卡固定在第一推杆34上;在位于中央桁架旁布置减速电动机,减速电动机通过驱动轴与第一推杆34连接带动遮阳幕向西开启或向东关闭。温室电控柜上装有手动/自动转换开关,遮阳电机可在操作人员或计算机控制系统的指令下实现开闭。Outer sunshade system 4: including three rows of outer sunshade columns 21, connecting longitudinal rods 22, trusses 31, and 12 sunshade curtains 35. The outer sunshade columns 21 are respectively installed in the first gutter 61 of the south and north rows of the arched greenhouse 1 and the second gutter 62 of the solar greenhouse 2 from south to north, and the tops of the three rows of outer sunshade columns 21 are located on the same horizontal plane The outer sunshade column 21 installed in the first gutter 61 of the arched round greenhouse 1 is located directly above the first main column 71, and the outer sunshade column 21 installed in the second ditch 62 of the solar greenhouse 2 is located at the second main column 72 Directly above, the interval between two adjacent outer sunshade main columns 21 in the same row is 4.0m. The upper part of each row of outer sunshade columns 21 is connected in the east-west direction through the connecting longitudinal rod 22 (the distance between two adjacent trusses in the east-west direction is 4.0m), and the upper ends of the outer sunshade columns 21 in two adjacent rows are connected horizontally from north to south through trusses. Two rows of trusses arranged in a north-south direction, a total of 13 rows of trusses arranged in an east-west direction, connecting two adjacent rows of outer sunshade columns. Consistent: the spacing between the upper and lower chords and the internodes are 300mm and 540mm respectively, and the truss structure is 50*30*2mm (double) + Φ10mm steel bar welding. There are 26 trusses of each type, for a total of 52 trusses. The top of the same row of trusses 31 located in the center is connected east-west through the third longitudinal tie rods 32 so that the trusses are connected as a whole, and two short longitudinal tie rods 33 are respectively arranged between the two rows of trusses near the east and west ends. Longitudinal tie rods 33 are respectively located on both sides of the third longitudinal tie rods 32; each outer sunshade main column 21 located in the middle row is equipped with an east-west symmetrical oblique support 23, and the outer sunshade main column 21 is connected with the truss through the oblique support 23 to improve the outer sunshade main column 21. The strength of the sunshade system: 6 support rollers are equidistantly installed on each row of trusses 31 for installing the first east-west push rods 34 (a total of 6 rows of support rollers arranged in the east-west direction), and the first push rods 34 are installed on the support rollers in the same row Arrange the deceleration motor next to the central truss, the deceleration motor is fixed by a motor holder, the deceleration motor is connected with the drive shaft through a coupling, the drive shaft is provided with a gear coaxial with it, and a gear with the same axis is provided in the middle of the first push rod 34 The meshing sawtooth, the sawtooth on the push rod must ensure at least one gap length. A sunshade curtain 35 is provided between two adjacent rows of trusses 31, and a supporting curtain line and a curtain pressing line are erected between two adjacent rows of trusses 31. The line interval is 1.0m, the sunshade curtain 35 passes between the supporting curtain line and the curtain pressing line, the east side of the sunshade curtain 35 is connected to the truss 31, and the west side is connected to the movable guide rod 36 in the north-south direction, and the guide rod 36 is fixed on the On the first push rod 34; a deceleration motor is arranged beside the central truss, and the deceleration motor is connected with the first push rod 34 through a drive shaft to drive the sunshade curtain to open westward or close eastward. The greenhouse electric control cabinet is equipped with a manual/automatic switch, and the sunshade motor can be opened and closed under the instructions of the operator or the computer control system.
遮阳幕选用GL80基本式遮阳网,每张长22m,幅宽4.2m。第一导杆36的材料为活动边铝型材。GL80 basic sunshade net is used for the sunshade curtain, each of which is 22m long and 4.2m wide. The material of the first guide rod 36 is a movable side aluminum profile.
内保温系统:Internal insulation system:
第一内保温系统:在拱圆形大棚1开间两侧的第一横向拉杆171(即对应第一主立柱71设置的第一横向拉杆171)等距离安装的3个支撑滚轮,在同行支撑滚轮安装有东西向第二推杆37实现东西向连接;在拱圆形大棚1开间内设有内保温幕16,共12张,每张长11m,幅宽4.2m;并在内保温幕16上下方架设托幕线与压幕线,内保温幕16穿过托幕线与压幕线之间;最东侧的内保温幕16的东侧固定在第一联系横杆101上,其他内保温幕16固定在第一横向拉杆171上;所有内保温幕16西侧连接南北横向的第二导杆38,第二导杆38通过连接卡固定在第二推杆37上;在位于拱圆形大棚1正中央处的第一横向拉杆171中部固定减速电机,减速电动机通过联轴器与驱动轴相连,驱动轴上设有与其同轴的齿轮,在第二推杆37中部设有与齿轮啮合的锯齿,推杆上锯齿需保证至少一个开间长度;减速电动机通过驱动轴与第二推杆37连接带动内保温幕的卷放,从而拉动幕布向西开启,向东关闭,开启后内保温幕16覆盖于第一横向拉杆171上。The first internal thermal insulation system: 3 support rollers installed equidistantly on the first transverse tie rods 171 (that is, the first transverse tie rods 171 set corresponding to the first main column 71) on both sides of the arched circular greenhouse 1 bay, supporting the rollers in the same row A second east-west push rod 37 is installed to realize the east-west connection; there are 12 inner thermal curtains 16 in one bay of the arched circular shed, each 11m long and 4.2m wide; The supporting curtain line and the curtain pressing line are erected squarely, and the inner thermal insulation curtain 16 passes between the supporting curtain line and the curtain pressing line; The curtain 16 is fixed on the first transverse tie rod 171; the west side of all inner heat preservation curtains 16 is connected to the second guide rod 38 in the north-south direction, and the second guide rod 38 is fixed on the second push rod 37 through a connecting card; The geared motor is fixed in the middle of the first transverse tie rod 171 at the center of the greenhouse 1, and the geared motor is connected to the drive shaft through a coupling. The sawtooth on the push rod needs to ensure at least one bay length; the deceleration motor is connected with the second push rod 37 through the drive shaft to drive the winding of the inner heat preservation curtain, thereby pulling the curtain to open westward and close eastward, and the inner heat preservation curtain after opening 16 is covered on the first transverse tie rod 171 .
第二内保温系统:在日光温室2的第二横向拉杆172上等距离安装的3个支撑滚轮,在同行支撑滚轮安装有东西向第二推杆37实现东西向连接;在日光温室2的第二横向拉杆172之间设有内保温幕16,共12张,每张长11m,幅宽4.2m;并在内保温幕16上下方架设托幕线与压幕线,内保温幕16穿过托幕线与压幕线之间;最东侧的内保温幕16的东侧固定在与第二横向拉杆172处于同一高度的第二联系横杆102上,其他内保温幕16固定在第二横向拉杆172上;所有的内保温幕16西侧连接南北横向的第二导杆38,第二导杆38通过连接卡固定在第二推杆37上;在位于日光温室2正中央处的第二横向拉杆172中部固定减速电机,减速电动机通过联轴器与驱动轴相连,驱动轴上设有与其同轴的齿轮,在第二推杆37中部设有与齿轮啮合的锯齿,推杆上锯齿需保证至少一个开间长度;减速电动机通过驱动轴与第二推杆37连接带动内保温幕的卷放,从而拉动幕布向西开启,向东关闭。温室电控柜上装有手动/自动转换开关,内保温电机可在操作人员或计算机控制系统的指令下实现开闭。The second internal thermal insulation system: 3 support rollers installed equidistantly on the second transverse pull rod 172 of the solar greenhouse 2, and the second push rod 37 to the east-west direction is installed on the support rollers of the same industry to realize the east-west connection; There are 12 inner thermal curtains 16 between the two horizontal tie rods 172, each of which is 11m long and 4.2m wide; Between the supporting curtain line and the pressing curtain line; the east side of the inner thermal curtain 16 on the easternmost side is fixed on the second connecting cross bar 102 at the same height as the second transverse tie rod 172, and the other inner thermal insulation curtains 16 are fixed on the second On the horizontal pull rod 172; all the inner thermal curtain 16 west sides connect the second guide rod 38 in the north-south direction, and the second guide rod 38 is fixed on the second push rod 37 by a connecting card; The middle part of the two transverse tie rods 172 is fixed with a deceleration motor, and the deceleration motor is connected with the drive shaft through a coupling. It is necessary to ensure at least one bay length; the deceleration motor is connected with the second push rod 37 through the drive shaft to drive the winding of the inner thermal insulation curtain, thereby pulling the curtain to open westward and close eastward. The greenhouse electric control cabinet is equipped with a manual/automatic switch, and the inner heat preservation motor can be opened and closed under the instructions of the operator or the computer control system.
所述的第二导杆38采用边铝型材。所述的内保温幕选用GLS65铝箔遮阳保温帘幕。托幕线和压幕线均选用Φ2.6白色聚酯线。The second guide rod 38 adopts edge aluminum profile. The inner heat preservation curtain is selected from GLS65 aluminum foil sunshade heat preservation curtain. Φ2.6 white polyester thread is used for the supporting curtain thread and the curtain pressing thread.
本实施例中,第一主立柱71和第二主立柱72均采用120*60*3.0mm矩形钢管。第一主立柱基础51为点式独立基础,尺寸为长*宽*高=600*400*500mm,第一主立柱基础51为混凝土结构,混凝土标号C20以上,基础规格为+0.000~-0.500,底部为素砼垫层,厚50mm。在第一主立柱基础51和第二主立柱基础52顶部对应各主立柱底部处分别预埋四个露头50mm的M12螺栓,用于连接第一主立柱71与第二主立柱72。第二主立柱基础52为条形基础,尺寸为长*宽*高=48000*600*500mm,基础设计可根据现场实际要求进行调整。In this embodiment, both the first main column 71 and the second main column 72 are made of 120*60*3.0mm rectangular steel pipes. The first main column foundation 51 is a point-type independent foundation, the size of which is length*width*height=600*400*500mm, the first main column foundation 51 is a concrete structure, the concrete grade is above C20, and the foundation specification is +0.000~-0.500, The bottom is a plain concrete cushion with a thickness of 50mm. Four M12 bolts with 50mm outcropping are respectively pre-embedded at the top of the first main column foundation 51 and the second main column foundation 52 corresponding to the bottom of each main column for connecting the first main column 71 and the second main column 72 . The second main column foundation 52 is a strip foundation, the size of which is length*width*height=48000*600*500mm, and the foundation design can be adjusted according to the actual requirements of the site.
第一天沟纵梁121和第二天沟纵梁122规格相同,均由冷弯镀锌钢板制作,厚2.0mm,展开尺寸为长*宽=4000*330,共12*3=36个。第一天沟61和第二天沟62规格相同,展开尺寸为长*宽=4000*500,厚2.0mm,共12*3=36个,用冷弯镀锌钢板制作,按照双向坡度2.5‰建造,天沟与天沟连接使用专用天沟粘贴剂。The first gutter longitudinal beam 121 and the second gutter longitudinal beam 122 have the same specification, both are made of cold-formed galvanized steel plate, with a thickness of 2.0mm, and the unfolded size is length*width=4000*330, 12*3=36 in total. The specifications of the first gutter 61 and the second gutter 62 are the same, the expanded dimensions are length*width=4000*500, thickness 2.0mm, a total of 12*3=36 pieces, made of cold-formed galvanized steel sheets, with a two-way slope of 2.5‰ Construction, gutter and gutter connection using special gutter adhesive.
第一拱杆81和第二拱杆82均为Φ60*2.0mm镀锌圆钢管。第一纵向拉杆131、第二纵向拉杆132、竖向拉杆15、第一横向拉杆171、第二横向拉杆172(固定电机的除外)、斜拉杆173、第一拱架竖向拉杆181、第二拱架竖向拉杆182、第一拱架斜向拉杆191、第二拱架斜向拉杆192、第一推杆34、第二推杆37、和斜支撑23均为Φ32*2.0mm镀锌圆钢管。所述的第一侧墙立柱91、第二侧墙立柱92、第一联系横杆101、第二联系横杆102、第一撑杆111、第二撑杆112、竖向连接杆14、固定电机的横向拉杆、砖墙预埋柱20、外遮阳立柱21和联系纵杆22均为50*50*2mm镀锌方形钢管。The first arch 81 and the second arch 82 are both Φ60*2.0mm galvanized round steel pipes. The first longitudinal tie rod 131, the second longitudinal tie rod 132, the vertical tie rod 15, the first transverse tie rod 171, the second transverse tie rod 172 (except for the fixed motor), the oblique tie rod 173, the first arch vertical tie rod 181, the second Arch vertical rod 182, first arch oblique rod 191, second arch oblique rod 192, first push rod 34, second push rod 37, and oblique support 23 are all Φ32*2.0mm galvanized circles Steel Pipe. The first side wall column 91, the second side wall column 92, the first connecting bar 101, the second linking bar 102, the first strut 111, the second strut 112, the vertical connecting bar 14, the fixed The horizontal tie rod of the motor, the pre-embedded column 20 of the brick wall, the outer sunshade column 21 and the connection longitudinal bar 22 are all 50*50*2mm galvanized square steel pipes.
温室主体采用国产内外热浸镀锌钢管和钢板,联接均采用镀锌螺栓和自攻螺丝连接。所有钢材部件均按《GB/T 13912-2002金属覆盖层钢铁制品热镀锌层技术要求》经热镀锌处理,工厂化生产,现场组装。连接固定件主要使用符合GB5782标准(采用8.8级)的M8、M10、M12六角头螺栓和符合GB6170标准的相应六角螺母,经热镀锌处理。The main body of the greenhouse is made of domestic and foreign hot-dip galvanized steel pipes and steel plates, and the connections are all connected by galvanized bolts and self-tapping screws. All steel components are hot-dip galvanized in accordance with "GB/T 13912-2002 Technical Requirements for Hot-dip Galvanized Coating of Iron and Steel Products with Metal Coverings", factory-produced and assembled on-site. The connecting and fixing parts mainly use M8, M10, M12 hexagonal head bolts conforming to GB5782 standard (8.8 grade) and corresponding hexagonal nuts conforming to GB6170 standard, which are hot-dip galvanized.
本实施例的施工顺序为:整地,挖排水沟,预埋主立柱基础,安装主立柱;开始砌筑工作间3,安装天沟纵梁、撑杆、拱杆;联系拱架竖向拉杆、拱架斜向拉杆、横向拉杆、纵向拉杆,安装天沟;安装砖墙预埋柱,砌筑下半段后墙;安装外遮阳立柱,连接联系横杆;联系侧墙立柱,安装山墙;安装外遮阳系统4和内遮阳系统,连接斜支撑;安装上半段后墙,联系竖向连接杆;固定卡槽,安装天窗,覆盖塑料薄膜及防虫网;安装电动卷膜器、电动卷被器,覆盖保温被。The construction sequence of this embodiment is: site preparation, digging drainage ditches, pre-burying the main column foundation, installing the main column; Arch oblique tie rods, horizontal tie rods, and longitudinal tie rods, install the gutter; install brick wall pre-embedded columns, build the lower half of the rear wall; install external sunshade columns, connect the connecting cross bars; connect the side wall columns, install the gable; install External shading system 4 and internal shading system are connected to oblique supports; install the upper half of the rear wall and connect with vertical connecting rods; fix card slots, install skylights, cover plastic films and insect nets; install electric film rolls and electric quilt rolls , covered with insulation quilt.
图16中显示日光能温室室内气温全天高于室外气温,最高温度达到22.8℃,最低温度保持在4.05℃以上,室内外温度差值最大为12.35℃。Figure 16 shows that the indoor temperature of the solar energy greenhouse is higher than the outdoor temperature throughout the day, the highest temperature reaches 22.8°C, the lowest temperature remains above 4.05°C, and the maximum indoor and outdoor temperature difference is 12.35°C.
由图17可知日光能温室在阴天天气下,白天气温平均值为9.42℃,夜间气温平均值为6.10℃,全天气温平均值为8.45℃;该温室在晴天天气下,白天气温平均为13.19℃,夜间气温平均为5.84℃,全天气温平均为8.98℃。且在阴天条件下室内外气温相差2-3℃,而在晴天条件下室内外气温差值在5℃以上。It can be seen from Figure 17 that in cloudy weather, the solar greenhouse has an average daytime temperature of 9.42°C, an average nighttime temperature of 6.10°C, and an average daytime temperature of 8.45°C; in sunny weather, the average daytime temperature of the greenhouse is 13.19°C °C, the average temperature at night is 5.84 °C, and the average temperature throughout the day is 8.98 °C. And under cloudy conditions, the indoor and outdoor air temperature difference is 2-3°C, while under sunny conditions, the indoor and outdoor air temperature difference is above 5°C.
以上是结合本发明的具体实施例做了详细描述,但并非是对本发明的限制。本发明可根据不同的地理和气象条件以及使用者的具体要求设计各种规格的日光能温室,凡是依据本发明的技术实质而对以上实施例做出的任何简单修改,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围。The above is a detailed description in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can design solar energy greenhouses of various specifications according to different geographical and meteorological conditions and the specific requirements of users. Any simple modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belongs to the technology of the present invention. scope of the program.
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